CN103159587A - Application for catalyst in hydrocracking for biological polyol - Google Patents
Application for catalyst in hydrocracking for biological polyol Download PDFInfo
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- CN103159587A CN103159587A CN2011104071426A CN201110407142A CN103159587A CN 103159587 A CN103159587 A CN 103159587A CN 2011104071426 A CN2011104071426 A CN 2011104071426A CN 201110407142 A CN201110407142 A CN 201110407142A CN 103159587 A CN103159587 A CN 103159587A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Abstract
The invention relates to preparation and application for a catalyst in hydrocracking for biomass polyols, wherein catalytic hydrocracking for the biomass polyols of xylitol, sorbitol and the like is effectively realized by introducing basic metal oxides in a Ni-based supported catalyst.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to preparation and the application thereof of biomass polyalcohol hydrocracking catalyst, specifically developed a kind of preparation method of efficient catalyst for cracking, and apply it in this hydrocracking reaction, height selectively obtains ethylene glycol, 1,2-PD and glycerol.
Background technology
Biomass have become produces the important resource of fuels and chemicals, because it is known and the abundant unique renewable carbon source of stock number on the earth.The low-carbon polyol such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol is important energy liquid fuel and polyester synthesis material, can be used as in addition frostproofer, lubricant, moulds agent, tensio-active agent etc., and be broad-spectrum basic organic chemical industry raw material.At present main production process depends on the Multi-step conversion of petroleum-based products, therefore directly transforms from biomass resource and produces, and has higher capacity usage ratio and environment friendly.The biomass polyalcohol such as Xylitol, sorbyl alcohol gets from biomass derived, stock number is abundant, but utilization ratio is lower at present, it is developed research, can effectively alleviate pressure and the raising level of resources utilization of the fossil resources such as oil, alleviate environmental pollution, realize the application of atom economy.
During biomass polyalcohol transforms at present, for realizing higher transformation efficiency and selectivity of product, mainly carry out in alkaline environment.Use Ni or Ru catalyst based, and by adding CaO or Ca (OH)
2Deng alkaline additive, realize that Xylitol or sorbyl alcohol are converted into ethylene glycol and propylene glycol (J.H.Zhou, M.G.Zhang et al., Catal.Today, 2009,147, S225-S229; M.Banu, S.Sivasanker et al., Catal.Commun., 2011,12,673-677).More alkaline NaOCH
3Also there is report to use with KOH, (US Pat.4404411,1983; US Pat.6841085,2005.) Sun etc. has studied in great detail in PH modulation process the impact of selectivity and product, find suitable alkalescence be conducive to improve the selectivity of product (J.Sun and H.Liu, Green Chem., 2011,13,135-142).As everyone knows, alkaline reactive medium easily causes the corrosion of conversion unit, and causes the problems such as environmental pollution.
Summary of the invention
In order to realize biomass polyalcohol directly application of efficient catalytic conversion low-carbon polyol processed in without alkali aqueous solution, need a kind of new catalyst of invention and preparation method thereof, under catalyst action, in without alkaline media, biomass efficient is catalytically conveted to low-carbon polyol.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
The application of a kind of catalyzer in the hydrocracking of biological multielement alcohol adopts alkaline metal oxide to prepare loading type Ni as the catalyzer alkaline source catalyst based; This catalyzer is in hydrocracking generating glycol, propylene glycol and the glycerol of biomass polyalcohol.
Ni is the hydrogenation activity component, and content is the 1-30% of catalyzer total mass; The alkaline metal oxide add-on is the 0.1%-15.0% of catalyzer total mass, mainly is selected from La
2O
3, MgO, CaO, SrO, one or more of BaO; Surplus is absorbent charcoal carrier.
The preparation process of described catalyzer, at first with charcoal carrier incipient impregnation in the soluble metal salt brine solution of Ni and basic oxide precursor, will contain Ni and the basic oxide precursor loads on absorbent charcoal carrier; Then at high temperature produce metal catalyst by the burning carbon thermal reduction, its maturing temperature is 450-650 ℃, 3-8 hour; Metal catalyst after carbothermic reduction is the KBH by 1-2mol/L again
4Solution-treated 1-4 hour.
Biomass polyalcohol is selected one or two or more kinds in Xylitol, sorbyl alcohol, N.F,USP MANNITOL, and solution is without alkali aqueous solution, feeds intake that the weight concentration of the biomass polyalcohol aqueous solution is 2-80% when initial, and preferred values is 5-60%, and optimum value is 8-50%; The scission reaction temperature is 150-300 ℃, and better temperature of reaction is 180-250 ℃; Reaction pressure is 2-20MPa, and better reaction pressure is 3-7MPa; Reaction times is 3-20 hour, and the better reaction times is 5-10 hour.
According to the present invention, transform at the highly effective hydrogenation of water in order effectively to realize biomass polyalcohol, the hydrogenation activity component is essential.The catalyzer of bibliographical information much adopts the noble metal component such as Pt, Ru, Pd (US Pat.6291725,2001; E.P.Maris, R.J.Davis, Journal of Catalysis, 2007,249,328-337; M.G.Musolino, L.A.Scarpino, et.al., Green Chemistry, 2009,11,1511-1513), the report (US Pat.6038094,2004) that adopts the components such as Ni-Re is arranged also.The active ingredient of the catalyzer of the present invention preparation is take base metal nickel as main, has that the catalyzer raw material is easy to get, inexpensive and efficient characteristics.In catalyzer, the content of active ingredient has important impact to the performance of catalyzed reaction, the too low selectivity that can affect product of consumption, the too high reduction that can increase the cost of catalyzer or sometimes cause reactive behavior of consumption, therefore the present invention is in order to guarantee the cost of selectivity of catalyst and catalyzer, improve the efficient of active ingredient, be loaded catalyst with Catalyst Design, the charge capacity of Ni is 1-30%.
According to the present invention, introducing alkaline source in reaction system is the important channel of improving activity and selectivity, promoting effective conversion of biomass polyalcohol.At present, the method that adds of alkaline source is that the alkali such as NaOH that will measure join in reaction soln; This will cause the consumption of a large amount of alkali, can't reclaim, recycle, make the cost of process increase, product separation difficulty, seriously polluted.Therefore, it is catalytic amount that the present invention wishes to add alkaloids, and is to introduce alkaline source in the catalyzer preparation, and not only consumption significantly reduces, and reusable edible, for reducing costs and pollution abatement, has very important significance.In order to improve the utilising efficiency of alkali, the present invention uses basic oxide, comprises La
2O
3, MgO, CaO, SrO, one or more of BaO.In addition, these oxide compounds add the dispersiveness that can improve active ingredient, prevent the gathering of active ingredient, thereby improve the stability of catalyzer.The alkaline metal oxide add-on is the 0.1%-15.0% of catalyzer total mass.
According to the present invention, the performance of loaded catalyst and use carrier related.Be easy to interact between metal active constituent and carrier.The present invention adopts and has the gac of high surface area as carrier, the Uniform Dispersion that so not only is conducive to metal component, and surperficial oxy radical can with the metal component complexing, thereby cause metal component in conjunction with firm, reduction the time is uniformly dispersed, and particularly this carrier is the carrier of a kind of convenient sources, with low cost, excellent performance.
According to the present invention, before catalyzer uses, at first need through the better catalytic performance of reduction process competence exertion.The reduction of existing nickel-base catalyst is mainly by hydrogen reducing under high temperature (US Pat.6038094,2004); But the reduction temperature that needs is very high, and the crystal grain of the nickel metal after causing reducing is large, and catalytic activity is low.In order to improve catalytic activity, the present invention adopts the support of the catalyst that can make the active ingredient high dispersive, makes active ingredient and auxiliary agent oxide compound on supported catalyst form nanoparticle on carrier surface; Simultaneously, carbothermic reduction-KBH is adopted in the reduction of catalyzer preparation
4The method of processing is again produced by substep, reduces the reduction temperature of catalyzer, keeps the high dispersion state of active ingredient, improves catalyst performance.
According to the present invention, this reaction system is under the alkali-free condition, directly adopt the biomass polyalcohol aqueous solution as reaction system, do not need additionally to add alkaline additive or adopt alkaline aqueous solution, therefore, this reaction is to carry out under nearly neutral aqueous conditions, and biomass polyalcohol is selected Xylitol, sorbyl alcohol, N.F,USP MANNITOL etc.Adopting solution is without alkali aqueous solution, and its advantage mainly is: polyvalent alcohol derives from the biomass carbon hydrate mostly, if directly use the aqueous solution, can significantly reduce dehydration and separating step energy consumption in the raw material procurement process.Biomass polyalcohol is mostly easily water-soluble, and water is as solvent cleaned environmental protection and inexpensive.Owing to not using alkali, can alleviate the difficulty of separation, reduce input and the consumption of alkali, reduce discharging and the pollution of alkaline residue.The initial weight concentration that feeds intake of polyatomic alcohol water solution of the present invention is 5-80%, and preferred values is 10-70%, and optimum value is 20-50%; The scission reaction temperature is 150-300 ℃, and better temperature of reaction is 180-250 ℃; Reaction pressure is 2-20MPa, and better reaction pressure is 3-7MPa; Reaction times is 3-20 hour, and the better reaction times is 5-10 hour.
By catalytic amount, claim 1 prepared catalyst is applied in the shortening scission reaction of the biomass polyalcohols such as Xylitol, sorbyl alcohol, N.F,USP MANNITOL Efficient Conversion generating glycol, propylene glycol and glycerol.The method not only has highly selective, and with low cost, method is simple, Efficient Conversion.
The present invention has following characteristics by contrast:
(1) the present invention adopts the biomass polyalcohol aqueous solution of alkali-free to carry out the hydrocracking conversion;
(2) the present invention adopts alkaline metal oxide to prepare the catalyzer of efficient and highly selective as auxiliary agent;
(3) the invention provides a kind of method that biomass polyalcohol hydrocracking is produced ethylene glycol and propylene glycol.Therefore the present invention has novelty and application value.
Embodiment
The preparation process of described catalyzer, at first with absorbent charcoal carrier incipient impregnation (the Ni/La mass ratio is 10: 1) in Ni and the nitric acid La aqueous solution, the Ni charge capacity is 10%, 24 as a child, a dry night.The KBH of 2mol/L is used in 450 ℃ of lower roastings 3 hours in silica tube afterwards afterwards
4Solution-treated 4 hours.Be used for the reaction of embodiment 1 after this catalyzer preparation.
The preparation method is the same for other embodiment used catalysts, and difference is to change basic oxide precursor and relevant content.
The following example will help to understand the present invention, but content of the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1:
With 5 gram Ni-La
2O
3(Ni 10%, La for/AC
2O
3, in La 1%) and catalyzer joins in the reactor of the Xylitol aqueous solution that contains 150g10%.Adopt temperature automatically controlled with temperature programming to 200 ℃ of temperature of reaction, be filled with 5MPa hydrogen, reacted 6 hours, keep pressure constant in reaction process.Reaction product adopts gas chromatographic analysis, and raw material adopts liquid-phase chromatographic analysis.Reaction result sees Table one.
Embodiment 2:
6 gram Ni-MgO/AC (Ni 20%, and MgO is in Mg 0.5%) catalyzer is joined in the reactor of the Xylitol aqueous solution that contains 150g10%.Adopt temperature automatically controlled with temperature programming to 200 ℃ of temperature of reaction, be filled with 6MPa hydrogen, reacted 6 hours, keep pressure constant in reaction process.Reaction product adopts gas chromatographic analysis, and raw material adopts liquid-phase chromatographic analysis.Reaction result sees Table one.
Embodiment 3:
4 gram Ni-CaO/AC (Ni 5%, and CaO is in Ca 2%) catalyzer is joined in the reactor of the Xylitol aqueous solution that contains 150g 15%.Adopt temperature automatically controlled with temperature programming to 180 ℃ of temperature of reaction, be filled with 5MPa hydrogen, reacted 8 hours, keep pressure constant in reaction process.Reaction product adopts gas chromatographic analysis, and raw material adopts liquid-phase chromatographic analysis.Reaction result sees Table one.
Embodiment 4:
5 gram Ni-SrO/AC (Ni 10%, and SrO is in Sr 4%) catalyzer is joined in the reactor of the Xylitol aqueous solution that contains 150g 25%.Adopt temperature automatically controlled with temperature programming to 220 ℃ of temperature of reaction, be filled with 3MPa hydrogen, reacted 10 hours, keep pressure constant in reaction process.Reaction product adopts gas chromatographic analysis, and raw material adopts liquid-phase chromatographic analysis.Reaction result sees Table one.
Embodiment 5:
3 gram Ni-BaO/AC (Ni 15%, and BaO is in Ba 5%) catalyzer is joined in the reactor of the Xylitol alcohol solution that contains 200g 5%.Adopt temperature automatically controlled with temperature programming to 200 ℃ of temperature of reaction, be filled with 3MPa hydrogen, reacted 12 hours, keep pressure constant in reaction process.Reaction product adopts gas chromatographic analysis, and raw material adopts liquid-phase chromatographic analysis.Reaction result sees Table one.
Embodiment 6:
With 5 gram Ni-La
2O
3(Ni 10%, La for/AC
2O
3, in La 1%) and catalyzer joins in the reactor of the sorbitol aqueous solution that contains 150g10%.Adopt temperature automatically controlled with temperature programming to 200 ℃ of temperature of reaction, be filled with 5MPa hydrogen, reacted 6 hours, keep pressure constant in reaction process.Reaction product adopts gas chromatographic analysis, and raw material adopts liquid-phase chromatographic analysis.Reaction result sees Table one.
Embodiment 7:
3 gram Ni-MgO/AC (Ni 10%, and MgO is in Mg 10%) catalyzer is joined in the reactor of the sorbitol aqueous solution that contains 150g 15%.Adopt temperature automatically controlled with temperature programming to 200 ℃ of temperature of reaction, be filled with 5MPa hydrogen, reacted 6 hours, keep pressure constant in reaction process.Reaction product adopts gas chromatographic analysis, and raw material adopts liquid-phase chromatographic analysis.Reaction result sees Table one.
Embodiment 8:
(Ni 10%, and Ca1%) catalyzer joins in the reactor of the sorbitol aqueous solution that contains 150g 20% with 5 gram Ni-CaO/AC.Adopt temperature automatically controlled with temperature programming to 200 ℃ of temperature of reaction, be filled with 5MPa hydrogen, reacted 6 hours, keep pressure constant in reaction process.Reaction product adopts gas chromatographic analysis, and raw material adopts liquid-phase chromatographic analysis.Reaction result sees Table one.
Embodiment 9:
(Ni 10%, and Sr1%) catalyzer joins in the reactor of the sorbitol aqueous solution that contains 150g 5% with 5 gram Ni-SrO/AC.Adopt temperature automatically controlled with temperature programming to 200 ℃ of temperature of reaction, be filled with 5MPa hydrogen, reacted 6 hours, keep pressure constant in reaction process.Reaction product adopts gas chromatographic analysis, and raw material adopts liquid-phase chromatographic analysis.Reaction result sees Table one.
Embodiment 10:
2 gram Ni-BaO/AC (Ni 10%, and Ba 15%) catalyzer is joined in the reactor of the sorbitol aqueous solution that contains 150g 40%.Adopt temperature automatically controlled with temperature programming to 280 ℃ of temperature of reaction, be filled with 5MPa hydrogen, reacted 12 hours, keep pressure constant in reaction process.Reaction product adopts gas chromatographic analysis, and raw material adopts liquid-phase chromatographic analysis.Reaction result sees Table one.
Embodiment 11:
With 10 gram Ni-La
2O
3(Ni 5%, and La1%) catalyzer joins in the reactor of the Osmitrol that contains 150g 80% for/AC.Adopt temperature automatically controlled with temperature programming to 200 ℃ of temperature of reaction, be filled with 5MPa hydrogen, reacted 6 hours, keep pressure constant in reaction process.Reaction product adopts gas chromatographic analysis, and raw material adopts liquid-phase chromatographic analysis.Reaction result sees Table one.
Embodiment 12:
(Ni 10%, and Mg1%) catalyzer joins in the reactor of the Osmitrol that contains 150g 5% with 5 gram Ni-MgO/AC.Adopt temperature automatically controlled with temperature programming to 180 ℃ of temperature of reaction, be filled with 5MPa hydrogen, reacted 6 hours, keep pressure constant in reaction process.Reaction product adopts gas chromatographic analysis, and raw material adopts liquid-phase chromatographic analysis.Reaction result sees Table one.
Embodiment 13:
(Ni 1%, and Ca12%) catalyzer joins in the reactor of the Osmitrol that contains 150g 50% with 3 gram Ni-CaO/AC.Adopt temperature automatically controlled with temperature programming to 200 ℃ of temperature of reaction, be filled with 5MPa hydrogen, reacted 6 hours, keep pressure constant in reaction process.Reaction product adopts gas chromatographic analysis, and raw material adopts liquid-phase chromatographic analysis.Reaction result sees Table one.
Embodiment 14:
10 gram Ni-SrO/AC (Ni 10%, and Sr 0.3%) catalyzer is joined in the reactor of the Osmitrol that contains 150g 15%.Adopt temperature automatically controlled with temperature programming to 250 ℃ of temperature of reaction, be filled with 5MPa hydrogen, reacted 5 hours, keep pressure constant in reaction process.Reaction product adopts gas chromatographic analysis, and raw material adopts liquid-phase chromatographic analysis.Reaction result sees Table one.
Embodiment 15:
5 gram Ni-BaO/AC (Ni 10%, and Ba 0.1%) catalyzer is joined in the reactor of the Osmitrol that contains 150g 5%.Adopt temperature automatically controlled with temperature programming to 220 ℃ of temperature of reaction, be filled with 5MPa hydrogen, reacted 4 hours, keep pressure constant in reaction process.Reaction product adopts gas chromatographic analysis, and raw material adopts liquid-phase chromatographic analysis.Reaction result sees Table one.
Table one biomass polyol hydrocracking is produced the low-carbon polyol reaction result
Claims (6)
1. the application of catalyzer in the hydrocracking of biological multielement alcohol, is characterized in that: adopt alkaline metal oxide to prepare loading type Ni as the catalyzer alkaline source catalyst based; This catalyzer is in hydrocracking generating glycol, propylene glycol and/or the glycerol of biomass polyalcohol.
2. according to application claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: Ni is the hydrogenation activity component, and content is the 1-30% of catalyzer total mass; The alkaline metal oxide add-on is the 0.1%-15.0% of catalyzer total mass, mainly is selected from La
2O
3, MgO, CaO, SrO, one or more of BaO; Surplus is absorbent charcoal carrier.
3. according to application claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the preparation process of described catalyzer, at first with charcoal carrier incipient impregnation in the soluble metal salt brine solution of Ni and basic oxide precursor, will contain Ni and the basic oxide precursor loads on absorbent charcoal carrier; Then at high temperature produce metal catalyst by the burning carbon thermal reduction, its maturing temperature is 450-650 ℃, 3-8 hour; Metal catalyst after carbothermic reduction is the KBH by 1-2mol/L again
4Solution-treated 1-4 hour.
4. according to application claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: biomass polyalcohol is selected one or two or more kinds in Xylitol, sorbyl alcohol, N.F,USP MANNITOL, and solution is the aqueous solution, and feeding intake, the weight concentration of the biomass polyalcohol aqueous solution is 2-80% when initial; The scission reaction temperature is 150-300 ℃; Reaction pressure is 2-20MPa; Reaction times is 3-20 hour.
5. according to application claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: feeding intake, the weight concentration of the biomass polyalcohol aqueous solution is 5-60% when initial; The scission reaction temperature is 180-250 ℃; Reaction pressure is 3-7MPa; Reaction times is 5-10 hour.
6. according to the described application of claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that: the weight concentration of the biomass polyalcohol aqueous solution is 8-50%.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104710277A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2015-06-17 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Method for preparation of low carbon alcohol by hydrogenolysis of sugar and sugar alcohol |
| WO2018233677A1 (en) | 2017-06-22 | 2018-12-27 | 长春美禾科技发展有限公司 | Acid-resistant alloy catalyst |
| CN110483239A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-11-22 | 同济大学 | A kind of preparation method of propylene glycol |
| EP3653595A1 (en) | 2014-09-28 | 2020-05-20 | Changchun Meihe Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. | Method for preparing diol |
| US10759727B2 (en) | 2016-02-19 | 2020-09-01 | Intercontinental Great Brands Llc | Processes to create multiple value streams from biomass sources |
| CN115636720A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-01-24 | 同济大学 | Method for producing 1, 2-propylene glycol by one-step method catalysis biomass |
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| CN101372444A (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2009-02-25 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Method for hydrocracking glycyl alcohol |
| CN101381280A (en) * | 2007-09-05 | 2009-03-11 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Application of Ni base supported catalyst in hydrogenolysis process of glycyl alcohol |
| CN102019185A (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2011-04-20 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Supported catalyst and application thereof in hydrocracking reaction of xylitol |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104710277A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2015-06-17 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Method for preparation of low carbon alcohol by hydrogenolysis of sugar and sugar alcohol |
| EP3653595A1 (en) | 2014-09-28 | 2020-05-20 | Changchun Meihe Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. | Method for preparing diol |
| US10759727B2 (en) | 2016-02-19 | 2020-09-01 | Intercontinental Great Brands Llc | Processes to create multiple value streams from biomass sources |
| US11840500B2 (en) | 2016-02-19 | 2023-12-12 | Intercontinental Great Brands Llc | Processes to create multiple value streams from biomass sources |
| WO2018233677A1 (en) | 2017-06-22 | 2018-12-27 | 长春美禾科技发展有限公司 | Acid-resistant alloy catalyst |
| CN110483239A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-11-22 | 同济大学 | A kind of preparation method of propylene glycol |
| WO2021036374A1 (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-03-04 | 同济大学 | Composite catalyst and application thereof in preparation method for propylene glycol |
| CN115636720A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-01-24 | 同济大学 | Method for producing 1, 2-propylene glycol by one-step method catalysis biomass |
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Application publication date: 20130619 |