CN103183832B - A kind of preparation method of magnetic cellulose-chitosan composite microsphere - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of magnetic cellulose-chitosan composite microsphere Download PDF

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CN103183832B
CN103183832B CN201110447643.7A CN201110447643A CN103183832B CN 103183832 B CN103183832 B CN 103183832B CN 201110447643 A CN201110447643 A CN 201110447643A CN 103183832 B CN103183832 B CN 103183832B
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chitosan
ionic liquid
magnetic
cellulose
preparation
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CN103183832A (en
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刘振
王海松
牟新东
刘超
于光
王晓燕
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Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology of CAS
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Abstract

Natural macromolecular material field is belonged to, specifically a kind of preparation method of magnetic cellulose-chitosan composite microsphere in the present invention.Take ionic liquid as solvent, add wherein by Mierocrystalline cellulose and chitosan, heated and stirred prepares Mierocrystalline cellulose-chitosan/ionic liquid solution; And add magnetic inorganic particle mechanical stirring in backward Mierocrystalline cellulose-chitosan/ionic liquid solution and make it be uniformly dispersed; After mixing, magnetic cellulose-chitosan/ionic liquid composite solution is scattered in the organic solution containing emulsifying agent, after mechanical stirring is separated into uniform microballoon to it, adds solidifying agent and make microballoon shaping, be then separated and namely obtain magnetic composite microsphere.Nontoxic solvent provided by the present invention, safety and environmental protection, and preparation method is simple, flow process is short.The microballoon of preparation has biological degradability concurrently, the character such as magnetic, can also carry out functionalization because surface has amino.

Description

A kind of preparation method of magnetic cellulose-chitosan composite microsphere
Technical field
Natural macromolecular material field is belonged to, specifically a kind of preparation method of magnetic cellulose-chitosan composite microsphere in the present invention.
Background technology
Mierocrystalline cellulose is structure composition main in plant, is also that nature content enriches and the natural organic matter that can regenerate the most.Chitosan (β-(1 → 4)-2-amino-2-deoxy-D-Glucose) is that content is only second to cellulosic natural organic matter.Because Mierocrystalline cellulose, chitosan have biodegradable, biocompatibility, reserves and huge, the easy degraded of annual production is pollution-free, feature that is that be easy to a lot of advantages such as modification becomes polymeric material field a study hotspot.
In the last few years, along with global problem of environmental pollution increasingly sharpens, and be that the nonrenewable resources of representative sharply consumes with oil, utilize with Mierocrystalline cellulose and other natural macromolecular material renewable resourcess, become numerous scientific research person and seek the new direction of on sustainable development path one.Mierocrystalline cellulose and chitosan have been widely used in the numerous areas such as weaving, papermaking, medicine, food, chemical industry, makeup, water treatment, METAL EXTRACTION and recovery, biochemistry and biomedical engineering at present.
Ionic liquid, as room temperature molten salt, is potential " green solvent ".Have been found that some ionic liquids can dissolve natural cellulose well, and be its reaction medium, cellulosic modification and functionalization thereof can be realized in ionic liquid.
Because chitosan contains amido functional group, the material with specific function can be prepared.Chitin fiber element is mixed with Mierocrystalline cellulose chitosan microball be with a wide range of applications.As the amino on effectively Adsorption of Heavy Metals, chitosan surface fixing of glutaraldehyde enzyme etc. can be cross-linked in the treatment of waste water.But owing to there is problems such as reclaiming difficulty, be difficult to large-scale application.Find a kind of easy, efficient recovery method has wide significance.Magnetic separation technique is large owing to having treatment capacity, and being separated the advantage such as is completely a kind of well separation means.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the preparation method providing a kind of magnetic cellulose-chitosan composite microsphere.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A preparation method for magnetic cellulose-chitosan composite microsphere, take ionic liquid as solvent, adds wherein by Mierocrystalline cellulose and chitosan, heated and stirred prepares Mierocrystalline cellulose-chitosan/ionic liquid solution; And add magnetic inorganic particle mechanical stirring in backward Mierocrystalline cellulose-chitosan/ionic liquid solution and make it be uniformly dispersed; After mixing, magnetic cellulose-chitosan/ionic liquid composite solution is scattered in the organic solution containing emulsifying agent, after mechanical stirring is separated into uniform microballoon to it, adds solidifying agent and make microballoon shaping, be separated and namely obtain magnetic composite microsphere; Described ionic liquid and cellulosic weight ratio are 10 ~ 100: 1; The weight ratio of ionic liquid and chitosan is 20 ~ 100: 1; The weight ratio of Mierocrystalline cellulose and chitosan is 0.1 ~ 10: 1.
Described shaping rear microballoon carries out separation with the effect of externally-applied magnetic field and obtains magnetic composite microsphere in washing process.
Described ionic liquid cationic is respectively:
Wherein R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4, R 5, R 6for identical or different, be selected from H, carbonatoms is alkane, alkene, alcohols, lipid or fragrant same clan group between 1 ~ 20;
Negatively charged ion is: Cl -, Br -, BF 4 -, AlCl 4, HSO 4 -, NO 3 -, PF 6 -, CH 3cOO -, SCN -in one or more.
Described ionic liquid is the imidazoles containing different side chain carbon number, pyridines, quaternary ammonium salt, one or more combination in the derivative of quaternary phosphonium ionic liquid, N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide compound (NMMO), N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide compound; During combination, the consumption of various material accounts for 10 ~ 90wt% of ionic liquid total amount.Described ionic liquid is 1-butyl-3-Methylimidazole villaumite or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate.
Described Mierocrystalline cellulose is one or more in Microcrystalline Cellulose, cotton fibre, the paper pulp dregs of rice, wood pulps, and during combination, various cellulosic consumption accounts for 10 ~ 90wt% of total fiber element consumption.
Take ionic liquid as solvent, add wherein by Mierocrystalline cellulose and chitosan, at 20 ~ 180 DEG C of solvent temperatures, 0.1 ~ 10Mpa dissolved under pressure, 0.1 ~ 30h, stir speed (S.S.) is 100 ~ 10000rpm, obtained Mierocrystalline cellulose-chitosan/ionic liquid solution.
Described magnetic inorganic particle is iron, cobalt, nickel metallic monomer, iron, one or more combination in cobalt or nickel metallic monomer oxide compound, the add-on of magnetic inorganic particle is 0.1 ~ 50wt% of ionic liquid consumption, and during combination, the consumption of various magnetic inorganic particle accounts for 10 ~ 80wt% of total magnetic inorganic particle consumption.
Described emulsifying agent is one or more in polyoxyethylene oleic acid ester, stearic acid polyoxyethylene stearic acid ester, polyoxylethylene abietate, Viscotrol C ethylene oxide adduct and derivative thereof, sorbitan fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester ethylene oxide adduct, two Polyglycerine and fatty acid ester, Glycerol dimer polypropylene glycol ether, glycerin polyoxyethylene ether polyoxypropylene ether fatty acid ester, and its emulsifying agent add-on is the 0.1-50% of ionic liquid quality; During combination, the consumption of various emulsifying agent accounts for 1 ~ 90wt% of total emulsifiers consumption, and described organic solvent is silicone oil, one or more in vacuum pump oil, peanut oil, mineral oil, paraffin oil, polyoxyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol; Wherein, organic solvent addition is 1 ~ 20 times of ionic liquid volume, and during combination, the consumption of various organic solvent accounts for 1 ~ 90wt% of total organic solvent consumption.Described emulsifying agent sorbitan fatty acid ester, organic solvent is vacuum pump oil.
Described solidifying agent is one or more in deionized water, methyl alcohol, ethanol, acetone, and wherein hardener dose is 1 ~ 20 times of ionic liquid volume; During combination, the consumption of various solidifying agent accounts for 1 ~ 90wt% of total hardener dose.
The advantage that the present invention has: the solubleness of solvent for use of the present invention to Mierocrystalline cellulose chitosan is high, the simple step of dissolution process just can complete; Raw materials used wide material sources, renewable; Regenerated cellulose microspheres energy stable existence, in acid, alkali solvent, has certain stability; Chitosan can be microsphere surface and provides amido functional group, makes microballoon can further functionalization, and magnetic composite microsphere has magnetic and is convenient to recycle in addition.Gained magnetic bio polymer microsphere can be applicable to a lot of field such as biotechnology, biological medicine, catalysis, absorption.Nontoxic solvent provided by the present invention, safety and environmental protection, and preparation method is simple, flow process is short.The microballoon of preparation has biological degradability concurrently, the character such as magnetic, can also carry out functionalization because surface has amino.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The Scanning Electron microphotograph (SEM) of the magnetic cellulose-chitosan composite microsphere that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrogram of the magnetic cellulose-chitosan composite microsphere that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
The Fourier infrared spectrum figure (FTIR) of the magnetic cellulose-chitosan composite microsphere that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is illustrated by the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.
Embodiment 1
0.7g gossypin and 0.35g chitosan are joined in 20g1-butyl-3-Methylimidazole villaumite (bmimCl) solution, solution is heated to 90 DEG C of stirring reaction 2h and Mierocrystalline cellulose chitosan is dissolved completely, obtain thick white mixture.0.35g iron powder is joined in above-mentioned sticky solution, continue stirring reaction 20min, make iron particles be dispersed in solution, then stop stirring.While hot solution is poured in the flask of 250mL, then add 100mL vacuum pump oil and 0.5g sorbitol anhydride oleate and adopt mechanical stirring speed to be 1000rpm in 100 DEG C of stirring reaction 4h..Then be down to room temperature, drip deionized water while stirring in above-mentioned system, be added dropwise to complete rear continuation stirring 1h and make microballoon shaping.Reacted solution is poured in 1L large beaker and utilize Magneto separate and the mode deionized water wash that inclines 5 times.Clean microballoon is placed in deionized water to preserve at 4 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
The 0.8g paper pulp dregs of rice and 0.8g chitosan are joined in 15g1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate (EmimOAc) solution, solution is heated to 80 DEG C of stirring reaction 1h and Mierocrystalline cellulose chitosan is dissolved completely, obtain thick white mixture.By 0.8gFe 3o 4particle joins in above-mentioned sticky solution, continues stirring reaction 20min, makes Fe 3o 4uniform particle is scattered in solution, then stops stirring.While hot solution is poured in the flask of 250mL, then add 200mL polyoxyethylene glycol and 0.5g polyoxylethylene abietate and adopt mechanical stirring speed to be 500rpm in 90 DEG C of stirring reaction 20min..Then be down to room temperature, drip ethanol while stirring in above-mentioned system, be added dropwise to complete rear continuation stirring 1h and make microballoon shaping.Reacted solution is poured in 1L large beaker and utilize Magneto separate and the mode washing with alcohol of inclining 5 times.Clean microballoon is placed in deionized water to preserve at 4 DEG C (see Fig. 1,2 and 3).
The diameter of the microballoon prepared by Scanning Electron microphotograph (SEM) in Fig. 1, at about 200 ~ 500 μm, is circular substantially.
As can be seen from Fig. 2 XRD spectra, Mierocrystalline cellulose chitosan microball has an obvious peak at about 20 degree, but this peak disappears in the magnetic cellulose chitosan microball of preparation, illustrate, between magnetic particle and Mierocrystalline cellulose or chitosan, there is obvious interaction, destroy the crystalline structure between original Mierocrystalline cellulose chitosan.
From infrared spectrum, magnetic particle and the interaction between Mierocrystalline cellulose and chitosan also can be described by Fig. 3.Chitosan is at 1655cm -1the absorption peak at place broadens and there occurs the interaction that red shift describes hydrogen bond, and Mierocrystalline cellulose is at 1463cm -1there is blue shift and illustrate that cellulosic space conformation changes in place, and at 1161cm -1the C-O-C absorption peak at place broadens the strong interaction also illustrated between magnetic particle and Mierocrystalline cellulose chitosan gradually
Embodiment 3
0.4g Microcrystalline Cellulose and 1g chitosan are joined in 30g1-allyl group-3-Methylimidazole villaumite (AmimCl) solution, solution is heated to 110 DEG C of reaction stirring 0.5h and Mierocrystalline cellulose chitosan is dissolved completely, obtain thick white mixture.0.2gCoO particle is joined in above-mentioned sticky solution, continue stirring reaction 30min, CoO uniform particle is disperseed in the solution, then stop stirring.While hot solution is poured in the flask of 250mL, adopt mechanical stirring speed to be 2000rpm in 110 DEG C of stirring reaction 20min. adding 100mL polypropylene glycol and 0.2g Glycerol dimer polypropylene glycol ether.Then be down to room temperature, drip acetone while stirring in above-mentioned system, be added dropwise to complete rear continuation stirring 2h and make microballoon shaping.Reacted solution is poured in large beaker and utilizes Magneto separate and the mode washing with acetone that inclines 5 times.Clean microballoon is placed in deionized water to preserve at 4 DEG C.
Embodiment 4
0.2g wood pulps and 0.8g chitosan are joined in 10g choline acetate (ChOAc) ionic liquid solution, solution is heated to 130 DEG C of reaction stirring 0.1h and Mierocrystalline cellulose chitosan is dissolved completely, obtain thick white mixture.By 0.1gFe 3o 4join in above-mentioned sticky solution with 0.3gCoO particle, continue stirring reaction 30min, make Fe 3o 4disperse in the solution with 0.3gCoO uniform particle, then stop stirring.While hot solution is poured in the flask of 250mL, adopt mechanical stirring speed to be 200rpm in 70 DEG C of stirring reaction 30min. adding 100mL polyglycerol and 0.2g Glycerol dimer polypropylene glycol ether.Then be down to room temperature, dropping 20ml ethanol and 30ml acetone are in above-mentioned system while stirring, are added dropwise to complete rear continuation stirring 0.5h and make microballoon shaping.Reacted solution is poured in large beaker and utilizes Magneto separate and the mode washing with alcohol of inclining 5 times.Clean microballoon is placed in deionized water to preserve at 4 DEG C.
Embodiment 5
0.5g Cotton Pulp and 0.5g wood pulps and 0.3g chitosan are joined in 50g N-ethylpyridinium chloride ionic liquid solution, solution is heated to 80 DEG C of reactions and stirs 4h Mierocrystalline cellulose chitosan is dissolved completely, obtain thick white mixture.1gNiO particle is joined in above-mentioned sticky solution, continue stirring reaction 10min, NiO uniform particle is disperseed in the solution, then stop stirring.While hot solution is poured in the flask of 250mL, adopt mechanical stirring speed to be 500rpm in 60 DEG C of stirring reaction 20min. adding 50mL peanut oil and 0.5g polyoxyethylene oleic acid ester.Then be down to room temperature, dropping 10ml methyl alcohol and 10ml ethanol are in above-mentioned system while stirring, are added dropwise to complete rear continuation stirring 1h and make microballoon shaping.Reacted solution is poured in large beaker and utilizes Magneto separate and the mode deionized water wash that inclines 5 times.Clean microballoon is placed in deionized water to preserve at 4 DEG C.
Embodiment 6
0.1g Microcrystalline Cellulose and 1g chitosan are joined in the aqueous medium solution of 20gN-methyhnorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO), solution being slowly heated to 110 DEG C of reaction stirring 3h makes Mierocrystalline cellulose chitosan dissolve completely, obtains thick white mixture.By 0.2gFe 2o 3and 0.2gFe 3o 4particle joins in above-mentioned sticky solution, continues stirring reaction 5min, makes Fe 2o 3and Fe 3o 4uniform particle dispersion in the solution, then stops stirring.While hot solution is poured in the flask of 250mL, adopt mechanical stirring speed to be 1200rpm in 40 DEG C of stirring reaction 10min. adding 50mL mineral oil 50ml vacuum pump oil and 0.1g sorbitol anhydride oleate and 0.1g bis-Polyglycerine.Then be down to room temperature, drip deionized water while stirring in above-mentioned system, be added dropwise to complete rear continuation stirring 4h and make microballoon shaping.Reacted solution is poured in large beaker and utilizes Magneto separate and the mode deionized water that inclines 5 times.Clean microballoon is placed in deionized water to preserve at 4 DEG C.

Claims (10)

1. a preparation method for magnetic cellulose-chitosan composite microsphere, is characterized in that: take ionic liquid as solvent, add wherein by Mierocrystalline cellulose and chitosan, and heated and stirred prepares Mierocrystalline cellulose-chitosan/ionic liquid solution; And add magnetic inorganic particle mechanical stirring in backward Mierocrystalline cellulose-chitosan/ionic liquid solution and make it be uniformly dispersed; After mixing, magnetic cellulose-chitosan/ionic liquid composite solution is scattered in the organic solution containing emulsifying agent, after mechanical stirring is separated into uniform microballoon to it, adds solidifying agent and make microballoon shaping, be separated and namely obtain magnetic composite microsphere; Described ionic liquid and cellulosic weight ratio are 10 ~ 100:1; The weight ratio of ionic liquid and chitosan is 20 ~ 100:1; The weight ratio of Mierocrystalline cellulose and chitosan is 0.1 ~ 10:1;
Described emulsifying agent is one or more in polyoxyethylene oleic acid ester, polyoxyethylene stearic acid ester, polyoxylethylene abietate, Viscotrol C ethylene oxide adduct and derivative thereof, sorbitan fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester ethylene oxide adduct, two Polyglycerine and fatty acid ester, Glycerol dimer polypropylene glycol ether, glycerin polyoxyethylene ether polyoxypropylene ether fatty acid ester, and its emulsifying agent add-on is the 0.1-50% of ionic liquid quality; During combination, the consumption of various emulsifying agent accounts for 1 ~ 90wt% of total emulsifiers consumption, and described organic solvent is silicone oil, one or more in vacuum pump oil, peanut oil, mineral oil, paraffin oil, polyoxyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol; Wherein, organic solvent addition is 1 ~ 20 times of ionic liquid volume, and during combination, the consumption of various organic solvent accounts for 1 ~ 90wt% of total organic solvent consumption.
2., by the preparation method of magnetic cellulose-chitosan composite microsphere according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described shaping rear microballoon carries out separation with the effect of externally-applied magnetic field and obtains magnetic composite microsphere in washing process.
3., by the preparation method of magnetic cellulose-chitosan composite microsphere according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described ionic liquid cationic is respectively:
Wherein R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4, R 5, R 6for identical or different, be selected from H, carbonatoms is alkane, alkene, alcohols, lipid or fragrant same clan group between 1 ~ 20;
Negatively charged ion is: Cl -, Br -, BF 4 -, HSO 4 -, NO 3 -, PF 6 -, CH 3cOO -, SCN -in one or more.
4. by the preparation method of magnetic cellulose-chitosan composite microsphere according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described ionic liquid is the imidazoles containing different side chain carbon number, pyridines, quaternary ammonium salt, one or more combination in the derivative of quaternary phosphonium ionic liquid, N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide compound (NMMO), N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide compound; During combination, the consumption of various material accounts for 10 ~ 90wt% of ionic liquid total amount.
5., by the preparation method of magnetic cellulose-chitosan composite microsphere according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described ionic liquid is 1-butyl-3-Methylimidazole villaumite or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate.
6. by the preparation method of magnetic cellulose-chitosan composite microsphere according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Mierocrystalline cellulose is one or more in Microcrystalline Cellulose, cotton fibre, the paper pulp dregs of rice, wood pulps, during combination, various cellulosic consumption accounts for 10 ~ 90wt% of total fiber element consumption.
7. by the preparation method of magnetic cellulose-chitosan composite microsphere according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: take ionic liquid as solvent, Mierocrystalline cellulose and chitosan are added wherein, at 20 ~ 180 DEG C of solvent temperatures, 0.1 ~ 10Mpa dissolved under pressure, 0.1 ~ 30h, stir speed (S.S.) is 100 ~ 10000rpm, obtained Mierocrystalline cellulose-chitosan/ionic liquid solution.
8. by the preparation method of magnetic cellulose-chitosan composite microsphere according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described magnetic inorganic particle is iron, cobalt, nickel metallic monomer, iron, one or more combination in cobalt or nickel metallic monomer oxide compound, the add-on of magnetic inorganic particle is 0.1 ~ 50wt% of ionic liquid consumption, and during combination, the consumption of various magnetic inorganic particle accounts for 10 ~ 80wt% of total magnetic inorganic particle consumption.
9., by the preparation method of magnetic cellulose-chitosan composite microsphere according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described emulsifying agent sorbitan fatty acid ester, organic solvent is vacuum pump oil.
10., by the preparation method of magnetic cellulose-chitosan composite microsphere according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described solidifying agent is one or more in deionized water, methyl alcohol, ethanol, acetone, wherein hardener dose is 1 ~ 20 times of ionic liquid volume; During combination, the consumption of various solidifying agent accounts for 1 ~ 90wt% of total hardener dose.
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