Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: provide a kind of product yield height, speed of response is fast, energy consumption is low, product separates purifies easily, the method for with low cost, the simple ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether acetate of technology.Another kind of product of the present invention is important common solvent sec-butyl alcohol in addition, makes that the product among the present invention all is to use needed product, product utilization rate height, few, the environmental protection of the three wastes.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of preparation method of ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether acetate is raw material with sec-butyl acetate and ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether, carries out transesterification reaction and be prepared into ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether acetate in the presence of solid base catalyst, specifically may further comprise the steps:
1) preliminary transesterification reaction: under the solid base catalyst existence condition, sec-butyl acetate and ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether carry out initial transesterification reaction, wherein, the mol ratio of solid base catalyst, ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether, sec-butyl acetate is 0.01~0.08: 1: 0.9~1.5, this step reaction response temperature is 90~140 ℃, and the reaction times is 2~15h;
2) break the transesterify chemical reaction equilibrium: finish 1) maintain the temperature at 90~140 ℃ after the step, distill out the sec-butyl alcohol that generates in the step 1), detect the amount of the sec-butyl acetate that contains in the mixture that distills out in batches, and in former reaction system, add sec-butyl acetate, the amount of substance of the sec-butyl acetate of at every turn adding is 1~4 times of the amount of substance of the sec-butyl acetate that at every turn distills out, and the time that this step continues is 7~15h;
3) latter stage transesterification reaction: in step 2) in add for the last time add sec-butyl acetate after, keep 90~140 ℃ and proceed transesterification reaction 1~6h;
4) separation of glycol product monoalky lether acetic ester is purified: the ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether acetate that the mixture rectification and purification in the reaction vessel is obtained needs;
Preferably, further comprising the steps of: the mixture that contains sec-butyl alcohol that distills out the separation purification of product sec-butyl alcohol: to step 2) carries out rectification and purification and obtains sec-butyl alcohol.
Preferably, described ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether is the glycol monomethyl aliphatic ether.
Preferably, described glycol monomethyl aliphatic ether is a kind of in the following compounds: ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, butyl glycol ether.
Preferably, described solid base catalyst is KOH, K
2CO
3, NaOH, Na
2CO
3, CH
3ONa, C
2H
5The combination of one or more among the ONa.
Preferably, described solid base catalyst is K
2CO
3
Preferably, the mol ratio of solid base catalyst, ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether, sec-butyl acetate is 0.02: 1: 1.
Preferably, the described preliminary transesterification reaction time is 5~7h, and temperature is 110~120 ℃.
Preferably, describedly break that temperature is 110~120 ℃ in the transesterify chemical reaction equilibrium step, the amount of substance of the sec-butyl acetate of adding is 2 times of the amount of substances of the sec-butyl acetate that distills out.
Preferably, the reaction times of described last transesterification reaction is 2~3h, and temperature of reaction is 110~120 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention adopts sec-butyl acetate and ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether to carry out transesterification reaction under the effect of solid base catalyst and obtains ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether acetate and sec-butyl alcohol, uses sec-butyl acetate to replace ethyl acetate in traditional ester-interchange method as raw material.Make the present invention and can also obtain another important solvent sec-butyl alcohol commonly used the ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether acetate except obtaining, with respect to the secondary butyl ester of raw acetic acid and ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether, the value height of product, product of the present invention all is to use required product, make product utilization rate height, the combined coefficient height, few, the environmental protection of the three wastes.The raw material of sec-butyl alcohol and reaction and the few azeotropic of glycol product monoalky lether acetic ester among the present invention make the separation of product purify easily in addition.In the synthesis technique of the present invention, by distilling out product sec-butyl alcohol and hand in the chemical equilibrium that the reactant sec-butyl acetate is broken transesterification reaction retroactively, make the product yield height, and temperature of reaction and reaction times control is rationally among the present invention, technology is simple, and speed of response is fast, energy consumption is low.At last, the cheap and recyclable utilization of catalyzer in the synthetic method of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further elaborated below by concrete embodiment.
Embodiment one
(1) preliminary transesterification reaction:
339g (4.45mol) ethylene glycol monomethyl ether is added in the four-hole boiling flask of band separator column, reflux exchanger, thermometer, add 10g (0.072mol) K
2CO
3, add 517g (4.45mol) sec-butyl acetate, temperature is elevated to 110 ℃ of reaction 7h, in the reaction process, the temperature control of reflux exchanger backflow capital is below 100 ℃.
(2) break the transesterification reaction chemical equilibrium
After the previous step reaction is finished, maintain the temperature at 110 ℃, the sec-butyl alcohol that produces is steamed (wherein containing a spot of sec-butyl acetate and ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate), the content of sec-butyl acetate in the mixture that every interval 2h steams by gas chromatographic analysis, calculate the amount of the sec-butyl acetate that this section steam in the timed interval, and in reaction system, add sec-butyl acetate, the amount of the sec-butyl acetate of at every turn adding is 2 times of amount of the sec-butyl acetate that steams.This distills out sec-butyl alcohol, and to add the time that the process of sec-butyl acetate continues be 8h, adds sec-butyl acetate 210g (1.80mol) altogether, output sec-butyl alcohol mixed solution 555g.
(3) latter stage, transesterification reaction and product oxalic acid methyl ether acetate were purified
Continue after in step (2), adding sec-butyl acetate for the last time under 110 ℃ of temperature, to carry out transesterification reaction 2h.Be oxalic acid methyl ether acetate and a small amount of sec-butyl acetate of not participating in reaction this moment in the flask, and it is carried out rectifying, and rectification temperature is 125~135 ℃, can obtain oxalic acid methyl ether acetate product, and product advances the finished product jar.
(4) separation of product sec-butyl alcohol is purified
The made crude secbutyl alcohol of step (2) is carried out rectifying separation, but the sale of isolated sec-butyl alcohol finished product, and the secondary butyl ester that contains a small amount of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether that obtains carries out the recycle reaction.
Wherein, sec-butyl alcohol-sec-butyl acetate knockout tower: be a diameter 300mm from tower, the packing tower of high 16000mm, interior dress structured packing, number of theoretical plate is 100.Sec-butyl alcohol-sec-butyl acetate mixed solution directly enters the middle and lower part of knockout tower, the tower reactor reboiler provides by outer heat and separates whole energy, trim the top of column is than 5,105~110 ℃ of tower top temperatures, 120~125 ℃ of tower reactor temperature, working pressure is normal pressure, through gas chromatographic analysis, cat head can obtain the sec-butyl alcohol of purity 99.1%, and it is 98% that tower reactor can obtain sec-butyl acetate purity, the mixture of sec-butyl alcohol 2%.
(5) product purity analysis
Product purity adopts vapor-phase chromatography to detect:
Testing conditions is: Agilent 7820A, capillary chromatographic column, fid detector, 300 ℃ of injector temperatures, 325 ℃ of the highest column temperatures, 300 ℃ of detected temperatures, H
2Flow: 30mL/min, air flow quantity: 300mL/min, N
2Flow: 25mL/min.
After testing, the purity of product ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate is 97.8%, and the purity of sec-butyl alcohol is: 99.1%.
Embodiment two
(1) preliminary transesterification reaction:
With 185kg (2431mol) ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, 6.5kg (47mol) K
2CO
3And 304kg (2617mol) 2-butyl acetate adds the 1m of band separator column, reflux exchanger, thermometer
3In the stainless steel cauldron, start whipping appts and heating unit, in 3 hours temperature is elevated to 120 ℃, and keep 120 ℃ to react 5h down,, to guarantee the material in reactor temperature in the ester-exchange reaction less than 125 ℃, the top temperature of reflux exchanger reflux column is less than 100 ℃.
(2) break the transesterification reaction chemical equilibrium
This step is similar to a kind of step of embodiment (2), wherein the additional amount of 2-butyl acetate is 1.2 times of its amount of steaming, add in the process of 2-butyl acetate at the whole sec-butyl alcohol that steams, the temperature of material in reactor remains on 120 ℃, the top temperature of reflux column is less than 100 ℃, this process continues 10 hours, adds 2-butyl acetate 208kg (1791mol) altogether.
(3) latter stage, transesterification reaction and product oxalic acid methyl ether acetate were purified
Continue add 2-butyl acetate for the last time in step (2) after to keep 120 ℃ of transesterification reactions 3 hours, in whole process, the top temperature of reflux column is less than 100 ℃.Be oxalic acid methyl ether acetate and a small amount of sec-butyl acetate of not participating in reaction this moment in the flask, and it is carried out rectifying, and rectification temperature is 125~135 ℃, and the top temperature of reflux column can obtain oxalic acid methyl ether acetate product less than 100 ℃, and product advances the finished product jar.
(4) sec-butyl alcohol-2-butyl acetate separates:
With the step in the example one (4);
(5) analysis of product purity:
With the step in the example one (5), after testing, the purity of product glycol methyl ether acetate is 99.3%, and the purity of sec-butyl alcohol is 99.1%.
Example three
(1) preliminary transesterification reaction
1.11 tons of (14.6kmol) ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, 0.006 ton of (0.15kmol) NaOH and 1.8 tons of (15.5kmol) 2-butyl acetates are added the 6m that is with separator column, reflux exchanger, thermometer
3In the stainless steel cauldron, start whipping appts and heating unit, in the 5h temperature is elevated to 100 ℃, and in 100 ℃ of transesterification reactions, reaction times 12h.
(2) break the transesterification reaction chemical equilibrium
This step is similar to a kind of step of embodiment (2), wherein the additional amount of each 2-butyl acetate is 3 times of its amount of steaming, add in the process of 2-butyl acetate at the whole sec-butyl alcohol that steams, the temperature of material in reactor remains on 100 ℃, this process continues 20h, adds 1.2 tons of 2-butyl acetates (10.3kmol) altogether.
(3) latter stage, transesterification reaction and product oxalic acid methyl ether acetate were purified
Continue to keep 100 ℃ of transesterification reaction 6h after in step (2), adding 2-butyl acetate for the last time.Be oxalic acid methyl ether acetate and a small amount of sec-butyl acetate of not participating in reaction this moment in the flask, and it is carried out rectifying, and rectification temperature is 125~135 ℃, can obtain oxalic acid methyl ether acetate product, and product advances the finished product jar.
(4) sec-butyl alcohol and secondary butyl ester separates
With the step among the embodiment one (4).
(5) analysis of product purity
With the step among the embodiment one (5).
Detect through chromatogram, the purity of product glycol methyl ether acetate is 99.4%, and the purity of sec-butyl alcohol is 99.1%.
Embodiment four
(1) preliminary transesterification reaction
With 285g (3.16mol) ethylene glycol ethyl ether, 2.9g (0.043mol) C
2H
5ONa and 522g (4.49mol) 2-butyl acetate adds in the four-hole boiling flask of band separator column, reflux exchanger, thermometer, starts stirring, slowly heats up after half an hour, and temperature is elevated to 130 ℃ of reaction 3h.
(2) break the transesterification reaction chemical equilibrium
This step is similar to a kind of step of embodiment (2), wherein the additional amount of each 2-butyl acetate is 4 times of its amount of steaming, add in the process of 2-butyl acetate at the whole sec-butyl alcohol that steams, the temperature of material in reactor remains on 130 ℃, this process continues 10h, add 2-butyl acetate 197g (1.70mol) altogether, output sec-butyl alcohol mixed solution 372g.
(3) latter stage, transesterification reaction and product oxalic acid methyl ether acetate were purified
Continue to keep 130 ℃ of transesterification reaction 2h after in step (2), adding 2-butyl acetate for the last time.Be oxalic acid methyl ether acetate and a small amount of sec-butyl acetate of not participating in reaction this moment in the flask, and it is carried out rectifying, and rectification temperature is 130~140 ℃, can obtain oxalic acid methyl ether acetate product, and product advances the finished product jar.
(4) sec-butyl alcohol-2-butyl acetate separates:
With the step among the embodiment one (4).
(5) analysis of product purity
With the step among the embodiment one (5), after testing, the purity of product ethylene glycol ether acetate is 96.8%, and the purity of sec-butyl alcohol is 99.1%.
Embodiment five
(1) preliminary transesterification reaction
With 49kg (544mol) ethylene glycol ethyl ether, 1.5kg K
2CO
3(10.8mol) and 60kg (516mol) 2-butyl acetate add the 150L stainless steel cauldron of band separator column, reflux exchanger, thermometer, start stirring, slowly heat up after half an hour, temperature is elevated to 110 ℃ of reaction 4h.
(2) break the transesterification reaction chemical equilibrium
This step is similar to a kind of step of embodiment (2), wherein the additional amount of each 2-butyl acetate is 2 times of its amount of steaming, add in the process of 2-butyl acetate at the whole sec-butyl alcohol that steams, the temperature of material in reactor remains on 110 ℃, this process continues 10h, adds 2-butyl acetate 40kg (344mo1) altogether.
(3) latter stage, transesterification reaction and product oxalic acid methyl ether acetate were purified
Continue after in step (2), adding sec-butyl acetate for the last time under 110 ℃ of temperature, to carry out transesterification reaction 3h.Be oxalic acid methyl ether acetate and a small amount of sec-butyl acetate of not participating in reaction this moment in the flask, and it is carried out rectifying, and rectification temperature is 130~140 ℃, can obtain oxalic acid methyl ether acetate product, and product advances the finished product jar.
(4) sec-butyl alcohol-2-butyl acetate separates
With the step among the embodiment one (4).
(5) analysis of product purity
With the step among the embodiment one (5), after testing, the purity of product ethylene glycol ether acetate is 98.8%, and the purity of sec-butyl alcohol is: 99.1%.
Embodiment six
(1) initial transesterification reaction:
With 1.4 tons of (15.5kmol) ethylene glycol ethyl ethers, 50kg K
2CO
3(0.36kmol) add the 6m that is with separator column, reflux exchanger, thermometer with 1.8 tons of (15.5kmol) 2-butyl acetates
3Stainless steel cauldron starts stirring, slowly heats up after half an hour, temperature is elevated to 115 ℃ reacts 5h.
(2) break the transesterification reaction chemical equilibrium
This step is similar to a kind of step of embodiment (2), wherein the additional amount of each 2-butyl acetate is 2 times of its amount of steaming, add in the process of 2-butyl acetate at the whole sec-butyl alcohol that steams, the temperature of material in reactor remains on 114 ℃, this process continues 14h, adds 2-butyl acetate 1400kg (12kmol) altogether.
(3) latter stage, transesterification reaction and product oxalic acid methyl ether acetate were purified
Change under 120 ℃ of temperature after in step (2), adding sec-butyl acetate for the last time and carry out transesterification reaction 5h.Be oxalic acid methyl ether acetate and a small amount of sec-butyl acetate of not participating in reaction this moment in the flask, and it is carried out rectifying, and rectification temperature is 130~140 ℃, can obtain oxalic acid methyl ether acetate product, and product advances the finished product jar.
(4) sec-butyl alcohol-2-butyl acetate separates:
With the step among the embodiment one (4).
(5) analysis of product purity
With the step among the embodiment one (5), after testing, the purity of product ethylene glycol ether acetate is 99.5%, and the purity of sec-butyl alcohol is: 99.1%.
The equivalence explanation
More than to the clear preparation method's product yield height that ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether acetate of the present invention has been described of specific descriptions of the present invention, speed of response is fast, energy consumption is low, product separates purifies easily, with low cost, technology is simple, product utilization rate advantages of higher.Although specific embodiment here describes in detail, this is only as the explanation of technical solution problem of the present invention, and does not limit claims to the scope of claim of the present invention.Particularly point out, the inventor is through careful consideration, and the replacement that the present invention is different, change do not depart from the defined the connotation and extension of claim of the present invention.