CN103160247A - Chloride molten salt heat transfer and heat storage material, as well as preparation method and use thereof - Google Patents

Chloride molten salt heat transfer and heat storage material, as well as preparation method and use thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103160247A
CN103160247A CN2013100929117A CN201310092911A CN103160247A CN 103160247 A CN103160247 A CN 103160247A CN 2013100929117 A CN2013100929117 A CN 2013100929117A CN 201310092911 A CN201310092911 A CN 201310092911A CN 103160247 A CN103160247 A CN 103160247A
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storage material
muriate
thermal transmission
thermal
fusion tray
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魏小兰
彭强
丁静
杨晓西
胡宝华
陆建峰
王维龙
杨建平
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South China University of Technology SCUT
Sun Yat Sen University
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South China University of Technology SCUT
Sun Yat Sen University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/54Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids

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Abstract

The invention discloses a chloride molten salt heat transfer and heat storage material, as well as a preparation method and a use thereof. The preparation raw materials of the material comprise 20-50% of sodium chloride and 50-80% of calcium chloride. The melting point of the prepared chloride molten salt heat transfer and heat storage material is about 500 DEG C, the upper-limit using temperature can be as high as 800 DEG C, the range of working temperature is wide, the thermal stability is good, and the chloride molten salt heat transfer and heat storage material can be applied to the fields of tower type solar supercritical thermal power generation and condensation solar thermo-chemical utilization; and the material disclosed by the invention can overcome the defect that a molten nitrate salt system can not be applied to the field of solar high-temperature thermal utilization due to low upper-limit using temperature, expand the appications of chlorides to the field of renewable energy and industrial waste heat and improve the development and utilization value of salt lake brine.

Description

A kind of muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material and preparation method thereof and purposes
Technical field
The invention belongs to the solar energy thermal-power-generating field, be specifically related to a kind of muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material and preparation method thereof and purposes.
Background technology
Along with the quick raising of rapid development of economy and living standards of the people, energy expenditure is sharp increase also, and the energy shortage problem is very serious.Sun power is the abundantest, cleaning, the renewable energy source that can extensively obtain in the world, and the efficient utilization of sun power will change China's energy shortage and irrational energy structure, for the guarantee power supply contributes.
Solar energy thermal-power-generating is a kind of important form of solar thermal utilization.Because sun power has intermittence, energy density is low and the shortcoming such as poor stability, be difficult to satisfy continuously with can demand, and can produce very high temperature after solar light focusing.Therefore selecting reliable high temperature heat transfer heat-storing material will be one of gordian technique that improves solar energy thermal-power-generating efficient.And the heat transfer thermal storage fluid that is used for solar energy thermal-power-generating mainly contains steam and water, thermal oil, liquid metal, warm air, melting salt etc.
Melting salt is as a kind of mineral compound, and specific conductivity is low, viscosity is little, good heat conductivity, corrodibility is weak, steam forces down, the use temperature scope is wide, low price, becomes the first-selection of heat transfer heat-storing material.Studies show that, compare with high temperature heat conductive oil, use melting salt can make the solar power station maximum operating temperature bring up to 500 ℃ of left and right, make the steam turbine generating efficiency bring up to 40%.In addition, use melting salt can also make heat accumulation efficient improve 2.5 times, strengthened heat storage capacity, reduced the accumulation of heat cost.
The heat transfer heat-storing material that is generally used for the solar energy thermal-power-generating field comprises binary mixed nitrate fused salt (60%KNO 3-40wt%NaNO 3, Solar Salt) and ternary mixed nitrate fused salt (53%KNO 3-7%NaNO 3-40wt%NaNO 2, Hitec).Chinese patent 00111406.9,200710027954.1,201110287684.4 and 201110425668.7 and US Patent No. 00,758,869,4B1 five kinds of nitric acid molten salt systems are also disclosed respectively.But these nitric acid fused salts at high temperature easily decompose, and upper limit use temperature generally is no more than 600 ℃, are not suitable for the overcritical heat generating of tower type solar and the utilization of Photospot solar thermochemistry as pyrolysis hydrogen manufacturing etc.
Application number provides respectively two kinds of carbonic acid molten salt systems for 200810027638.9 and 200910037348.7 patent, these two kinds of carbonic acid fused salts can use under 800 ℃ of high temperature, can satisfy well the requirement of solar heat chemical reactor, but still there is the high problem of viscosity in carbonate system, particularly viscosity is higher near zero pour, is not suitable as the high temperature heat transfer heat-storing material.
The bittern of tens billion of tons is contained in a large amount of salt lakes, China central and west regions, is mainly muriate and the vitriol that contains potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium.These waste liquids exist the wasting of resources and environmental pollution is serious, and fully utilize the problems such as added value of product is low, so need to develop and utilize bittern.A kind of low-temperature heat accumulating utilization of calcium chloride hexahydrate heat storage system that application number has been 200510110315.2 Patent exploitations, and muriate is at present also fewer as the applied research of high temperature heat transfer heat-storing material.Although there is NaCl-MgCl 2, NaCl-MgCl 2And KCl-NaCl-MgCl 2Etc. system, but due to MgCl 2There are the problems such as kinetics and vapour pressure height, also are not suitable for solar energy high temperature thermal utilization field.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome shortcoming that existing melting salt solar energy heat-transferring heat-storing material exists with not enough, the muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material that primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Heat stability is good, that operating temperature range is wide, cost is low take sodium-chlor and calcium chloride as raw material.
Another object of the present invention is to the muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material preparation method that provides above-mentioned.
The purposes of the muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material that a further object of the present invention is to provide above-mentioned.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material, its raw materials comprises the composition of following mass percent:
Sodium-chlor: 20~50%
Calcium chloride: 50~80%.
For lower fusing point can be arranged, to reduce better the insulation energy consumption, make melting salt be difficult for condensing, above-mentioned muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material, its raw materials preferably includes the composition of following mass percent:
Sodium-chlor: 30~35%
Calcium chloride: 65~70%.
Above-mentioned muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material preparation method comprises the following steps:
Get sodium-chlor and mix with calcium chloride, stir, reheat to the whole meltings of solid, be incubated 10~30 minutes, then be cooled to room temperature, pulverize, obtain muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material after drying.
Above-mentioned muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material can be applicable to the solar energy thermal-power-generating field, particularly is applied in the overcritical heat generating of tower type solar and Photospot solar thermochemistry and utilizes the field.
The present invention has following advantage and effect with respect to prior art:
(1) the muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material melting point of the present invention's preparation is about 500 ℃, and upper limit use temperature is up to 800 ℃, operating temperature range is wide, and Heat stability is good can be applied to the overcritical heat generating of tower type solar and Photospot solar thermochemistry and utilize the field.
(2) the fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material of the present invention's preparation has overcome the nitric acid molten salt system because of the low defective that can not be applied to solar energy high temperature thermal utilization field of upper limit use temperature.
(3) the fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material of the present invention preparation makes muriatic application extension to renewable energy source and industrial exhaust heat field, has improved the value of exploiting and utilizing of salt lake brine.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the differential scanning graphic representation of the muriate melting salt of embodiment 1 preparation.
Fig. 2 is the differential scanning graphic representation of the muriate melting salt of embodiment 3 preparations.
Fig. 3 is the differential scanning graphic representation of the muriate melting salt of embodiment 5 preparations.
Fig. 4 is the mass loss graphic representation of the muriate melting salt of embodiment 3 preparations.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material is prepared by following steps:
The sodium-chlor of 30wt%, the calcium chloride of 70wt% are mixed and stirs, and static state is heated to the whole meltings of solid, then is incubated 10~30 minutes, then naturally cools to room temperature, and mechanical disintegration obtains muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material.
The muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material that adopts the differential scanning instrument that the present embodiment is prepared carries out the fusing point test, and the curve that obtains as shown in Figure 1.The test result demonstration, the fusing point of melting salt is 527.39 ℃.
Embodiment 2
A kind of muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material is prepared by following steps:
The sodium-chlor of 31.5wt%, the calcium chloride of 68.5wt% are mixed and stirs, and static state is heated to the whole meltings of solid, then is incubated 10~30 minutes, then naturally cools to room temperature, and mechanical disintegration obtains muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material.
The muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material that adopts the differential scanning instrument that the present embodiment is prepared carries out the fusing point test, and the fusing point that records melting salt is 510.25 ℃, all decreases than embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material is prepared by following steps:
The sodium-chlor of 32.7wt%, the calcium chloride of 67.3wt% are mixed and stirs, and static state is heated to the whole meltings of solid, then is incubated 10~30 minutes, then naturally cools to room temperature, and mechanical disintegration obtains muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material.
The muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material that adopts the differential scanning instrument that the present embodiment is prepared carries out the fusing point test, and the curve that obtains as shown in Figure 2.The test result demonstration, the fusing point of melting salt is 500.45 ℃.All decrease than embodiment 2.
Embodiment 4
A kind of muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material is prepared by following steps:
The sodium-chlor of 34.2wt%, the calcium chloride of 65.8wt% are mixed and stirs, and static state is heated to the whole meltings of solid, then is incubated 10~30 minutes, then naturally cools to room temperature, and mechanical disintegration obtains muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material.
The muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material that adopts the differential scanning instrument that the present embodiment is prepared carries out the fusing point test, and the fusing point that records melting salt is 518.82 ℃, all raises to some extent than embodiment 3.
Embodiment 5
A kind of muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material is prepared by following steps:
The sodium-chlor of 35wt%, the calcium chloride of 65wt% are mixed and stirs, and static state is heated to the whole meltings of solid, then is incubated 10~30 minutes, then naturally cools to room temperature, and mechanical disintegration obtains muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material.
The muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material that adopts the differential scanning instrument that the present embodiment is prepared carries out the fusing point test, and the curve that obtains as shown in Figure 3.The test result demonstration, the fusing point of melting salt is 523.72 ℃.All raise to some extent than embodiment 4.
Thermal stability to the melting salt material of embodiment 3 preparation is tested, and the fused salt that is about to certain mass is incubated specifying under high temperature, takes out cooling weighing after for some time, with mass loss rate, the time mapping is namely obtained the mass loss rate of fused salt at this temperature.Change thermostat temperature, repeated experiments can obtain the mass loss rate curve under differing temps.Can judge the maximum operation (service) temperature of molten chloride according to mass loss rate curve decline situation.
Shown in Figure 4 is the mass loss curve of melting salt material under different high temperature of embodiment 3 preparations.Result shows: fused salt is after 800 ℃ of lower constant temperature 18h, and mass loss is no more than 1%, and is more stable; Temperature is elevated to carries out isothermal experiments and finds more than 850 ℃, mass loss is very obvious, and it is unstable that the composition of fused salt mixt begins to become, and may be the partial oxidation thing be evaporated with the form of ion pair, causes mass loss.
The mass loss curve of the melting salt material of other embodiment is similar to embodiment's 3, shows that muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material of the present invention can be 800 ℃ of lower steady runnings.
Above-described embodiment is the better embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material, be characterised in that: its raw materials comprises the composition of following mass percent:
Sodium-chlor: 20~50%
Calcium chloride: 50~80%.
2. muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material according to claim 1, be characterised in that: its raw materials comprises the composition of following mass percent:
Sodium-chlor: 30~35%
Calcium chloride: 65~70%.
3. the described muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage of claim 1 or 2 material preparation method is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Get sodium-chlor and mix with calcium chloride, stir, reheat to the whole meltings of solid, be incubated 10~30 minutes, then be cooled to room temperature, pulverize, obtain muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage material after drying.
4. the application of the described muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage of claim 1 or 2 material in solar energy thermal-power-generating.
5. the application of the described muriate fusion tray of thermal transmission and storage of claim 1 or 2 material in the overcritical heat generating of tower type solar and light collection solar chemical field.
CN2013100929117A 2013-03-21 2013-03-21 Chloride molten salt heat transfer and heat storage material, as well as preparation method and use thereof Pending CN103160247A (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104804712A (en) * 2015-03-25 2015-07-29 中山大学 Metal-chloride melt material with high heat conductivity as well as preparation method and application of metal-chloride melt material
CN106085376A (en) * 2016-06-22 2016-11-09 王斐芬 A kind of high specific heat fused salt mixt heat transfer heat storage medium
CN106085375A (en) * 2016-06-22 2016-11-09 王斐芬 A kind of fused salt mixt heat transfer heat storage medium and preparation method thereof
CN109097001A (en) * 2018-09-25 2018-12-28 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 A kind of preparation method of multicomponent chloride eutectics fused salt
CN109735307A (en) * 2019-02-22 2019-05-10 广州特种承压设备检测研究院 A kind of modified chlorinated object fused salt and its preparation method and application
CN111909664A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-11-10 中盐金坛盐化有限责任公司 Inorganic fiber composite chlorine system molten salt heat storage material and preparation method and application thereof
CN113372886A (en) * 2021-07-01 2021-09-10 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 Ternary chloride molten salt with high-temperature thermal stability and preparation method thereof
US11292948B2 (en) * 2019-05-14 2022-04-05 Purdue Research Foundation Heat transfer/storage fluids and systems that utilize such fluids

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104804712A (en) * 2015-03-25 2015-07-29 中山大学 Metal-chloride melt material with high heat conductivity as well as preparation method and application of metal-chloride melt material
CN104804712B (en) * 2015-03-25 2018-01-19 中山大学 The metal chloride fused salt material and preparation method of a kind of high heat conduction and application
CN106085376A (en) * 2016-06-22 2016-11-09 王斐芬 A kind of high specific heat fused salt mixt heat transfer heat storage medium
CN106085375A (en) * 2016-06-22 2016-11-09 王斐芬 A kind of fused salt mixt heat transfer heat storage medium and preparation method thereof
CN109097001A (en) * 2018-09-25 2018-12-28 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 A kind of preparation method of multicomponent chloride eutectics fused salt
CN109097001B (en) * 2018-09-25 2021-03-19 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 Preparation method of multi-component chloride eutectic molten salt
CN109735307A (en) * 2019-02-22 2019-05-10 广州特种承压设备检测研究院 A kind of modified chlorinated object fused salt and its preparation method and application
US11292948B2 (en) * 2019-05-14 2022-04-05 Purdue Research Foundation Heat transfer/storage fluids and systems that utilize such fluids
CN111909664A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-11-10 中盐金坛盐化有限责任公司 Inorganic fiber composite chlorine system molten salt heat storage material and preparation method and application thereof
CN113372886A (en) * 2021-07-01 2021-09-10 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 Ternary chloride molten salt with high-temperature thermal stability and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20130619