CN103175681A - Testing apparatus for evaluating friction and anti-explosion properties of wheel rails of anti-explosion cranes - Google Patents
Testing apparatus for evaluating friction and anti-explosion properties of wheel rails of anti-explosion cranes Download PDFInfo
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- CN103175681A CN103175681A CN2013100722732A CN201310072273A CN103175681A CN 103175681 A CN103175681 A CN 103175681A CN 2013100722732 A CN2013100722732 A CN 2013100722732A CN 201310072273 A CN201310072273 A CN 201310072273A CN 103175681 A CN103175681 A CN 103175681A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a testing apparatus for evaluating friction and anti-explosion properties of wheel rails of anti-explosion cranes, and is applicable to the field of testing apparatuses for anti-explosion properties. The testing apparatus comprises a sealed case and a wheel rail main body mounted in the case. A transmission portion is arranged in the case, a braking portion is arranged on the outside of the case, the wheel rail main body comprises a center wheel and an annular wheel rail mounted on the periphery of the center wheel, and a driving and loading portion connected with the wheel rail main body is further arranged on the outside of the case. The testing apparatus for evaluating the friction and anti-explosion properties of the wheel rails of the anti-explosion cranes has the advantages that the wheel rail main body in the sealed case can be driven and loaded by the driving and loading portion, interaction between the center wheel and the annular wheel rail can be controlled in a running procedure by means of changing a load, and various working conditions of friction procedures of the wheel rails of the anti-explosion cranes can be simulated, so that tests for the friction and anti-explosion properties of the wheel rails of anti-explosion cranes can be carried out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of explosion-proof test device, particularly relate to a kind of wheel-rail friction explosion-proof performance test unit.
Background technology
Explosion-proof crane all has series of products from little tonnage to large-tonnage, consider for anti-explosion safety, and, there is reciprocal operating condition in the slower explosion-proof crane of travelling speed for common crane.Explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction Study on Problems relates to associated materials, concrete operating condition, actual motion environment, thermodynamic problems, the theory of blast aspect etc.
Explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction thermal source can not be ignored, frictional heat source is excessive may cause combustible gas explosion, domestic considerably less to the research of explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction Explosion-Proof, the explosion-proof performance rig for testing of while for explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction aspect almost do not have.
Summary of the invention
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides a kind of explosion-proof performance test unit that can effectively simulate explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction operating mode.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of test unit for estimating explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction explosion-proof performance, comprise the casing of sealing and be installed on the interior wheel track main part of casing, be provided with running part in casing, casing is provided with brake portion outward, the wheel track main part comprises centre wheel and is installed on the annular wheel track of centre wheel periphery, and casing also is provided with the drive load part that is connected with the wheel track main part outward.
Be further used as the improvement of technical solution of the present invention, annular wheel track comprises that capable assembling is three sections arc tracks of ring-type, and the side to the center of circle on each arc track is provided with rail groove, the outer boss wheel limit that can embed rail groove that is arranged with of centre wheel.
Be further used as the improvement of technical solution of the present invention, between the intrados side of centre wheel and each arc track, pad is provided with some adjustment copper sheets.
Be further used as the improvement of technical solution of the present invention, centre wheel is installed on central shaft, is arranged with bearing seat between centre wheel and central shaft, and temperature sensor is installed in bearing seat.
Be further used as the improvement of technical solution of the present invention, drive load is partly for being arranged on the some hydraulic loaded cylinders outside casing, the other oil motor that also is provided with of hydraulic loaded cylinder.
Be further used as the improvement of technical solution of the present invention, running part comprises some conical gear that are engaged with each other.
Be further used as the improvement of technical solution of the present invention, casing comprises the casing body of sealing and is positioned at the gland bonnet of casing body top, is provided with the hydraulically extensible bar between casing body and gland bonnet, also is provided with the case lid securing member between casing body and gland bonnet.
Be further used as the improvement of technical solution of the present invention, casing is provided with observation window.
Be further used as the improvement of technical solution of the present invention, be provided with fan in casing.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: this test unit that is used for evaluation explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction explosion-proof performance can carry out drive load to the wheel track main part in the casing of sealing by the drive load part, can control centre wheel and the interaction of annular wheel track in operational process by changing heap(ed) capacity, with the various operating modes of simulation explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction process, thereby carry out the test of explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction explosion-proof performance.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is embodiment of the present invention inner structure side schematic view;
Fig. 2 is embodiment of the present invention inner structure vertical view;
Fig. 3 is embodiment of the present invention external structure schematic perspective view;
Fig. 4 is embodiment of the present invention wheel track main part structural representation;
Fig. 5 is embodiment of the present invention arc track structural representation;
Fig. 6 is embodiment of the present invention centre wheel structural representation.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1～Fig. 6, the present invention is a kind of test unit for estimating explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction explosion-proof performance, comprise the casing 1 of sealing and be installed on the interior wheel track main part 2 of casing 1, be provided with running part 4 in casing 1, the outer brake portion 5 that is provided with of casing 1, wheel track main part 2 comprises centre wheel 21 and is installed on the annular wheel track 22 of centre wheel 21 peripheries, the outer drive load part 3 that is connected with wheel track main part 2 that also is provided with of casing 1.
This test unit that is used for evaluation explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction explosion-proof performance can carry out drive load to the wheel track main part 2 in the casing 1 of sealing by drive load part 3, can control centre wheel 21 and the interaction of annular wheel track 22 in operational process by changing heap(ed) capacity, various operating modes with simulation explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction process, as normal rolling, gnaw that rail, original place skid, locking is slided and moved ahead, cross track seam crossing end face impacts, thereby carry out the test of explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction explosion-proof performance.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, annular wheel track 22 comprises that capable assembling is three sections arc tracks 23 of ring-type, and the side to the center of circle on each arc track 23 is provided with rail groove 231, the outer boss wheel limit 211 that can embed rail groove 231 that is arranged with of centre wheel 21.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, between the intrados side of centre wheel 21 and each arc track 23, pad is provided with some adjustment copper sheets 24.
In this explosion-proof performance test unit, the structure of wheel track main part 2 adopts the structure setting of circular orbit for to make annular wheel track 22 circular-arc and to be fixed on centre wheel 21, when having satisfied testing requirements, has saved test space.In addition, by changing 22 thickness of adjusting copper sheet 24 of centre wheel 21 and annular wheel track, make 23 of each section arc tracks produce difference in height, and then realize that the method is easy to operate, and is simply ingenious to the test simulation of the seam crossing of annular wheel track 22.
When adjusting 23 thickness of adjusting copper sheet 24 of centre wheel 21 and arc track, and then when changing the difference in height of 23 of each section arc tracks, arc track 23 can radially slide with respect to centre wheel 21, be provided with some oval-shaped bolts hole on centre wheel 21, make bolt to move in bolt hole with arc track 23, realize bolt when adjusting copper sheet 24 for different-thickness to arc track 23 fixing at centre wheel 21.
When doing experiment, this wheeled rail structure can well replace the effect of on-the-spot track, simultaneously, for explosion-proof crane, the various operating modes that material property, requirement of explosion proof and the explosion-proof crane of the real reaction rail of this wheeled rail structure energy runs into.On project organization, exist rail groove 231 and boss to take turns limit 211, bolted fixing, and radially reinforcing by register pin, therefore this track structure is when simulation explosion-proof crane wheel gnawing rail, have very high strength and stiffness, simultaneously because there is difference of height in the track seam crossing, here the method that adopted pad to adjust copper sheet 24 is simulated, select the adjustment copper sheet 24 of different-thickness, different differences in height can be set, the method is easy to operate, and is simply ingenious, and meets the requirement of explosion-proof occasion.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, centre wheel 21 is installed on central shaft, is arranged with bearing seat between centre wheel 21 and central shaft, and temperature sensor is installed in bearing seat.Temperature between energy Measurement accuracy explosion-proof crane Wheel Rail Contact tread.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, drive load part 3 is for being arranged on the outer some hydraulic loaded cylinders 31 of casing 1, the other oil motor 32 that also is provided with of hydraulic loaded cylinder 31.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, running part 4 comprises some conical gear that are engaged with each other.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, casing 1 comprises the casing body 11 of sealing and is positioned at the gland bonnet 12 of casing body 11 tops, 12 of casing body 11 and gland bonnets are provided with hydraulically extensible bar 13, and 12 of casing body 11 and gland bonnets also are provided with case lid securing member 14.
In this casing 1 and on the outer wall of casing 1, some structural members have been installed, and some structural members that passes casing 1 outer wall, have been passed between the structure of casing 1 outer wall in installation process at these, the O-ring seal that can ensure casing 1 sealing property all has been installed simultaneously.
Casing securing member 14 can ensure the sealing property of 12 of the casing body 11 that forms casing 1 and gland bonnets, can be used for opening or closing gland bonnet 12 by controlling hydraulically extensible bar 13, also can make the gland bonnet 12 on casing 1 stay open state simultaneously.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, casing 1 is provided with observation window 6, the situation of casing 1 interior spark in the Observable operational process.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, be provided with fan 7 in casing 1, can guarantee that gas can evenly distribute in the process of inflating in casing.
This rig for testing can be simulated four kinds of main hazard operating modes in explosion-proof crane wheel track operational process really, belongs at home research and development first.The present invention adopts the wheel track main part 2 of fluid motor-driven explosion-proof crane, and the speed range of adjustment is large, can reach 0～200m/min, adopts hydraulic cylinder to load, and imposed load can reach 18t, also satisfies the request for utilization under explosion-proof environment simultaneously.The present invention adopts the form of rail wheel to replace straight track, can dwindle the space when truly reflecting operating mode, and is easily manufactured, and it is simple in structure, technological requirement meets requirement of explosion proof, simple to operate.
This rig for testing is used for estimating explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction explosion-proof performance, by the motion conditions under four kinds of operating modes of accurate simulation explosion-proof crane wheel track, be respectively gnaw rail, cross the track seam crossing, skid in the original place, locking is slided, can accurately measure the temperature of tread, in order to assess the explosion-proof performance of its wheel-rail friction, this rig for testing can be full of damp, the simulation explosion-proof crane is worked in having the inflammable gas environment, then simulate the situation of the various operating modes of explosion-proof crane, whether produce blast after operation a period of time.
The concrete steps of four kinds of operating modes of simulation explosion-proof crane wheel track are as follows:
cross track seam crossing operating mode: it is to make explosion-proof crane wheel and track seam crossing produce percussive action that simulation explosion-proof crane orbit gap impacts operating mode, difference in height between two tracks of track seam crossing can arrange within the specific limits flexibly, it is to realize by arc track 23 inside surfaces that the rail wheel outsourcing is set that the seam crossing difference in height is set, between arc track 23 inside surfaces and centre wheel 21, there is certain gap junction, the outside, the mode of adjusting copper sheet 24 by plug in this gap realizes interorbital difference in height, difference in height is larger, the speed of explosion-proof crane wheel is faster, the possibility that produces shock spark is larger.
It is as follows that this test unit is simulated this operating mode specific operation process, at first load wheel, make wheel near rail wheel, the size of loading force is wheel weight, then fluid motor-driven rail wheel rotation, at this moment, effect due to friction force, centre wheel 21 and annular wheel track 22 move simultaneously, and wheel can be completed a gap impact at set intervals later on, impact number of times and can select according to the test needs.
Gnaw the rail operating mode: gnaw rail and refer to that the cylindrical of explosion-proof crane centre wheel 21 contacts with the side of annular wheel track 22, relative motion produces the situation of friction.Under this operating mode, friction can produce high temperature, even may produce friction spark.Simulate this operating mode, the explosion-proof crane wheel position is constant, rail wheel moves left and right the generation displacement, in this process and the contact friction of crane wheel inner edge, wherein rail wheel moves left and right by hydraulic cylinder and realizes, the transverse force that applies guarantees to gnaw the rail degree, gnaws simultaneously the rail degree and also measures by displacement, guarantees that displacement is no more than 10mm.
The original place operating mode of skidding: the unloading phase that this operating mode mainly occurring in explosion-proof crane, because the instantaneous wheel staring torque is very big, produced the operating mode of skidding, under the operating mode of skidding, raceway surface easily produces high temperature, when this test unit is simulated this operating mode, rail wheel and wheel rotate simultaneously, after reaching certain speed, rail wheel is stopped operating, the wheel maintenance rotates, and the method need to regulate the speed of wheel at once, the oil motor moment of selecting simultaneously is large, can be early, moment stops the motion of rail wheel.
Locking slip operating mode: the operating mode that locking is slided mainly appears at the explosion-proof crane brake stage, large or other reasons causes wheel stuck due to brake torque, the translation forward that wheel does not rotate, wheel and track produce hard friction, the simulation of this operating mode is to make the detent tight wheel of stopping, and does not allow its rotation, then fluid motor-driven rail wheel motion, adjustable track wheel velocity magnitude can be simulated the temperature of wheel track tread under different travelling speed.
Above four kinds of operating modes can be tested containing under the environment of damp, need to be full of inflammable gas in the test unit main body, the composition of this gas first proportioning as required is good, first test unit is vacuumized, then by air intake opening in casing, be charged into test unit, fan is arranged on case lid, guarantee evenly to distribute at gas replenishment process gas.Device is excess Temperature or generation spark in the process of simulated condition, all will light damp and produce blast.
The simulation of various operating modes, all will produce the temperature field on explosion-proof crane wheel track tread, the present invention is first-class by temperature sensor, infrared photography, the temperature field that can measure between explosion-proof crane wheel track tread distributes, according to distribution and the maximum temperaturerise situation in temperature field, we can estimate explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction explosion-proof performance etc.
Certainly, the invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art also can make equivalent variations or replacement under the prerequisite of spirit of the present invention, the modification that these are equal to or replacement all are included in the application's claim limited range.
Claims (9)
1. test unit of be used for estimating explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction explosion-proof performance, it is characterized in that: comprise the casing (1) of sealing and be installed on the interior wheel track main part (2) of described casing (1), be provided with running part (4) in described casing (1), the outer brake portion (5) that is provided with of described casing (1), described wheel track main part (2) comprises centre wheel (21) and is installed on the peripheral annular wheel track (22) of centre wheel (21), the outer drive load part (3) that is connected with wheel track main part (2) that also is provided with of described casing (1).
2. the test unit for estimating explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction explosion-proof performance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described annular wheel track (22) comprises that capable assembling is three sections arc tracks (23) of ring-type, the upper side to the center of circle of each described arc track (23) is provided with rail groove (231), the outer boss wheel limit (211) that can embed rail groove (231) that is arranged with of described centre wheel (21).
3. the test unit for estimating explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction explosion-proof performance according to claim 2, is characterized in that: pad between the intrados side of described centre wheel (21) and each arc track (23) and be provided with some adjustment copper sheets (24).
4. the test unit for estimating explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction explosion-proof performance according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described centre wheel (21) is installed on central shaft, be arranged with bearing seat between described centre wheel (21) and central shaft, in described bearing seat, temperature sensor be installed.
5. the test unit for estimating explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction explosion-proof performance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described drive load part (3) is for being arranged on the some hydraulic loaded cylinders (31) outside casing (1), the other oil motor (32) that also is provided with of described hydraulic loaded cylinder (31).
6. the test unit for estimating explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction explosion-proof performance according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described running part (4) comprises some conical gear that are engaged with each other.
7. the test unit for estimating explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction explosion-proof performance according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described casing (1) comprises the casing body (11) of sealing and is positioned at the gland bonnet (12) of casing body (11) top, be provided with hydraulically extensible bar (13) between described casing body (11) and gland bonnet (12), also be provided with case lid securing member (14) between described casing body (11) and gland bonnet (12).
8. the test unit for estimating explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction explosion-proof performance according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described casing (1) is provided with observation window (6).
9. the test unit for estimating explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction explosion-proof performance according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: be provided with fan (7) in described casing (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310072273.2A CN103175681B (en) | 2013-03-06 | 2013-03-06 | A kind of test unit for evaluating explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction explosion-proof performance |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310072273.2A CN103175681B (en) | 2013-03-06 | 2013-03-06 | A kind of test unit for evaluating explosion-proof crane wheel-rail friction explosion-proof performance |
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| CN103175681A true CN103175681A (en) | 2013-06-26 |
| CN103175681B CN103175681B (en) | 2015-12-02 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105236271A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-01-13 | 江苏省特种设备安全监督检验研究院 | Comprehensive laboratory examination device for anti-wind brake product of crane |
| CN109781514A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-05-21 | 山西省计量科学研究院 | A kind of explosion-proof test tank |
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| US1435264A (en) * | 1917-01-26 | 1922-11-14 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Testing apparatus for explosion-proof devices |
| CH654919A5 (en) * | 1980-10-06 | 1986-03-14 | Wernigerode Getriebewerk Veb | UNIVERSAL WRITING DEVICE. |
| SU1219937A1 (en) * | 1984-03-30 | 1986-03-23 | Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт подъемно-транспортного машиностроения | Bed for testing crane running wheels |
| SU1320691A1 (en) * | 1985-12-25 | 1987-06-30 | Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт подъемно-транспортного машиностроения | Stand for testing crane running gear |
| CN201825689U (en) * | 2010-05-06 | 2011-05-11 | 新乡市起重设备厂有限责任公司 | Explosion-proof belt type braking device for winding drum |
| CN102519724A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2012-06-27 | 三一重机有限公司 | Wobble bearing type friction test device and method |
| CN203148661U (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2013-08-21 | 广州市特种机电设备检测研究院 | Testing apparatus used for evaluating explosion-proof performance of explosion-proof crane wheel track friction |
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2013
- 2013-03-06 CN CN201310072273.2A patent/CN103175681B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1435264A (en) * | 1917-01-26 | 1922-11-14 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Testing apparatus for explosion-proof devices |
| CH654919A5 (en) * | 1980-10-06 | 1986-03-14 | Wernigerode Getriebewerk Veb | UNIVERSAL WRITING DEVICE. |
| SU1219937A1 (en) * | 1984-03-30 | 1986-03-23 | Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт подъемно-транспортного машиностроения | Bed for testing crane running wheels |
| SU1320691A1 (en) * | 1985-12-25 | 1987-06-30 | Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт подъемно-транспортного машиностроения | Stand for testing crane running gear |
| CN201825689U (en) * | 2010-05-06 | 2011-05-11 | 新乡市起重设备厂有限责任公司 | Explosion-proof belt type braking device for winding drum |
| CN102519724A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2012-06-27 | 三一重机有限公司 | Wobble bearing type friction test device and method |
| CN203148661U (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2013-08-21 | 广州市特种机电设备检测研究院 | Testing apparatus used for evaluating explosion-proof performance of explosion-proof crane wheel track friction |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105236271A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-01-13 | 江苏省特种设备安全监督检验研究院 | Comprehensive laboratory examination device for anti-wind brake product of crane |
| CN109781514A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-05-21 | 山西省计量科学研究院 | A kind of explosion-proof test tank |
| CN109781514B (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2024-03-22 | 山西省检验检测中心(山西省标准计量技术研究院) | Explosion-proof test tank |
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Address after: The Yuexiu District road Guangzhou city Guangdong province 510180 No. 65 building 702 Lurong Applicant after: GUANGZHOU ACADEMY OF SPECIAL EQUIPMENT INSPECTION & TESTING Address before: The Yuexiu District road Guangzhou city Guangdong province 510180 No. 65 building 702 Lurong Applicant before: Guangzhou Academy of Special Equipment Inspection & Testing |
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Granted publication date: 20151202 Termination date: 20190306 |