CN103170574A

CN103170574A - Apparatus and method for manufacturing inner teeth on workpiece without crumbs in axial molding manner

Info

Publication number: CN103170574A
Application number: CN2012105993261A
Authority: CN
Inventors: S·鲁施; M·雅布隆斯基; E·皮谢尔; J·施沃尔
Original assignee: Volkswagen AG
Current assignee: Volkswagen AG
Priority date: 2011-12-22
Filing date: 2012-12-24
Publication date: 2013-06-26
Anticipated expiration: 2032-12-24
Also published as: DE102011122144B4; DE102011122144A1; CN103170574B

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing inner teeth (2) on a workpieces (1) specially a hollow shaft (1a) through a mandrel (3) without crumbs in an axial molding manner. The mandrel (3) is provided with a second tooth surface (5) which is arranged at interval with a first tooth surface (4), the second tooth surface (5) is provided with side surfaces (6, 7), the side surfaces (6, 7) are provided with a gap becoming narrower and narrower, the side tooth surface formed on the workpiece (1) through the first tooth surface (4) is deformable, the width of the tooth portion of the workpiece (1) can be at least partly reduced through the second tooth surface (5), and thereby work and cost are minimized.

Description

For the apparatus and method of the chipless earth's axis on workpiece to moulding ground manufacturing internal tooth

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind ofly at workpiece, especially in hollow shaft, without cutting or chipless ground, the especially axial device of moulding ground formation internal tooth, wherein, described mandrel has first Profile of AT processed of carrying out moulding by mandrel.In addition, the invention still further relates to a kind of by workpiece to be formed with have a relative motion between the mandrel of first Profile of AT processed of carrying out moulding, the method that is used for chipless ground formation internal tooth on workpiece, wherein, described workpiece and/or described mandrel especially carry out axial displacement, and wherein, especially form described internal tooth by aforementioned means by the processing and forming to the inner wall area of described workpiece.

Background technology

In the prior art, knownly variously make section bar, especially device and/or the method for the gear teeth for chipless ground.On workpiece, the tooth section that for example arranges on axle for example is used for the moment of torsion transmission of automotive transmission, and wherein this axle with external tooth can insert and be used for the component part dynamical system in the hollow shaft with corresponding internal tooth.This axle belongs to the volume production parts, and wherein the external tooth of the first axle is engageable or insert the internal tooth of the second axle, in order to realize the moment of torsion transmission at two between centers.The mutual grafting of axle, for example solid shafting being inserted hollow shaft at this is time-consuming job step because have external tooth axle must with the internal tooth of the hollow shaft orientation of aliging exactly, otherwise can't realize the connection of diaxon.Therefore, if the external tooth of the first axle anglec of rotation dislocation occurs with the internal tooth of the second axle when being connected, one that just can't complete in connection and two parts must be rotated always, until anglec of rotation dislocation reduces to zero as much as possible, could realize connecting.

Reduce the facewidth in order to provide the gap when engaging on the whole length of the tooth section of two parts, also there is no a gratifying solution, because can produce noise and cause obvious wear problem when stress alternation occur so for this reason.Therefore, for example reduce at least the facewidth on the ingress area of the tooth in engaging tooth section on parts in two parts, be designed to extend at this corresponding tooth the shape that comes to a point on ingress area, at least at ingress area, corresponding inclination angle is arranged between the flank of tooth of each tooth section of namely engagement, thereby realize engaging more easily of two parts.In order to make internal tooth on workpiece, known various device and/or method in the prior art.

DE102009045137A1 has described a kind of device and method, wherein processing is cut with coned cutter in the internal tooth front of workpiece, the longitudinal axis arranged parallel of the rotating shaft of coned cutter and tooth section wherein, and coned cutter is directed until reached initial circumferential position along circuit orbit with certain angle of circumference.

DE19750184A1 has described a kind of device and method, by material is carried out the plasticity cold presswork, realizes the inner profile of rotational symmetric hollow shape by these apparatus and method.This shaping jig has different assemblies, also has in addition a forming core shaft, wherein only realizes the plastic forming in cavity shape between forming core shaft, processing circular cone and cylindrical collar.

DE102007018184A1 and EP1005932A1 illustrate a kind of inner profile, especially more complicated device and/or method of internal tooth made on hollow cylinder, wherein, forge by digital controlled rotary internal tooth and the forming process of making workpiece in principle and need a plurality of steps.For example DE10054399A1 also illustrates a kind of more complicated device and method of making inner profile.

Summary of the invention

Set out by known prior art, technical problem to be solved by this invention is so to design and improve a kind of device and method, thereby avoid extending in order to form the tooth that comes to a point by other independently instrument, and the tooth section that has produced is expended larger processing, especially reduce associated cost cost with this.

Described technical problem is solved by a kind of device, wherein said mandrel has and described second Profile of AT processed of carrying out moulding of carrying out the first Profile of AT processed interval setting of moulding, wherein, the described second Profile of AT processed has the side, has the spacing that narrows down gradually between described side, and wherein, be deformable by the first formed lateral tooth flank of Profile of AT processed on described workpiece, namely can reduce at least in part the width of the tooth section of the workpiece that produced by the first Profile of AT processed by the described second Profile of AT processed.

In addition, described technical problem is also solved by a kind of method, and described method has following steps:

A) described workpiece and/or the displacement like this of described mandrel and/or movement, the lateral tooth flank of the tooth section of the workpiece that produces by the described first Profile of AT processed enter in the gap that narrows down gradually with the side of the described first Profile of AT processed the second Profile of AT processed separately,

B) described workpiece and/or the displacement like this of described mandrel and/or movement, be positioned at the flank of tooth of tooth section of the workpiece in the gap that narrows down gradually, move predetermined distance with respect to the described second Profile of AT processed, be used for the flank of tooth of workpiece is realized the moulding that at least part of side direction narrows down gradually, and

C) described mandrel shifts out in described workpiece, and described workpiece has the internal tooth of substantially completing processing and forming.

The present invention is provided with mandrel take this principle as the basis, and it has first Profile of AT processed of carrying out moulding on the one hand, adds on the other hand also to have second Profile of AT processed of carrying out moulding.At this, two Profile of AT processed are so settled and design on mandrel, make the direction that feeds along mandrel in workpiece, when especially moving in hollow shaft of mandrel for example, at first the first Profile of AT processed of mandrel produces tooth section on the inwall of hollow shaft, subsequently when mandrel to same direction continue mobile one section determine apart from the time, the tooth section that has been formed by the first Profile of AT processed of the internal tooth that part is produced by the second Profile of AT processed of mandrel, proceed to the processing and forming that small part narrows down gradually, especially extend the processing and forming that comes to a point.For this reason, between the first Profile of AT processed and the second Profile of AT processed, certain distance is arranged, wherein mandrel in workpiece, moves into one section definite distance at this in hollow shaft, makes thus internal tooth have at ingress area the tooth section that comes to a point of extending.

By the relative motion of workpiece to mandrel, especially by the direction of feed of mandrel towards workpiece, the second Profile of AT processed touches the tooth section that has formed by the first Profile of AT processed on the workpiece inwall, that is to say, at first therefore the first Profile of AT processed enter the Profile of AT processed of hollow shaft as first, and the second Profile of AT processed enters second Profile of AT processed of hollow shaft as first Profile of AT processed that continues.

By this way preferably in an operation and procedure of processing, especially only pass through direction of feed, plastic forming goes out the flank of tooth that the extension of the tooth section of workpiece comes to a point, and need to be at this processing and forming mode by additional in addition cutting or chipless the internal tooth of the workpiece that produced is carried out other processing.Thus, only just produce by an axial displacement (one back and forth) flank of tooth that internal tooth and side direction narrow down gradually.Reduced like this work and cost consumption, namely avoided aforesaid shortcoming and obtained attendant advantages.

Stipulate in the improvement project of described device, the flank of tooth side direction that the side of the second Profile of AT processed is designed to corresponding adjacent moulding narrows down each other, and the molding gear on the radial circumference direction of mandrel is especially observed vertically and had to each other the spacing that narrows down gradually.

Therefore, by producing the workpiece of the respective design with internal tooth according to device and method of the present invention, especially having the hollow shaft of internal tooth at an in-process with very simple methods manufacturing.This internal tooth has ingress area, and this ingress area has and extends the tooth section come to a point, makes be coupling accordingly when closing and aforementioned technical problem no longer occurs when the anglec of rotation misplaces.

Description of drawings

Exist a large amount of designs of method in an advantageous manner and improvement according to the possibility of device and method of the present invention.At first carry out according to the indication of independent claims for this reason.Followingly further describe the preferred embodiment of the present invention and basic principle according to the description of the drawings.In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 illustrates the partial schematic diagram of the assembly of device, i.e. mandrel and at this side view as the hollow shaft of workpiece, and corresponding clamp assembly and/or the infeed mean of not shown device, wherein mandrel is expressed as and is about to enter hollow shaft;

Fig. 2 illustrates the schematic side view of similar Fig. 1, and wherein mandrel has entered one section definite distance of hollow shaft, and this side view has the local additional hatch region of mandrel;

Fig. 3 illustrates the schematic side view that does not contain clamping element and/or feeding part of mandrel illustrated in figures 1 and 2.

The specific embodiment

Fig. 1 to 3 is at least part of to be illustrated in this and to form the primary clustering of the device of internal tooth 2 to moulding ground on the workpiece 1 chipless earth's axis of being used for that illustrates separately.At this, the described workpiece 1 hollow shaft 1a with opening 1b especially in the embodiment shown.

Also illustrate preferably in Fig. 1 to 3, produce internal tooth 2 by mandrel 3 on workpiece 1 or hollow shaft 1a.In addition, mandrel 3 has first Profile of AT processed of carrying out moulding of subsidiary groove 4a and the tooth 4b of section.

In addition, as Fig. 1 to 3 clear and definite, by the assembly of the device that does not illustrate separately or when implementing to be used for forming the correlation method of internal tooth 2 on workpiece 1, realize relative motion herein between workpiece to be formed 1 and mandrel 3.That is to say, workpiece 1 and/or mandrel 3 are especially realized moving axially, and wherein pass through the distortion of workpiece inner wall area, especially make internal tooth by plastic forming or cold moudling.

Mandrel 3 has and first Profile of AT 4 processed of carrying out moulding additional second Profile of AT 5 processed of carrying out moulding separately, avoided aforesaid drawbacks thus on described device, wherein the second Profile of AT 5 processed has to each other apart from the side 6 and 7 that narrows down gradually, and wherein, the lateral tooth flank of the tooth section of the workpiece 1 that forms by the first Profile of AT processed 4 on workpiece 1 is deformable, namely can partly reduce at least the facewidth by the first Profile of AT 4 manufacturings processed by the second Profile of AT 5 processed.

The parts of Fig. 1 and 2 shown device, mandrel 3 especially clamped and/or corresponding arrangement and clamped workpiece 1 are corresponding to be moved and especially to carry out with following step according to method of the present invention:

At first, relative displacement and/or movement so occur in workpiece 1 and mandrel 3, and as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, mandrel 3 enters the opening 1b of hollow shaft 1a by its start-up portion.Then, between workpiece 1 and mandrel 3, relative motion occurs.At this moment, the first Profile of AT 4 processed by mandrel 3 is made tooth section, the i.e. mobile realization workpiece 1 in by cold pressing forming process and mandrel 3 in the inner wall area of workpiece 1.According to corresponding operating position, can consider that also workpiece 1 moves towards each other/slides to the motion of the reverse shuffle of mandrel 3 and workpiece 1 and mandrel 3.

The other displacement of subsequently workpiece 1 and/or mandrel 3 and/or mobile in, mesh or contact with the second Profile of AT 5 processed of mandrel 3 by the lateral tooth flank of the tooth section of the workpiece 1 of the first Profile of AT 4 manufacturings processed.The second Profile of AT 5 processed of mandrel 3 has side 6,7 at least, wherein observes to the second Profile of AT processed 5 from the first Profile of AT 4 processed, and side 6,7 gap narrow down mutually, if broaden to the first Profile of AT 4 observations processed from the second Profile of AT 5 processed.The start-up portion (ingress area subsequently) of the tooth section of the workpiece 1 of being made by the first Profile of AT processed 4 subsequently, enters in side 6,7 the gap that mutually narrows down.

Then, workpiece 1 and/or mandrel 3 so are subjected to displacement and/or are mobile, be positioned at the flank of tooth of tooth section of the workpiece 1 in the gap that narrows down gradually, move one section preset distance with respect to the second Profile of AT 5 processed, be used for becoming at least part of side direction to narrow down gradually the Gear shape process of the tooth section of workpiece 1.At this, at least part of the reducing of tooth section's width of workpiece 1 forms the ingress area with the tooth section that extends into the tip thus.After completing, mandrel 3 shifts out workpiece 1, substantially makes or produce simultaneously in type internal tooth 2.This internal tooth 2 has the corresponding molding gear section that extends into the tip in the opening 1b zone of hollow shaft 1a.

Thus in the situation that need not to expend more greatly with cost make internal tooth 2 in an operation or job step, wherein, hollow shaft 1a can be connected with the axle with corresponding external tooth like a cork by the internal tooth 2 that produces, and namely the toilet axle that will connect should have mutual anglec of rotation dislocation when engaging.

In favourable embodiment, the second Profile of AT 5 processed has the zone that enters with molding gear 5a of extending to the first Profile of AT 4 processed, wherein, adjacent molding gear 5a has respectively or forms the side 6,7 that spacing narrows down, and can the tooth section of the workpiece 1 made by the first Profile of AT processed 4 be carried out processing and forming and make the ingress area of tooth section thus.Be provided with groove 5b between molding gear 5a.

In order to make the internal tooth 2 of the tooth section that has that corresponding extension comes to a point, the second Profile of AT 5 processed is especially true directed alignedly to the first Profile of AT 4 processed, make when relatively moving between workpiece 1 and mandrel 3, the tooth section of the workpiece 1 of being made by the first Profile of AT processed 4 can enter the zone that enters between molding gear 5a.

According to what Fig. 1 and 2 can consider and imagine be, mandrel 3 is fixed and clamps or settle in related device, although and workpiece 1 clamping that is fixed, removable, that is to say, workpiece 1 can move towards mandrel.Optionally, workpiece 1 is fixed and clamps and mandrel 3 is removable, that is to say, mandrel 3 can move towards workpiece 1.What it is also conceivable that is, two parts are that workpiece 1 and mandrel 3 are fixed respectively and clamp or settle, but both can move in opposite directions.This depends on corresponding particular design and clamping part as used herein and/or attainable sports apparatus, i.e. feed arrangement and the infeed mean of described device.

As shown in Fig. 3 is clear, between first and second Profile of AT 4 processed and 5 of mandrel 3, the zone that diameter reduces is set.In addition, mandrel 3 has for the boring 8 and the outlet 9 that pass through and transport lubricant.At this, boring 8 is designed for the transportation lubricant and/or outlet 9 is used for discharging lubricant, especially radially.Importantly, when mandrel 3 enters workpiece 1, when namely entering in the opening 1b of hollow shaft 1a, can by corresponding boring 8 and/or outlet 9 with lubricant delivery in the zone between the outside of the inwall of workpiece 1 and mandrel 3.

By according to device and method of the present invention, can form and have the internal tooth 2 that extends the tooth section come to a point towards opening 1b direction, wherein, as long as complete the single stepping flow process, namely must realize a relative motion along the direction between workpiece 1 and mandrel 3, in order to the flank of tooth side direction of internal tooth 2 is narrowed down gradually.At this, by the one section definite distance that relatively moves between workpiece 1 and/or mandrel 3, the flank of tooth by the tooth section of 5 pairs of workpiece 1 of the second Profile of AT processed of mandrel 3 carries out the processing and forming that side direction narrows down gradually afterwards.Preferably, when workpiece 1 and/or mandrel 3 move, be coated with lubricant to the inwall of workpiece 1.After making internal tooth 2, i.e. workpiece 1 or mandrel 3 axial displacements are to final position shown in Figure 2, and mandrel 3 can shift out in hollow shaft 1a herein again from workpiece 1, and produces above-mentioned internal tooth 2 with simple methods thus.

Reference numerals list

1 workpiece

The 1a hollow shaft

The 1b opening

2 internal tooths

3 mandrels

4 first Profile of AT processed

The 4a groove

4b tooth section

5 second Profile of AT processed

The 5a molding gear

The 5b groove

6 sides

7 sides

8 borings

9 outlets

Claims

1. one kind is used in workpiece (1), especially on hollow shaft (1a), by mandrel (3) chipless ground, especially axially moulding ground forms the device of internal tooth (2), wherein, described mandrel (3) has first Profile of AT processed (4) of carrying out moulding, it is characterized in that, described mandrel (3) has and described second Profile of AT processed (5) of carrying out moulding of carrying out the first Profile of AT processed (4) interval setting of moulding, wherein, the described second Profile of AT processed (5) has side (6, 7), described side (6, 7) has the spacing that narrows down gradually between, and wherein, upper at described workpiece (1) is deformable by the described first formed lateral tooth flank of Profile of AT processed (4), namely can reduce at least in part the width of the tooth section of the described workpiece (1) that produced by the described first Profile of AT processed (4) by the described second Profile of AT processed (5).

2. according to device claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the lateral tooth flank of the tooth section that is produced by the described first Profile of AT processed (4) can be configured to extend by the described second Profile of AT processed (5) shape that comes to a point.

3. according to the described device of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, the described second Profile of AT processed (5) is designed or is set to the distance determined and the described first Profile of AT processed (4) separately.

4. according to the described device of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, the described second Profile of AT processed (5) has the zone that enters towards the direction extension of the described first Profile of AT processed (4) between adjacent molding gear (5a), wherein, described molding gear (5a) has respectively the side (6,7) that side direction narrows down gradually.

5. according to the described device of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, the described second Profile of AT processed (5) is directed so alignedly with respect to the described first Profile of AT processed (4), make the toothed portion of the described workpiece (1) that is produced by the described first Profile of AT processed (4) not enter entering in the zone between described adjacent molding gear (5a), the spacing between the side of described adjacent molding gear (5a) (6,7) narrows down each other gradually.

6. according to the described device of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, be fixed clamping and/or arrangement and described workpiece (1) of described mandrel (3) clamped movably, perhaps be fixed clamping or arrangement and described mandrel (3) of described workpiece (1) is movably, and perhaps described workpiece (1) and described mandrel (3) are fixed respectively and clamp and both movably.

7. according to the described device of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, described mandrel (3) have for by and/or boring (8) and/or the outlet (9) of conveyor lubricant, wherein, can be with lubricant delivery to the zone between the outside of the inwall of described workpiece (1) and described mandrel (3) by corresponding boring (8).

8. according to the described device of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, zone with reduced is set between first and second Profile of AT processed (4,5) of described mandrel (3), radially is designed with described boring (8) and/or described outlet (9) for delivery of lubricant in this zone.

9. method that is used at workpiece (1) upper chipless ground formation internal tooth (2), the method is by workpiece to be formed (1) and have the relative motion between the mandrel (3) of first Profile of AT processed (4) of carrying out moulding and realize, wherein, described workpiece (1) and/or described mandrel (3) especially carry out axial displacement, and wherein, especially by device as described in one of claim 1 to 8, form described internal tooth (2) by the processing and forming to the inner wall area of described workpiece (1), it is characterized in that following steps:

A) so displacement and/or movement of described workpiece (1) and/or described mandrel (3), make the lateral tooth flank of the tooth section of the described workpiece (1) that produces by the described first Profile of AT processed (4) enter in the gap that narrows down gradually with the side (6,7) of the described first Profile of AT processed (4) the second Profile of AT processed (5) separately

B) so displacement and/or movement of described workpiece (1) and/or described mandrel (3), make the flank of tooth of the tooth section of the described workpiece (1) that is positioned at the gap that narrows down gradually, with respect to the mobile predetermined distance of the described second Profile of AT processed (5), be used for the flank of tooth of described workpiece (1) is realized the moulding that at least part of side direction narrows down gradually, and

C) described mandrel (3) shifts out in described workpiece (1), and described workpiece (1) has the internal tooth (2) of substantially completing processing and forming.

10. according to device claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, only by once along the axial displacement of moving direction, especially make described internal tooth (2) and cause the side direction of described internal tooth (2) flank of tooth to narrow down gradually at one in-process.

11. according to the described device of claim 8 or 9, it is characterized in that, by the distance of the one section regulation that relatively moves between described workpiece (1) and described mandrel (3), the second Profile of AT processed (5) by described mandrel (3) realizes the moulding that the side direction of the flank of tooth of described workpiece (1) narrows down gradually.

12. according to the described device of one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, not only moved but also when described workpiece (1) and/or described mandrel (3) are in reverse to moving direction and move, applied lubricant on the inwall of described workpiece (1) along moving direction at described workpiece (1) and/or described mandrel (3).