A kind of three tails, three oar monomer high speed vessel types
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of ships, particularly a kind of three tails, three oar monomer high speed vessel types.
Background technology
Ship shape lines is of a great variety, if areal of research narrowed down to that screw propeller advances the ship type then the most general with single-blade ship type and r Zweier type, is applicable to that the afterbody line style of monomer triple screw vessel is rare.At present being applied to three oars or the set of many oars on the single hull and obtaining the example majority that engineering uses is to adopt special propulsion mode, advance as pod propulsion propelling unit, full circle swinging and load etc., but there is expensive problem in this type of extraordinary propelling unit; Or on beam direction the common bracing strut support helix oar of simple arrangement.Below get rid of special propulsion mode ship type and do not talk, only introduce several and the similar ship type of this patent technology with regard to the propulsion mode of long axis system driving screw propeller:
(1) plain shaft support multiple-screw vessel type
The outstanding hull of long axis system is connected with screw propeller, and the mode of employing bracing strut is tail pipe, main shaft and screw propeller fixedly, make that hull form is simple, easily manufactured, wetted surface area is little, the bare hull resistance is lower, but exist wake inadequately evenly, hull efficiency and the big shortcomings of appendage drag such as propulsion coefficient is low, bracing strut;
(2) single ball tail ship type
Single ball tail ship type is applied on the single oar and single rudder ship usually, such ship type ship body afterbody body lines is U-shaped or slightly U-shaped, body lines at screw propeller shaft place levels off to circle, and it is approximate concentric with screw propeller axle center line, so see the approximate and spherocylinder of hull of screw propeller shaft from three-dimensional viewpoin, so must be called the ball tail.This ship type has the increase wake fraction, improves hull efficiency, the hydrodynamic force technical advantage that wake is evenly distributed, thus comparatively favourable to the cavity and the disturbance force that reduce screw propeller;
(3) two inward turning fin tail ship types:
Used whirlpool groove tail technology, making incoming flow form one stronger preliminary election in screw propeller the place ahead under the inducing action of whirlpool groove flows, its hand of rotation is outside, and blade is arranged to the direction rotation opposite with preswirl, i.e. inward turning screw, so eliminating wake flow rotatablely moves, reduce degradation of energy, reaction fin or similar to the mechanism of commentaries on classics oar improves propulsion of ship efficient before this hydrodynamics mechanism and the oar, mainly be to have increased axially to induce efficient, be commonly called as anti-oar effect.Two inward turning fin tail ship types can hold large radius-depth than the screw propeller of (diameter of propeller/boats and ships tail drinking water), have improved the spacious water efficient of screw propeller, are equal to the effect of tunnel tail.Two inward turning fin tail ship types also are similar to two ball tail ship types, and the increase of stern wake mark and wake are evenly distributed, and have improved hull efficiency, reduce the screw propeller vibration.
Be about 1000 tons to 3000 tons at displacement, Fu's formula is counted Fr and is reached and use the screw propeller propulsion mode on the high speed vessel more than 0.6, other high speed vessel total drag of this displacement level is difficult to bigger improvement at the order of magnitude, so the propulsion of ship required drive tends to reach about 30,000 kilowatts, consider the technology barrier of existing ship main frame aspect volume, weight and horsepower output, so adopt the possibility of single-blade, two oars little on such boats and ships.If adopt plain shaft support multiple-screw vessel type, have the not high problem of propulsion coefficient again.
Summary of the invention
Three tails, the three oar monomer high speed vessel types that the purpose of this invention is to provide the single ball tail of a kind of combination and two inward turning fin tail ship types.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of three tails, three oar monomer high speed vessel types, this ship type is combined by single ball tail ship type and two inward turning fin tail ship type, the afterbody center buttock zone of described ship type is single ball tail ship type, a screw propeller is set in this zone, described screw propeller cooperates with single ball tail ship type, the afterbody of described ship type is two inward turning fin tail ship types by two topsides zone, and this zone arranges two screw propellers, and described two screw propellers cooperate with two inward turning fin tail ship types.
Further, described three screw propellers are realized being dislocatedly distributed at the boats and ships Width, and avoid card area overlapping of described screw propeller.
Further, described three screw propellers reality on the boats and ships length direction is dislocatedly distributed, and the screw propeller of described single ball tail is in two screw propeller rear portions of two inward turning fin tails.
Further, this ship type is applicable to displacement about 1000 tons to 3000 tons, and Fu's formula is counted Fr and reached monomer high speed vessel more than 0.6.
The present invention has the following advantages:
The present invention is in conjunction with the ship type advantage of single ball tail and two inward turning fin tails, while usage space alternative arrangement scheme, maximum possible is got rid of the phase mutual interference of two kinds of ship type propeller races, the propulsion quality that keeps two kinds of ship type excellences, improve the hull propulsion coefficient, two inward turning fin tails utilize hull shape to produce the preswirl jet action, single ball tail utilizes the propeller wake field uniformity, reduce radial pulsation pressure, improve the hull propulsion coefficient, avoid ship vibration, reduce propeller noise, thereby improve ship resistance and performance and traveling comfort; The present invention utilizes two inward turning fin tail ship type technology to solve the little and ship vibration problem that causes in screw propeller and hull gap effectively, can utilize the optimized matching technology of ship machine slurry, strengthen diameter of propeller to greatest extent, reduce propeller speed, strengthen propeller thrust significantly, can reach more than 0.7, improve open propeller efficiency; The empty problem of suction when patent of the present invention has solved part propeller blade tip water outlet navigation effectively, when boats and ships in the footpath dark than be limit loading operating mode more than 1.3 go ashore the oceangoing ship screw propeller still can normal operation, this patent adopts large radius-depth to compare designing technique, make that boats and ships can normal operation under light condition, can realize the design objective of Life cycle unballast; The present invention uses single ball tail and two inward turning fin tail ship types to organically combine design philosophy, though make ship resistance compare increase to some extent with the ship type of the novel propulsion mode of similar employing because its wetted surface area increases, but by improving propulsion of ship efficient, make that the ship type of the novel propulsion mode of the more similar employing of ship resistance and performance is not a halfpenny the worse, but owing to keep using comparatively ancient, ripe screw propeller propulsion mode, make that ship type cost of the present invention is lower, reliability is stronger.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The bench section of a kind of knuckle bilge moldeed depth V high speed vessel stern that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the invention 1;
The drawing in side sectional elevation of a kind of slack bulge moldeed depth V high speed vessel stern that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 3 is the longitudinal diagram of knuckle bilge moldeed depth V high speed vessel stern and slack bulge moldeed depth V high speed vessel stern in the embodiment of the invention 1 and 2.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Ship type of the present invention is conceived to displacement about 1000 tons to 3000 tons, and Fu's formula is counted Fr and reached high speed vessel more than 0.6, preferably calculates the displacement of volume length factor (Δ/(0.01L) of such boats and ships with resistance by principal dimensions
3) be in
Between 500 to 2000, beam draft ratio (B/T) scope is between 2 to 4, required drive up to 30,000 kilowatts about, Fu's formula number wherein
V is ship speed, and unit is metre per second (m/s) (m/s), and L is the boats and ships length on water line, and unit is rice (m), and g is acceleration due to gravity, equals 9.8m/s
2, displacement of volume length factor Δ/(0.01L)
3Middle Δ is displacement of volume, and unit is cubic meter (m
3).Knuckle bilge moldeed depth V high speed vessel in the present embodiment belongs to this kind ship type.
The concrete technical scheme of this ship type is:
(1) screw propeller space alternative arrangement scheme
With reference to Fig. 1, the impeller 1 of three screw propellers is realized the dislocation layout and is avoided the overlapping of propeller disk area at the boats and ships Width, thereby reduce the phase mutual interference of the wake flow of screw propeller, avoid producing unnecessary current whirlpool resistance, keep the good propulsion coefficient of each screw propeller.With reference to Fig. 3, three screw propeller reality dislocation on the boats and ships length direction are arranged, and the oar dish 3 that is positioned at single ball tail 2 screw propellers of boats and ships center buttock is in the rear portion of the oar dish 4 of two inward turning fin tail screw propellers, thereby keep two inward turning fin tail screw propellers good preswirl physical action and its higher propulsion coefficient, propeller race after two inward turning fin tail screw propeller jet actions becomes the influent stream of rear portion single ball tail 2 screw propellers simultaneously, thereby strengthen advancing speed, improving advance coefficient of this oar, improve the propulsion coefficient of rear portion single ball tail 2 screw propellers indirectly.
Realize screw propeller space three-dimensional alternative arrangement by the screw propeller alternative arrangement on above boats and ships Width and the length direction, effectively avoid the phase mutual interference of wake flow from the hydrodynamics angle, keep the propulsion coefficient of each oar excellence.
(2) two inward turning fin tails and single ball tail 2 unitized design schemes
Space three-dimensional alternative arrangement in conjunction with (1) part, preswirl mechanism and the single ball tail 2 ship types of taking into account two inward turning fin tail ship types simultaneously advance the big mechanism of speed, make three screw propellers all can reach best propulsion coefficient by the mode that improves hull efficiency, relative rotative efficiency and advance coefficient respectively, so with two inward turning fin tails and single ball tail 2 organic assembling, greatly improve the total propulsion coefficient of boats and ships, make overall propulsive efficiency reach about 0.7.
(3) large radius-depth is than screw propeller design scheme
In the design process of common ship type, for guaranteeing that boats and ships the blade leaving water do not occur under the screw propeller normal working and are exposed to airborne phenomenon in underloading or part cargo shipment navigation, and in fully loaded voyage, be unlikely to occur bigger propeller exciting force, the footpath of ship type design is taken as about 0.7 usually than (ratio of diameter of propeller and designed draft) deeply, generally all is not more than 1.
So common ship type needs to load a considerable amount of ballast waters in the operational configuration of ballast or part cargo shipment in boats and ships afterbody ballast chamber, to satisfy the method for ship floating condition requirement.Numerous cases are told us, and the excessive use of ballast water for ship will bring unnecessary boats and ships degradation of energy and the water pollution of ballast.
Two inward turning fin tail ship types that ship type of the present invention is introduced possess the engineering capabilities that solves boats and ships Life cycle unballast shipwreck topic fully.On the one hand; dark in getting about 1.3 by the footpath that can determine invention ship type to the observation of this ship pattern type test; even blade surfaces above screw propeller under the boats and ships static state under the operating mode of underloading navigation and unballast water; and after ship's navigation is got up since the distinctive tunnel effect of this ship type and screw propeller rotate formed inducing action and make water body be full of the whole card of screw propeller naturally and the blade emptying phenomenon can not occur, thereby effectively protect screw propeller.On the other hand, from the hydrodynamic force Analysis on Mechanism, since the distinctive similar half conduit effect of invention ship type, effective helix angle oar top disturbance force, and the damping noise reduction effect is obvious.So invention ship type can realize boats and ships Life cycle unballast water fully.
Test shows that ship type of the present invention is deeply working properly than reaching in 1.3 the test condition screw propeller in the footpath, emptying phenomenon do not occur, and normal navigation does not have any impact to boats and ships.
(4) machine, oar coordinated scheme
According to the oar front axle to, circumferential wake distribution appropriate design screw propeller, wherein among the present invention a pair of pair of inward turning fin tail screw propeller since be symmetric arrangement so the screw propeller design parameter is identical, and single ball tail 2 screw propellers are because its fluidised form distributes different so have different oar design parameters with pair inward turning fin tail screw propellers.Because the characteristics of major diameter screw propeller make propeller speed descend, when effectively improving, propulsion coefficient need coordinate the relation between propeller speed and the engine speed.By selecting more excellent gear case to slow down recently to realize the transmission between main frame and the screw propeller, reach the target of machine, oar better fit, the designing requirement of satisfy energy-saving and emission-reduction, expanding main engine power and diameter of propeller field of application.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment is used in ship type of the present invention on the slack bulge moldeed depth V high speed vessel as different from Example 1.The body plan of its afterbody is with reference to Fig. 2, and the elevations of afterbody is with reference to Fig. 3.
The present invention is in conjunction with the ship type advantage of single ball tail 2 and two inward turning fin tails, the phase mutual interference of two kinds of ship types of usage space alternative arrangement scheme maximum possible propeller race simultaneously, the propulsion quality that keeps two kinds of ship type excellences, improve the hull propulsion coefficient, two inward turning fin tails utilize hull shape to produce the preswirl jet action, single ball tail 2 utilizes the propeller wake field uniformity, reduce radial pulsation pressure, improve the hull propulsion coefficient, avoid ship vibration, reduce propeller noise, thereby improve ship resistance and performance and traveling comfort; The present invention utilizes two inward turning fin tail ship type technology to solve the little and ship vibration problem that causes in screw propeller and hull gap effectively, can utilize the optimized matching technology of ship machine slurry, strengthen diameter of propeller to greatest extent, reduce propeller speed, strengthen propeller thrust significantly, can reach more than 0.7, improve open propeller efficiency; The empty problem of suction when patent of the present invention has solved part propeller blade tip water outlet navigation effectively, when boats and ships in the footpath dark than be limit loading operating mode more than 1.3 go ashore the oceangoing ship screw propeller still can normal operation, this patent adopts large radius-depth to compare designing technique, make that boats and ships can normal operation under light condition, can realize the design objective of Life cycle unballast; The present invention uses single ball tail 2 and two-fold angle inward turning fin tail ship type to organically combine design philosophy, though make ship resistance compare increase to some extent with the ship type of the novel propulsion mode of similar employing because its wetted surface area increases, but by improving propulsion of ship efficient, make that the ship type of the novel propulsion mode of the more similar employing of ship resistance and performance is not a halfpenny the worse, but owing to keep using comparatively ancient, ripe screw propeller propulsion mode, make that ship type cost of the present invention is lower, reliability is stronger.
Above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.