CN103152895A - Circuit for driving LEDs (light-emitting diode) by directly using alternating current - Google Patents
Circuit for driving LEDs (light-emitting diode) by directly using alternating current Download PDFInfo
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- CN103152895A CN103152895A CN2013100994559A CN201310099455A CN103152895A CN 103152895 A CN103152895 A CN 103152895A CN 2013100994559 A CN2013100994559 A CN 2013100994559A CN 201310099455 A CN201310099455 A CN 201310099455A CN 103152895 A CN103152895 A CN 103152895A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of circuit design, and particularly relates to a circuit for driving LEDs by directly using alternating current. The circuit comprises a rectifier bridge, constant-current circuits and LED light strings, and is characterized in that the rectifier bridge rectifies input alternating current into full waves, the positive output end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the anodes of the n LED light strings connected in series and the bias ends of the n constant-current circuits, the negative output end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the earthing ends of regulating circuits in the n constant-current circuits and a current detection resistor of the nth constant-current circuit, all the current detection resistors in the constant-current circuits are connected in series, the number of the current detection resistors actually used by the ith constant-current circuit is n plus 1 minus i, the LED light strings are divided into n sections, and the input ends of the constant-current circuits are connected with the junction between the ith section of LED light strings and the (i plus 1)th section of LED light strings. The circuit has the advantages that the service life of the circuit reaches more than fifty thousand hours, which is far longer than the service life of the conventional LED driving circuit, the power factor can reach 0.99, and the size and weight of the circuit is about one tenth of the size and weight of the conventional power supply with the same power.
Description
One, technical field:The invention belongs to the circuit design technique field, particularly a kind of circuit with the direct driving LED of alternating current.
Two, background technology:
The advantages such as light-emitting diode (LED) solid light source has that luminous efficiency is high, environmental protection, life-span are long, be described as the 5th generation lighting source.Due to LED has can only forward conduction, therefore existing LED lamp all need to be converted to direct current with alternating current by supply convertor and powers.Along with the increasingly extensive application of LED light fixture, also make the problem of harmonic pollution cause that people more and more pay close attention to.
Exchange in direct driving LED lamp (AC LED) circuit, alternating voltage is without large bulk capacitance filtering, directly load the two ends of series LED lamp string, existence due to LED conducting valve threshold voltage, the just conducting after input voltage is higher than lamp string threshold voltage of lamp string, power factor only has 0.65 left and right, and harmonic current is excessive, can't apply on a large scale.
Three, summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is for above shortcomings in prior art, and a kind of circuit with the direct driving LED of alternating current of research and design, the advantage of this circuit is: one. efficiently solve that existing AC LED power factor is low, the present situation applied of standard greatly; Two. provide a kind of long-life, low cost, electric energy good
High Power Factor AC LED drive circuit.
Technical scheme is: a kind of circuit with the direct driving LED of alternating current of the present invention, it comprises rectifier bridge, constant-current circuit and LED lamp string, it is characterized in that, rectifier bridge is all-wave with the input AC electric rectification, the rectifier bridge output plus terminal connects the anode of n LED lamp string of connecting and the offset side of n constant-current circuit, and the output negative terminal of rectifier bridge connects n constant-current circuit
The earth terminal of middle regulating circuit and the current sense resistor of n constant-current circuit, constant-current circuit
In current sense resistor all connect, the quantity of i the actual current sense resistor that uses of constant-current circuit is n+1-i, i=1 wherein, 2 ... n, LED lamp string is divided into n section, constant-current circuit
Input termination i section LED lamp string and the intersection point of i+1 section lamp string.Along with the minimizing of current sense resistor quantity, resistance is successively decreased, and the constant current value of constant-current circuit increases successively.The direct driving LED circuit for lamp of described interchange, it is characterized in that, constant-current circuit comprises a biasing circuit and an adjusting and circuit is set, biasing circuit provides initialization voltage for constant-current circuit, making constant-current circuit is conducting state, regulate with circuit is set and set by the resistance that changes current sense resistor the current value that flows through corresponding lamp string, and the maintenance electric current is that set point is constant.Described biasing circuit comprises a metal-oxide-semiconductor and a biasing resistor, and biasing circuit is connected between the grid of rectifier bridge output plus terminal and metal-oxide-semiconductor, and the metal-oxide-semiconductor drain electrode connects corresponding LED lamp string negative electrode, and source electrode connects current sense resistor.Regulating circuit and circuit is set comprises a triode and a current sense resistor, the collector electrode of triode connects the grid of biasing circuit metal-oxide-semiconductor, grounded emitter, base stage connects the source electrode of current sense resistor and biasing circuit metal-oxide-semiconductor.Described constant-current circuit, all current sense resistors all are connected in series.
Take the series connection of n section LED lamp string as example, the model of every string LED is identical, quantity equates, establishes the total threshold voltage of LED lamp string to be
, i section LED lamp string threshold values is
(i=1,2 ... n, n 〉=2), when voltage is in
With
Between the time, i constant-current circuit conducting.Less than i-1 constant-current circuit, i-1 constant-current circuit of the current ratio of setting is large due to the current sense resistor resistance of i constant-current circuit, and i-1 constant-current circuit automatic cut-off realized the seamless switching of electric current.Along with the rising of voltage, n progressively conducting work of constant-current circuit, electric current progressively increases and will set the little constant-current circuit cut-off of electric current.When input voltage surpasses total threshold voltage
The time, n constant-current circuit conducting, it is maximum that electric current reaches, when voltage begins to descend, and during lower than the conducting valve threshold voltage, the constant-current circuit conducting work that the previous stage electric current is little, the electric current that flows through LED lamp string progressively reduces, make input current rising and decline stepped change along with voltage in one-period, thereby reach the purpose that improves power utilization efficient and power factor.And utilize the method with the series connection of constant-current circuit current sense resistor, the constant-current circuit that the automatic cut-off electric current is little has been simplified the circuit design scheme greatly, reduces costs, and has improved reliability.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, because circuit of the present invention all is comprised of semiconductor device and resistance, without any the electric capacity of kind, so its useful life and LED life-span be complementary, can reach more than 50,000 hours, far above the LED drive circuit of routine.
2, circuit of the present invention can be determined according to input voltage the LED quantity of cut-in operation, and the operating current of automatic switchover LED lamp string, and circuit is simply effective, drives conversion efficiency and reaches 97%, and power factor can reach 0.99.
3, circuit of the present invention need not used transformer, inductance, electrochemical capacitor equal-volume and the larger device of weight, and therefore volume and weight of the present invention much smaller than conventional LED driving power, is 1/10 left and right with the power normal power supplies.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is electrical block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, content of the present invention is described in further details, but actual fabrication structure of the present invention is not limited in following embodiment.
Five, embodiment:
Embodiment 1: with reference to Fig. 2, the lamp string n section of LED is divided into 3 sections, the voltage waveform after the 50Hz simple alternating current Electronic Speculum rectifier bridge BD1 of input is the 100Hz all-wave; R1, M1, Q1, R4, R5, R6 consist of constant-current circuit 1; R2, M2, Q2, R5, R6 consist of constant-current circuit 2; R3, M3, Q3, R6 consist of constant-current circuit 3.The output plus terminal of rectifier bridge connects the anode of LED lamp string of 3 series connection and the offset side of 3 constant-current circuits, and emitter and the 3rd constant-current circuit that the output negative terminal of rectifier bridge meets regulating circuit Q1, Q2, Q3 in 3 constant-current circuits detect resistance R 6.Current sense resistor R4, R5, R6 in 3 constant-current circuits use of all connecting, LED lamp string is divided into 3 sections, the negative electrode of the corresponding lamp string of the input termination of constant-current circuit, the current control circuit of complete.
If the total threshold voltage of LED is
, the full-wave rectification maximum voltage is
, when input voltage less than
The time, constant-current circuit 1 conducting accesses the 1st section LED lamp string work; When input voltage rises to
With
Between the time, the 2nd constant-current circuit conducting accesses the 1st section and the work of the 2nd section LED lamp string, resistance R 4 both end voltage equate, the 1st constant-current circuit automatic cut-off; When input voltage higher than
The time, the 3rd constant-current circuit conducting accesses whole LED lamp string work, and resistance R 5 both end voltage equate, the 2nd constant-current circuit automatic cut-off; When input voltage drops to
With
Between the time, constant-current circuit 3 cut-off, constant-current circuit 2 conducting work access the 1st section and the 2nd section LED lamp string; When input voltage drop to lower than
The time, constant-current circuit 1 work accesses the 1st section LED lamp string.
Therefore, use the direct driving LED circuit of interchange of the present embodiment, along with rising and the reduction of voltage, the LED segmentation is lighted, and according to input voltage switch operating electric current voluntarily, after tested, power factor reaches as high as 0.99.
Embodiment 2: with reference to Fig. 2, LED is divided into 3 sections, the voltage waveform after the 50Hz simple alternating current Electronic Speculum rectifier bridge BD1 of input is the 100Hz all-wave; R1, M1, Q1, R4, R5, R6 consist of constant-current circuit 1; R2, M2, Q2, R5, R6 consist of constant-current circuit 2; R3, M3, Q3, R6 consist of constant-current circuit 3.The output plus terminal of rectifier bridge connects the anode of LED lamp string of 3 series connection and the offset side of 3 constant-current circuits, and emitter and the 3rd constant-current circuit that the output negative terminal of rectifier bridge meets regulating circuit Q1, Q2, Q3 in 3 constant-current circuits detect resistance R 6.Current sense resistor R4, R5, R6 in 3 constant-current circuits use of all connecting, LED lamp string is divided into 3 sections, the negative electrode of the corresponding lamp string of the input termination of constant-current circuit, the current control circuit of complete.
If the total threshold voltage of LED is
, the full-wave rectification maximum voltage is
, when input voltage less than
The time, constant-current circuit 1 conducting accesses the 1st section LED lamp string work; When input voltage rises to
With
Between the time, the 2nd constant-current circuit conducting accesses the 1st section and the work of the 2nd section LED lamp string, resistance R 4 both end voltage equate, the 1st constant-current circuit automatic cut-off; When input voltage higher than
The time, the 3rd constant-current circuit conducting accesses whole LED lamp string work, and resistance R 5 both end voltage equate, the 2nd constant-current circuit automatic cut-off; When input voltage drops to
With
Between the time, constant-current circuit 3 cut-off, constant-current circuit 2 conducting work access the 1st section and the 2nd section LED lamp string; When input voltage drop to lower than
The time, constant-current circuit 1 work accesses the 1st section LED lamp string.
Therefore, use the direct driving LED circuit of interchange of the present embodiment, along with rising and the reduction of voltage, the LED segmentation is lighted, and according to input voltage switch operating electric current voluntarily, after tested, power factor reaches as high as 0.99.
Embodiment 3: with reference to Fig. 2, LED is divided into 3 sections, the voltage waveform after the 50Hz simple alternating current Electronic Speculum rectifier bridge BD1 of input is the 100Hz all-wave; R1, M1, Q1, R4, R5, R6 consist of constant-current circuit 1; R2, M2, Q2, R5, R6 consist of constant-current circuit 2; R3, M3, Q3, R6 consist of constant-current circuit 3.The output plus terminal of rectifier bridge connects the anode of LED lamp string of 3 series connection and the offset side of 3 constant-current circuits, and emitter and the 3rd constant-current circuit that the output negative terminal of rectifier bridge meets regulating circuit Q1, Q2, Q3 in 3 constant-current circuits detect resistance R 6.Current sense resistor R4, R5, R6 in 3 constant-current circuits use of all connecting, LED lamp string is divided into 3 sections, the negative electrode of the corresponding lamp string of the input termination of constant-current circuit, the current control circuit of complete.
If the total threshold voltage of LED is
, the full-wave rectification maximum voltage is
, when input voltage less than
The time, constant-current circuit 1 conducting accesses the 1st section LED lamp string work; When input voltage rises to
With
Between the time, the 2nd constant-current circuit conducting accesses the 1st section and the work of the 2nd section LED lamp string, resistance R 4 both end voltage equate, the 1st constant-current circuit automatic cut-off; When input voltage higher than
The time, the 3rd constant-current circuit conducting accesses whole LED lamp string work, and resistance R 5 both end voltage equate, the 2nd constant-current circuit automatic cut-off; When input voltage drops to
With
Between the time, constant-current circuit 3 cut-off, constant-current circuit 2 conducting work access the 1st section and the 2nd section LED lamp string; When input voltage drop to lower than
The time, constant-current circuit 1 work accesses the 1st section LED lamp string.
Therefore, use the direct driving LED circuit of interchange of the present embodiment, along with rising and the reduction of voltage, the LED segmentation is lighted, and according to input voltage switch operating electric current voluntarily, after tested, power factor reaches as high as 0.99.
Claims (5)
1. circuit with the direct driving LED of alternating current, it comprises rectifier bridge, constant-current circuit and LED lamp string, it is characterized in that, rectifier bridge is all-wave with the input AC electric rectification, the rectifier bridge output plus terminal connects the anode of n LED lamp string of connecting and the offset side of n constant-current circuit, and the output negative terminal of rectifier bridge connects n constant-current circuit
The earth terminal of middle regulating circuit and the current sense resistor of n constant-current circuit, constant-current circuit
In current sense resistor all connect, the quantity of i the actual current sense resistor that uses of constant-current circuit is n+1-i, i=1 wherein, 2 ... n, LED lamp string is divided into n section, constant-current circuit
Input termination i section LED lamp string and the intersection point of i+1 section lamp string.
2. the direct driving LED circuit for lamp of interchange according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described constant-current circuit comprises a biasing circuit and an adjusting and circuit is set, biasing circuit provides initialization voltage for constant-current circuit, making constant-current circuit is conducting state, regulate with circuit is set and set by the resistance that changes current sense resistor the current value that flows through corresponding lamp string, and the maintenance electric current is that set point is constant.
3. biasing circuit according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described biasing circuit comprises a metal-oxide-semiconductor and a biasing resistor, and biasing circuit is connected between the grid of rectifier bridge output plus terminal and metal-oxide-semiconductor, the metal-oxide-semiconductor drain electrode connects corresponding LED lamp string negative electrode, and source electrode connects current sense resistor.
4. regulating circuit according to claim 2 and circuit is set, it is characterized in that, described adjusting with circuit be set comprise a triode and a current sense resistor, the collector electrode of triode connects the grid of biasing circuit metal-oxide-semiconductor, grounded emitter, base stage connect the source electrode of current sense resistor and biasing circuit metal-oxide-semiconductor.
5. constant-current circuit according to claim 2, all current sense resistors all are connected in series.
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Cited By (6)
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CN104427688A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2015-03-18 | 四川新力光源股份有限公司 | LED alternating current driving circuit |
CN104582196A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-04-29 | 中国科学技术大学先进技术研究院 | Direct-current high-voltage direct-driven LED circuit based on high-power passive harmonic filter |
CN104661401A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-05-27 | 青海聚能达新能源开发有限公司 | LED plant growth lamp driving control device |
CN105188208A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-12-23 | 合肥云杉光电科技有限公司 | Alternating-current direct drive light-emitting diode (LED) method for automatically stabilizing power and electronic circuit based on alternating-current direct drive LED method |
WO2016107395A1 (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-07-07 | 四川新力光源股份有限公司 | Led constant-current driving device |
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