CN103184898A - 具有导流凹槽的燃气涡轮喷嘴 - Google Patents

具有导流凹槽的燃气涡轮喷嘴 Download PDF

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CN103184898A
CN103184898A CN2012105885248A CN201210588524A CN103184898A CN 103184898 A CN103184898 A CN 103184898A CN 2012105885248 A CN2012105885248 A CN 2012105885248A CN 201210588524 A CN201210588524 A CN 201210588524A CN 103184898 A CN103184898 A CN 103184898A
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diversion groove
turbine
aerofoil profile
profile part
turbine nozzle
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CN103184898B (zh
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C.A.比勒克
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General Electric Co PLC
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General Electric Co
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12Blades
    • F01D5/14Form or construction
    • F01D5/141Shape, i.e. outer, aerodynamic form
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12Blades
    • F01D5/14Form or construction
    • F01D5/141Shape, i.e. outer, aerodynamic form
    • F01D5/145Means for influencing boundary layers or secondary circulations

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有导流栅的燃气涡轮喷嘴。本申请提供涡轮喷嘴。涡轮喷嘴可包括翼型件,其具有前缘和后缘以及从前缘延伸到后缘的导流栅。

Description

具有导流凹槽的燃气涡轮喷嘴
技术领域
本申请和结果专利大体涉及用于燃气涡轮发动机的涡轮喷嘴,并且更特别地,涉及具有导流凹槽(flow groove)的涡轮喷嘴,该导流凹槽定位在吸力面上或其他地方,以便限制径向流迁移和湍流。
背景技术
在燃气涡轮中,许多系统要求应当在燃气涡轮的每个级处被满足,以便满足设计目的。这些设计目的可包括但不受限于总的提高的效率和翼型件加载能力。就这点而论,涡轮喷嘴翼型件轮廓应当达到用于特别级的热和机械操作要求。例如,末级喷嘴可具有在外径附近的显著高损失的区域。这些损失可与沿着向内吸力面的径向流迁移有关。这种径向流迁移可与混合损失组合,以便降低叶片排效率。就这点而论,具有全部压力损失的伴随减小的、径向流迁移的减小应当提高总性能和效率。
因此,存在对特别是用于末级喷嘴的改进涡轮喷嘴设计的期望。这种改进涡轮喷嘴设计应当适应和/或消除关于翼型件的径向流迁移和相关损失。径向流迁移的这种减小等应当提高总性能和效率。还应当在本文中考虑和解决总成本和维护问题。
发明内容
本申请和结果专利提供涡轮喷嘴的实例。本文中描述的涡轮喷嘴可包括翼型件,其具有前缘和后缘以及从前缘延伸到后缘的导流凹槽。
本申请和结果专利进一步提供涡轮的实例。本文中描述的涡轮可包括许多级,其中,级中的每一个包括许多喷嘴和许多动叶。动叶中的每一个可包括翼型件,其具有前缘、后缘和在其间延伸的导流凹槽。
本申请和结果专利进一步提供涡轮喷嘴翼型件的实例。本文中描述的涡轮喷嘴翼型件可包括前缘、后缘、压力面、吸力面和导流凹槽,其沿着吸力面从前缘延伸到后缘。可使用其他构造。
在审阅结合若干附图和所附权利要求进行的下列详细描述之后,本申请和结果专利的这些和其他的特征和改进对本领域技术人员而言将变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1是燃气涡轮发动机的示意图,其示出了压缩机、燃烧器和涡轮。
图2是可在本文中描述的具有多个喷嘴和多个动叶的涡轮的部分的示意图。
图3是可使用在图2的涡轮中的喷嘴的实例的侧视截面图。
图4是图3的喷嘴的侧视平面图,该喷嘴具有定位在其中的导流凹槽。
图5是图3的喷嘴的前缘视图。
图6是图3的喷嘴的后缘视图。
部件列表
10燃气涡轮发动机
15压缩机
20空气流
25燃烧器
30燃料流
35燃烧气体流
40涡轮
45轴
50负载
100涡轮
110第一级
120第一级喷嘴
130第一级动叶
140第二级
150第二级喷嘴
160第二级动叶
170末级
180末级喷嘴
190末级动叶
200转子
210外壳
215热气路
220喷嘴
230翼型件
240前缘
250后缘
260压力面
270吸力面
280平台
290末端
300导流凹槽
310V形形状
320线性方向。
具体实施方式
现在参考附图,其中,同样的标记在所有若干视图中表示同样的元件,图1示出了可在本文中使用的燃气涡轮发动机10的示意图。燃气涡轮发动机10可包括压缩机15。压缩机15压缩进入的空气流20。压缩机15将压缩的空气流20输送到燃烧器25。燃烧器25将压缩的空气流20与压缩的燃料流30混合,并且点燃混合物,以产生燃烧气体流35。虽然仅示出单个燃烧器25,但是燃气涡轮发动机10可包括任何数量的燃烧器25。燃烧气体流35进而输送到涡轮40。燃烧气体流35驱动涡轮40,以便产生机械功。涡轮40中产生的机械功经由轴45驱动压缩机15,并且驱动外部负载50,诸如发电机等。
燃气涡轮发动机10可使用天然气、各种类型的合成气和/或其他类型的燃料。燃气涡轮发动机10可为由纽约斯卡奈塔第市的通用电气公司提供的许多不同燃气涡轮发动机中的任何一种,其包括但不受限于诸如7系列或9系列重型燃气涡轮发动机等的燃气涡轮发动机。燃气涡轮发动机10可具有不同的构造,并且可使用其他类型的构件。还可在本文中使用其他类型的燃气涡轮发动机。多个燃气涡轮发动机、其他类型的涡轮和其他类型的发电设备还可在本文中一起使用。
图2示出了可在本文中描述的涡轮100的部分的实例。涡轮100可包括许多级。在该实例中,涡轮100可包括具有许多第一级喷嘴120和许多第一级动叶130的第一级110、具有许多第二级喷嘴150和许多第二级动叶160的第二级140和具有许多末级喷嘴180和许多末级动叶190的末级170。可在本文中使用任何数量的级,其具有任何数量的动叶130,160,190和任何数量的喷嘴120,150,180。
动叶130,160,190可以以周向阵列定位在转子200上,用于与其一起旋转。同样地,喷嘴120,150,180可为固定的,并且可以以周向阵列安装在外壳210等上。热气路215可延伸穿过涡轮100,用于利用来自燃烧器25的燃烧气体流35驱动动叶130,160,190。还可在本文中使用其他构件和其他构造。
图3-6示出了可在本文中描述的喷嘴220的实例。喷嘴220可为末级喷嘴180中的一个和/或涡轮100中的任何其他的喷嘴。喷嘴220可包括翼型件230。一般而言,翼型件230可沿着X轴从前缘240延伸到后缘250。翼型件230可沿着Y轴从压力面260延伸到吸力面270。同样地,翼型件230可沿着Z轴从平台280延伸到末端290。喷嘴220的总构造可变化。可在本文中使用其他构件和其他构造。
喷嘴220可具有绕着翼型件230定位的导流凹槽300。导流凹槽300可定位在翼型件230的末端290附近,即,导流凹槽300可定位成比平台280更接近末端290。导流凹槽300可沿着吸力面270从前缘240向内延伸到后缘250。导流凹槽300可平滑地结合到前缘240和后缘250中。导流凹槽300可沿着吸力面270在很大程度上线性方向320上延伸,但是可在本文中使用其他方向。导流凹槽300可具有很大程度上V或U形的构造310,但是可在本文中使用其他构造。特别地,导流凹槽300可具有任何尺寸、形状或构造。
可在本文中使用多于一个导流凹槽300。虽然根据吸力面370讨论导流凹槽300,但是导流凹槽300还可定位在压力面260上,并且/或者许多导流凹槽300可沿着吸力面270和压力面260二者定位。因此,导流凹槽300的数量、定位和构造可在本文中改变。可在本文中使用其他构件和其他构造。
因此,绕着喷嘴220的导流凹槽300的使用起作用以在轴向方向上指引燃烧气体流35,以便减小径向流迁移的量。径向流迁移的程度的减小可伴随着总压力损失的减小,以便提高总动叶排的效率和性能。因此,导流凹槽300用作防止这种流迁移的物理屏障,因为导流凹槽300在期望方向上引导流。导流凹槽300的使用还可有效地减小绕着其的湍流。
应当显而易见的是,前面所述仅涉及本申请和结果专利的某些实施例。在不背离由下列权利要求和其等同物限定的本发明的大体精神和范围的情况下,可由本领域技术人员在本文中作出许多变化和修改。

Claims (20)

1.一种涡轮喷嘴,其包括:
翼型件;
所述翼型件包括前缘和后缘;和
导流凹槽;
所述导流凹槽从所述翼型件的前缘延伸到后缘。
2. 如权利要求1所述的涡轮喷嘴,其特征在于,所述导流凹槽沿着所述翼型件的吸力面延伸。
3. 如权利要求1所述的涡轮喷嘴,其特征在于,所述翼型件从基部延伸到末端,并且其中,所述导流凹槽定位成与所述末端相邻。
4. 如权利要求1所述的涡轮喷嘴,其特征在于,所述导流凹槽包括大致V形形状。
5. 如权利要求1所述的涡轮喷嘴,其特征在于,所述导流凹槽在大致线性方向上延伸。
6. 如权利要求1所述的涡轮喷嘴,其特征在于,所述涡轮喷嘴包括末级喷嘴。
7. 如权利要求1所述的涡轮喷嘴,其特征在于,进一步包括多个导流凹槽。
8. 如权利要求1所述的涡轮喷嘴,其特征在于,所述翼型件包括压力面,并且其中,所述导流凹槽沿着所述压力面延伸。
9. 如权利要求1所述的涡轮喷嘴,其特征在于,所述导流凹槽成形为减小热燃烧气体流沿着所述翼型件的流迁移。
10. 一种涡轮,其包括:
多个喷嘴;和
多个动叶;
所述多个动叶包括翼型件;
所述翼型件包括前缘、后缘和在其间延伸的导流凹槽。
11. 如权利要求10所述的涡轮,其特征在于,所述导流凹槽沿着所述翼型件的吸力面延伸。
12. 如权利要求10所述的涡轮,其特征在于,所述翼型件从基部延伸到末端,并且其中,所述导流凹槽定位成与所述末端相邻。
13. 如权利要求10所述的涡轮,其特征在于,所述导流凹槽包括大致V形形状。
14. 如权利要求10所述的涡轮,其特征在于,所述导流凹槽在大致线性方向上延伸。
15. 如权利要求10所述的涡轮,其特征在于,进一步包括多个导流凹槽。
16. 如权利要求10所述的涡轮,其特征在于,所述翼型件包括压力面,并且其中,所述导流凹槽沿着所述压力面延伸。
17. 如权利要求10所述的涡轮,其特征在于,所述导流凹槽成形为减小热燃烧气体流沿着所述翼型件的流迁移。
18. 一种涡轮喷嘴翼型件,其包括:
前缘;
后缘;
压力面;
吸力面;和
导流凹槽,其沿着所述吸力面从所述前缘延伸到所述后缘。
19. 如权利要求18所述的涡轮喷嘴翼型件,其特征在于,所述翼型件从基部延伸到末端,并且其中,所述导流凹槽定位成与所述末端相邻。
20. 如权利要求18所述的涡轮喷嘴翼型件,其特征在于,所述导流凹槽包括大致V形形状。
CN201210588524.8A 2012-01-03 2012-12-31 具有导流凹槽的燃气涡轮喷嘴 Active CN103184898B (zh)

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US13/342,261 US9062554B2 (en) 2012-01-03 2012-01-03 Gas turbine nozzle with a flow groove
US13/342261 2012-01-03

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EP2612991A2 (en) 2013-07-10
EP2612991B1 (en) 2020-07-22
RU2012158322A (ru) 2014-07-10
US9062554B2 (en) 2015-06-23
JP2013139816A (ja) 2013-07-18
CN103184898B (zh) 2017-04-12

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