CN103188825A - Networking method of wireless sensor network - Google Patents
Networking method of wireless sensor network Download PDFInfo
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- CN103188825A CN103188825A CN2011104576261A CN201110457626A CN103188825A CN 103188825 A CN103188825 A CN 103188825A CN 2011104576261 A CN2011104576261 A CN 2011104576261A CN 201110457626 A CN201110457626 A CN 201110457626A CN 103188825 A CN103188825 A CN 103188825A
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Abstract
The invention provides a networking method of a wireless sensor network. A way of combining carrier sense multiple access (CSMA), time division multiple address (TDMA) and multi-channel technology is mainly utilized for sequentially finishing confirmation of cluster head nodes and overall situation communication time slots of the cluster head nodes, and confirmation of each cluster member node in each cluster and cluster internal communication time slots of each cluster member node, forming time of each cluster is shortened, and therefore fast networking can be achieved. Moreover, a plurality of clusters can communicate on different component channels in the same time period without mutual interference, networking time of the whole network is shortened, delay time of data transmission of each cluster is shortened, the cluster member nodes upload data in the fixed different time slots, and data collision within the clusters does not occur. The feasible networking method is provided for engineering design, and can be applied to the wireless sensor network with densely-distributed sensor nodes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless sensor technology, relate in particular to a kind of network-building method of wireless sense network.
Background technology
Transducer is a kind of device or the device that can experience specified measuring range spare and convert available signal according to certain rules to, wireless sense network (Wireless Sensor Network, WSN) be by the mode of numerous transducers by radio communication, connect each other, handle, transmit the network of information.This network synthesis sensor technology, embedded computing technique, distributed information processing and the communication technology, various environment in monitoring in real time, perception and the collection network distributed areas or the information of monitoring target, and these information are handled, send required user to.Wireless sense network all has a wide range of applications aspect a lot of in military affairs, Industry Control, traffic, safety, medical treatment, ground observation, environmental monitoring, family and working environment etc.
Wireless sense network is a kind of emerging network, and it is made up of a plurality of single-sensor nodes, and each node is realized mutual with external environment condition by sensing or control parameter.A characteristic feature of wireless sense network is to dispose a lot of nodes in a very little zone, for the enough height or make and have redundancy to prevent node failure in the network of the coverage rate that guarantees a zone.Though these all are the advantages of intensive network design, but it also exists following shortcoming: in a crowded relatively network, because the neighbor node number is numerous, interfere with each other easily between the node, various possible routing modes are too many, node may use bigger power to come and node direct communication at a distance, limited reusing of wireless bandwidth, therefore in the network of a lot of node dense distribution, between the node all in communication range each other, in the netinit stage, be easy to the data-bag lost that produces because of the conflict collision and cause the composition of network need expend the quite a long time, the network topology structure of Xing Chenging is also extremely unstable simultaneously, also can therefore cause the interruption of transfer of data and the reorganization of network in communication process, additive decrementation lot of energy.
At above problem, we need a kind of effective network-building method can quickly networking and the distribution of having dispatched time slot in starting stage of network at the extremely strong network of this interference, with reliability and the validity that guarantees whole network data transmission.The composition of a network has related to topology control and two aspects of timeslot scheduling of network.And network topology control protocol and medium access control protocol (Media Access Control MAC) also is the research focus of wireless sense network always.The network topology control protocol can be optimized the efficient of Routing Protocol and MAC agreement, make it combination closely, for a lot of aspects such as data fusion, time synchronized and target localization provide the basis, the life span that is conducive to prolong whole network is very big to the influence of network performance.The MAC agreement has determined the occupation mode of wireless channel, has made up the underlying basis structure of wireless sense network, distributes limited wireless communication resources between sensor node, makes different nodes can reasonably use these resources.The effect of individual node is faint in the wireless sense network, the power of sensor network is realized by numerous node cooperation division of labor, the resource that communication between a plurality of nodes needs variety of protocol to coordinate in subrange between each node is distributed, and takes full advantage of the limited communication resource and finishes certain task jointly.
The main research purpose of wireless sensing net topology control is how under the prerequisite that satisfies network coverage degree and degree of communication, and power control and backbone network node are selected, and reject unnecessary communication link between the node, form the optimization network configuration of a data forwarding.Under the constant situation of node transmitting power, main consideration level type topological structure tissue, it utilizes sub-clustering mechanism to allow some nodes become leader cluster node, form the backbone network handling and transmit data by leader cluster node, just bunch, other non-leader cluster nodes can the temporary close communication module, enters resting state to save energy.Main level type topology control method has TopDisc cluster algorithm, LEACH self-organizing cluster algorithm and the virtual geographical grid clustering algorithm of GAF etc. at present, it is often comprehensive inadequately that but these algorithms are considered, just carried out optimal design in a certain respect at network topology.Along with the development of wireless sensing network technology, the research of topological control classification is so not strict, combine with other variety of ways often, and introducing is enlightening, data incidentally wait mechanism, saves energy and the quick purpose that forms of topology to reach.Especially the combination with the MAC agreement can allow node directly carry out the scheduling of time slot in networking in early stage process, has also determined the time slot that it is assigned to when network topology forms.Present MAC agreement mainly is divided into fixed configurations agreement and random access protocol.In the fixed configurations agreement, available resource is configuration for a long time between node, makes each node can independently use these resources, does not have the risk of collision, and typical agreement comprises TDMA, FDMA, CDMA etc.For the network of paying attention to transmission quality, this agreement can satisfy the Qos requirement, agreement is given fixing node with fixing time slot or channel allocation, avoided like this producing data collision at same time slot or same channel, but the independent use of this agreement is except having relatively high expectations synchronously to the clock of network, also network stabilization there is very high requirement, and when node is too intensive, below leader cluster node bunch member node of carry too much can cause the time slot of whole superframe too much, has increased the time delay that each node is uploaded data thus greatly; And in random access protocol, node is non-collaborative work, and agreement carries out in complete distributed mode, but is to use this MAC agreement that data collision takes place easily, thereby produce the problem of hidden terminal and apparent terminal, the collision of data retransmits the waste that has also caused energy.And the MAC agreement of present existing ZigBee (purple-bee technology) has adopted (the Carrier Sense Multiple Access with CSMA, Carrier Sense Multiple Access) with TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access, time division multiple access) mode that combines is carried out the transmission of data, in the intensive network of non-node, throughput and the energy of network have been taken into account to a certain extent, characteristics such as delay, but in highdensity sensor network, it still is not enough only CSMA being combined with TDMA, if do not adopt multichannel mechanism, bunch member node quantity of carry is too many below each leader cluster node, not only the CSMA stage of networking in early stage is easy to generate data collision, and time slot also can cause the drift of synchronised clock and long communication delay too much.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of network-building method of wireless sense network, collision and relevant problems such as time slot allocation that a large amount of sensor nodes that be used for to solve dense distribution take place when netinit stage networking.
For addressing the above problem and other problems, the invention provides a kind of network-building method that is applicable to the wireless sense network of sensor node dense distribution, comprise: the determining of leader cluster node and global communication time slot thereof: network adopts superframe structure to organize reception and the transmission of data with beacon patterns work; At first to carry out the whole network synchronous to broadcast overall beacon frame for aggregation node, determine leader cluster node according to the dump energy of requesting node then, and according to the request that receives in proper order for each leader cluster node distribute successively the global communication time slot and bunch in the communicator channel; Bunch member node and bunch in the determining of communication time slot: after determining leader cluster node, subchannel information and the idle time slot situation of each described leader cluster node broadcasting self; The ordinary node that does not become leader cluster node is intercepted the broadcast message of all leader cluster nodes, the corresponding leader cluster node of the broadcast message that the selective reception signal strength signal intensity is the strongest, and send claim frame to that described leader cluster node and go into bunch with request, described leader cluster node receives request back at first and determines bunch member node, and according to the request that receives in proper order for each bunch member node distribute bunch in communication time slot; After some described ordinary nodes are competed bunch failure, continue to intercept the global communication frequency range in following one-period, the leader cluster node of reselecting other compete into bunch; When bunch foundation finish and network stabilization after, all leader cluster nodes enter resting state at non-self communication time slot of global communication period, all bunches member node the global communication period and bunch in enter resting state during non-self communication time slot of communication period.
Alternatively, the network-building method of described wireless sense network also comprises: after setting up bunch, if the aggregation node continuous several times is not received the broadcast message of leader cluster node, think that then leader cluster node lost efficacy; After leader cluster node lost efficacy, aggregation node is initiated the election of leader cluster node again, the ordinary node that the ordinary node that does not become leader cluster node is not gone into bunch renews competition and becomes leader cluster node, namely, in the new cycle, intercept the global communication frequency range, receive the overall beacon frame of aggregation node after, with the mode of CSMA at one's leisure section initiate request and become leader cluster node with competition, the period of initiating CSMA bunch in communicate by letter the period, the channel of initiation is in the global communication frequency range; After new bunch head is determined, rebulid oneself new bunch.
Alternatively, after leader cluster node lost efficacy, the ordinary node of not going into bunch renews competition and becomes leader cluster node, comprise the steps: behind network stabilization, leader cluster node the global communication period successively according to self distributed time slot broadcast data frame, if aggregation node is not received the broadcast data frame of certain leader cluster node in continuous a plurality of cycles, think that then this leader cluster node lost efficacy; If leader cluster node is because the self-energy deficiency also can initiatively be added the request fail message in beacon frame in the broadcast data frame neutralization bunch; After aggregation node and bunch member node are learnt described information respectively, again initiate networking commands by aggregation node, bunch member node becomes ordinary node, intercept the overall beacon frame of aggregation node in the global channel, re-elect out a new leader cluster node, all the other ordinary nodes then ask to go into again bunch.
Alternatively, when bunch member node lost efficacy, leader cluster node will before distribute to described bunch of member node of inefficacy time slot regain, and following one-period bunch in described time slot is decided to be empty slot in the beacon frame.
Alternatively, select leader cluster node and for its distribution global communication time slot and bunch in the communicator channel, comprise the steps: that first time slot after aggregation node starts is at the broadcasting overall situation beacon frame of global communication frequency range intercycle, include synchronizing information in the described overall beacon frame, the leader cluster node number that the aggregation node linchpin belongs to and corresponding subchannel and communication time slot thereof, wherein, the maximum leader cluster node number N that allows in the network, the communication time slot number T that each sub-channel frequencies f and one-period comprise is predefined, and described communication time slot comprises occupied communication time slot and idle communication time slot; Except aggregation node, after waking up for the first time, other all nodes intercept channel, if receive the overall beacon frame of described aggregation node, judge according to the information in the described overall beacon frame whether the leader cluster node number in the network has reached maximum leader cluster node number; Reached maximum leader cluster node number if judge the leader cluster node number that obtains in the network, then node is done synchronous processing with present synchronized algorithm, continues then to intercept; Also do not reach maximum leader cluster node number if judge the leader cluster node number obtain in the network, then section sends claim frame in the mode of CSMA and becomes leader cluster node with competition at one's leisure, comprises the dump energy of node in the described request frame; Aggregation node receives described request frame and record, check whether present fixed leader cluster node number n reaches maximum leader cluster node number N, and up till now fixed leader cluster node number n do not reach under the situation of maximum leader cluster node number N, therefrom select maximum (N-n) the individual node of dump energy to be the individual global communication time slot of its distribution (N-n) and subchannel in proper order as leader cluster node and according to reception, and in the overall beacon frame of next periodic broadcasting, comprise this information.
Alternatively, the network-building method of described wireless sense network also comprises: node is after sending the request that becomes leader cluster node, in the overall beacon frame that in following one-period, listens to, if find not comprise the information that oneself becomes leader cluster node, then expression competition leader cluster node failure; Node judges according to the information in the overall beacon frame whether the leader cluster node number has reached maximum leader cluster node number again, if judge up till now fixed leader cluster node number n reached maximum leader cluster node number N, then abandon competition, continue to intercept channel, prepare bunch in the communication period ask into bunch; If judge up till now fixed leader cluster node number n do not reach maximum leader cluster node number N, the mode with CSMA of then continuing in the described cycle sends claim frame becomes leader cluster node with competition.
Alternatively, determine each bunch bunch member node and for its distribution bunch in communication time slot, comprise the steps: that leader cluster node is after aggregation node is broadcasted overall beacon frame, broadcasting comprises the Frame of extraneous information in the global communication time slot that it is assigned to, wherein extraneous information comprise this bunch bunch in communication period and communicator channel; In the ordinary node of competition leader cluster node failure receives bunch behind the beacon frame, selective reception is to the leader cluster node of the strongest leader cluster node of signal strength signal intensity as oneself, and with the mode of CSMA initiate to compete into bunch request; Leader cluster node receive ordinary node go into bunch request after, according to the order that receives request, successively will bunch in communication time slot distribute to a bunch member node, and in next periodic broadcasting bunch, add multicast answer signal information during beacon frame, if communication time slot assigns in bunch, then inform that at multicast information bunch member node of the described leader cluster node linchpin of requesting node genus is full; If ordinary node is after sending bunch request, beacon frame in continuing to intercept bunch in following one-period, analyzes described bunch in multicast answer signal information in the beacon frame, if learn request bunch member node successfully, then upload grouping according to the time slot that is assigned to; If request bunch member node failure, whether the timeslot number of checking leader cluster node assigns, if assign, then be converted to the overall beacon frame that main channel is intercepted aggregation node in the global communication stage following one-period, therefrom select to also have bunch head of idle time slot, and continue to ask bunch in the mode of CSMA in the crack at one's leisure; If the time slot of all leader cluster nodes all assigns, then described ordinary node no longer sends into a bunch request, but keep intercepting the overall beacon frame of aggregation node in each global communication period, up to finding the leader cluster node of idle time slot is arranged and initiate bunch request subsequently.
The network-building method of wireless sense network provided by the invention, the mode of utilizing CSMA, TDMA to combine with the multichannel technology finish in regular turn each bunch member node in determining of leader cluster node and global communication time slot thereof and each bunch and bunch in the determining of communication time slot, reduced the formation time of each bunch, thereby realization quickly networking, and guarantee that bunch member node uploads data at fixing different time-gap, the data collision in can not taking place bunch; And the multichannel The Application of Technology makes a plurality of bunches can communicate by letter at different subchannels in the same period, does not disturb mutually, has reduced the time of fullnet networking and the time-delay of each cluster data transmission.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the network-building method schematic flow sheet in one embodiment of wireless sense network of the present invention.
Fig. 2 a to 2d is that network of the present invention is from being initialised to the variation schematic diagram of networking.
Embodiment
The present inventor finds: in existing radio sensing network, because needing the sensor node of networking is dense distribution, interstitial content is numerous, interfere with each other easily between the node, in the netinit stage, be easy to the data-bag lost that produces because of the conflict collision and cause the composition of network need expend the quite a long time, the network topology structure of Xing Chenging is also extremely unstable simultaneously, therefore in communication process, also can cause the interruption of transfer of data and the reorganization of network, additive decrementation lot of energy.Therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of network-building method of the wireless sense network that combines with the multichannel technology based on time slot CSMA, TDMA, thus collision and relevant time slot allocation problem that the great deal of nodes that solves intensive branch takes place when netinit stage networking.
Below in conjunction with the more complete description the present invention of diagram, preferred embodiment provided by the invention, but should not be considered to only limit among the embodiment set forth herein.Reference diagram is schematic diagram of the present invention, and the expression among the figure is illustrative nature, should not be considered to limit the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the network-building method schematic flow sheet in one embodiment of wireless sense network of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, described network-building method is applicable in the wireless sense network of sensor node dense distribution, and wireless sense network for example can be applied in the several scenes such as Smart Home, environmental monitoring, Industry Control, ground observation, military surveillance.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 above-mentioned network-building method is described in detail.
It should be noted that, in this real mode, suppose that wireless sense network is with the work of beacon (beacon) pattern, and adopt superframe structure to organize reception and the transmission of data.
At first, determine to converge leader cluster node and the number thereof that (Sink) node (in the following description, with the abbreviation of Sink node as aggregation node) linchpin belongs to.The communication time slot number T that the maximum leader cluster node number N that allows in the sensing net, each sub-channel frequencies f and one-period comprise is predefined, and described communication time slot comprises occupied communication time slot and idle communication time slot.Suppose that now the maximum leader cluster node number that allows in the network is 6 (they being N=6), and determine that a superframe is 20 time slots, like this, and the individual ordinary node of the maximum carries 12 of leader cluster node (20-1-6-1=12).
The 1st cycle:
(1-1), power on after, the Sink node begins to send for the synchronous overall beacon frame of the whole network at first time slot.
In the present embodiment, the structure of overall beacon frame is as shown in the table:
Table one
(1-2), when other ordinary nodes except the Sink node are waken up, intercept main channel, after these ordinary nodes receive the overall beacon frame of Sink node, at first finish synchronously, learn the time slot allocation situation of global communication period; Adopt Carrier Sense Multiple Access/conflict to avoid the mode of (CSMA/CA) to initiate to compete the request of leader cluster node in period in subsequent idle.
(1-3), the Sink node after the 2nd time slot to the 20 time slots (2～20 time slot) in all requests of the competition leader cluster node received of record, dump energy according to requesting node, select 6 maximum nodes of dump energy as leader cluster node therein, according to the request that receives in proper order for each leader cluster node distribute successively the global communication time slot and bunch in the communicator channel.Suppose that bunch head is 1～6 leader cluster node, the global communication time slot that then is assigned to is respectively the 2nd time slot to the 7 time slots (2～7 time slot).
The 2nd cycle:
(2-1), the 1st time slot, the Sink node broadcasts comprises the overall beacon frame that distributes gap information, 1～6 leader cluster node receives fixedly time slot and the shared total timeslot number of leader cluster node that record self is assigned to after the information.
(2-2), at the 2nd time slot to the 7 time slots, 1～6 leader cluster node is broadcast data frame respectively, uploads oneself blocking message to Sink, each ordinary node that belongs to its linchpin is broadcasted subchannel information and the idle time slot situation of self simultaneously.
In the present embodiment, the structure of the Frame of bunch head is as shown in the table:
| The frame kind | Frame number | Source address | Destination address | Frame length | The global communication time slot of self reaches | Valid data load |
| Use subchannel information in bunch |
Table two
(2-3), ordinary node selects the strongest leader cluster node of the signal strength signal intensity receive as bunch record of oneself, after the 8th time slot be converted on the subchannel of this leader cluster node of choosing subchannel in intercepting bunch.
If (2-4) ordinary node listens to leader cluster node number in the overall beacon frame of Sink node less than 6, then ordinary node continues to initiate to the Sink node on main channel in the subsequent idle period request of competition leader cluster node.
(2-5), at the 8th time slot, each leader cluster node frequency conversion enters the subchannel of oneself respectively, each ordinary node also according to before the leader cluster node information selected be converted to its subchannel, networking signaling frame in the leader cluster node broadcasting bunch then, the distribution condition of communication time slot in adding therein bunch.
(2-6), bunch in each ordinary node listen to bunch in behind the beacon frame, bunch in the idle period mode that adopts CSMA/CA send the request that competition is gone into bunch to that leader cluster node of correspondence.Leader cluster node according to the request that receives in proper order will bunch in the 9th time slot to the 20 time slot allocation of communication time slot give bunch member node, and with these information add that following one-period will broadcast to bunch in the beacon frame.
The 3rd cycle:
(3-1), at the 1st time slot, the Sink node adds multicast and replys (ack) information (in the following description, with the abbreviation of ack as response message) in overall beacon frame, feed back as the information that the leader cluster node of receiving in last one-period is uploaded.
(3-2), after the 2nd time slot to the 7 time slots, the fixedly time slot that 1～6 leader cluster node still is assigned to according to oneself is uploaded data, if bunch head is not found own last one-period was uploaded replying of data in multicast ack information, needs data retransmission.
(3-3), at the 8th time slot, the leader cluster node frequency conversion, bunch in broadcasting bunch in beacon frame, broadcasting bunch in time slot allocation information.
The structure of beacon frame is as shown in the table in the present embodiment, bunch:
| Beacon | Frame number | Source address | Destination address | Frame length | Time slot allocation information in bunch | Multicast ack information in bunch |
Table three
If comprise the gap information of self in the ordinary node (3-4) bunch is received bunch in the beacon frame, then in following one-period beginning oneself be assigned to bunch in upload data in the communication time slot; If do not comprise in the beacon frame in bunch self gap information and this bunch head bunch in communication time slot less than, then select a follow-up idle time slot to continue mode with CSMA/CA and send the request that competition is gone into bunch; If time slot allocation is full in informing in the beacon frame in bunch bunch, then described ordinary node discard request is gone into bunch, intercepts other leader cluster node information in the frequency conversion of following one-period in the 1st time slot to the 7 time slots, goes into bunch in order to reselect a leader cluster node and request.
The 4th cycle:
(4-1) leader cluster node is all determined, network is set up substantially and is finished, the 1st time slot to the 7 time slots are the global communication period of leader cluster node and Sink node, and the 8th time slot to the 20 time slots for each bunch bunch in communicate by letter the period, each bunch member node is uploaded data in distributed time slot separately.
(4-2) if before because bunch in communication time slot assign and the node of successfully not going into bunch, begin to be converted to main channel in this cycle and intercept the Frame that each bunch head comprises time slot allocation information, reselect a bunch of head the 8th time slot be converted to corresponding subchannel at one's leisure section with the mode of CSMA/CA ask again into bunch, repeat this mode until successfully going into bunch or abandoning automatically.
See also Fig. 2 a to Fig. 2 d, be a concrete application example of the network-building method of wireless sense network of the present invention.
As Fig. 2 a, the Sink node sends for the synchronous overall beacon frame of the whole network, other ordinary nodes except the Sink node are intercepted main channel, after receiving the overall beacon frame of Sink node, with the mode of CSMA/CA at one's leisure section initiate request and become leader cluster node with competition.
As Fig. 2 b, the Sink node is determined leader cluster node according to the dump energy of requesting node, and according to the request that receives in proper order for each leader cluster node distribute successively the global communication time slot and bunch in the communicator channel.In the present embodiment, suppose that the Sink node is to have selected 6 nodes that wherein dump energy is maximum as leader cluster node (in Fig. 2 b, have the bigger circle of arrow and area and namely be expressed as definite leader cluster node).
In addition, if after leader cluster node lost efficacy, aggregation node was initiated the election of leader cluster node again, the ordinary node that the ordinary node that does not become leader cluster node is not gone into bunch renews competition and becomes leader cluster node.
Shown in Fig. 2 c, after determining leader cluster node, subchannel information and the idle time slot situation of each leader cluster node broadcasting self; The ordinary node that does not become leader cluster node is intercepted the broadcast message of all leader cluster nodes, the corresponding leader cluster node of the broadcast message that the selective reception signal strength signal intensity is the strongest, and send claim frame to that described leader cluster node and go into bunch with request.
Shown in Fig. 2 d, each leader cluster node receives request back and determines bunch member node, and according to the request that receives in proper order for each bunch member node distribute bunch in communication time slot.In Fig. 2 d, can find out just that for example: leader cluster node 1 linchpin belongs to 3 bunches of member node, leader cluster node 2 linchpins belong to 2 bunches of member node, and leader cluster node 3 linchpins belong to 4 bunches of member node ..., leader cluster node 6 linchpins belong to 2 bunches of member node.
In addition, if after some described ordinary nodes compete bunch failure, then continue to intercept the global communication frequency range in following one-period, the leader cluster node of reselecting other compete into bunch.
By above steps, the final wireless sense network of forming fast.
In sum, the network-building method of wireless sense network provided by the invention, the mode of utilizing CSMA, TDMA to combine with the multichannel technology finish in regular turn each bunch member node in determining of leader cluster node and global communication time slot thereof and each bunch and bunch in the determining of communication time slot, reduced the formation time of each bunch, thereby realization quickly networking, and guarantee that bunch member node uploads data at fixing different time-gap, the data collision in can not taking place bunch; And the multichannel The Application of Technology makes a plurality of bunches can communicate by letter at different subchannels in the same period, does not disturb mutually, has reduced the time of fullnet networking and the time-delay of each cluster data transmission.
Above-described embodiment just lists expressivity principle of the present invention and effect is described, but not is used for restriction the present invention.Any personnel that are familiar with this technology all can make amendment to above-described embodiment under spirit of the present invention and scope.Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be listed as claims.
Claims (7)
1. a network-building method that is applicable to the wireless sense network of sensor node dense distribution is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Determining of leader cluster node and global communication time slot thereof: network adopts superframe structure to organize reception and the transmission of data with beacon patterns work; At first to carry out the whole network synchronous to broadcast overall beacon frame for aggregation node, determine leader cluster node according to the dump energy of requesting node then, and according to the request that receives in proper order for each leader cluster node distribute successively the global communication time slot and bunch in the communicator channel;
Bunch member node and bunch in the determining of communication time slot: after determining leader cluster node, subchannel information and the idle time slot situation of each described leader cluster node broadcasting self; The ordinary node that does not become leader cluster node is intercepted the broadcast message of all leader cluster nodes, the corresponding leader cluster node of the broadcast message that the selective reception signal strength signal intensity is the strongest, and send claim frame to that described leader cluster node and go into bunch with request, described leader cluster node receives request back at first and determines bunch member node, and according to the request that receives in proper order for each bunch member node distribute bunch in communication time slot; After some described ordinary nodes are competed bunch failure, continue to intercept the global communication frequency range in following one-period, the leader cluster node of reselecting other compete into bunch;
When bunch foundation finish and network stabilization after, all leader cluster nodes enter resting state at non-self communication time slot of global communication period, all bunches member node the global communication period and bunch in enter resting state during non-self communication time slot of communication period.
2. the network-building method of wireless sense network according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
After setting up bunch, if the aggregation node continuous several times is not received the broadcast message of leader cluster node, think that then leader cluster node lost efficacy; After leader cluster node lost efficacy, aggregation node is initiated the election of leader cluster node again, the ordinary node that the ordinary node that does not become leader cluster node is not gone into bunch renews competition and becomes leader cluster node, namely, in the new cycle, intercept the global communication frequency range, receive the overall beacon frame of aggregation node after, with the mode of CSMA at one's leisure section initiate request and become leader cluster node with competition, the period of initiating CSMA bunch in communicate by letter the period, the channel of initiation is in the global communication frequency range; After new bunch head is determined, rebulid oneself new bunch.
3. the network-building method of wireless sense network according to claim 2 is characterized in that, after leader cluster node lost efficacy, the ordinary node of not going into bunch renewed competition and becomes leader cluster node, comprises the steps:
Behind network stabilization, leader cluster node the global communication period successively according to self distributed time slot broadcast data frame, if aggregation node is not received the broadcast data frame of certain leader cluster node in continuous a plurality of cycles, think that then this leader cluster node lost efficacy; If leader cluster node is because the self-energy deficiency also can initiatively be added the request fail message in beacon frame in the broadcast data frame neutralization bunch;
After aggregation node and bunch member node are learnt described information respectively, again initiate networking commands by aggregation node, bunch member node becomes ordinary node, intercept the overall beacon frame of aggregation node in the global channel, re-elect out a new leader cluster node, all the other ordinary nodes then ask to go into again bunch.
4. the network-building method of wireless sense network according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, when bunch member node lost efficacy, leader cluster node will before distribute to described bunch of member node of inefficacy time slot regain, and following one-period bunch in described time slot is decided to be empty slot in the beacon frame.
5. the network-building method of wireless sense network according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, select leader cluster node and for its distribution global communication time slot and bunch in the communicator channel, comprise the steps:
First time slot after aggregation node starts is at the broadcasting overall situation beacon frame of global communication frequency range intercycle, the leader cluster node number and corresponding subchannel and the communication time slot thereof that include synchronizing information, aggregation node linchpin genus in the described overall beacon frame, wherein, the communication time slot number T that the maximum leader cluster node number N that allows in the network, each sub-channel frequencies f and one-period comprise is predefined, and described communication time slot comprises occupied communication time slot and idle communication time slot;
Except aggregation node, after waking up for the first time, other all nodes intercept channel, if receive the overall beacon frame of described aggregation node, judge according to the information in the described overall beacon frame whether the leader cluster node number in the network has reached maximum leader cluster node number; Reached maximum leader cluster node number if judge the leader cluster node number that obtains in the network, then node is done synchronous processing with present synchronized algorithm, continues then to intercept; Also do not reach maximum leader cluster node number if judge the leader cluster node number obtain in the network, then section sends claim frame in the mode of CSMA and becomes leader cluster node with competition at one's leisure, comprises the dump energy of node in the described request frame;
Aggregation node receives described request frame and record, check whether present fixed leader cluster node number n reaches maximum leader cluster node number N, and up till now fixed leader cluster node number n do not reach under the situation of maximum leader cluster node number N, therefrom select maximum (N-n) the individual node of dump energy to be the individual global communication time slot of its distribution (N-n) and subchannel in proper order as leader cluster node and according to reception, and in the overall beacon frame of next periodic broadcasting, comprise this information.
6. the network-building method of wireless sense network according to claim 5 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Node is after sending the request that becomes leader cluster node, and in the overall beacon frame that listens in following one-period, if find not comprise the information that oneself becomes leader cluster node, then expression competition leader cluster node is failed; Node judges according to the information in the overall beacon frame whether the leader cluster node number has reached maximum leader cluster node number again, if judge up till now fixed leader cluster node number n reached maximum leader cluster node number N, then abandon competition, continue to intercept channel, prepare bunch in the communication period ask into bunch; If judge up till now fixed leader cluster node number n do not reach maximum leader cluster node number N, the mode with CSMA of then continuing in the described cycle sends claim frame becomes leader cluster node with competition.
7. the network-building method of wireless sense network according to claim 1 is characterized in that, determine each bunch bunch member node and for its distribution bunch in communication time slot, comprise the steps:
Leader cluster node is after aggregation node is broadcasted overall beacon frame, and broadcasting comprises the Frame of extraneous information in the global communication time slot that it is assigned to, wherein extraneous information comprise this bunch bunch in communication period and communicator channel;
In the ordinary node of competition leader cluster node failure receives bunch behind the beacon frame, selective reception is to the leader cluster node of the strongest leader cluster node of signal strength signal intensity as oneself, and with the mode of CSMA initiate to compete into bunch request;
Leader cluster node receive ordinary node go into bunch request after, according to the order that receives request, successively will bunch in communication time slot distribute to a bunch member node, and in next periodic broadcasting bunch, add multicast answer signal information during beacon frame, if communication time slot assigns in bunch, then inform that at multicast information bunch member node of the described leader cluster node linchpin of requesting node genus is full;
If ordinary node is after sending bunch request, beacon frame in continuing to intercept bunch in following one-period, analyzes described bunch in multicast answer signal information in the beacon frame, if learn request bunch member node successfully, then upload grouping according to the time slot that is assigned to; If request bunch member node failure, whether the timeslot number of checking leader cluster node assigns, if assign, then be converted to the overall beacon frame that main channel is intercepted aggregation node in the global communication stage following one-period, therefrom select to also have bunch head of idle time slot, and continue to ask bunch in the mode of CSMA in the crack at one's leisure; If the time slot of all leader cluster nodes all assigns, then described ordinary node no longer sends into a bunch request, but keep intercepting the overall beacon frame of aggregation node in each global communication period, up to finding the leader cluster node of idle time slot is arranged and initiate bunch request subsequently.
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