CN103185362B - Low level directly-heated machine - Google Patents
Low level directly-heated machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN103185362B CN103185362B CN201210398103.9A CN201210398103A CN103185362B CN 103185362 B CN103185362 B CN 103185362B CN 201210398103 A CN201210398103 A CN 201210398103A CN 103185362 B CN103185362 B CN 103185362B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of low level directly-heated machine, and its structure comprises: evaporimeter, condenser and deaeration device, and evaporimeter and condenser are setting up and down, evaporimeter upper, condenser under.Evaporimeter is horizontal pressure vessel, middle hot waste water enters evaporimeter by water inlet pipe, spray downwards from the long and narrow spout of sparge pipe, along the flowing of water spraying tray surface, and trickle downwards at water spraying tray edge, flash vaporization simultaneously, the steam of generation enters condenser by steam channel, the remaining waste water of flash distillation, discharges through suction pump.Condenser is shell and tube exchanger, and heating recirculated water enters in the hot-water line of condenser, by the steam heat-exchanging outside tube wall and pipe, after several flow process is heated, is flowed out by outlet pipe; From the steam that steam channel is come in, walk around deflection plate, curve flowing condensation heat; The condensate water gathered bottom condenser, by condensate pipe stream.Above condenser ends, have an exhaust tube, it connects vavuum pump, extracts the on-condensible gas in condenser out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hot swapping, particularly relate to a kind of low level directly-heated machine.
Background technology
China has been the big country that iron and steel is produced, and the annual production of iron and steel accounts for 40% of Gross World Product.No matter be steel-making or ironmaking, all will produce a large amount of slags.Slag is generation of accompanying with iron and steel, it is the byproduct of smelting iron and steel, it is again the primary condition of a series of important metallurgical reaction, it participates in physical-chemical reaction and the mass-and heat-transfer process of steel smelting procedure directly, it not only has influence on iron and steel output, quality, and has close relationship with the consumption of raw material, energy.
In Ferrous Metallurgy stove, produce the high temperature furnace slag of 1400-1500 DEG C, after cinder notch flows out, again when slag runner enters flushing cinder chute, with certain water yield, hydraulic pressure and the chute gradient, water is made to become certain angle of cut with slag stream, slag, by cold shock, bursts into the qualified grain slag of certain particle size.After pulp water is separated, slag is used as construction material; Carry out the washing slag water of heat exchange with high temperature furnace slag, enter flushing cinder pond.Flushing cinder pond takes up an area several thousand square metres usually; above flushing cinder pond, hot vapour soars; washing slag water temperature remains on 60-80 DEG C throughout the year; be a huge potential heat energy energy, if can effectively be used, such as utilize the heat energy of washing slag water; winter is residential block heating; can be not only that country saves a large amount of fuel, and decrease carbon emission, protect environment.
The heat energy recycle problem of washing slag water, is not also well solved so far.
Due to washing slag water Reusability, dissolved into the plurality of inorganic salt and oxide that contain in slag in washing slag water, defining is almost saturated saline-alkali water solution.When slag bursts in grain slag process by cold shock, some tiny slag enters in water and suspends.Detect through reality, washing slag water turbidity is 60-80mg/l.
Certain enterprise that heats, by dividing wall type heat exchanger, passes to recirculated water by the heat of washing slag water, utilizes recirculated water to heat to residential block.In an only winter, less than the heating duration of 4 months, the washing slag water side of dividing wall type heat exchanger, fouling reached 3-5 centimetre, and dirty layer is hard, fluffs loose after weathering.Think afterwards by analysis, the composition of washing slag water fouling in heat exchanger is the multiple inorganic salts containing the crystallization water, such as, containing the silicate of the crystallization water.The crystallization incrustation scale that washing slag water is hard, makes dividing wall type heat exchanger almost scrap completely.
Someone attempts there is metre filter washing slag water, to solve washing slag water scaling problem on heat exchangers.Washing slag water is the saline-alkali water of Multiple components, and for saline-alkali water, filter is not used completely.Saline-alkali water can pass through any filter smoothly, and it is inner to have arrived heat exchanger, runs into cold heat exchanger wall, and saline-alkali water is lowered the temperature, supersaturation, at once crystallization on cold wall.
In saline-alkali water solution, the process of Crystallization is called crystallization.The method of crystallization generally has two kinds: one is evaporating solvent method, and it is applicable to temperature affects little material to solubility.Coastal area produces and evaporates brine is exactly this method utilized.Another kind is heat of cooling saturated solution method, and this method is applicable to temperature and raises, the material that solubility also increases.As the salt lake of northern area, summer temperature is high, and lake surface occurs without crystal; In every winter, temperature reduces, and the materials such as crystal soda (Na2CO310H2O), saltcake (Na2SO410H2O) just separate out from salt lake.Washing slag water fouling, just because of on heat exchanger wall, cools saline and alkaline hydro-thermal saturated solution, the crystallization of generation.
In industrial or agricultural and people's lives, discharge various sewage, wherein a part is temperature is hot waste water in 50-100 DEG C, such as washing slag water.Because the impurity component contained in middle hot waste water is complicated, if utilize common dividing wall type heat exchanger to reclaim heat energy, heat exchanger partition is the cisco unity malfunction by scaling fouling soon.
At present, in order to the recovery problem of hot waste water heat energy in solving, there is a kind of directly-heated machine, its feature is middle hot waste water is not pass through septate heat transfer, but under saturation pressure carburation by evaporation, the steam of generation and cryogen carry out heat exchange, thus avoid middle hot waste water and directly contact with cold fluid partition, prevent because partition fouling, and cause heat exchanger failure.
But this directly-heated machine has a problem, its evaporimeter is following at condenser, does not vaporize, have to evaporimeter to raise several meters, utilize hot water static pressure to overcome vaporization in order to the saturated spent hot water in evaporimeter is discharged evaporimeter with water pump.So just cause whole directly-heated machine up to several meters, cannot settle under common machine room steric requirements.
Middle hot waste water heat exchanger and ordinary heat exchanger condition of work make a big difference, the method for designing of ordinary heat exchanger, use experience, can not be used for middle hot waste water heat exchanger.It is although the method for designing of ordinary heat exchanger and manufacturing process, all very ripe, middle hot waste water heat exchanger science design method, so far, does not also solve very well.
The above-mentioned background technology about sewage heat exchanger and saline-alkali water crystallization, has a detailed description in following monograph:
1, Yu Jianzu writes, heat exchanger principle and design, Beijing: publishing house of BJ University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, 2010.
2, (U.S.) salad, Sai Kulike work, Cheng Linyi, design of heat exchanger technology, Beijing: China Machine Press, 2010.
3, Xin Jian, Wang Huilong chief editor, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, Beijing: during Higher education publishing, 2010.
4, He Fengjiao chief editor, inorganic chemistry, Beijing: Science Press, 2007.
Summary of the invention
In order to the recovery problem of hot waste water heat energy in solving, the present invention provides a kind of low level directly-heated machine, and its primary structure comprises: evaporimeter, condenser and deaeration device, and evaporimeter and condenser are setting up and down, evaporimeter upper, condenser under.The flash distillation in evaporimeter of middle hot waste water produces steam, and have steam channel between evaporimeter and condenser, steam enters condenser condensation heat, and deaeration device picks out above condenser.
Evaporimeter is horizontal pressure vessel, and its structure comprises: cylindrical shell, end socket, steam channel, water inlet pipe, sparge pipe, water spraying tray, ponding room, drainpipe and support; Middle hot waste water enters evaporimeter by water inlet pipe, spray downwards from the long and narrow spout of sparge pipe, along the flowing of water spraying tray surface, and trickle downwards at water spraying tray edge, flash vaporization simultaneously, the steam of generation enters condenser by steam channel, the remaining waste water of flash distillation, enter drainpipe, then discharge through suction pump.
Sparge pipe is for being horizontally disposed with, its length is about 2/3rds of evaporator tube length, sparge pipe has long and narrow spout downwards along total length, long and narrow spout is divided into several sections: narrow thin spout during beginning section hydraulic pressure height, spout in stage casing during hydraulic pressure, wide spout during the low hydraulic pressure of latter end, sparge pipe terminal is uncovered, the comparatively bigger material in discharging in hot waste water.
The main body of water spraying tray is the base plate of horizontally disposed rectangle, its length is about 3/4ths of evaporator tube length, its width is about 2/3rds of evaporator tube diameter, its top bend to upper part be end plate, end plate there is a hole, for supporting the through hole of sparge pipe, other three edges of base plate are naked limit.
Condenser is a horizontal shell and tube exchanger, and its structure comprises: cylindrical shell, steam channel, exhaust tube, support, water inlet pipe, outlet pipe, hot-water line, deflection plate, condensate pipe and base; Heating recirculated water enters condenser by water inlet pipe, flows in multiple hot-water lines of level, by the steam heat-exchanging outside tube wall and pipe, after several flow process is heated, is flowed out by outlet pipe; From the steam that steam channel is come in, walk around deflection plate, curve flowing condensation heat; The condensate water gathered bottom condenser, is flowed out by condensate pipe; Above condenser ends, have an exhaust tube, it connects vavuum pump, extracts the on-condensible gas in condenser out.
Deaeration device is a water-ring vacuum pump, and its bleeding point is connected to the exhaust tube outlet above condenser ends, can continue to extract the on-condensible gas containing steam in condenser out.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall construction drawing of low level directly-heated machine embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the evaporation structure figure of low level directly-heated machine embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the sparge pipe structure chart of low level directly-heated machine embodiment evaporimeter of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the water spraying tray structure chart of low level directly-heated machine embodiment evaporimeter of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the condenser structure figure of low level directly-heated machine embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 gives the overall construction drawing of low level directly-heated machine embodiment of the present invention.
The general structure of low level directly-heated machine embodiment of the present invention, is divided into upper and lower two major parts in shape: top is horizontal evaporimeter 100, and below is horizontal condenser 300 and vavuum pump 200, and there is steam channel 150 centre.
Middle hot waste water enters evaporimeter 100 by water inlet pipe 105, the pressure in evaporimeter 100 lower than saturation pressure corresponding to hot waste water temperature in import, so middle hot waste water enters part evaporation at once after evaporimeter 100, also referred to as being flash distillation or dilatation.The steam produced in evaporimeter 100, by steam channel 150, enters condenser 300 from the upper front end of condenser 300.
In evaporimeter 100, the remaining saturated waste water of flash distillation, flows down from the drainpipe 130 of bottom, and due to difference in height, flow to bottom, saturated wastewater pressure raises, and becomes unsaturated water, then discharges through suction pump 140.
Heating recirculated water by feed pump, enters closed shell and tube condenser 300 by water inlet pipe 320, in the multiple hot-water lines 340 entering level are managed, by the steam heat-exchanging outside tube wall and pipe, steam heat release, by tube wall heating recirculated water, the heat of steam improves circulating water temperature.After several flow process, by warmed-up heating recirculated water in condenser 300, flowed out by outlet pipe 310.
The steam produced in evaporimeter 100, after entering condenser 300 downwards from steam channel 150, due to the stop of deflection plate 330, horizontal arcs of recesses advances, inswept numerous hot-water line outside wall surface, simultaneously condensation heat.
Above the rear end of condenser 300, there is a vavuum pump 200.The on-condensible gas in condenser constantly extracted out by vavuum pump 200, the dissolved gas that in being exactly mainly, hot waste water is separated out, and leaked-in air in system, thus can ensure intrasystem vacuum.
The condensate water gathered bottom condenser 300, by condensate pipe 350, through condensate pump 360, flows in the drainpipe 130 of evaporimeter 100.
Low level directly-heated machine workflow is as follows:
1, middle hot waste water enters evaporimeter 100 by inlet channel;
2, the pressure in evaporimeter 100 lower than saturation pressure corresponding to hot waste water temperature in coming in, so middle hot waste water enters part evaporation at once after evaporimeter, also referred to as being flash distillation or dilatation;
3, the steam produced in evaporimeter 100, by steam channel 150, enters condenser 300;
4, remaining saturated waste water in evaporimeter 100, flows out downwards from the drainpipe 130 of bottom, and pressure raises, and becomes unsaturated water, then discharges through suction pump 140;
5, heating recirculated water, by the feed pump on condenser 300 water inlet pipe 320, enters condenser 300;
6, condenser 300 is dividing wall type heat exchanger, and the side of partition is the steam that middle hot waste water produces, and opposite side is heating recirculated water, steam heat release, and by partition heating recirculated water, the heat of steam improves circulating water temperature;
7, by warmed-up heating recirculated water in condenser 300, flowed out by outlet pipe 310;
8, above condenser 300, there is a vavuum pump 200.The on-condensible gas in condenser constantly extracted out by vavuum pump 200, the dissolved gas that in being exactly mainly, hot waste water is separated out, and leaked-in air in system, thus can ensure intrasystem vacuum;
9, the condensate water produced after the Steam Heating recirculated water in condenser 300, is flowed out by condensate pipe 350 and condensate pump 360.
Fig. 2 gives the evaporation structure figure of low level directly-heated machine embodiment of the present invention.
The evaporimeter 100 of low level directly-heated machine embodiment of the present invention, its profile is a horizontal pressure vessel, and its structure comprises: cylindrical shell 102, end socket 115, steam channel 150, water inlet pipe 105, sparge pipe 110, water spraying tray 120, ponding room 125, drainpipe 130 and support 135.
After middle hot waste water enters evaporimeter 100 by water inlet pipe 105, after spraying from the long and narrow spout of sparge pipe 110, along the flat surface of water spraying tray 120, form thin layer flowing water, both sides landing to the left and right downwards.Pressure in evaporimeter 100 lower than saturation pressure corresponding to hot waste water temperature in import, so, the thin layer flowing water flash vaporization at once of middle hot waste water.The steam that middle hot waste water produces, by steam channel 150, enters condenser downwards.The remaining waste water of flash distillation in evaporimeter 100, flows out from the drainpipe 130 of bottom, then discharges through suction pump.Control the water intaking valve on water inlet pipe 105, ensure at evaporimeter inner product hydroecium 125 water surface in the altitude range of regulation.
Fig. 3 gives the sparge pipe structure chart of low level directly-heated machine embodiment evaporimeter of the present invention.
Middle hot waste water is first by water inlet pipe 105, and water inlet pipe 105 is complete pipes, and section 106 is closed.Enter the sparge pipe 110 of an oriented under shed after entering evaporimeter 100, middle hot waste water vertically attacks water spraying tray after spraying from the long and narrow spout of sparge pipe 110 downwards, and forms thin layer flowing water along the flat surface of water spraying tray, both sides flowing to the left and right.Pressure in evaporimeter lower than saturation pressure corresponding to middle hot waste water temperature, so, the thin layer flowing water flash vaporization at once that middle hot waste water is formed.
The structure of sparge pipe 110 is exactly that middle hot waste water can carry out flash distillation up hill and dale in order to make middle hot waste water form sufficient extended surface.Consider hot waste water flow in sparge pipe 110 in hydraulic pressure reduce change, for this reason, the long and narrow spout of sparge pipe 110 is divided into several sections: the narrow thin spout during hydraulic pressure height that section 107 represents, spout when what section 108 represented is middle hydraulic pressure, wide spout when what section 109 represented is low hydraulic pressure.Can also be divided into more multistage, each segment length is roughly equal, and object is exactly in order to even at sparge pipe total length direction water spray.In addition, sparge pipe terminal 111 is openings, and object is the comparatively bigger material in discharging in hot waste water.
Fig. 4 gives the water spraying tray structure chart of low level directly-heated machine embodiment evaporimeter of the present invention.
The main body of water spraying tray 120 is base plates of horizontally disposed rectangle, and its length is about 3/4ths of evaporator tube length, and its width is about 2/3rds of evaporator tube diameter.Its top bends to upper part to be end plate 121, end plate 121 to have a hole 122, and this hole is the through hole supporting sparge pipe.Another function of end plate 121 prevents sparge pipe institute water jet from spilling from the end at top.Other three edges of base plate 123 are naked limit, and sparge pipe institute water jet fully stretches and shakeouts on base plate 123, forms skim water, then forward to from left to right, flows to three without any the naked edge stopped, forms the water curtain of very book, spray downwards.Water spraying tray coordinates with sparge pipe, and object is exactly launch, the current of middle hot waste water to carry out flash distillation thoroughly fully.
Fig. 5 gives the condenser structure figure of low level directly-heated machine embodiment of the present invention.
Condenser 300 structure of low level directly-heated machine embodiment of the present invention, it is a horizontal shell and tube exchanger, its profile is a pressure vessel, and its structure comprises: cylindrical shell 305, steam channel 150, exhaust tube 302, support 301, water inlet pipe 320, outlet pipe 310, hot-water line 340, deflection plate 330, condensate pipe 350 and base 355.
Heating recirculated water by feed pump, enters closed shell and tube condenser 300 by water inlet pipe 320, in the multiple hot-water lines 340 entering level are managed, by the steam heat-exchanging outside tube wall and pipe, steam heat release, by tube wall heating recirculated water, the heat of steam improves circulating water temperature.Heat recirculated water in condenser 300, after several flow process is heated, flowed out by outlet pipe 310.
From the steam come from evaporimeter that steam channel 150 is come in, in condenser 300, walk around deflection plate 330, curve flows, simultaneously at hot-water line 340 outside wall surface condensation heat.The condensate water gathered bottom condenser 300, is flowed out by condensate pipe 350.
Above the end of condenser 300, have an exhaust tube 302, it connects vavuum pump.By exhaust tube 302, the on-condensible gas in condenser 300 constantly extracted out by vavuum pump, the dissolved gas that in being exactly mainly, hot waste water is separated out, and leaked-in air in system, thus intrasystem vacuum can be ensured, ensure evaporimeter flash temperature, ensure condensing heat exchanger efficient heat transfer.
Claims (3)
1. a low level directly-heated machine, its primary structure comprises: evaporimeter, condenser and deaeration device, evaporimeter and condenser are setting up and down, the flash distillation in evaporimeter of middle hot waste water produces steam, steam channel is had between evaporimeter and condenser, steam enters condenser condensation heat, deaeration device picks out above condenser, described evaporimeter set up and down and condenser, wherein, evaporimeter is upper, condenser under, described evaporimeter is horizontal pressure vessel, its structure comprises: cylindrical shell, end socket, steam channel, water inlet pipe, sparge pipe, water spraying tray, ponding room, drainpipe and support, middle hot waste water enters evaporimeter by water inlet pipe, spray downwards from the long and narrow spout of sparge pipe, along the flowing of water spraying tray surface, and trickle downwards at water spraying tray edge, flash vaporization simultaneously, the steam produced enters condenser by steam channel, the remaining waste water of flash distillation, enter drainpipe, discharge through suction pump again, it is characterized in that: described sparge pipe is for being horizontally disposed with, its length is about 2/3rds of evaporator tube length, sparge pipe has long and narrow spout downwards along total length, long and narrow spout is divided into several sections: narrow thin spout during beginning section hydraulic pressure height, spout in stage casing during hydraulic pressure, wide spout during the low hydraulic pressure of latter end, sparge pipe terminal is uncovered, comparatively bigger material in discharging in hot waste water, described water spraying tray, its main body is the base plate of horizontally disposed rectangle, its length is about 3/4ths of evaporator tube length, its width is about 2/3rds of evaporator tube diameter, its top bend to upper part be end plate, end plate there is a hole, for supporting the through hole of sparge pipe, other three edges of base plate are naked limit.
2. according to low level directly-heated machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described condenser, it is a horizontal shell and tube exchanger, and its structure comprises: cylindrical shell, steam channel, exhaust tube, support, water inlet pipe, outlet pipe, hot-water line, deflection plate, condensate pipe and base; Heating recirculated water enters condenser by water inlet pipe, flows in multiple hot-water lines of level, by the steam heat-exchanging outside tube wall and pipe, after several flow process is heated, is flowed out by outlet pipe; From the steam that steam channel is come in, walk around deflection plate, curve flowing condensation heat; The condensate water gathered bottom condenser, is flowed out by condensate pipe; Above condenser ends, have an exhaust tube, it connects vavuum pump, extracts the on-condensible gas in condenser out.
3. according to low level directly-heated machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described deaeration device, it is a water-ring vacuum pump, and its bleeding point is connected to the exhaust tube outlet above condenser ends, can continue to extract the on-condensible gas containing steam in condenser out.
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| CN201210398103.9A CN103185362B (en) | 2012-10-08 | 2012-10-08 | Low level directly-heated machine |
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| CN201210398103.9A CN103185362B (en) | 2012-10-08 | 2012-10-08 | Low level directly-heated machine |
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| CN103185362B true CN103185362B (en) | 2016-03-23 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103908794B (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2015-09-09 | 潍坊汇韬化工有限公司 | Energy-efficient rectifier unit |
| CN105091062B (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2018-07-06 | 哈尔滨工大金涛科技股份有限公司 | Directly-heated machine |
| KR102072087B1 (en) | 2015-11-19 | 2020-01-31 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | A high-degree vacuum series condenser |
| CN108439513B (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2024-03-01 | 长沙鑫本药业有限公司 | Low-temperature atomization evaporator for wastewater |
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| EP0027147A1 (en) * | 1979-10-10 | 1981-04-22 | Jenbacher Werke AG | Heat collecting system |
| FR2515317A1 (en) * | 1981-10-23 | 1983-04-29 | Alsthom Atlantique | INSTALLATION OF HEAT PUMP OPERATING FROM A COLD SOURCE CONSISTING OF A CHARGED OR CORROSIVE SOLUTION |
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Denomination of invention: Low position direct heating engine Effective date of registration: 20210622 Granted publication date: 20160323 Pledgee: Harbin Kechuang Financing Guarantee Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: HIT (HARBIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY) KINT TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2021230000010 |
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Date of cancellation: 20220629 Granted publication date: 20160323 Pledgee: Harbin Kechuang Financing Guarantee Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: HIT (HARBIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY) KINT TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2021230000010 |