CN103176088A - Method for determining weak electromagnetic coupling paths between multi-frequency interference pairs - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for determining weak electromagnetic coupling paths between multi-frequency interference pairs and belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic compatibility. The method includes: converting electromagnetic coupling relation between interference sources and sensitive bodies in the system into digraphs, evaluating edges coupled with the digraphs at different frequency points by means of simulation and test, searching for weak coupling paths of each pair of interference sources and sensitive bodies at corresponding frequency points from a plurality of electromagnetic interference coupling digraphs through a shortest-path tracking method, sequencing peaks of all the weak paths according to times of the peaks appearing on weak links, and rectifying coupling channels on interference links according to the sequence. Therefore, repair and reinforcing of system electromagnetic compatibility faults are realized efficiently and accurately, the problem about electromagnetic compatibility can be solved accurately and effectively by low cost, and the method has great guidance significance in reinforcement and rectifying of the system electromagnetic compatibility.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the electromagnetic compatibility technology field, relate to a kind of method of seeking the weak passage of electromagnetic compatibility coupling between disturbing pair, or rather, being a kind of interference source disturbs definite method in the electromagnetic coupled weak path of sensitive body at a plurality of frequencies.
Background technology
In the work of electronic system, the mode that the electromagnetic interference (EMI) that a certain equipment produces can be launched by conduction (CE) and radiation-emitting (RE) is coupled on another equipment, causes the decline of another equipment performance, even can't work.Along with integrated degree and the complicacy of electronic system increases day by day, the electromagnetic coupled relation between jamming equipment and sensitive equipment is also increasingly sophisticated, and undesired signal can arrive sensitive body and sensitive body is produced by many coupling paths and disturb.Along with the raising of integrated degree, the sensitive equipment in individual system may be subject to single or multiple equipment simultaneously in the interference at different frequent points place.Seek out interference source and sensitive body in the interference and coupling weak link at different frequent points place in system, rectification and the reinforcing of system's electromagnetic compatibility problem had important directive significance.
Summary of the invention
in electromagnetic Compatibility Design and the rectification stage of electronic system, for can be quick, accurately, effectively realize the reinforcing of system EMC fault or hidden danger, the present invention is by being digraph with the electromagnetic coupled transformation between interference source in system and sensitive body, and the method for using emulation and test is carried out assignment at the different frequent points place to the limit of coupling digraph, then the method that adopts shortest path to track to a plurality of electromagnetic interference (EMI) coupling digraphs, therefrom seek out every pair of interference source and sensitive body at the weak coupling path at corresponding interference frequency place, sorted according to the number of times that occurs on weak link in the summit on all weak paths at last, last order according to sequence realizes the rectification to the interference and coupling path.Use multifrequency disturb pair between definite method in electromagnetic coupled weak path can realize a certain weak coupled section is rectified and improved, solve easily a plurality of frequencies, the right electromagnetic interference problem of a plurality of interference, thereby realized efficiently, accurately reparation and the reinforcing of system EMC fault.
The present invention is digraph by the electromagnetic coupled transformation between disturbing pair, and repeatedly adopt shortest path to track and seek weak path, finally obtain rectifying and improving link and crucial rectification point, solved and rely on experience pointwise investigation specific aim not strong in the past, the problem that wastes time and energy.The content that the method is sought crucial rectification point comprises the following steps:
The first step: in the situation that interference source and sensitive body are known, according to circuit theory diagrams and the fundamental diagram of system, intrasystem interference and coupling passage is classified, obtain in system the electromagnetic interference (EMI) coupling network between disturbing pair;
Second step: the electromagnetic interference (EMI) coupling network that the first step is obtained converts electromagnetic interference (EMI) coupling digraph (abbreviation digraph) to;
The 3rd step: digraph is simplified according to the degree on digraph summit and the branch of digraph;
The 4th step: digraph is carried out assignment, obtain a plurality of assignment coupling digraphs.
The 5th step: adopt dijkstra's algorithm determine digraph at interference source under the disturbance frequency condition to the shortest coupling path between sensitive body.
The 6th step: the shortest described coupling path is rectified and improved and reinforced, be specially:
(1) sorted according to the number of times that the summit occurs in the summit except interference source and sensitive body on all the shortest coupling paths;
(2) occurrence number maximum summit is rectified and improved and reinforced, and remove the shortest coupling path at rectification place, summit;
(3) judge the occurrence several the summit whether in remaining shortest path, if the shortest coupling path at this place, summit is being rectified and improved and removed to this point.If do not considering next summit.Until all the shortest coupling paths are are all once rectified and improved and reinforce.
In the 7th step, repeated for the 4th the～the six step of step, until the electromagnetic interference (EMI) coupling meets the requirements.
The multiplicity that the present invention is based on interference source and sensitive body summit on the weak path of coupling, respective frequencies place sorts, thereby determines the rectification point of electromagnetic coupled passage, and its advantage is:
(1) for the electromagnetic compatibility interference problem of electric room, seek out the weak path that different frequent points disturbs transmission in the electromagnetic interference (EMI) coupling network, the rectification of system EMC is had more specific aim.
(2) by the electromagnetic coupled transformation is the coupling digraph, seek out the weak coupling path of each frequency in the coupling digraph, and emphasis rectifies and improves and reinforces from the key point on weak path, can low-cost, accurate and effective solution electromagnetic compatibility problem.
(3) by the summit of each frequency electromagnetism weak link being sorted to determine the rectification point, reinforcing and the rectification of system EMC had important directive significance.
Description of drawings
Definite method flow diagram in the weak path of electromagnetic coupled between Fig. 1 multifrequency provided by the invention is disturbed pair;
Electromagnetic coupled digraph schematic diagram between Fig. 2 multifrequency is disturbed pair;
The shortest coupling path between Fig. 3 different frequent points disturbs pair;
The abbreviation of electromagnetic coupled digraph between Fig. 4 multifrequency is disturbed pair;
Certain System Working Principle figure in Fig. 5 embodiment;
The electromagnetic interference (EMI) of certain system coupling digraph in Fig. 6 embodiment.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
In electronic equipment troubleshooting and rectification in the past, the method for often investigating by pointwise realizes the location of equipment failure, then takes corresponding electromagnetic compatibility measures to rectify and reform, thereby realizes the reinforcing of installation electromagnetical compatibility.But traditional method often can not find the weak link of electromagnetic interference (EMI), usually take the measure of electromagnetic reinforcement at non-staple coupling path, so not only consuming time, consumption power, consumption wealth, also cause equipment electromagnetic compatibility mal function easily to occur in operational phase, be difficult to safeguard with antijamming capability a little less than problem.Adopt multifrequency to disturb the electromagnetic compatibility strengthening of definite method in electromagnetic coupled weak path being realized system, can locate exactly the interference source of different frequency and the main electromagnetic interference (EMI) coupling channel between sensitive body, simultaneously the emc issue of a plurality of frequencies of resolution system.The main path of clear and definite electromagnetic interference (EMI) coupling has great importance to the investigation of electromagnetism fault and the maintenance of installation electromagnetical compatibility.
The loss that the right coupling network of single interference may comprise in the process that the interfering energy of certain frequency is being transmitted has: filter loss L
f, cable waste L
l, A is coupled between cable
l, antenna-hole coupling A
tl, antenna-hole slot coupling A
ta, A is coupled between antenna
trDeng, each waste is represented with dB, the total losses amount of this link on this frequency is:
L=L
f+L
l+A
l+A
tl+A
ta+A
tr
When certain coupling path is the path of all path interfering energy loss minimums in coupling network, namely the shortest path in the coupling digraph of interfering energy from the interference source to the sensitive body, to the key equipment on this path take the electromagnetic compatibility measure effectively resolution system in the electromagnetic compatibility problem of this interference frequency.It is right to disturb for multifrequency, the interference of different frequency between all have an electromagnetic coupled weak link, by every pair of coupling weak link is rectified and improved, design and the maintenance particularly the repetition thin spot on each weak link rectified and improved electronic apparatus system have important directive significance.Multifrequency provided by the invention is disturbed to the flow process of definite method in electromagnetic coupled weak path as shown in Figure 1, mainly comprises the following steps:
The first step: according to the fundamental diagram of electronic system, interference and coupling passage in system is classified, obtain intrasystem electromagnetic interference (EMI) coupling network;
In " Electro Magnetic Compatibility Engineering Design Manual " the 56th page, Fig. 3-1-3 has represented the interference and coupling relation of internal system, and intrasystem electromagnetic interference (EMI) circulation way mainly is divided into: antenna-antenna, antenna-cable, casing-casing, line-line, impedance six classes altogether.In the fundamental diagram and circuit theory diagrams of system, sorting technique according to the electromagnetic interference (EMI) propagation, find out possible interference and coupling path from the fundamental diagram of system, and according to shown in Fig. 3-1-3, draw the internal system interference source to the coupling network figure of sensitive body.
Second step: obtain in the first step on the basis of coupling network, coupling network to be converted into digraph.Concrete step of converting is:
(1) device port in coupling network is mapped as one by one the summit of digraph.
(2) coupled relation and the Energy Transfer direction according to coupling network couples together each summit, and in the direction of propagation of digraph acceptance of the bid clear signal.Thereby realized the conversion of system, coupled network chart to digraph.
Many interference and coupling digraph of certain system as shown in Figure 2, wherein the label on each summit represents the port label of each equipment in electronic system.Two starting points (node 1 and node 6) and two terminal points (node 15 and node 16) are arranged in this coupling digraph, namely be illustrated in two interference sources are arranged in electronic system (node 1 and node 6) and two sensitive body (node 15 and node 16).
The 3rd step: calculate the degree on each summit in digraph according to the knowledge of graph theory, and mark the branch of digraph, realize the simplification of digraph according to the branch of the degree on summit and digraph, specifically simplify step and be:
(1) in the deletion digraph, Vertex Degree is 0 summit, i.e. do not disturb any other equipment in removal system, also can be by the equipment that other equipment disturbed, and as shown in Fig. 3 a, the node A4 that is not connected with any node in deletion figure; Wherein node A1 is interference source, and node A3 is sensitive body.
(2) in the deletion digraph with source point and the disconnected subgraph of terminal point, i.e. the equipment that in removal system, interfering energy is not passed through, as shown in Fig. 3 b, in deletion figure by Node B 4, the subgraph that does not participate in the interfering energy transmission that B7, B8 form; Wherein Node B 1, and Node B 9 is interference source, and Node B 3 is sensitive body.
(3) summit of branch in the deletion digraph, i.e. the equipment to the sensitive body path at interference source not in removal system, as shown in Fig. 3 c, the node C7 in deletion figure; Node C1 wherein, node C4 is interference source, node C3 is sensitive body.
The 4th step: utilize the method for emulation and test to obtain between each device port of system interference loss amount at disturbance frequency place, and with waste, digraph is carried out assignment.
In the electromagnetic interference (EMI) coupling network, the electromagnetic interference (EMI) waste under frequency f is L to port j to establish port i
ij, in corresponding digraph, summit i is just L to the numerical value on the limit of j
ij, and direction is i → j.Waste L wherein
ijCan adopt the method for emulation or test to obtain; For electromagnetic wave at Space Coupling (antenna-antenna, antenna-cable, casing-casing, line-line) waste can adopt electromagnetic field simulation software FEKO to set up corresponding model and calculate isolation between device port, thereby obtains the electromagnetic wave waste between any two ports; Loss on the system works link can be used ADS software to set up corresponding circuit simulation model and draw the damping capacity of undesired signal on active link for undesired signal.Test can adopt the instruments such as vector network analyzer, test receiver to obtain waste between port.Set up by emulation and test the assignment digraph that each disturbs the frequency place.
The 5th step: the shortest path based on dijkstra's algorithm (Dijkstras) tracks, seek out in digraph every pair of interference between shortest path.The shortest passage of length so-called shortest path refers to seek in digraph from a summit to the path on another summit.Wherein passage length be in the assignment digraph summit to another summit coupling path related limit and.
If D=＜V, A＞be the digraph with assignment, wherein V represents vertex set, A represents the limit collection, to each limit a=＜v of D
i, v
j＞all specify the power of a real number
V wherein
i, v
jI and j summit of expression digraph,＜v
i, v
j＞expression vertex v
iV to the limit
jThe limit,
The numerical value of expression limit a.If
Order
In the digraph D with assignment, a given node v who is called initial point
sWith a node v who is called terminal point
j, P (v
j) be from v
sTo v
jPath in the path of length minimum, and claim P (v
j) numerical value be from v
sTo v
jDistance, be expressed as P (v
j)=d (v
s, v
j).T (v) represents that any one node v is to the upper bound of the distance of node vs, λ (v
j) represent from v
sTo v
jShortest path on v
jThe subscript of previous point.S
iExpression proceeds to i during the step, by the set on the summit of label.
Dijkstra is the shortest, and the Algorithm for Solving step that tracks is as follows:
(1) beginning (i=0) makes S
0={ v
s, P (v
s)=0, λ (v
s)=0 is to each v ≠ v
s, make T (v)=+ ∞, make k=s; K represents the summit value of last shortest path;
(2) if S
i=V seeks completely, and algorithm stops, at this moment, and to each v ∈ S
i, d (v
s, v)=P (v); Carry out iterative computation otherwise change (3) over to, v represents any one summit of digraph;
(3) examine or check each and make (v
s, v
j) ∈ A and
Some v
j
If T is (v
j)＞P (v
k)+w
kj, T (v
j) be revised as P (v
k)+w
kj, λ (v
j) be revised as k; Otherwise change (4) over to;
(4) order
Represent i during the step, to v
jBee-line.
If
The T label become the P label
Order
I is changed into i+1, change (2) over to; Otherwise stop, at this moment to each v ∈ S
i, d (v
s, v)=P (v), and to each
d(v
s, v)=T (v) obtains shortest path.
When iteration stopped, λ (v) value according to each point just can obtain from initial point v
sTo terminal point v
jShortest path, wherein P has preserved the numerical value of shortest path.
Use successively dijkstra's algorithm to determine that in each assignment digraph, interference source is to the shortest path between sensitive body.Digraph shown in Fig. 2 obtains shortest path as shown in Figure 4 at different frequency point place, wherein node 1 and node 6 expression interference sources, node 15 and node 16 expression sensitive body.In Fig. 4, the coupling path of all kinds of line styles represents the shortest coupling path under different frequency conditions.Wherein the shortest coupling path has: interference source 1 is in frequency f
1Under condition to the shortest coupling path (as shown in Fig. 4 solid line) of sensitive body 15 and sensitive body 16; Interference source 1 is in frequency f
2Under condition to the shortest coupling path (as shown in Fig. 4 pecked line) of sensitive body 16; Interference source 6 is in frequency f
3Under condition to the shortest coupling path (as shown in dotted line as long in Fig. 4) of sensitive body 15; Interference source 6 is in frequency f
4Under condition to the shortest coupling path (as shown in Fig. 4 point straight line) of sensitive body 16.
The 6th step: the shortest described coupling path is rectified and improved and reinforced, be specially:
(1) sorted according to the number of times that the summit occurs in the summit except interference source and sensitive body on all the shortest coupling paths;
(2) occurrence number maximum summit is rectified and improved and reinforced, and remove the shortest coupling path at rectification place, summit;
(3) judge the occurrence several the summit whether in remaining shortest path, if the shortest coupling path at this place, summit is being rectified and improved and removed to this point.If do not considering next summit.Until all the shortest coupling paths are are all once rectified and improved and reinforce.
The 7th step, by adopting the electromagnetic compatibility measures such as shielding, ground connection, filtering, after the key point of the enterprising line ordering in the electromagnetic interference (EMI) weak path of coupling is rectified and improved and is reinforced, carry out again judging whether system satisfies the interference and coupling requirement, do not adopt the method that the present invention proposes to continue to seek shortest path if do not satisfy, repeated for the 4th the～the six step of step, until the electromagnetic interference (EMI) coupling meets the requirements.
Embodiment
When being carried out united test, certain aircraft electronic system finds that fuel level gauge is subject to the interference of short-wave radio set and fire control system, find that by analysis short-wave radio set has two frequencies to produce interference to fuel level gauge, and fire control system also has two frequencies to produce interference to fuel level gauge, and four frequencies are mutually internally inconsistent.
The fundamental diagram of short-wave radio set, fire control system, fuel level gauge by disturbing the possible link of fuel level gauge to analyze to fire control system and short-wave radio set, can obtain following main interference path as shown in Figure 5:
1) spurious signal of fire control system is crosstalked by power lead and is entered utility power fuel level gauge has been produced interference;
2) spurious signal of fire control system has produced interference by the coupling between cable to fuel level gauge;
3) coupling between the undesired signal of short-wave radio set is stitched by the hole has produced interference to fuel level gauge;
4) undesired signal of short-wave radio set is crosstalked by power lead and is entered utility power fuel level gauge has been produced interference;
5) undesired signal of short-wave radio set has produced interference by the coupling between antenna and hole seam to fuel level gauge;
6) undesired signal of short-wave radio set has produced interference by the coupling of antenna and cable C to fuel level gauge;
7) undesired signal of short-wave radio set has produced interference by the coupling of antenna and power lead to fuel level gauge;
Wherein the implication of the numeral in the electromagnetic coupled network is: D1: the connectivity port of fire control and cable A; D2: the connectivity port of fire control and power lead A; D3: the port that power supply A is connected with power lead A; D4: the connectivity port of power supply A and general supply line; D5: the connectivity port of power supply B and general supply line; D6: the connectivity port of power supply B and power lead B; D7: the connectivity port of short-wave radio set and power lead B; D8: the connectivity port of cable B and short-wave radio set; D9: the connectivity port of cable B and antenna; D10: the connectivity port of power supply C and general supply line; D11: the connectivity port of power lead C and power supply C; D12: the connectivity port of fuel level gauge and power lead C; D13: the connectivity port of fuel level gauge and cable C; D14: the hole seam of fuel level gauge; D15: shortwave cabinet hole seam;
The coupling digraph that is formed by Fig. 5 carries out assignment to the limit of coupling digraph by simulation calculation and test as shown in Figure 6 under the different frequency condition.Wherein D16 is the fire control interference source, and D17 is the shortwave interference source, and D18 is the sensitive spot of fuel level gauge.
Because sensitive equipment only has one, simultaneously fuel level gauge is interfered at 4 frequency places, therefore obtains with 4 Dijkstra shortest paths algorithm that tracks the shortest path that interference source under corresponding frequencies arrives sensitive body respectively, and the result of trying to achieve is as follows:
In frequency f
1The place, fire control to the shortest coupling path of fuel level gauge is: D16 → D1 → D13 → D18 (fire control → cable A → cable C → fuel level gauge).
In frequency f
2The place, fire control to the shortest coupling path of fuel level gauge is: D16 → D2 → D3 → D4 → D10 → D13 → D18 (fire control → power lead A → power supply A → general supply → power supply C → power lead C → fuel level gauge).
In frequency f
3The place, shortwave to the shortest coupling path of fuel level gauge is: D17 → D8 → D9 → D13 → D18 (shortwave → cable B → antenna → cable C → fuel level gauge).
In frequency f
4The place, short-wave radio set to the shortest coupling path of fuel level gauge is: D17 → D8 → D9 → D14 → D18 (shortwave → cable B → antenna → fuel level gauge hole seam → fuel level gauge).
In 4 coupling paths the shortest, will according to the occurrence number available order that sorts be except the summit of interference source and sensitive spot: D13, D8, D9, D1, D2, D3, D4, D10, D14; Therefore cable C is the object of rectification and reinforcing, then remains a coupling path the shortest, namely in frequency f
4The shortest coupling path at place is rectified and improved and is reinforced for cable B and antenna that occurrence number is more, realizes all rectification and reinforcings of short coupling path.By taking above-mentioned corresponding measure, make the shield effectiveness of cable C, the attenuation outside a channel of antenna, the attenuation outside a channel of cable B increase, thus the interference weak link of hardened system.
Claims (5)
1. between a multifrequency is disturbed pair, definite method in the weak path of electromagnetic coupled, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
The first step: in the situation that interference source and sensitive body are known, obtain in system the electromagnetic interference (EMI) coupling network between disturbing pair;
Second step: the electromagnetic interference (EMI) coupling network that the first step is obtained converts digraph to;
The 3rd step: digraph is simplified according to the degree on digraph summit and the branch of digraph;
The 4th step: digraph is carried out assignment, obtain a plurality of assignment coupling digraphs;
The 5th the step: determine digraph at interference source under the disturbance frequency condition to the shortest coupling path between sensitive body;
The 6th step: the shortest described coupling path is rectified and improved and reinforced, be specially:
(1) sorted according to the number of times that the summit occurs in the summit except interference source and sensitive body on all the shortest coupling paths;
(2) occurrence number maximum summit is rectified and improved and reinforced, and remove the shortest coupling path at rectification place, summit;
(3) judge the occurrence several the summit whether in remaining shortest path, if the shortest coupling path at this place, summit is being rectified and improved and removed to this point.If do not considering next summit.Until all the shortest coupling paths are are all once rectified and improved and reinforce;
In the 7th step, repeated for the 4th the～the six step of step, until the electromagnetic interference (EMI) coupling meets the requirements.
2. between a kind of multifrequency according to claim 1 is disturbed pair, definite method in the weak path of electromagnetic coupled, is characterized in that, the conversion described in second step is specially:
(1) device port in the electromagnetic interference (EMI) coupling network is mapped as one by one the summit of digraph;
(2) coupled relation and the Energy Transfer direction according to the electromagnetic interference (EMI) coupling network couples together each summit, and in the direction of propagation of digraph acceptance of the bid clear signal, thereby realized the conversion of electromagnetic interference (EMI) coupling network figure to digraph.
3. between a kind of multifrequency according to claim 1 is disturbed pair, definite method in the weak path of electromagnetic coupled, is characterized in that, the simplification of the digraph described in the 3rd step is specifically simplified step and is:
(1) in the deletion digraph, Vertex Degree is 0 summit;
(2) deletion digraph in source point and the disconnected subgraph of terminal point;
(3) summit of branch in the deletion digraph.
4. definite method in the weak path of electromagnetic coupled between a kind of multifrequency according to claim 1 is disturbed pair, it is characterized in that, utilize the method for emulation and test to obtain between each device port of system interfering energy loss value at disturbance frequency place in the 4th step, and with the loss value, digraph is carried out assignment.
5. between a kind of multifrequency according to claim 1 is disturbed pair, definite method in the weak path of electromagnetic coupled, is characterized in that, adopts Dijkstras to carry out the shortest coupling path in the 5th step and track.
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| CN106872831A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-06-20 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Interference source determines method in highly sensitive antenna of receiving device band in microwave load satellite |
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| CN109829867A (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2019-05-31 | 西南石油大学 | It is a kind of to restrain sample block restorative procedure for the spherical shape for stablizing filling |
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| CN112230069A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2021-01-15 | 北京经纬恒润科技股份有限公司 | Integrated circuit electromagnetic interference diagnostic system and method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108474819A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2018-08-31 | 菲尼克斯电气公司 | The method and apparatus of short circuit monitoring for threephase load |
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| CN111289816A (en) * | 2020-02-11 | 2020-06-16 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Test sequencing optimization method and device for multi-terminal direct-current power transmission system |
| CN112230069A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2021-01-15 | 北京经纬恒润科技股份有限公司 | Integrated circuit electromagnetic interference diagnostic system and method |
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