CN103152570A - Method and device for decoding video bit stream - Google Patents
Method and device for decoding video bit stream Download PDFInfo
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- CN103152570A CN103152570A CN2013100665180A CN201310066518A CN103152570A CN 103152570 A CN103152570 A CN 103152570A CN 2013100665180 A CN2013100665180 A CN 2013100665180A CN 201310066518 A CN201310066518 A CN 201310066518A CN 103152570 A CN103152570 A CN 103152570A
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for decoding a video bit stream, which are used for decoding the video bit stream containing at least one frame of background image. The method for decoding the video bit stream comprises the steps of: receiving a decoded video frame, and analyzing whether the video frame includes a first symbol (marking whether the current frame is a background frame) or not, wherein the video frame includes at least one grammar symbol; if the video frame dose not include the first symbol, analyzing a second symbol; when the second symbol indictaes that the current frame is subjected to differential coding based on the background image, adding the background image appearing before the current frame into a reference image queue; and sequentially traversing all macro blocks in the current frame, analyzing a third symbol locating in the head of each macro block, and when the third symbol marks that a differential coding mode is adopted in the current macro block for coding, decoding the current macro block by using the differential coding mode by taking the image in the reference image queue as a reference until all the macro blocks in the current frame are decoded.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the audio frequency and video technology, particularly a kind of video bit stream coding/decoding method and device.
Technical background
Increasing video monitoring and conference system are widely used in safety and the communications field.For example, the large size city that similar London is such, the monitoring camera of having disposed has all surpassed 500,000, if all these cameras be all high definition and take the H.264/AVC routine setting of codec, whole system per hour will produce the data volume of 2000TB at least, very big to being subject to network bandwidth pressure, carrying cost is high.
Become possibility in order to make people utilize any mobile device arbitrarily to access on-line meeting anywhere by low network band width, the monitoring meeting Video coding efficient that can effectively reduce bandwidth and carrying cost becomes the key of research.
Because safety monitoring video and Online Video conferencing data are to have the scene invariant feature in the regular hour section, in recent years, development and progress along with the background modeling technology, the background modeling technology more and more is applied in safety monitoring and on-line meeting Video coding, the background of reasonably utilizing modeling to generate, can further eliminate the information redundancy in video, thereby obtain better compression performance.
Yet there is multiple coding techniques based on background image in prior art, makes corresponding decoding technique vary, and for this reason, is badly in need of a kind of high efficiency, and the Video Codec of low complex degree is applicable to security protection supervision and meeting video.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of video bit stream coding/decoding method and device, with coding/decoding method and the decoding device of the video encoding standard that defines a kind of high efficiency that is applicable to security protection supervision and meeting video, low complex degree.
For this reason, a kind of video bit stream coding/decoding method that the embodiment of the present invention provides is used for the video bit stream that decoding comprises at least one frame background image, and described coding/decoding method comprises:
Receive decoded frame of video, comprised at least one grammer sign in wherein said frame of video, described grammer sign comprise for indicate the first sign that whether present frame is background image, be used for indicating present frame whether exist utilize background image carry out differential coding the second sign, be used for indicating the 3rd sign one or more whether current macro takes the differential coding pattern;
Resolve described frame of video and judge whether to comprise the first sign;
When not comprising the first sign, resolve described the second sign;
When described the second sign sign present frame existence utilizes background image to carry out differential coding, the background image that occurs before present frame is joined in reference image queue;
Travel through successively all macro blocks in present frame, parsing is arranged in the 3rd sign of each macro block head, when described the 3rd sign sign current macro is taked the differential coding pattern-coding, with the image in reference image queue as a reference, utilize the differential coding pattern that current macro is decoded, until complete the decoding of all macro blocks in present frame.
Wherein, at least one the grammer sign in described frame of video further comprises the 4th sign that whether should be output for indicating the current background image;
When comprising the first sign in described at least one grammer sign, described method further comprises:
Resolve described the first sign;
When described the first sign sign present frame is background image, resolve described the 4th sign;
When described the 4th sign sign current background image is not output, the described current background image of decoding, the described decoded background image of output display, wait for subsequent calls.
Wherein, described at least one grammer sign comprises that further indicating the present frame frame is the 5th sign of which kind of interframe decoded picture; Described method further comprises:
Resolve described the 5th sign, obtain the type of interframe decoded picture;
According to the type of described interframe decoded picture, the decoding present frame.
Wherein, described interframe decoded picture is decoded picture between decoded picture or bidirectional frame between decoded picture between forward frame, reference background forward frame.
Wherein, the described current background image of described decoding, the described decoded background image of output display not, wait for that subsequent calls comprises:
Described background image decoded picture is put into the background frames buffering area, when a follow-up interframe decoded picture need to be put into reference frame lists with described background image, the corresponding background image buffer memory of the reference frame buffering area of described interframe decoded picture is pointed to the background frames buffering area.
Wherein, decoded present frame is moved into the bitstream decoding buffering area successively, then successively decoded present frame is shifted out from buffering area.
Wherein, when described current background image be a frame can not be output background image the time, described current background image and its next frame bit stream are moved into the decoded bit streambuf simultaneously, and detect the decoded bit streambuf and whether overflow.
Wherein, described grammer sign is by 1 or multidigit binary number representation, or 1 or multidigit multi-system number represent.
Wherein, for the first sign, be background image frame with value for " 1 " indicates present frame; Value is the intraframe decoder image for " 0 " indicates present frame;
For the second sign, can indicate not exist with " 0 " and utilize background image to carry out differential coding, indicate to exist with " 1 " and utilize background image to carry out differential coding; Or
For the 3rd sign, for indicating current macro, " 1 " uses the differential coding pattern-coding with value; Value is not used the differential coding pattern-coding for " 0 " indicates current macro.
For this reason, a kind of video bit stream decoding device that the embodiment of the present invention provides is used for the video bit stream that decoding comprises at least one frame background image, and described device comprises:
Receiver module, be used for receiving decoded frame of video, comprised at least one grammer sign in wherein said frame of video, described grammer sign comprise for indicate the first sign that whether present frame is background image, be used for indicating present frame whether exist utilize background image carry out differential coding the second sign, be used for indicating the 3rd sign one or more whether current macro takes the differential coding pattern;
Background image sign judge module is used for resolving and judge whether to comprise the first sign;
The differential coding pattern starts the sign judge module, when being used for not comprising the first sign, resolves described the second sign;
The Reference Frame List update module is used for when described the second sign sign present frame existence utilizes background image to carry out differential coding, the background image that occurs before present frame being joined in reference image queue;
Macroblock decode module, be used for traveling through successively all macro blocks in present frame, parsing is arranged in the 3rd sign of each macro block head, when described the 3rd sign sign current macro is taked the differential coding pattern-coding, with the image in reference image queue as a reference, utilize the differential coding pattern that current macro is decoded, until complete the decoding of all macro blocks in present frame.
The video bit stream coding/decoding method and the device that utilize the embodiment of the present invention to provide, decoding end are only paid close attention to the grammer sign in video bit stream, and no longer pay close attention to the concrete enforcement means of coding side, realize for encoder, and be very simple; This method has still been considered the effect of background image in redundancy encoding, so decoding efficiency is high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of a kind of video encoding/decoding method of providing of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of a kind of video encoding/decoding method of providing of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
A kind of coding/decoding method and the device that provide of the embodiment of the present invention, be used for the video bit stream that decoding comprises at least one frame background image, wherein, background image frame (Intra decoded backgr ound picture, the G frame) scene information in both can reflecting video also can be used for successive image is carried out predictive coding; This video bit stream can further include following one or more type map picture frames:
In-frame encoding picture (intra decoded picture, I frame), the image that only uses infra-frame prediction to decode;
Inter coded images (inter decoded picture), the image that utilizes other frames to decode as a reference, wherein inter coded images is divided into again: (the Forward inter decoded picture of decoded picture between forward frame, the P frame), can be also (the Background predictive forward inter decoded picture of decoded picture between the reference background forward frame, the S frame), can also be decoded picture between bidirectional frame (Bidirectional inter decoded picture, B frame).
A kind of video encoding/decoding method that the embodiment of the present invention provides comprises:
Step 101: receive decoded frame of video, comprised at least one grammer sign in wherein said frame of video, described grammer sign comprises that background image sign, differential coding pattern enable one or more in sign, macro-block coding pattern sign; Wherein, described background image sign indicates whether the present frame frame is background image; Whether described differential coding pattern is enabled sign and is indicated to exist and utilize background image to carry out the differential coding pattern; Described macro-block coding pattern sign indicates current macro and whether takes the differential coding pattern-coding;
Step 102: resolve the grammer sign that comprises in described frame of video, judge whether to comprise the background image sign; If do not comprise the background image sign, execution in step 103;
Step 103: resolve described differential coding pattern and enable sign; This frame utilizes background image to carry out the differential coding pattern if the differential coding pattern starts the sign sign, and execution in step 104;
Step 104: the G frame that occurs before present frame is joined with reference in formation;
Step 105: travel through successively all macro blocks in present frame, judge the value of macro-block coding pattern sign in each macro block head, if this macro-block coding pattern sign is denoted as the differential coding pattern-coding, with the picture frame in the reference formation as a reference, utilize the differential coding pattern that current macro is decoded, until complete the decoding of all macro blocks in present frame.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the grammer sign in described frame of video further comprises the background image output identification, and this flag bit is usually only just meaningful when background image sign sign present frame is the G frame.Whether this flag bit indicates current G frame and should be output.
In an embodiment of the present invention, if include the background image sign in the described grammer sign of judgement in above-described embodiment step 102, described coding/decoding method further comprises:
Step 201: resolving described background image sign, is the G frame if described background image sign indicates present frame, and execution in step 202; Otherwise execution in step 203;
Step 202: resolve the background image output identification, if the current G frame of this background image output identification position sign should be output, show that current G frame is used for the scene information of reflecting video, its decode procedure can be regarded the I frame as, at this moment execution in step 203; If this value indicates current G frame and is not output, show current for successive image is carried out predictive coding, this moment execution in step 204;
Step 203: decoding I frame, and show output, the present frame decoding finishes;
Step 204: the current G frame of decoding, wait for subsequent calls, and this frame of output display no longer.
In an embodiment of the present invention, if do not comprise the background image sign in the grammer sign of described frame of video, may further comprise interframe decoded picture sign in described grammer sign, it is that this flag bit indicates the present frame frame for which kind of interframe decoded picture, as is B frame, P frame or S frame.In an embodiment of the present invention, interframe decoded picture sign can be PB image initial code (pb_picture_start_code).
In this case, described coding/decoding method further comprises: resolve described interframe decoded picture sign, obtain the type of interframe decoded picture; According to the type of described interframe decoded picture, the decoding present frame.Be different interframe decoded pictures, its reference mode to follow-up background image is processed and is had nothing in common with each other.Such as P frame or B frame can have at most two frame reference pictures.Between non-looking, the P frame of prediction can be with reference to two frame reference pictures of forward direction; Depending between the P frame of prediction can have with reference to a frame reference picture and a frame of forward direction and look a prediction reference image.The B frame can be with reference to tandem two frames.The S frame can have at most a frame reference picture, and the normally same viewpoint of the reference picture of S frame is the G frame of decoding recently.
In an embodiment of the present invention, background image sign and interframe decoded picture sign are usually located at the picture frame head part, for a frame, background image sign and interframe decoded picture sign can not coexist, and namely only have in background image sign and interframe decoded picture sign in frame head.If neither have the background image sign in the image head of present frame, and do not have interframe decoded picture sign, indicating this present frame is the I frame.
In an embodiment of the present invention, can represent the background image sign with 1 bit, such as being the G frame with value for " 1 " indicates present frame; Value is the I frame for " 0 " indicates present frame; In an embodiment of the present invention, can utilize background_picture_flag to represent the background image sign, those skilled in the art can utilize any character to represent certainly, not in the framework of the present definition.
In an embodiment of the present invention, can represent that the differential coding pattern enables sign with 1 bit, such as enabling sign for a differential coding pattern in the P frame, can with the 0 two frame P frames that indicate with reference to forward direction, indicate with reference to forward direction one P frame and a G frame with 1; In an embodiment of the present invention, can represent that this differential coding pattern enables sign with difference_mode_enable, those skilled in the art can utilize any character to represent certainly, not in the framework of the present definition.
In an embodiment of the present invention, can represent the macro-block coding pattern sign with 1 bit.Such as value is used the differential coding pattern-coding for " 1 " indicates current macro; Value is not used the differential coding pattern-coding for " 0 " indicates current macro; In an embodiment of the present invention, can represent this macro-block coding pattern sign with mb_coding_type.
In an embodiment of the present invention, can represent the background image output identification with 1 bit.Such as can be the G frame that should be output for " 1 " indicates present frame with value; Value is the G frame that should not be output for " 0 " indicates present frame.In an embodiment of the present invention, can represent the background image output identification with background_picture_output_flag.
In an embodiment of the present invention, also can represent above-mentioned grammer sign with nonbinary, perhaps can take the binary number of many bits to represent the grammer sign.Those skilled in the art be further appreciated that can bit value and semanteme between relation can change, as for the background image sign, can definition value be the G frame for " 0 " indicates present frame; Value is the I frame for " 1 " indicates present frame.
Below illustrate the video encoding/decoding method of the embodiment of the present invention, suppose that a video bit stream comprises some frame of video.At first judge whether the first frame comprises the background image sign, suppose that the first frame comprises background image sign and background image output identification and indicates and do not export, can assert that the first frame is the G frame, utilize the method for decoding I frame this G frame of decoding, but do not export this frame.continue to judge whether second frame comprises the background image sign, if do not comprise the background image sign, this frame comprises interframe decoded picture sign certainly, suppose that it is the P frame that this frame interframe decoded picture sign indicates this frame, continue the differential coding pattern of this P frame of judgement and enable sign, demonstration utilizes last G frame to carry out differential coding if this differential coding pattern is enabled sign, last G frame is joined in Reference Frame List, continue to travel through successively each macro block of this frame, whether the macro-block coding pattern sign that judgement is arranged in the macro block head indicates the picture frame (may not only comprise last G frame) that utilizes Reference Frame List as the basis of differential coding, if, utilize with reference to the basis of frame in formation as differential coding, the decoding current macro, in case in this frame after the decoded sequence of all macroblock content, namely export this frame video.And then judge after the same method the decoding next frame, until each frame of this video bit stream of decoding output.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when video bit stream is decoded, utilize the bitstream decoding buffering area successively bit stream to be moved in and out from buffering area; When G frame that one of decoding does not need to export, G frame decoding image is put into the background frames buffering area, when a follow-up interframe decoded picture needs this G frame is put into reference frame lists, the buffer memory of the corresponding G frame of the reference frame buffering area of this interframe decoded picture is pointed to the background frames buffering area get final product.
In an embodiment of the present invention, can successively bit stream be moved in and out from the bitstream decoding buffering area output video frame of decoding according to the speed of " multiple of the inverse of two frame time interval=frame per second ".Can find out by above-mentioned example, may appear at two normal output frames in video bit stream, as a G frame of not exporting occurring in the middle of I frame, P frame, B frame or S frame, in this case, if still according to " multiple of the inverse of two frame time interval=frame per second ", bit stream is moved in and out from buffering area, will make to have the original non-existent G two field picture of some width in bit stream, cause the time-delay with rear video.For this reason, in an embodiment of the present invention, when finding that the current image that will decode is the G frame that a frame can not be output, simultaneously G frame and its next frame bit stream are moved into the decoded bit streambuf simultaneously, and whether detection decoded bit streambuf overflows.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of video bit stream decoding device, and described video bit stream decoding device comprises as lower module:
Receiver module is used for receiving decoded frame of video, has comprised at least one grammer sign in wherein said frame of video, and described grammer sign comprises that background image sign, differential coding pattern enable one or more in sign, macro-block coding pattern sign; Wherein, described background image sign sign present frame is G frame or I frame; Whether described differential coding pattern is enabled sign and is indicated to exist and utilize background image to carry out the differential coding pattern; Described macro-block coding pattern sign indicates current macro and whether takes the differential coding pattern-coding;
Background image sign judge module is used for resolving described frame of video and whether comprising the background image sign; If do not comprise the background image sign, notify the differential coding pattern to start the sign judge module;
The differential coding pattern starts the sign judge module, is used for resolving described differential coding pattern and enabling sign when described grammer sign does not comprise the background image sign; This frame utilizes background image to carry out the differential coding pattern if the differential coding pattern starts the sign sign, notification reference frame queue update module;
The Reference Frame List update module is used for when this frame of differential coding pattern startup sign sign utilizes background image to carry out the differential coding pattern, the G frame that occurs before present frame being joined in Reference Frame List;
Macroblock decode module, be used for traveling through successively all macro blocks in present frame, judge the value of macro-block coding pattern sign in each macro block head, if this macro-block coding pattern sign is denoted as the differential coding pattern-coding, with the picture frame in the reference formation as a reference, utilize the differential coding pattern that current macro is decoded, until complete the decoding of all macro blocks in present frame.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, in actual applications, may utilize computer program to realize described video bit stream coding/decoding method and device, also may utilize hardware or hardware circuit to realize described video bit stream coding/decoding method and device, also might be realized by computer software and combination of hardware, concrete implementation method can not be used for limiting scope of the present invention.
In one embodiment of the invention, utilize computer program to realize the video bit stream coding/decoding method that above-described embodiment provides, this computer program is arranged in a hardware environment that comprises at least one processing unit and memory.Wherein, in a multicomputer system, the common object computer executable program of a plurality of processing units provides disposal ability.Memory can be volatile memory (such as register, high-speed cache, RAM), nonvolatile memory (such as ROM, EEPROM, flash memory etc.), or both combinations.This memory stores is useful on computer program.The computer program of this processor by storing in execute store namely can be realized the described video bit stream coding/decoding method of the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, this hardware environment can further include input equipment, output equipment, with the extraneous communication equipment that is connected.
One embodiment of the invention also further provides a non-volatile memory medium, this medium is used for storage computer executable program module, this computer executable instructions in a single day or virtual processor true by is processed, and can realize the described video bit stream coding/decoding method of the embodiment of the present invention.Generally speaking, program module comprises routine, program, and the storehouse, object, class, assembly, data structure etc., they are carried out specific task or realize specific abstract data type.In various embodiments, the function between each program module can be combined or cut apart.In an embodiment of the present invention, can be in this locality or distributed computing environment (DCE) the computer executable instructions of execution of program modules.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, the multiple technologies vocabulary such as image, frame, picture frame have appearred, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that this three does not give strict differentiation description of the invention.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, is equal to replacement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a video bit stream coding/decoding method, be used for the video bit stream that decoding comprises at least one frame background image, it is characterized in that, described coding/decoding method comprises:
Receive decoded frame of video, comprised at least in following three signs in wherein said frame of video: be used for to indicate the first sign that whether present frame is background image, be used for indicating present frame whether exist utilize background image carry out differential coding the second sign, be used for indicating the 3rd sign one or more whether current macro takes the differential coding pattern;
Resolve described frame of video and whether comprise the first sign;
When not comprising the first sign, resolve described the second sign;
When described the second sign sign present frame existence utilizes background image to carry out differential coding, the background image that occurs before present frame is joined in reference image queue;
Travel through successively all macro blocks in present frame, parsing is arranged in the 3rd sign of each macro block head, when described the 3rd sign sign current macro is taked the differential coding pattern-coding, with the image in reference image queue as a reference, utilize the differential coding pattern that current macro is decoded, until complete the decoding of all macro blocks in present frame.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, at least one the grammer sign in described frame of video further comprises the 4th sign that whether should be output for indicating the current background image;
When comprising the first sign in described at least one grammer sign, described method further comprises:
Resolve described the first sign;
When described the first sign sign present frame is background image, resolve described the 4th sign;
When described the 4th sign sign current background image is not output, the described current background image of decoding, the described decoded background image of output display, wait for subsequent calls.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described at least one grammer sign comprises that further indicating the present frame frame is the 5th sign of which kind of interframe decoded picture; Described method further comprises:
Resolve described the 5th sign, obtain the type of interframe decoded picture;
According to the type of described interframe decoded picture, the decoding present frame.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described interframe decoded picture is decoded picture between decoded picture between forward frame, reference background decoded picture or bidirectional frame.
5. method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, the described current background image of described decoding, and the described decoded background image of output display not, wait for that subsequent calls comprises:
Described background image decoded picture is put into the background frames buffering area, when a follow-up interframe decoded picture need to be put into reference frame lists with described background image, the corresponding background image buffer memory of the reference frame buffering area of described interframe decoded picture is pointed to the background frames buffering area.
6. method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, decoded present frame is moved into the bitstream decoding buffering area successively, then successively decoded present frame shifted out from buffering area.
7. described method as arbitrary in claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that, when described current background image be a frame can not be output background image the time, described current background image and its next frame bit stream are moved into the decoded bit streambuf simultaneously, and detect the decoded bit streambuf and whether overflow.
8. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described grammer sign is by 1 or multidigit binary number representation, or 1 or multidigit multi-system number represent.
9. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, for the first sign, is background image frame with value for " 1 " indicates present frame; Value is the intraframe decoder image for " 0 " indicates present frame;
For the second sign, can indicate not exist with " 0 " and utilize background image to carry out differential coding, indicate to exist with " 1 " and utilize background image to carry out differential coding; Or
For the 3rd sign, for indicating current macro, " 1 " uses the differential coding pattern-coding with value; Value is not used the differential coding pattern-coding for " 0 " indicates current macro.
10. a video bit stream decoding device, be used for the video bit stream that decoding comprises at least one frame background image, it is characterized in that, described device comprises:
Receiver module, be used for receiving decoded frame of video, comprised at least one grammer sign in wherein said frame of video, described grammer sign comprise with indicate the first sign that whether present frame is background image, be used for indicating present frame whether exist utilize background image carry out differential coding the second sign, be used for indicating the 3rd sign one or more whether current macro takes the differential coding pattern;
Background image sign judge module is used for analysis judgment and whether comprises the first sign;
The differential coding pattern starts the sign judge module, when being used for not comprising the first sign, resolves described the second sign;
The Reference Frame List update module is used for when described the second sign sign present frame existence utilizes background image to carry out differential coding, the background image that occurs before present frame being joined in reference image queue;
Macroblock decode module, be used for traveling through successively all macro blocks in present frame, parsing is arranged in the 3rd sign of each macro block head, when described the 3rd sign sign current macro is taked the differential coding pattern-coding, with the image in reference image queue as a reference, utilize the differential coding pattern that current macro is decoded, until complete the decoding of all macro blocks in present frame.
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