CN103158707B - Intelligent start/stop control system - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种智能启停控制系统，该智能启停控制系统用于汽车、优选用于常规汽车，其中，该智能启停控制系统包括智能启停控制器(1)和变速杆(2)；其中，变速杆(2)上设置有一键启动开关(21)，弹性件(22)以及活动件(23)；活动件(23)按压弹性件(22)时，一键启动开关(21)接合并发出一键启动信号，智能启停控制器(1)根据一键启动信号控制启动继电器；并且，所述智能启停控制系统还包括位于挡位面板处的控制轮廓(3)，所述控制轮廓(3)与活动件(23)相互作用以确保当变速杆(2)挂入行驶挡时，所述活动件(23)按压弹性件(22)。
The invention relates to an intelligent start-stop control system, which is used for automobiles, preferably conventional automobiles, wherein the intelligent start-stop control system comprises an intelligent start-stop controller (1) and a shift lever (2) ; wherein, the shift lever (2) is provided with a one-key start switch (21), an elastic part (22) and a movable part (23); when the movable part (23) presses the elastic part (22), the one-key start switch (21) Engaging and sending a one-key start signal, the intelligent start-stop controller (1) controls the start relay according to the one-key start signal; and, the intelligent start-stop control system also includes a control profile (3) located at the gear panel, the The control profile (3) interacts with the movable part (23) to ensure that said movable part (23) presses against the elastic part (22) when the shift lever (2) is engaged in drive.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种智能启停控制系统，该智能启停控制系统可用于汽车，尤其用于常规汽车。 The invention relates to an intelligent start-stop control system, which can be used for automobiles, especially conventional automobiles.
背景技术 Background technique
现代社会，人们大规模使用汽车代步。行车中经常会遇到等红绿灯、堵车、停车聊天或停车办一些小事情等情况。这些情况，人们习惯会让发动机处在怠速工况。如果能在此时关闭发动机，则通常可明显减少怠速燃料消耗。又因为发动机启动油耗较大，如果短时间频繁启停，则节约下来的怠速油耗会小于频繁启停消耗的燃料。由此就存在如下需求，即，恰当地判断，何时需要怠速运转，何时需要进行智能停机。同时，还存在如下需求，即，确保在智能停机之后，在恰当的时间点上重新启动发动机。 In modern society, people use cars on a large scale. When driving, we often encounter situations such as waiting for traffic lights, traffic jams, stopping to chat, or stopping to do some small things. In these situations, people are used to keeping the engine at idle speed. If the engine can be shut off at this point, idle fuel consumption can often be significantly reduced. And because the engine consumes a lot of fuel when starting, if it is started and stopped frequently in a short period of time, the saved idling fuel consumption will be less than the fuel consumed by frequent starts and stops. Therefore, there is a demand for properly judging when idling is required and when intelligent shutdown is required. At the same time, there is also a need to ensure that the engine is restarted at an appropriate point in time after an intelligent shutdown.
为满足上述需求，已研制出了智能启停控制系统。然而，目前汽车上的智能启停控制系统几乎都针对混合动力车而设计，其与混合动力车中的较大功率的启动电机(该电机兼有常规汽车的启动电机和发电机功能且通过大容量电池供电)相匹配，直接把汽车拖起步，同时完成发动机启动。显然，针对混合动力车而设计的智能启停控制系统需要与大功率电机和大容量电池配合运行，因而不适用于常规汽车；此外，这种成本较高的智能启停控制系统对于混合动力车而言(混合动力车本身的总造价较高因而对成本不敏感，能够采用较高成本的部件)可能是合适的；但是，其不适用于常规汽车，因为，常规汽车的购买者则对价格较敏感。 In order to meet the above needs, an intelligent start-stop control system has been developed. Yet the intelligent start-stop control system on the automobile is almost all designed for the hybrid vehicle at present, and it is combined with the relatively high-power starter motor in the hybrid vehicle (this motor has both the starter motor and the generator function of the conventional car and is passed through a large Capacity battery power supply) matching, directly drag the car to start, and complete the engine start at the same time. Obviously, the smart start-stop control system designed for hybrid vehicles needs to work with high-power motors and large-capacity batteries, so it is not suitable for conventional cars; (Hybrids themselves have a higher overall cost and are therefore not cost-sensitive and can use higher-cost components); however, it is not suitable for conventional cars, because buyers of conventional cars are more concerned about price. more sensitive.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
因此，本发明目的在于，提供一种良好地适用于常规汽车的智能启停控制系统，其能够以低廉的成本而在常规汽车上实现智能启停，实现节能减排并且成本低廉，便于实现，可靠性高，节省燃料效果显著且适用范围广。 Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of intelligent start-stop control system well applicable to conventional automobiles, which can realize intelligent start-stop on conventional automobiles with low cost, realize energy saving and emission reduction, and have low cost and are easy to realize. High reliability, remarkable fuel saving effect and wide application range.
在本发明的范围中，常规汽车是相对于混合动力汽车等新能源汽车而言的。常规汽车通常包括手动挡汽车、自动挡汽车和手自一体式汽车。 In the scope of the present invention, conventional automobiles are relative to new energy automobiles such as hybrid electric automobiles. Conventional cars usually include manual transmission cars, automatic transmission cars and automated manual cars.
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种用于汽车、优选用于常规汽车的智能启停控制系统，其中，该智能启停控制系统包括 According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an intelligent start-stop control system for automobiles, preferably conventional automobiles, wherein the intelligent start-stop control system includes
智能启停控制器；和 Smart start-stop controller; and
变速杆； gear lever;
其中， in,
变速杆上设置有一键启动开关，弹性件以及活动件；活动件按压弹性件时，一键启动开关接合并发出一键启动信号，智能启停控制器根据一键启动信号控制启动继电器； The shift lever is provided with a one-key start switch, an elastic part and a movable part; when the movable part presses the elastic part, the one-key start switch engages and sends out a one-key start signal, and the intelligent start-stop controller controls the start relay according to the one-key start signal;
并且，该智能启停控制系统还包括 Moreover, the intelligent start-stop control system also includes
位于挡位面板处的控制轮廓，该控制轮廓与活动件相互作用以确保当变速杆挂入行驶挡时，该活动件按压弹性件。 The control profile located at the gear panel, which interacts with the movable part to ensure that when the gear lever is engaged in drive, the movable part presses the elastic part.
在一种最简单的情形下，控制轮廓包括与行驶挡相对应的止挡面以及与非行驶挡相对应的下凹处。非行驶挡例如为空挡、驻车挡等。止挡面使得活动件与弹性件彼此按压。换而言之，弹性件的弹力具有使活动件远离一键启动开关的趋势，而止挡面则阻挡这种趋势。 In the simplest case, the control contour comprises a stop surface corresponding to the driving gear and a depression corresponding to the non-driving gear. The non-driving gears are, for example, neutral gears, park gears, and the like. The stop surface makes the movable part and the elastic part press each other. In other words, the elastic force of the elastic member tends to keep the movable member away from the one-button activation switch, while the stop surface blocks this tendency.
从而，实现了一种易于实现且可靠性高的智能启停控制系统，该智能启停控制系统相对独立，可实现模块化，而不需要对原车进行大量改动。在最简单的情形下，仅需对变速杆和面板进行改装，增加相应的一键启动开关以及相应的触动零件。其中，优选地，一键启动开关与弹性件并行布置，从而，活动件在外力作用下按压弹性件的同时就使得一键启动开关接合。通常情况下，智能启停控制器根据一键启动信号控制启动继电器，从而，启动电机工作以带动发动机起动。在没有外力作用情况下，弹性件将活动件撑开，从而一键启动开关所受压力小，处于断开状态。 Therefore, an intelligent start-stop control system that is easy to implement and has high reliability is realized. The intelligent start-stop control system is relatively independent and can be modularized without a lot of changes to the original vehicle. In the simplest case, only the shift lever and panel need to be modified, and a corresponding one-button start switch and corresponding actuating parts need to be added. Wherein, preferably, the one-button activation switch is arranged in parallel with the elastic member, so that the one-key activation switch is engaged when the movable member presses the elastic member under the action of external force. Normally, the smart start-stop controller controls the start relay according to the one-button start signal, so that the starter motor works to drive the engine to start. Under the condition of no external force, the elastic part stretches the movable part, so that the pressure of the one-button start switch is small, and it is in the disconnected state.
由此，在确保了有需要时能够进行智能停机以便优化汽车怠速工况油耗的前提下，通过本发明的控制轮廓而确保了，在恰当的时刻实现停机后的再启动。也就是说，通过本发明，巧妙把一键启动功能(以与普遍认同的良好停车习惯相结合的方式)融入智能启停控制系统中。 Thus, on the premise of ensuring that the vehicle can be shut down intelligently to optimize the fuel consumption of the vehicle at idling speed, the control profile of the present invention ensures that the vehicle can be restarted after the shutdown at an appropriate moment. That is to say, through the present invention, the one-button start function (in the mode of combining with generally recognized good parking habits) is skillfully integrated into the intelligent start-stop control system.
根据本发明的一种优选实施例，该控制轮廓包括与行驶挡相对应的止挡面；以及与空挡相对应的第一卡洞； According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control profile includes a stop surface corresponding to the driving gear; and a first clamping hole corresponding to the neutral gear;
其中，变速杆处于空挡时，活动件在弹性件的作用下伸入第一卡洞中； Wherein, when the shift lever is in neutral, the movable part extends into the first clamping hole under the action of the elastic part;
优选地，该控制轮廓还包括与驻车挡相对应的第二卡洞且变速杆处于驻车挡时活动件在弹性件的作用下伸入第二卡洞中。 Preferably, the control profile further includes a second clamping hole corresponding to the parking gear, and when the shift lever is in the parking gear, the movable member protrudes into the second clamping hole under the action of the elastic member.
那么，活动件在弹性件的作用下伸入第一卡洞中，意味着没有外力作用。也就是说，由于活动件不受止挡面的阻碍，则弹性件能够将活动件撑开，从而一键启动开关所受压力小，处于断开状态。 Then, the movable part protrudes into the first clamping hole under the action of the elastic part, which means that there is no external force. That is to say, since the movable part is not hindered by the stop surface, the elastic part can spread the movable part, so that the one-key activation switch is under less pressure and is in the disconnected state.
这样就以尤其简单且成本低廉的方式实现了根据本发明的智能启停控制系统，其中，只需要将挡位面板的P挡和N挡旁的、与变速杆处的活动件下端相接触的部位镂空，形成两个卡洞。并在，该方法在对现有的自动挡或手自一体式车辆进行改型时尤其适用。当变速箱处在P挡或N挡时，活动件伸入卡洞中从而被卡住。那么，当驾驶员在换其它挡时，就必然需要提起变速杆的活动件，例如用手按压该弹性件。由此就确保了，当驾驶员从非行驶挡(即，N挡，P挡)挂入行驶挡(即，D挡，R挡)时，实现一键启动开关，从而，确保发动机能够提供车辆行驶所需的动力。 In this way, the intelligent start-stop control system according to the present invention is realized in a particularly simple and low-cost manner, wherein only the P gear and the N gear of the gear panel need to be connected to the lower end of the movable part at the shift lever. The part is hollowed out to form two card holes. And, the method is especially applicable when retrofitting existing automatic transmission or manual-automatic integrated vehicles. When the gearbox is in the P gear or the N gear, the movable part stretches into the stuck hole and gets stuck. Then, when the driver is changing other gears, it is necessary to mention the movable part of the shift lever, such as pressing the elastic part by hand. Thus, it is ensured that when the driver puts the driving gear (that is, D gear, R gear) from the non-driving gear (that is, N gear, P gear), the one-button start switch is realized, thereby ensuring that the engine can provide the vehicle The power required to drive.
根据本发明的又一种优选实施例，该控制轮廓包括与行驶挡相对应的止挡面，与空挡相对应的第一下凹面，以及位于止挡面与第一下凹面之间的第一斜面； According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control profile includes a stop surface corresponding to the driving gear, a first concave surface corresponding to the neutral gear, and a first concave surface located between the stop surface and the first concave surface. slope;
其中，变速杆处于空挡时，活动件在弹性件的作用下伸入第一下凹面中，且变速杆从空挡挂入行驶挡时，活动件在第一斜面的作用下向上移动并按压弹性件。 Wherein, when the shift lever is in neutral, the movable part extends into the first lower concave surface under the action of the elastic part, and when the shift lever is put into the driving gear from neutral, the movable part moves upward under the action of the first inclined surface and presses the elastic part .
当应用于具有驻车挡的车辆上时，优选地，该控制轮廓还包括与驻车挡相对应的第二下凹面以及位于止挡面与第二下凹面之间的第二斜面，其中，变速杆处于驻车挡时，活动件在弹性件的作用下伸入第二下凹面中，且变速杆从驻车挡挂入行驶挡时，活动件在第二斜面的作用下向上移动并按压弹性件。 When applied to a vehicle with a parking gear, preferably, the control profile further includes a second lower concave surface corresponding to the parking gear and a second slope located between the stop surface and the second lower concave surface, wherein, When the shift lever is in the parking gear, the movable part extends into the second lower concave surface under the action of the elastic member, and when the gear lever is shifted from the parking gear to the driving gear, the movable part moves upwards and presses under the action of the second inclined surface elastic piece.
从而，通过设置斜面，省去了驾驶员的手动操作，降低了驾驶员的操作强度，有利于避免驾驶员疲劳从而提高安全性；而同时，仍然确保了，车辆较长时间停车并且发动机智能停机的情况下，一旦出现动力需求(即，行驶需求)，就能够及时地实现智能启动从而确保提供所需的动力。 Therefore, by setting the slope, the manual operation of the driver is omitted, the driver's operating intensity is reduced, and it is beneficial to avoid driver fatigue and improve safety; at the same time, it still ensures that the vehicle stops for a long time and the engine stops intelligently In such a case, once a power demand (that is, a driving demand) occurs, the intelligent start can be realized in time to ensure that the required power is provided.
根据本发明的一种优选实施例，启动继电器与点火钥匙并联控制启动电机。 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the starter relay is connected in parallel with the ignition key to control the starter motor.
根据本发明的还一种优选实施例，该智能启停控制系统还带有喷油继电器，其与EMS(发动机控制模块)主继电器串联控制喷油器。 According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent start-stop control system also has a fuel injection relay, which is connected in series with the EMS (Engine Control Module) main relay to control the fuel injector.
根据本发明的又一种优选实施例，该智能启停控制系统具有总开关，总开关断开时，智能启停控制系统失效。智能启停控制系统失效状态下，启动继电器处于断开状态，喷油继电器处于接合状态。换而言之，此时，恢复常规汽车的人工操作状态，既不进行智能停机也不进行一键启动。此外，也可以通过点火钥匙断电来实现智能启停控制系统失效。 According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent start-stop control system has a main switch, and when the main switch is turned off, the intelligent start-stop control system fails. When the intelligent start-stop control system fails, the start relay is disconnected and the fuel injection relay is engaged. In other words, at this time, the manual operation state of the conventional car is restored, and neither intelligent shutdown nor one-button start is performed. In addition, the failure of the intelligent start-stop control system can also be realized by powering off the ignition key.
根据本发明的一种优选实施例，该智能启停控制系统带有怠速停机条件判断模块，在以下条件均满足时，怠速停机条件判断模块实现怠速停机： According to a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, this intelligent start-stop control system has the idle speed shutdown condition judging module, when the following conditions all meet, the idle speed shutdown condition judging module realizes idle speed shutdown:
智能启停控制系统总开关接合； The main switch of the intelligent start-stop control system is engaged;
车辆停止； the vehicle stops;
制动真空度充足； Sufficient brake vacuum;
电池电量充足； The battery is fully charged;
变速杆位于N挡或P挡； The gear lever is in N or P gear;
发动机热机完成； Engine warm-up completed;
发动机系统和智能启停控制系统无严重故障。 The engine system and the intelligent start-stop control system have no serious malfunctions.
根据本发明的一种优选实施例，该怠速停机条件判断模块在实现怠速停机的同时关闭空调。 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the idling shutdown condition judging module turns off the air conditioner while realizing idling shutdown.
根据本发明的一种优选实施例，该智能启停控制系统带有一键启动条件判断模块，在以下条件均满足时，一键启动条件判断模块实现一键启动： According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent start-stop control system has a one-key start condition judging module, and when the following conditions are met, the one-key start condition judging module realizes one-key start:
智能启停控制系统总开关接合； The main switch of the intelligent start-stop control system is engaged;
一键启动开关闭合； One-button start switch is closed;
发动机处在停机状态； The engine is at a standstill;
发动机系统和智能启停控制系统无严重故障。 The engine system and the intelligent start-stop control system have no serious malfunctions.
根据本发明的又一种优选实施例，该智能启停控制器具有再启动保护模块，从而确保，若发动机处在运行中，则即使存在一键启动信号，启动继电器也不接合。 According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent start-stop controller has a restart protection module, so as to ensure that if the engine is running, the start relay will not engage even if there is a one-button start signal.
根据本发明的又一种优选实施例，一键启动开关为一键启动按键，该一键启动按键镶嵌在变速杆处，并且，一键启动按键处在活动件和弹性材料之间；或者，一键启动按键与弹性材料并行地布置。从而，活动件能够在外力作用下按压弹性材料和一键启动按键，而外力消失时，弹性材料将活动件撑开，从而，恢复自然状态，即，一键启动按键不接合。 According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the one-key start switch is a one-key start button, which is inlaid at the shift lever, and the one-key start button is located between the movable part and the elastic material; or, The one-button start button is arranged in parallel with the elastic material. Therefore, the movable part can press the elastic material and the one-key start button under the action of external force, and when the external force disappears, the elastic material will stretch the movable part, thereby returning to the natural state, that is, the one-key start button is not engaged.
根据本发明的又一种优选实施例，该活动件可以是活动轴，其布置在变速杆内或布置在变速杆旁。 According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the movable member may be a movable shaft arranged inside or beside the gearshift lever.
根据本发明的又一种优选实施例，设置有空调继电器，其与空调压缩机继电器串联控制空调压缩机。该空调继电器可以减轻启动电机启动发动机时的负载，能有效保护启动电机和蓄电池。 According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, an air conditioner relay is provided, which is connected in series with the air conditioner compressor relay to control the air conditioner compressor. The air conditioner relay can reduce the load of the starter motor when starting the engine, and can effectively protect the starter motor and the storage battery.
根据本发明的又一种优选实施例而规定，启动继电器的自然状态为断开状态，喷油继电器的自然状态为接合状态，空调继电器的自然状态为接合状态。 According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the natural state of the starter relay is the off state, the natural state of the fuel injection relay is the engaged state, and the natural state of the air conditioner relay is the engaged state.
根据本发明的又一种优选实施例，点火钥匙上电且智能启停控制系统总开关接合时，智能启停控制系统进入待命状态。该待命状态下启动继电器处于断开状态，喷油继电器处于接合状态，空调继电器处于接合状态。处在此状态下的汽车有智能启停功能。 According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the ignition key is powered on and the main switch of the intelligent start-stop control system is engaged, the intelligent start-stop control system enters the standby state. In this standby state, the starter relay is in the disconnected state, the fuel injection relay is in the engaged state, and the air conditioner relay is in the engaged state. The car in this state has the function of intelligent start and stop.
根据本发明的又一种优选实施例，待命状态下，智能启停控制系统可执行两种智能动作：一个智能动作为停机动作。执行停机动作时，启动继电器处于断开状态，喷油继电器处于断开状态，空调继电器处于接合状态。另一个智能动作为启动动作。执行此动作时，优选地，空调继电器要先断开，然后喷油继电器接合，然后启动继电器接合。当发动机成功喷油点火后，启动继电器断开，喷油继电器保持接合。直到发动机启动成功后，空调继电器再接合。 According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the standby state, the intelligent start-stop control system can execute two intelligent actions: one intelligent action is a shutdown action. When the shutdown action is executed, the start relay is in the disconnected state, the fuel injection relay is in the disconnected state, and the air conditioner relay is in the engaged state. Another smart action is the start action. When performing this action, preferably, the air conditioner relay should be disconnected first, then the fuel injection relay should be connected, and then the start relay should be connected. When the engine is successfully injected and ignited, the starter relay is disconnected and the fuel injection relay remains engaged. After the engine starts successfully, the air conditioner relay is engaged again.
根据本发明的又一种优选实施例，智能启停控制系统的控制策略以如下假定条件为前提： According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control strategy of the intelligent start-stop control system is based on the following assumptions:
即，以自动挡汽车为例，假定驾驶员遵循如下良好停车习惯： That is, taking an automatic transmission car as an example, it is assumed that the driver follows the following good parking habits:
a)、T停<15s保持D挡，踩脚刹； a), T stop < 15s, keep the D gear, step on the foot brake;
b)、15s<T停<45s挂N挡，拉手刹； b), 15s<T stop <45s put N gear, pull the handbrake;
c)、T停>45s挂P挡，拉手刹。 c), T stop > 45s, put the P gear, pull the handbrake.
而根据实验，怠速7s油耗相当于一次热启动的油耗。因此过短时间停车时，进行启停操作，不能节省燃料反而更浪费燃料，同时浪费电量并缩短启动电机寿命。为了节省燃料并尽可能少损耗汽车部件，短时间停车是不能触发智能启停控制系统的。 According to the experiment, the fuel consumption of idling for 7s is equivalent to the fuel consumption of a hot start. Therefore, when the vehicle stops for a short period of time, the start-stop operation cannot save fuel but wastes more fuel, wastes electricity and shortens the life of the starter motor at the same time. In order to save fuel and reduce the loss of car parts as much as possible, the smart start-stop control system cannot be triggered by short-term parking.
与上述停车习惯相对应，则，a)情况不触发智能启停控制系统，b)、c)情况需要触发智能启停控制系统。上述停车习惯可能在用户操作指导书里写明，用于引导更多驾驶员养成良好的停车习惯，从而达到节能减排目的。 Corresponding to the above parking habits, then, a) the situation does not trigger the intelligent start-stop control system, b) and c) the situation needs to trigger the intelligent start-stop control system. The above parking habits may be stated in the user's operating instructions to guide more drivers to develop good parking habits, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction.
由于车辆电池电量在技术上还没有重大突破，因此，根据本发明的又一种优选实施例而规定，为了确保每次智能停机后电池都有足够电力支持下次智能启动，应执行如下策略： Since the battery power of the vehicle has not yet made a major breakthrough in technology, according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to ensure that the battery has enough power to support the next smart start after each smart shutdown, the following strategies should be implemented:
每次智能停机后以及上电点火且未启动发动机前，采集电池平均电压V平均，并根据V平均的大小确定下次智能停机前，发动机需要运行(发电)最小时间Tmin，例如，如下表所示： After each intelligent shutdown and before the ignition is turned on and the engine is not started, the average battery voltage V average is collected, and the minimum time T min for the engine to run (power generation) is determined according to the value of V average before the next intelligent shutdown, for example, as shown in the following table Shown:
表：最小发电时间对应电池电压关系 Table: The relationship between the minimum power generation time and the battery voltage
为了更好保护启动电机，智能启动前，应尽可能减小启动电机的负载，因此，根据本发明的又一种优选实施例而规定，若变速器处于P挡或N挡，则同时关闭大功率电器，其中，一般来说，大功率电器有大灯和空调，但大灯关系到行车安全，故不能关。换而言之，通常，在智能停机时，关闭空调。 In order to better protect the starter motor, before the smart start, the load on the starter motor should be reduced as much as possible. Therefore, according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, if the transmission is in the P gear or the N gear, the high-power Electrical appliances, among them, generally speaking, high-power electrical appliances include headlights and air conditioners, but the headlights are related to driving safety, so they cannot be turned off. In other words, usually, when the smart shutdown occurs, the air conditioner is turned off.
为了更好保护发动机缸体，根据本发明的又一种优选实施例而规定，智能启停控制系统工作前，激活润滑系统，也就是，确保冷却水温度大于标定值。 In order to better protect the engine block, according to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, before the intelligent start-stop control system works, activate the lubrication system, that is, ensure that the temperature of the cooling water is greater than the calibration value.
根据本发明的又一种优选实施例而规定，当智能启停控制系统总开关没有按下时，智能启停控制系统断电停止运行，汽车发动机系统只受EMS控制。而当智能启停控制系统总开关按下，智能启停控制系统则开始运行。如果变速杆处于行驶挡，也就是，不处于N挡或P挡，智能启停控制系统只处在待命状态(只监测信号)。如果汽车停车，变速器挂到N挡或P挡，水温大于标定值，电池电量充足，那么智能启停控制系统将发动其停机动作，关闭发动机。等到驾驶员要把变速杆从N挡或P挡挂到D挡时，触发一键启动开关，发动机启动。 According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the main switch of the intelligent start-stop control system is not pressed, the intelligent start-stop control system is powered off and stops running, and the automobile engine system is only controlled by the EMS. When the main switch of the intelligent start-stop control system is pressed, the intelligent start-stop control system starts to operate. If the gear lever is in the driving gear, that is, not in the N gear or the P gear, the intelligent start-stop control system is only in a standby state (only monitoring signals). If the car is parked, the transmission is in N or P gear, the water temperature is greater than the calibration value, and the battery is fully charged, then the intelligent start-stop control system will start its shutdown action and shut down the engine. When the driver is about to hang the shift lever from N gear or P gear to D gear, trigger the one-button start switch, and the engine starts.
根据本发明的又一种优选实施例而规定，如果停机过长，智能启停控制系统将失效。 According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, if the shutdown is too long, the intelligent start-stop control system will fail.
根据本发明的又一种优选实施例而规定，如果发动机已经启动，即，已处于运转状态，则，触发一键启动开关，启动电机也不工作。 According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, if the engine has already been started, that is, already in a running state, the starter motor will not work even if the one-button start switch is triggered.
根据本发明的又一种优选实施例而规定，智能启停控制系统进行智能启停电池电量储备和发动机启动准备。 According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is stipulated that the intelligent start-stop control system performs intelligent start-stop battery power reserve and engine start preparation.
根据本发明的又一种优选实施例而规定，智能启停控制系统根据上一次启动前的电池电压来估算电池容量，并参照标定时间进行充电储备，以供下一次智能启停动作使用。 According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent start-stop control system estimates the battery capacity according to the battery voltage before the last start, and refers to the calibration time for charging reserve for the next intelligent start-stop action.
根据本发明的又一种优选实施例而规定，智能启停控制系统激活润滑燃料系统、减轻启动电机工作负载并进行再启动保护。 According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent start-stop control system activates the lubricating fuel system, reduces the workload of the starter motor and performs restart protection.
根据本发明的又一种优选实施例而规定，当水温大于标定值时，智能启停控制系统才能执行停机和启动动作。 According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent start-stop control system can only execute stop and start actions when the water temperature is greater than the calibration value.
根据本发明的又一种优选实施例而规定，智能启停控制系统在启动发动机前先关闭空调压缩机，而待发动机启动成功后，再启动空调压缩机。 According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent start-stop control system shuts down the air-conditioning compressor before starting the engine, and then starts the air-conditioning compressor after the engine is successfully started.
根据本发明的又一种优选实施例而规定，当发动机正在运行时，即便一键启动开关被触发，智能启停控制系统也不将启动继电器接合，从而，启动电机不工作。这样就实现了再启动保护。 According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the engine is running, even if the one-button start switch is triggered, the intelligent start-stop control system will not engage the start relay, thus the starter motor will not work. In this way, restart protection is realized.
附图说明 Description of drawings
下面借助图纸对本发明的一种实施例进行说明。其中： An exemplary embodiment of the invention is described below with the aid of drawings. in:
图1显示了根据本发明一种优选实施例的智能启停控制系统的变速杆； Fig. 1 has shown the shift lever of the intelligent start-stop control system according to a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图2a显示了根据本发明一种优选实施例的智能启停控制系统的挡位面板； Figure 2a shows a gear panel of an intelligent start-stop control system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图2b显示了根据本发明一种优选实施例的智能启停控制系统的另一挡位面板； Fig. 2b shows another gear panel of the intelligent start-stop control system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图3显示了根据本发明一种优选实施例的智能启停控制系统的电路模块图； Fig. 3 has shown the circuit block diagram of the intelligent start-stop control system according to a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图4显示了根据本发明一种优选实施例的智能启停控制系统的流程图。 Fig. 4 shows a flowchart of an intelligent start-stop control system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面，以在自动挡汽车上的应用为例，对根据本发明的智能启停控制系统的一种实施例进行说明。 Next, an embodiment of the intelligent start-stop control system according to the present invention will be described by taking the application in an automatic transmission vehicle as an example.
根据本发明的智能启停控制系统包括智能启停控制器1和变速杆2，其中，如图1所示，变速杆2上设置有一键启动开关21，弹性件22以及活动件23。 The intelligent start-stop control system according to the present invention includes an intelligent start-stop controller 1 and a shift lever 2, wherein, as shown in FIG.
在外力(该外力大于弹性件22的弹力)作用下，活动件23按压弹性件22，从而，一键启动开关21接合并发出一键启动信号。从图3可见，智能启停控制器1接收该一键启动信号并在此基础上控制启动继电器。 Under the action of an external force (the external force is greater than the elastic force of the elastic member 22), the movable member 23 presses the elastic member 22, so that the one-key start switch 21 engages and sends out a one-key start signal. It can be seen from FIG. 3 that the intelligent start-stop controller 1 receives the one-button start signal and controls the start relay on this basis.
此外，该智能启停控制系统还包括 In addition, the intelligent start-stop control system also includes
位于挡位面板处的控制轮廓3，控制轮廓3的两种优选实施方式示出于图2a和图2b中。该控制轮廓3确保当变速杆2挂入行驶挡时，该活动件23按压弹性件22。重要的是，该控制轮廓3确保了在恰当的时间点上(也就是，当出现动力需求时)一定会出现使一键启动开关21接合的外力。换而言之，本发明确保了，在挂入行驶挡时，必然会有足以克服弹性件的弹力的外力作用到活动件23上从而按压弹性件22。而在具体情形中，这种外力可通过不同的控制轮廓3而以不同方式来实现。 Two preferred embodiments of the control profile 3 at the gear panel are shown in Figures 2a and 2b. The control contour 3 ensures that the movable part 23 presses the elastic part 22 when the selector lever 2 is engaged in drive. Importantly, this control profile 3 ensures that at the right point in time (ie when the power demand arises) there must be an external force to engage the push-button switch 21 . In other words, the present invention ensures that when the driving gear is engaged, an external force sufficient to overcome the elastic force of the elastic member will act on the movable member 23 to press the elastic member 22 . In specific cases, however, this external force can be realized in different ways by means of different control profiles 3 .
本发明的控制轮廓3的一种优选实施方式示出于图2a中，其中，如图所示，该控制轮廓3包括与行驶挡相对应的止挡面31；以及与空挡相对应的第一卡洞321；其中，变速杆处于空挡时，活动件23在弹性件22的作用下伸入第一卡洞321中，此时，一键启动开关21不接合。这一点，对于各种常规汽车均适用。 A preferred embodiment of the control profile 3 of the invention is shown in FIG. 2a, wherein, as shown, the control profile 3 comprises a stop surface 31 corresponding to the drive gear; and a first stop surface 31 corresponding to the neutral gear. Card hole 321; Wherein, when the shift lever is in neutral, the movable part 23 extends into the first card hole 321 under the action of the elastic member 22, and at this time, the one-key start switch 21 is not engaged. This point is all applicable to various conventional automobiles.
优选地，在具有驻车挡的汽车中，例如在自动挡汽车或带有手自一体式变速器的汽车中，该控制轮廓3还包括与驻车挡相对应的第二卡洞322，并且，且变速杆处于驻车挡时活动件23在弹性件22的作用下伸入第二卡洞322中，此时，一键启动开关21同样不接合。 Preferably, in a car with a parking gear, such as an automatic transmission car or a car with an automated manual transmission, the control profile 3 also includes a second clamping hole 322 corresponding to the parking gear, and, And when the shift lever is in the parking gear, the movable part 23 extends into the second clamping hole 322 under the action of the elastic part 22. At this time, the one-key start switch 21 is also not engaged.
本发明的控制轮廓3的一种优选实施方式示出于图2b中，其中，该控制轮廓3包括与行驶挡相对应的止挡面31，与空挡相对应的第一下凹面331；以及位于止挡面31与第一下凹面331之间的第一斜面331r。 A preferred embodiment of the control profile 3 of the present invention is shown in FIG. 2b, wherein the control profile 3 includes a stop surface 31 corresponding to the driving gear, a first concave surface 331 corresponding to the neutral gear; The first inclined surface 331 r between the stop surface 31 and the first lower concave surface 331 .
其中，那么，与图2a所示实施例相类似地，变速杆处于空挡时，活动件23在弹性件22的作用下伸入第一下凹面331中，且变速杆从空挡挂入行驶挡时，活动件23在第一斜面331r的作用下向上移动并按压弹性件22。也就是说，无需驾驶员的额外的操作手动按压一键启动开关21或者说提起变速杆的活动轴)，活动件23自动地向上移动并按压弹性件22和一键启动开关21。类似地，这一点，对于各种常规汽车均适用。 Wherein, then, similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2a, when the shift lever is in neutral, the movable member 23 extends into the first lower concave surface 331 under the action of the elastic member 22, and when the shift lever is engaged in the driving gear from neutral, , the movable part 23 moves upwards and presses the elastic part 22 under the action of the first inclined surface 331r. That is to say, the movable part 23 moves upwards automatically and presses the elastic part 22 and the one-key start switch 21 without the driver's additional operation manually pressing the one-key start switch 21 or lifting the movable shaft of the shift lever. Similarly, this holds true for all kinds of conventional cars.
同样，优选地，在具有驻车挡的汽车中，例如在自动挡汽车或带有手自一体式变速器的汽车中，该控制轮廓3还包括与驻车挡相对应的第二下凹面332以及位于止挡面31与第二下凹面332之间的第二斜面332r，其中，变速杆处于驻车挡时，活动件23在弹性件22的作用下伸入第二下凹面332中，且变速杆从驻车挡挂入行驶挡时，活动件23在第二斜面332r的作用下向上移动并按压弹性件22。这同样有利于降低驾驶员的操作强度。 Likewise, preferably, in a car with a parking gear, such as an automatic transmission car or a car with an automated manual transmission, the control profile 3 also includes a second lower concave surface 332 corresponding to the parking gear and The second inclined surface 332r located between the stop surface 31 and the second lower concave surface 332, wherein, when the shift lever is in the parking gear, the movable member 23 extends into the second lower concave surface 332 under the action of the elastic member 22, and shifts When the lever is shifted from the parking gear to the driving gear, the movable part 23 moves upwards and presses the elastic part 22 under the action of the second slope 332r. This is also conducive to reducing the driver's operating intensity.
图3示出了智能启停控制系统的一种优选实施例的电路模块图，从图3清楚可见，智能启停控制系统中，启动继电器与点火钥匙并联控制启动电机，且智能启停控制系统还带有喷油继电器，其与EMS主继电器串联控制喷油器。 Fig. 3 has shown the circuit block diagram of a kind of preferred embodiment of intelligent start-stop control system, it can be clearly seen from Fig. 3 that in the intelligent start-stop control system, the starting relay and the ignition key are connected in parallel to control the starter motor, and the intelligent start-stop control system There is also an injection relay which is connected in series with the EMS main relay to control the injectors.
从图3中还可见智能启停控制系统总开关11，总开关11断开时，智能启停控制系统失效。 It can also be seen from Fig. 3 that the main switch 11 of the intelligent start-stop control system, when the main switch 11 is disconnected, the intelligent start-stop control system fails.
图4中示出了根据本发明的智能启停控制系统的一种优选实施例的流程图，由此可见，在以下条件(即，怠速停机条件)均满足时实现怠速停机： Fig. 4 shows a flow chart according to a preferred embodiment of the intelligent start-stop control system of the present invention, as can be seen, when the following conditions (i.e., idle-speed shutdown conditions) are all satisfied, idle-speed shutdown is realized:
智能启停系统总开关11接合； The main switch 11 of the intelligent start-stop system is engaged;
车辆停止； the vehicle stops;
制动真空度充足； Sufficient brake vacuum;
电池电量充足； The battery is fully charged;
变速杆位于N挡或P挡； The gear lever is in N or P gear;
发动机热机完成； Engine warm-up completed;
发动机系统和智能启停系统无严重故障。 The engine system and the smart start-stop system have no major malfunctions.
其中，对上述条件的判断可例如通过智能启停控制器1中所设置的怠速停机条件判断模块来实现。 Wherein, the judging of the above conditions can be realized, for example, by the idling-stop condition judging module provided in the intelligent start-stop controller 1 .
优选地，如前文所述，该怠速停机条件判断模块在实现怠速停机的同时关闭空调。这可借助于图4中所示的空调继电器来实现。 Preferably, as mentioned above, the idling shutdown condition judging module turns off the air conditioner while realizing the idling shutdown. This can be achieved by means of the air conditioner relay shown in FIG. 4 .
从图4中所示的流程图还可知，在以下条件(即，一键启动条件)均满足时，实现一键启动： It can also be known from the flow chart shown in Figure 4 that when the following conditions (that is, the one-key start condition) are all satisfied, one-key start is realized:
智能启停系统总开关11接合； The main switch 11 of the intelligent start-stop system is engaged;
一键启动开关闭合； One-button start switch is closed;
发动机处在停机状态； The engine is at a standstill;
发动机系统和智能启停系统无严重故障。 The engine system and the smart start-stop system have no major malfunctions.
其中，类似地，对上述一键启动条件的判断可例如通过智能启停控制器1中所设置一键启动条件判断模块来实现。 Wherein, similarly, the judgment on the above-mentioned one-button start condition can be realized, for example, by the one-button start condition judgment module provided in the intelligent start-stop controller 1 .
此外，图4中所示的智能启停控制器1还可带有再启动保护模块，从而确保，若发动机处在运行中，则即使存在一键启动信号，启动继电器也不接合。 In addition, the intelligent start-stop controller 1 shown in FIG. 4 can also be equipped with a restart protection module, so as to ensure that if the engine is running, the start relay will not engage even if there is a one-button start signal.
综上可见，在本发明的一种尤其优选的、适合于自动挡汽车上的应用的实施方式中，智能启停控制系统通过巧妙的变速杆设计和智能的软件设计来实现智能启停功能，优化汽车怠速工况油耗，达到节能减排目的。尽管这一点在本文中主要借助于自动挡汽车来说明，但显然，本领域技术人员可确定，该智能启停控制系统适用于所有的常规汽车，并且同样可用于混合动力汽车。 In summary, in a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is suitable for the application of automatic transmission vehicles, the intelligent start-stop control system realizes the intelligent start-stop function through the ingenious gear lever design and intelligent software design, Optimize the fuel consumption of the car at idle speed to achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction. Although this point is mainly illustrated in this paper by means of an automatic transmission vehicle, obviously, those skilled in the art can determine that the intelligent start-stop control system is applicable to all conventional vehicles, and can also be used in hybrid vehicles.
其中，尤其包括了如图1、图2a，图2b、图3和图4所示的设计，即： Among them, especially include the designs shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2a, Fig. 2b, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, namely:
变速杆改造：如图1所示，在变速杆内部设置了一根活动轴以充当活动件23。活动轴上部由弹性材料与变速杆顶端相连，其中在活动轴与弹性材料之间装有一个一键启动按键或称一键启动开关21。只要活动轴往上运动，活动轴就会和弹性材料一起挤压一键启动按键，从而触发一键启动按键接合。自然状态下，由于一键启动按键所受压力小，处于断开状态。 Transformation of the gear lever: as shown in Figure 1, a movable shaft is arranged inside the gear lever to serve as the movable part 23. The upper part of the movable shaft is connected with the top of the shift lever by an elastic material, wherein a one-key start button or a one-key start switch 21 is arranged between the movable shaft and the elastic material. As long as the movable shaft moves upwards, the movable shaft and the elastic material will squeeze the one-key start button together, thereby triggering the one-key start button to engage. In the natural state, due to the small pressure on the one-key start button, it is in the disconnected state.
挡位面板改造：如图2a所示，在挡位面板P挡和N挡旁在与变速杆活动轴接触处，挖有两个卡洞。当变速箱处在P挡或N挡时，卡洞将卡住变速杆的活动轴，从而迫使驾驶员在换其它挡时，需要提起变速杆的活动轴，从而触发一键启动按键。或者，如图2b所示，在挡位面板旁设置触动片，该触动片带有与行驶挡相对应的止挡面31，与空挡相对应的第一下凹面331以及位于止挡面31与第一下凹面331之间的第一斜面331r；并且优选地，触动片还具有与驻车挡相对应的第二下凹面332以及位于止挡面31与第二下凹面332之间的第二斜面332r。 Retrofit of gear panel: As shown in Figure 2a, two stuck holes are dug in the contact with the movable shaft of the shift lever next to the P gear and the N gear of the gear panel. When the gearbox is in the P or N gear, the stuck hole will block the movable shaft of the gear lever, thereby forcing the driver to lift the movable shaft of the gear lever when changing other gears, thereby triggering the one-key start button. Or, as shown in FIG. 2b, a touch piece is provided beside the gear panel, and the touch piece has a stop surface 31 corresponding to the driving gear, a first lower concave surface 331 corresponding to neutral and a position between the stop surface 31 and the neutral gear. The first inclined surface 331r between the first concave surfaces 331; Bevel 332r.
电路改动：如图3所示，在硬件方面增加了若干开关和继电器，例如，控制整个智能启停控制系统的总开关11；控制智能启动的一键启动开关21；控制喷油器的喷油继电器(其可与EMS主继电器串联)；控制启动电机的启动继电器(其可与点火钥匙并联地进行控制以启动电机)。优选地，增设有一个空调继电器，其与空调压缩机继电器串联控制空调压缩机。增设空调继电器可以减轻启动电机启动发动机时的负载，能有效保护启动电机和蓄电池。其中，启动继电器自然状态为断开状态，喷油继电器自然状态为接合状态，空调继电器自然状态为接合状态。 Circuit modification: As shown in Figure 3, several switches and relays are added in hardware, for example, the main switch 11 that controls the entire intelligent start-stop control system; the one-button start switch 21 that controls the intelligent start; A relay (which can be in series with the EMS main relay); a starter relay which controls the starter motor (which can be controlled in parallel with the ignition key to start the motor). Preferably, an air conditioner relay is additionally provided, which is connected in series with the air conditioner compressor relay to control the air conditioner compressor. Adding an air-conditioning relay can reduce the load of the starter motor when starting the engine, and can effectively protect the starter motor and battery. Wherein, the natural state of the starter relay is the disconnected state, the natural state of the fuel injection relay is the engaged state, and the natural state of the air conditioner relay is the engaged state.
并且，智能启停控制系统有两个状态，其中一个为失效状态，进入此状态的条件为点火钥匙断电或智能启停控制系统总开关断开。该状态下启动继电器处于断开状态，喷油继电器处于接合状态，空调继电器处于接合状态。智能启停控制系统失效状态也就是自动挡常规汽车回归人工操作状态；另一个为待命状态，进入此状态的条件为点火钥匙上电且智能启停控制系统总开关接合。该状态下启动继电器处于断开状态，喷油继电器处于接合状态，空调继电器处于接合状态。处在此状态下的汽车有智能启停功能。其中，待命状态下，智能启停控制系统可实现两种智能动作：一个为停机动作。执行此动作时，启动继电器处于断开状态，喷油继电器处于断开状态，空调继电器处于接合状态。另一个为启动动作。执行此动作时，空调继电器要先断开，然后喷油继电器接合，启动继电器再接合。当发动机成功喷油点火后，启动继电器断开，喷油继电器保持接合。直到发动机启动成功后，空调继电器再接合。 Moreover, the intelligent start-stop control system has two states, one of which is a failure state, and the condition for entering this state is that the ignition key is powered off or the main switch of the intelligent start-stop control system is turned off. In this state, the starter relay is in the disconnected state, the fuel injection relay is in the engaged state, and the air conditioner relay is in the engaged state. The failure state of the intelligent start-stop control system means that the conventional car with automatic transmission returns to the manual operation state; the other is the standby state, and the condition for entering this state is that the ignition key is powered on and the master switch of the intelligent start-stop control system is engaged. In this state, the starter relay is in the disconnected state, the fuel injection relay is in the engaged state, and the air conditioner relay is in the engaged state. The car in this state has the function of intelligent start and stop. Among them, in the standby state, the intelligent start-stop control system can realize two intelligent actions: one is the stop action. When performing this action, the starter relay is in the disconnected state, the fuel injection relay is in the disconnected state, and the air conditioner relay is in the engaged state. The other is the start action. When performing this action, the air conditioner relay should be disconnected first, then the fuel injection relay should be connected, and the start relay should be connected again. When the engine is successfully injected and ignited, the starter relay is disconnected and the fuel injection relay remains engaged. After the engine starts successfully, the air conditioner relay is engaged again.
软件控制策略改进：如图4可见，该优选实施方式规定： Software control strategy improvement: As can be seen in Figure 4, this preferred implementation mode stipulates:
怠速停机条件包括： Idle shutdown conditions include:
智能启停系统总开关(或称智能启停开关)11接合； The main switch of the intelligent start-stop system (or intelligent start-stop switch) 11 is engaged;
车辆停止； the vehicle stops;
制动真空度充足； Sufficient brake vacuum;
电池电量充足； The battery is fully charged;
N挡或P挡状态； N gear or P gear state;
发动机热机完成； Engine warm-up completed;
发动机系统和智能启停控制系统无严重故障。 The engine system and the intelligent start-stop control system have no serious malfunctions.
且发动机一键启动条件包括： And the engine one-button start conditions include:
智能启停系统总开关11接合； The main switch 11 of the intelligent start-stop system is engaged;
一键启动开关闭合； One-button start switch is closed;
发动机处在停机状态； The engine is at a standstill;
发动机系统和智能启停控制系统无严重故障。 The engine system and the intelligent start-stop control system have no serious malfunctions.
并且，该实施方式基于一种已为多数自动挡汽车驾驶员所执行的、良好的停车习惯以及实验数据的结合， Moreover, this embodiment is based on a combination of good parking habits and experimental data that have been performed by most automatic transmission car drivers,
其中，该停车习惯是指： Among them, the parking habits refer to:
a)、T停<15s保持D挡，踩脚刹； a), T stop < 15s, keep the D gear, step on the foot brake;
b)、15s<T停<45s挂N挡，拉手刹； b), 15s<T stop <45s put N gear, pull the handbrake;
c)、T停>45s挂P挡，拉手刹。 c), T stop > 45s, put the P gear, pull the handbrake.
而该实验数据表明，怠速7s油耗相当于一次热启动的油耗。 The experimental data shows that the fuel consumption of idling for 7s is equivalent to that of a hot start.
也就是说，过短时间停车时进行启停不仅不能节省燃料，还会浪费燃料，同时浪费电池电量和启动电机寿命。为了节省燃料并尽可能少地损耗汽车部件，短时间停车时不应触发智能启停控制系统。结合从上述停车习惯则是说，a)情况不应触发智能启停控制系统，b)、c)情况应触发智能启停控制系统。上述停车习惯可能在用户操作指导书里写明，用于引导更多驾驶员养成良好的停车习惯，从而达到节能减排目的。 That is to say, starting and stopping when stopping for a short time not only can not save fuel, but also wastes fuel, and wastes battery power and starter motor life at the same time. In order to save fuel and wear out the car parts as little as possible, the smart start-stop control system should not be triggered when stopping for a short period of time. Combined with the above parking habits, it means that a) the situation should not trigger the intelligent start-stop control system, b) and c) the situation should trigger the intelligent start-stop control system. The above parking habits may be stated in the user's operating instructions to guide more drivers to develop good parking habits, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction.
考虑到车辆电池电量在技术还没有重大突破，为了确保每次智能停机后电池都有足够电力支持下次智能启动，本发明规定了如下策略，即，每次智能停机后以及上电点火且未启动发动机前，采集电池平均电压V平均，并根据V平均的大小确定下次智能停机前，发动机需要运行(发电)最小时间Tmin。与该策略相对应地，在上文的所附的表中给出了针对某种规格电池的数据；本领域技术人员可知，不同规格的电池需要分别进行标定。 Considering that the battery power of the vehicle has not yet made a major breakthrough in technology, in order to ensure that the battery has enough power to support the next smart start after each smart shutdown, the present invention stipulates the following strategy, that is, after each smart shutdown and power-on ignition without Before starting the engine, collect the average battery voltage Vaverage , and determine the minimum time T min for the engine to run (power generation) before the next smart shutdown according to the value of Vaverage. Corresponding to this strategy, the data for a battery of a certain specification is given in the attached table above; those skilled in the art know that batteries of different specifications need to be calibrated separately.
为了更好保护启动电机，还规定，智能启动前，应尽可能减小启动电机的负载。例如，当变速器处于P挡或N挡时，关闭大功率电器。一般来说，大功率电器有大灯和空调，但大灯关系到行车安全，故不能关。 In order to better protect the starter motor, it is also stipulated that before the smart start, the load of the starter motor should be reduced as much as possible. For example, when the transmission is in P or N gear, turn off high-power electrical appliances. Generally speaking, high-power electrical appliances include headlights and air conditioners, but the headlights are related to driving safety, so they cannot be turned off.
为了更好保护发动机缸体，规定，智能启停控制系统工作前，激活润滑系统，也就是冷却水温度大于标定值。 In order to better protect the engine block, it is stipulated that before the intelligent start-stop control system works, activate the lubrication system, that is, the cooling water temperature is greater than the calibration value.
同时还规定，当智能启停控制系统总开关没有按下时，智能启停控制系统断电并停止运行，汽车发动机系统只受EMS控制。而当智能启停控制系统总开关按下，智能启停控制系统开始运行。如果变速杆处于行驶挡，也就是，不处于N挡或P挡，则智能启停控制系统只处在待命状态(只监测信号)。如果汽车停车，变速器挂入N挡或P挡，水温大于标定值，电池电量充足，那么智能启停控制系统将执行其停机动作，关闭发动机。当驾驶员把变速杆从N挡或P挡挂到D挡(或R挡)时，触发一键启动按键，发动机启动。如果停机过长，智能启停控制系统将失效。如果发动机已经启动，则即使一键启动按键被按下，智能启停控制系统也令启动电机不工作。 At the same time, it is also stipulated that when the main switch of the intelligent start-stop control system is not pressed, the intelligent start-stop control system is powered off and stops running, and the automobile engine system is only controlled by EMS. When the main switch of the intelligent start-stop control system is pressed, the intelligent start-stop control system starts to operate. If the gear lever is in the driving gear, that is, not in the N gear or the P gear, the intelligent start-stop control system is only in the standby state (only monitoring signals). If the car is parked, the transmission is placed in N or P gear, the water temperature is greater than the calibration value, and the battery is fully charged, then the intelligent start-stop control system will execute its shutdown action and turn off the engine. When the driver puts the shift lever from N gear or P gear to D gear (or R gear), trigger the one-button start button, and the engine starts. If the shutdown is too long, the intelligent start-stop control system will fail. If the engine has been started, even if the one-button start button is pressed, the intelligent start-stop control system will make the starter motor not work.
由此，本发明相对于现有技术有众多优点，包括： Thus, the present invention has numerous advantages over the prior art, including:
1、成本低。现有智能启停控制系统多建立在混合动力车上，或强混合动力车或弱混合动力车。这都要求增加大功率电机和大容量电池，大功率电机用于拖动汽车起步、发动机启动和发电。大容量电池用于给大功率电机提供能量。大功率电机和大容量电池价格高昂，而本发明只需在变速杆上增加一个按键和在控制面板上进行相应的精巧改动，例如镂空出两个卡洞； 1. Low cost. Existing intelligent start-stop control systems are mostly built on hybrid vehicles, or strong hybrid vehicles or weak hybrid vehicles. All of these require the addition of high-power motors and large-capacity batteries. High-power motors are used to drive the car to start, start the engine and generate electricity. Large-capacity batteries are used to provide energy for high-power motors. High-power motors and large-capacity batteries are expensive, but the present invention only needs to add a button on the shift lever and make corresponding delicate changes on the control panel, such as hollowing out two card holes;
2、便于实现。建立在混合动力车上的智能启停控制系统为了实现智能启停，除了增加智能启停控制系统外，还要配置电池管理系统和电机控制系统等其它控制系统，这些都让整个汽车控制系统变复杂。而本发明只需要增加智能启停控制系统，且本系统较为独立，不需电喷系统EMS和变速器控制系统TCU的任何支持，可以模块化； 2. Easy to implement. The intelligent start-stop control system based on the hybrid vehicle, in order to realize the intelligent start-stop, in addition to adding the intelligent start-stop control system, other control systems such as the battery management system and the motor control system must also be configured, all of which make the entire vehicle control system become complex. However, the present invention only needs to add an intelligent start-stop control system, and the system is relatively independent, without any support from the electric injection system EMS and the transmission control system TCU, and can be modularized;
3、可靠性高。由于本智能启停控制系统控制发动机停机和启动都在N挡、P挡实现，符合自动挡常规车正常的启停逻辑。故对启动电机和电池均无伤害，也不需增减、变动原汽车的其它系统； 3. High reliability. Because this intelligent start-stop control system controls engine stop and start to be realized in N gear and P gear, it conforms to the normal start-stop logic of automatic transmission conventional vehicles. Therefore, there is no harm to the starter motor and battery, and there is no need to increase, decrease or change other systems of the original car;
4、油耗低。在用户按上述良好停车习惯来操作的前提下，城市工况中可节省燃料8%； 4. Low fuel consumption. Under the premise that the user operates according to the above-mentioned good parking habits, the fuel can be saved by 8% in urban working conditions;
5、开发时间短。由于本系统简单、独立，功能实现容易，因此系统开发时间少，能快速推上市场，实现节能减排目标； 5. Short development time. Because the system is simple, independent, and easy to implement functions, the system development time is less, and it can be quickly launched on the market to achieve the goal of energy saving and emission reduction;
6、适用范围广。本系统适用所有常规汽车，包括手动挡汽车、自动挡汽车和手自一体式汽车。 6. Wide application range. This system is suitable for all conventional vehicles, including manual transmission vehicles, automatic transmission vehicles and automated manual vehicles.
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Inventor after: Wu Jian Inventor after: Huang Ruijing Inventor after: Zhang Anwei Inventor after: Liu Jujiang Inventor before: Huang Ruijing Inventor before: Zhang Anwei Inventor before: Liu Jujiang |
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