CN103163675A - Vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103163675A CN103163675A CN2011104149721A CN201110414972A CN103163675A CN 103163675 A CN103163675 A CN 103163675A CN 2011104149721 A CN2011104149721 A CN 2011104149721A CN 201110414972 A CN201110414972 A CN 201110414972A CN 103163675 A CN103163675 A CN 103163675A
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Abstract
The invention provides a vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device which comprises a first base plate, multiple data lines, multiple scanning lines, multiple common electrodes, a second base plate, and a liquid crystal layer. The multiple data lines and the multiple scanning lines are formed on the first base plate and define multiple pixel zones. The multiple common electrodes are formed on the first base plate and are located on a boundary of the pixel zones and adjacent to the scanning lines. The first base plate and the second base plate are arranged oppositely. The liquid crystal layer is formed between the first base plate and the second base plate and comprises chiral substance.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention is relevant for a kind of liquid crystal indicator, and particularly relevant for a kind of vertical orientation type (vertical alignment, VA) liquid crystal indicator.
[background technology]
Liquid crystal indicator (liquid crystal display) is light owing to having, low consumpting power, the advantage such as radiationless, various personal computers, personal digital assistant (personaldigital assistant, PDA), mobile phone, TV etc. have been applied at present.
Liquid crystal indicator mainly is comprised of thin film transistor (TFT) (thin film transistor, TFT) substrate, colored filter (color filter, CF) substrate and the liquid crystal layer that is formed between two substrates.
Tradition stable twisted nematic pattern (twisted nematic, TN) has excellent through characteristic, but shortcoming is that visual angle (viewing angle) is very narrow.Therefore, develop vertical orientation type (verticalalignment, VA) liquid crystal indicator of pattern, figure vertical orientation type (patternedvertical alignment for example, PVA) also crystal display or multiregional vertical align type (multi-domainvertical qalignment, MVA) liquid crystal indicator, wherein the PVA type utilizes fringing field effect and compensating plate to reach the effect of wide viewing angle.The MVA type is divided into a plurality of zones by a picture element, and uses thrust (protrusion) or specific pattern structure, and the liquid crystal molecule that is positioned at zones of different is toppled in the same way towards difference, to reach the effect of wide viewing angle and lifting penetrance.
Existing common electrode (common el ectrode) is arranged in picture element zone (or viewing area), yet when day by day improving along with liquid crystal indicator resolution, if common electrode still designs in the picture element zone, can make aperture opening ratio (Aperture ratio, AR) reduce, therefore, industry is needed badly and is proposed a kind of new vertical alignment liquid crystal display device, to address the above problem.
[summary of the invention]
The invention provides a kind of vertical alignment liquid crystal display device, comprising: a first substrate; Many data lines, be formed on this first substrate; Many scanning linears, be formed on this first substrate, and wherein said data line and described scanning linear define a plurality of picture element regions; Many common electrodes, be formed on this first substrate, and wherein this common electrode is positioned at the border of described picture element region and adjacent to described scanning linear; One second substrate, wherein this first substrate and this second substrate are oppositely arranged; And a liquid crystal layer, be formed between this first substrate and this second substrate, wherein this liquid crystal layer comprises that one revolves optically active substance (chiralsubstance).
State with other purpose, feature and advantage and can become apparent for allowing on the present invention, cited below particularlyly go out preferred embodiment, and coordinate appended graphicly, be described in detail below:
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 is a sectional view, in order to vertical alignment liquid crystal display device of the present invention to be described.
Fig. 2 a-2b is a series of sectional views, in order to the arrangement mode of vertical orientation type liquid crystal molecule of the present invention to be described.Fig. 2 c show to be used the viewing area penetrance schematic diagram of the liquid crystal indicator that the liquid crystal that do not add the chirality agent makes.Fig. 2 d shows the viewing area penetrance schematic diagram of the liquid crystal indicator that the liquid crystal of use interpolation chirality agent is made.
Fig. 3 a is a vertical view, in order to the structure of first substrate that one embodiment of the invention is described.
Fig. 3 b is a sectional view, in order to the sectional view of Fig. 3 a of the present invention along AA ' line to be described.
Fig. 3 c-3d is a series of vertical views, in order to the structure of common electrode of the present invention to be described.
Fig. 4 a to 4c is vertical alignment liquid crystal display device under the situation of facing visual angle, 45 degree visual angles and horizontal view angle, and liquid crystal molecule torsional capacity (d/p) parameter changes corresponding penetrance-voltage curve.
Fig. 5 utilizes penetrance-voltage curve to explain the definition of gray-scale inversion phenomenon.
Fig. 6 shows that one embodiment of the invention liquid crystal indicator equals at visual angle under the situation of 0 degree, and the optical phase put-off of its viewing area and liquid crystal molecule torsional capacity parameter change corresponding penetrance and distribute.
Fig. 7 a and 7b show that one embodiment of the invention liquid crystal indicator equals respectively at visual angle under the situation of 45 and 90 degree, and the optical phase put-off of its viewing area and liquid crystal molecule torsional capacity parameter change corresponding gray-scale inversion value and distribute.
[primary clustering symbol description]
100～vertical alignment liquid crystal display device
110～first substrate
112～pixel electrode
114～the first polaroids
120～common electrode
120a～first extension electrode
120b～second extension electrode
122～gate line
124～the first insulation courses
126～semiconductor layer
130～the second electrode lay
132～the second insulation courses
140～data line
160～contact hole (contact hole)
150～liquid crystal layer
151～liquid crystal molecule
210～second substrate
212～counter electrode
214～the second polaroids
[embodiment]
Below especially exemplified by going out embodiments of the invention, and coordinate appended graphic elaborating.The assembly of following examples and design are in order to simplify disclosed invention, not in order to limit the present invention.The present invention may use the reference symbol of repetition and/or use word in each embodiment.These replicators or with word in order to simplify and purpose clearly, not in order to limit the relation between each embodiment and/or described structure.In addition, mention in instructions that forming the first architectural feature is positioned on the second architectural feature, it comprises that the first architectural feature and the second architectural feature are the embodiment directly contacted, also be included in addition the embodiment that other architectural feature is arranged between the first architectural feature and the second architectural feature in addition, that is the first architectural feature not directly contacts with the second architectural feature.
Refer to Fig. 1, this figure shows the viewing area of vertical alignment liquid crystal display device 100 of the present invention, it comprises first substrate 110 and second substrate 210, wherein first substrate 110 is oppositely arranged with second substrate, and liquid crystal layer 150 is formed between first substrate 110 and second substrate 210, wherein liquid crystal layer 150 comprises that liquid crystal molecule 151 and revolves optically active substance (chiral substance), wherein revolves optically active substance and comprises the chirality agent.
In addition, still comprise pixel electrode 112 on first substrate 110, still comprise the first polaroid 114 under first substrate, still comprise a subtend electrode 212 on second substrate 210, still comprise one second polaroid 214 on second substrate 210.Pixel electrode 112 is comprised of transparent conductive material with counter electrode 212, and for example tin indium oxide (ITO), and pixel electrode 112 forms liquid crystal capacitance (C with counter electrode 212
lC).
In another embodiment, vertical alignment liquid crystal display device 100 still comprises that the first compensate film (not shown) is formed between first substrate 110 and the first polaroid 114, and the second compensate film (not shown) is formed between second substrate 210 and the second polaroid 214.
Still comprise colored filter and black matrix" (blackmatrix between second substrate 210 and liquid crystal layer 150, BM) (not shown), wherein colored filter comprises Red lightscreening plate, blue color filter and green color filter, and black matrix" (BM) is between various different colours optical filters.
In embodiments of the invention, the liquid crystal molecule 151 that liquid crystal layer 150 is used is nematic liquid crystalline material, and it can be the minus nematic crystal, also can be the eurymeric nematic liquid crystalline material.And first substrate 110 is thin film transistor base plate, second substrate is colored filter substrate.
Owing to having added chirality agent 152 in liquid crystal layer 150, therefore, liquid crystal molecule 151 can thereby have the optical activity of revolving along an axial torsion, this axle is parallel to the normal of first substrate 210, and the windup-degree of liquid crystal molecule 151 can decide by adjusting chirality agent 152 concentration, therefore, this LCD device structure is again referred to as vertical orientation type (twisted vertical alignment) liquid crystal indicator.
Fig. 2 a is when between first substrate 110 and second substrate 210, nothing applies electric field, the side view that the torsion vertical orientation type liquid crystal molecule 151 of the liquid crystal layer 150 of vertical alignment liquid crystal display device 100 is arranged, wherein the direction of arrow in the first Polarizer 114 and the second Polarizer 214 is respectively both polarizing axis directions.
Fig. 2 b is while between first substrate 110 and second substrate 210, applying electric field, the side view that the vertical orientation type liquid crystal molecule 151 of the liquid crystal layer 150 of liquid crystal indicator 100 is arranged.In Fig. 2 b, reverse 210 torsions gradually from first substrate 110 to second substrate of vertical orientation type liquid crystal molecule 151, and stand gradually again after being poured onto gradually level.With applying electric field value, promote, liquid crystal molecule topple over fully be horizontal scope also with expansion, wherein the liquid crystal molecule windup-degree can decide by adjusting the chirality agent concentration.
Please refer to Fig. 2 c and Fig. 2 d, Fig. 2 c show to be used the viewing area penetrance schematic diagram of the liquid crystal indicator that the liquid crystal that do not add the chirality agent makes, and Fig. 2 d shows the viewing area penetrance schematic diagram that uses the liquid crystal indicator that the liquid crystal that adds the chirality agent makes.As shown in Fig. 2 c and Fig. 2 d, due to the torsion of the liquid crystal molecule that adds the chirality agent itself, the Optical Dark Solitary Pulse line that can make in viewing area not topple over because of liquid crystal molecule or the dump angle mistake produces attenuates thin out, reaches the purpose of high penetration.
Refer to Fig. 3 a, this figure shows the vertical view of first substrate 110 of the present invention, it comprises that common electrode 120, many gate lines 122, many data lines 140 are formed on first substrate 110, wherein gate line 122 is perpendicular to one another to define the picture element zone with data line 140, this picture element zone is formed (being shown in the 3rd figure) by pixel electrode 112, therefore, the picture element zone can be described as again viewing area.
In one embodiment, common electrode 120 is formed on first substrate 110, and common electrode 120 is positioned at the border in picture element zone and adjacent to gate line 122.In addition, common electrode 120 more comprises the first extension electrode 120a, and wherein the first extension electrode 120a is parallel to data line 140, and is arranged at the border of picture element region.Common electrode 120 and the first extension electrode 120a form ㄩ type electrode in the picture element zone boundary.In preferred embodiment, the distance between common electrode 120 and gate line 122 is for approximately being less than 15 μ m.
Refer to Fig. 3 c, in another embodiment, common electrode 120 and the first extension electrode 120a form ㄇ type electrode in the picture element zone boundary.
Refer to Fig. 3 d, common electrode 120 comprises the first extension electrode 120a and the second extension electrode 120b, wherein the first extension electrode 120a is parallel to data line 140, and the second extension electrode 120b is connected in the first extension electrode 120a, and the second extension electrode 120b is parallel to gate line 122 and is arranged at the border of picture element region.
In another embodiment, common electrode 120 can be arranged at and gate line 122 different layers, and border overlapping or part that common electrode 120 is positioned at the picture element zone are overlapped in gate line 122.In addition, common electrode 120 more comprises an extension electrode 120a, and wherein extension electrode 120 is parallel to data line 140, and is arranged at the border of picture element region.
It is noted that, the present invention adds and revolves optically active substance in liquid crystal layer 150 by collocation, and common electrode 120 is arranged to the horizontal side of picture element zone 160 near gate line 122, can effectively promote picture element zone 160 penetrances, and increase aperture opening ratio.
In addition, semiconductor layer 126 is formed on common electrode 120, and the second metal level 130 is formed on semiconductor layer 126, wherein gate line 122, the first insulation course 124, semiconductor layer 126 and the second metal level 130 form a thin film transistor (TFT), and the second metal level 130 is electrically connected with data line 140.
Moreover pixel electrode 112 is electrically connected by a contact hole 160 and the second metal level 130, so that signal transmission is arrived to thin film transistor (TFT).
Refer to Fig. 3 b, this figure shows the sectional view that Fig. 3 a draws along AA ' line, and common electrode 120 first is formed on first substrate 110 with gate line 122, and both are by being formed with processing procedure, and is arranged in same layer.
Above-mentioned patterning process is reached by lithographic process (photolithography), lithographic process comprises that light blockage coating (photoresist coating), soft baking (soft baking), light shield are aimed at (mask aligning), exposure (exposure), postexposure bake (post-exposure), photoresistance develops (developing photoresist) and hard baking (hard baking), these processing procedures are known by this area personage, do not repeat them here.
Afterwards, the first insulation course 124 is formed on common electrode 120 and gate line 122, the first insulation course 124 such as monox, silicon nitride or silicon oxynitride etc.
Then, the second metal level 130 is formed on the first insulation course 124, and the second insulation course 132 is formed on the second metal level 130.The material of the second insulation course 132 can be identical with the material of the first insulation course 124 or not identical.
It is noted that, the second metal level 130 forms in same fabrication steps with data line 140 (being shown in the 3rd figure), and both electric connections, with the signal by thin film transistor (TFT), by data line, transfers out.
Moreover the second metal level 130 and common electrode 120 therebetween the first insulation courses 124, to form a storage capacitors (storage capacitor, Cst).
Finally, form pixel electrode 112 on the second insulation course 132.Pixel electrode 112 is comprised of transparent conductive material, tin indium oxide (indium tin oxide for example, ITO), indium zinc oxide (indium zinc oxide, IZO), cadmium tin (cadmium tin oxide, CTO), aluminum zinc oxide (aluminum zinc oxide, AZO), tin indium oxide zinc (indium tin zinc oxide, ITZO), zinc paste (zinc oxide), cadmium oxide (cadmium oxide, CdO), hafnia (hafnium oxide, HfO).
In another embodiment, common electrode 120 can be arranged at and gate line 122 different layers, such as with the second metal level 130 same layers, or with pixel electrode 112 same layers.Therefore common electrode 120 can be arranged on gate line 122 overlapping with gate line 122 or part is overlapping.
Compared to prior art, common electrode 120 of the present invention is positioned at the side of picture element zone near gate line 122, therefore, can promote the penetrance of liquid crystal indicator, and then improve the optics display quality of liquid crystal indicator.
Please also refer to 4a to 4c figure and Fig. 5.4a to 4c figure is respectively vertical orientation (VA) the type liquid crystal indicator of interpolation chirality agent under the situation of facing visual angle (visual angle equals 0 degree), 45 degree visual angles and horizontal view angle (visual angle equals 90 degree), liquid crystal molecule torsional capacity (d/p) parameter changes corresponding penetrance-voltage curve, wherein the optical path difference of the liquid crystal layer of VA type liquid crystal indicator (Δ nd) is designed to 500nm, wherein d is thickness of liquid crystal layer, p is the pitch of mixing the chirality agent, and Δ n means the double refractive inde (that is the refringence between fast axle and slow axis) of liquid crystal layer.Fig. 5 is for utilizing penetrance-voltage curve to explain the definition of gray-scale inversion (delta T) phenomenon, when voltage rises (for example, from V1 to V2), penetrance descends, and (value that the penetrance T1 that voltage V1 is corresponding subtracts the penetrance T2 that voltage V2 is corresponding is greater than zero, meaning is delta T=T1-T2>0), the gray-scale inversion phenomenon occurs.As shown in Fig. 4 a, it is 0.15 o'clock that liquid crystal molecule torsional capacity (d/p) parameter diminishes, and penetrance can rise and descend along with voltage.As shown in Figure 4 b, under the situation at 45 degree visual angles, VA type liquid crystal indicator can produce the gray-scale inversion phenomenon when less liquid crystal molecule torsional capacity (d/p) parameter (d/p=0.15).As shown in Fig. 4 c, VA type liquid crystal indicator is under the situation of horizontal view angle, and the gray-scale inversion phenomenon becomes even more serious, when liquid crystal molecule torsional capacity (d/p) parameter is 0.15,0.25 and 0.35, all can produce the gray-scale inversion phenomenon.
In order to find the optical phase put-off (R) of the VA type liquid crystal indicator the best of adding the chirality agent, the conditions such as liquid crystal molecule torsional capacity (d/p) and optical path difference (Δ nd), and then promote liquid crystal indicator viewing area integral body penetrance and be unlikely and produce the gray-scale inversion phenomenon, therefore we utilize method for numerical simulation, optical phase put-off (R) and liquid crystal molecule torsional capacity (d/p) parameter of analyzing and calculate the viewing area diverse location of liquid crystal indicator change corresponding penetrance (Transmittance) distribution, wherein when light, the optical phase put-off (R) by the liquid crystal layer of tool birefringence (Birefringence) characteristic can be expressed as
the incident light optical wavelength is λ.Fig. 6 shows that one embodiment of the invention liquid crystal indicator 500 equals at visual angle under the situation of 0 degree, and optical phase put-off (R) changes corresponding penetrance with liquid crystal molecule torsional capacity (d/p) parameter and distributes.In the present embodiment, the incident light optical wavelength opereating specification of liquid crystal indicator 500 is between between 380nm to 780nm.7a and 7b figure show that one embodiment of the invention liquid crystal indicator equals respectively at visual angle under the situation of 45 and 90 degree, and optical phase put-off (R) and liquid crystal molecule torsional capacity (d/p) parameter change corresponding gray-scale inversion (delta T) value and distribute.
Please refer to the 6th, 7a and 7b figure, in an embodiment of the present invention, the liquid crystal molecule torsional capacity (d/p) of the liquid crystal layer of the interpolation chirality agent of liquid crystal indicator 500 and optical phase put-off (R) parameter meet respectively formula (1) and formula (2) (meaning corresponds to the dotted line frame zone of Fig. 6).When the liquid crystal molecule torsional capacity (d/p) of the liquid crystal layer of the interpolation chirality agent of liquid crystal indicator 500 and optical phase put-off (R) parameter meet respectively formula (1) and formula (2), the penetrance of liquid crystal indicator 500 is between 0.25 to 0.4, its gray-scale inversion (delta T) values at corresponding 45 degree visual angles be no more than 0.02 (meaning corresponds to the dotted line frame zone of Fig. 7 a), and gray-scale inversion (delta T) values that visual angles are spent by its institute corresponding 90 are no more than 0.04 (anticipate and correspond to the dotted line frame zone of Fig. 7 b).
0.6<R<0.95 formula (1)
0.2<d/p<0.3 formula (2)
When incident light optical wavelength opereating specification, when the optical phase put-off (R) of the liquid crystal layer of the interpolation chirality agent of liquid crystal indicator between 380nm to 780nm 500 meets formula (1), the scope of its optical path difference (Δ nd) is between between 228nm to 741nm.In an embodiment of the present invention, the optical path difference (Δ nd) of the liquid crystal layer of the interpolation chirality agent of liquid crystal indicator 500 is better selects to meet formula (3).When the liquid crystal molecule torsional capacity (d/p) of the liquid crystal layer 202 of the interpolation chirality agent of liquid crystal indicator 500 and optical path difference (Δ nd) parameter meet respectively formula (2) and formula (3), gray-scale inversion (delta T) value at 500 correspondences of liquid crystal indicator 45 degree visual angles is no more than 0.02 (meaning corresponds to the dotted line frame zone of Fig. 7 a), and gray-scale inversion (delta T) values that visual angles are spent by its institute corresponding 90 are no more than 0.04 (anticipate and correspond to the dotted line frame zone of Fig. 7 b).
330<Δ nd<500 formulas (3)
Although the present invention discloses as above with several preferred embodiments; so it is not in order to limit the present invention; have and usually know the knowledgeable in technical field under any; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; when changing arbitrarily and retouching, so protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion when looking accompanying the claim person of defining.
Claims (13)
1. a vertical alignment liquid crystal display device comprises:
One first substrate;
Many data lines, be formed on this first substrate;
Many gate lines, be formed on this first substrate, and wherein said data line and described gate line define a plurality of picture element regions;
Many common electrodes, be formed on this first substrate, and wherein said common electrode is positioned at the border of described picture element region and adjacent to described gate line;
One second substrate, wherein this first substrate and this second substrate are oppositely arranged; And
One liquid crystal layer, be formed between this first substrate and this second substrate, and wherein this liquid crystal layer comprises that one revolves optically active substance (chiral substance).
2. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, still comprises one first polaroid, be formed at this first substrate under; One second polaroid, be formed on this second substrate.
3. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the distance between described common electrode and this gate line is for approximately being less than 15 μ m.
4. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the overlapping or part of described common electrode is overlapped in described gate line.
5. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described common electrode more comprises one first extension electrode, and this first extension electrode is parallel to described data line, and be arranged at the border of this picture element region.
6. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described common electrode more comprises one second extension electrode, and wherein this second extension electrode connects this first extension electrode and is parallel to described gate line, and is arranged at the border of this picture element region.
7. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the liquid crystal molecule torsional capacity (d/p) in this liquid crystal layer is 0.2<d/p<0.3, and d is thickness of liquid crystal layer, and p mixes the pitch that this revolves optically active substance.
8. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the optical path difference of this liquid crystal layer (Δ nd) is 330<Δ nd<500, and wherein Δ n is the liquid crystal material double refractive inde, and d is thickness of liquid crystal layer.
9. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the optical phase put-off of this liquid crystal layer (R) is 0.6<R<0.95.
10. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this first substrate is thin film transistor base plate, and this second substrate is colored filter substrate.
11. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the material of this liquid crystal layer comprises nematic liquid crystalline material.
12. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, still comprises that a colored filter and a subtend electrode are formed on this second substrate.
13. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this revolves optically active substance and comprises a chirality agent.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111413830A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-07-14 | Tcl华星光电技术有限公司 | Liquid crystal display panel and liquid crystal display device |
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| CN102033359A (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2011-04-27 | 斯坦雷电气株式会社 | Liquid crystal display element |
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| US20030218705A1 (en) * | 2002-05-21 | 2003-11-27 | Yun-Bok Lee | Liquid crystal display device with wide viewing angle |
| CN101030007A (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2007-09-05 | 统宝光电股份有限公司 | Vertical alignment liquid crystal displays |
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Application publication date: 20130619 |