CN103152088B - Uniform circular array antenna low-sidelobe beam formation method when array error exists - Google Patents
Uniform circular array antenna low-sidelobe beam formation method when array error exists Download PDFInfo
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- CN103152088B CN103152088B CN201310055960.3A CN201310055960A CN103152088B CN 103152088 B CN103152088 B CN 103152088B CN 201310055960 A CN201310055960 A CN 201310055960A CN 103152088 B CN103152088 B CN 103152088B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of uniform circular array antenna low-sidelobe beam formation method when array error exists, mainly solve prior art and ignore the array error of uniform circular array antenna or pair array error correction and thoroughly do not cause the problem of Wave beam forming difference.Its concrete steps realized are as follows, and (1) erects a television antenna; (2) signal source is placed; (3) receiver channel correction matrix is obtained; (4) steering vector is built; (5) steering vector is revised; (6) low-sidelobe beam is formed.The influence matrix factor that array error produces by the present invention regards a part for array antenna steering vector as, and actual measurement obtains steering vector when array error exists, and has the advantage that the steering vector of structure and actual conditions meet more.Utilization orientation figure integrated approach of the present invention calculates Sidelobe weight coefficient, can obtain satisfied Wave beam forming result.Superiority of the present invention and practicality are demonstrated further to the result of measured data.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to communication technical field, uniform circular array antenna low-sidelobe beam formation method when the array error further relating to Radar Signal Processing Technology field exists.Present invention can be implemented in when array error exists and low-sidelobe beam formation is carried out to uniform circular array antenna, obtain the result of good Wave beam forming.
Background technology
At present, both at home and abroad in Radar Signal Processing Technology field, the steering vector used during Wave beam forming is steering vector ideally or corrects later steering vector.
Beijing Jiaotong University is at its patent application document " multi-sector space multiplexing method and system thereof based on uniform circular array antenna " (publication number CN 101674114, application number 200910093583.6, applying date 2009.10.13) in when carrying out Wave beam forming, the steering vector used is the steering vector of ideally uniform circular array antenna.The deficiency that technology disclosed in this patent application exists is, have ignored the impact of array error on Wave beam forming result, uniform circular array antenna also exists serious array error in actual applications, causes the result of Wave beam forming very large with Wave beam forming result error ideally.
China Shipbuilding Heavy Industry Corporation Research Institute 715 is at its patent application document " a kind of U-shaped array beam forming weighting method " (publication number CN 101149435A, application number 200710156454.8, applying date 2007.10.23) in project in wave surface then complete Wave beam forming by windowing by participating in a period of time of Wave beam forming, pair array error has certain corrective action.The deficiency that technology disclosed in this patent application exists is, when carrying out Wave beam forming, array error is not corrected thoroughly, and residual array error will make Wave beam forming result be deteriorated.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of uniform circular array antenna low-sidelobe beam formation method when array error exists is proposed, the influence matrix factor that array error produces is regarded as a part for uniform circular array antenna steering vector, actual measurement obtains the steering vector of uniform circular array antenna when array error exists, bonding position figure integrated approach calculates the Sidelobe weight coefficient of uniform circular array antenna, solve prior art ignore array error or array error correct thoroughly time the problem of Wave beam forming result difference that obtains.
The thinking realizing the object of the invention is, the influence matrix factor that array error produces is regarded as a part for uniform circular array antenna steering vector, actual measurement obtains the steering vector of uniform circular array antenna when array error exists, bonding position figure integrated approach calculates the Sidelobe weight coefficient of uniform circular array antenna, then carries out Wave beam forming to uniform circular array antenna.
To achieve these goals, specific implementation step of the present invention comprises as follows:
(1) erect a television antenna: by uniform circular array antenna installation on turntable driven by stepper motors;
(2) signal source is placed: the far field signal source of a single-frequency being positioned over uniform circular array antenna in step (1);
(3) receiver channel correction matrix is obtained;
(4) steering vector is built:
4a) set the number of times that turntable rotates: the turntable number of revolutions that fixed support is provided with uniform circular array antenna is 360 times, and the number of times sequence number of turntable primary rotation is set to zero;
4b) the measuring-signal source angle of arrival: utilize global positioning system or transit survey to go out the signal source angle of arrival;
4c) build the steering vector of the signal source angle of arrival: collector gathers the Received signal strength of uniform circular array antenna, using the signal of any one snap that collects as step 4b) in steering vector corresponding to the signal source angle of arrival;
4d) judge whether turntable turns over the number of times of setting:
Turntable rotates 1 °, and the number of times sequence number of being rotated by turntable increases by 1, judges whether the number of times sequence number that turntable rotates is 360, if so, then performs step 4e), otherwise, perform step 4b);
4e) steering vector has built;
(5) steering vector is revised:
Each steering vector constructed by receiver channel correction matrix premultiplication step (4) that step (3) is obtained;
(6) low-sidelobe beam is formed:
Adopt Pattern Synthesis method to process revised steering vector, produce Sidelobe weight coefficient, use this Sidelobe weight coefficient to carry out Wave beam forming to uniform circular array antenna.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
First, the present invention is using the build-in attribute of array error as uniform circular array antenna, the influence matrix factor that array error produces is regarded as a part for uniform circular array antenna steering vector, the steering vector of uniform circular array antenna when array error exists is obtained by actual measurement, array error is all taken into account, overcome prior art not consider that array error or array error correct and thoroughly do not cause the problem of Wave beam forming result difference, make the present invention have the successful advantage of Wave beam forming.
Second, the present invention adopts Pattern Synthesis method, the statistical property of signal source and uniform circular array Received signal strength model are had no requirement, overcome prior art cannot be met or uniform circular array antenna receiving signal model and the inconsistent and problem of the Wave beam forming result difference caused of reality because of the requirement of signal source statistical property, make the present invention have practical advantage.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram adopting eight unit circle array antennas in the embodiment of the present invention;
The beam pattern that Fig. 3 is formed for the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Be described in detail as follows with reference to accompanying drawing 1 to concrete steps of the present invention.
Step 1, erects a television antenna: by uniform circular array antenna installation on turntable driven by stepper motors.
Step 2, places signal source: the far field signal source of a single-frequency being positioned over uniform circular array antenna in step (1).
Step 3, obtains receiver channel correction matrix:
The first step: by the output port in a single-frequency correction signal source, be connected with the input port of each passage of receiver respectively.
Second step: collector gathers the signal of each passage of receiver respectively.
3rd step: the signal gathered by same moment collector, forms a vector by the order of receiver channel, with first element in vector respectively divided by second of this vector to last element, obtain receiver channel correction factor vector.
4th step: the diagonal element in unit matrix is replaced with successively each element in receiver channel correction factor vector, forms a diagonal matrix, this diagonal matrix is defined as receiver channel correction matrix.
Step 4, builds steering vector:
4a) set the number of times that turntable rotates: the turntable number of revolutions that fixed support is provided with uniform circular array antenna is 360 times, and the number of times sequence number of turntable primary rotation is set to zero.
4b) the measuring-signal source angle of arrival: utilize global positioning system or transit survey to go out the signal source angle of arrival.
4c) build the steering vector of the signal source angle of arrival: collector gathers the Received signal strength of uniform circular array antenna, using the signal of any one snap that collects as step 4b) in steering vector corresponding to the signal source angle of arrival.
4d) judge whether turntable turns over the number of times of setting:
Turntable rotates 1 °, and the number of times sequence number of being rotated by turntable increases by 1, judges whether the number of times sequence number that turntable rotates is 360, if so, then performs step 4e), otherwise, perform step 4b).
4e) steering vector has built.
Step 5, revise steering vector:
Each steering vector constructed by receiver channel correction matrix premultiplication step (4) that step (3) is obtained.
Step 6, forms low-sidelobe beam:
Calculate Sidelobe weight coefficient:
The first step: measure in step (4) in the whole signal source angles of arrival obtained, a signal source angle of arrival is chosen as beam position, meanwhile, at (0 ° according to the spatial domain that will observe, 360 °) in scope, get main lobe width according to required angular resolution.The spatial domain that to be the signal source angle of arrival be near 0 °, the spatial domain will observed in embodiments of the invention, therefore beam position gets 0 °, and the angular resolution required in embodiments of the invention is 50 °, and therefore main lobe width gets 50 °.
Second step: in (0,1) scope, get the ratio of maximum sidelobe levels and main lobe level according to required signal to interference ratio value.Signal-to-jamming ratio 0.1 required in embodiments of the invention, therefore the ratio of maximum sidelobe levels and main lobe level is 0.1.
3rd step: determine secondary lobe region:
If beam position θ
0meet
during condition, then secondary lobe region is defined as
If beam position θ
0meet
during condition, then secondary lobe region is defined as
Under other situations except above-mentioned two situations, secondary lobe region is defined as
Wherein, α represents the main lobe width selected by this step first step, θ
0represent the beam position selected by this step first step.In the embodiment of the present invention, secondary lobe region is [25 °, 335 °].
4th step: selecting step (4) measures the whole signal source angles of arrival in the secondary lobe region obtained, composition secondary lobe district signal source angle of arrival vector, and add up the number of the signal source angle of arrival in this vector.In the embodiment of the present invention, in secondary lobe district signal source angle of arrival vector, the number of the signal source angle of arrival is 311.
5th step: calculate Sidelobe weight coefficient according to the following formula:
w＝(AA
H)
-1Ab
A＝[a(θ
0)，a(θ
1)，a(θ
2)，...，a(θ
J)]
b＝[1，β，β，β，...，β]
H
Wherein, w represents Sidelobe weight coefficient, and A represents beam point steering matrix, A
hrepresent the associate matrix of beam point steering matrix A, (AA
h)
-1representing matrix AA
hinverse matrix, b represent secondary lobe Automatic level control vector, a (θ
0), a (θ
1), a (θ
2) ..., a (θ
j) represent the signal source angle of arrival θ that step (4) builds respectively
0, θ
1, θ
2..., θ
jsteering vector, θ
0represent the beam position selected by this step first step, θ
1, θ
2..., θ
jrepresent the signal source angle of arrival in secondary lobe district signal source angle of arrival vector respectively, J represents the number of the signal source angle of arrival in secondary lobe district signal source angle of arrival vector, β represents the ratio of the maximum sidelobe levels that this step second step is chosen and main lobe level, and H represents conjugate transpose symbol.
Wave beam forming: utilize Sidelobe weight coefficient to be weighted the Received signal strength of uniform circular array antenna in the total space.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 2, accompanying drawing 3, effect of the present invention is further described.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the eight unit uniform circular array antennas adopted in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the beam pattern of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein, the beam pattern that the Sidelobe weight coefficient that Fig. 3 (a) produces for the steering vector utilizing the present invention's measurement and obtain is formed, the beam pattern of Sidelobe weight coefficient formation of Fig. 3 (b) for utilizing desirable steering vector and producing.
1, the condition of the embodiment of the present invention:
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the eight unit uniform circular array antennas adopted in embodiments of the invention, in Fig. 2, the radius of antenna is 3.06m, in Fig. 2 indicate 0,1,2, ..7 eight a period of time of eight unit uniform circular array antennas are represented, eight a period of time are uniformly distributed in great circle in fig. 2, and s (t) represents the simple signal source adopted in the embodiment of the present invention, and θ is the signal source angle of arrival.In the embodiment of the present invention, the frequency of signal source is 100.52MHz, and sample frequency is 76.8MHz, and data transfer rate is 200KHz, and the eight unit uniform circular array antennas deposit data of sampling in each position is in an independent file, and file size is 5M.Appoint from each file and get data and form the steering vector of eight unit uniform circular array antennas in the total space, beam position is taken as 0 °, and application direction figure integrated approach processes steering vector at MATLAB software platform, obtains one group of Sidelobe weight coefficient.Appoint in each data file get one from before different data, form the Received signal strength sample of eight unit uniform circular array antennas in the total space, by this operation formation two samples, use Sidelobe weight coefficient to be weighted these two samples, the wave beam obtained is as shown in Fig. 3 (a).
2, the interpretation of result of the embodiment of the present invention:
Fig. 3 (a) receives for the Sidelobe weight coefficient utilizing the present invention to produce is added in eight unit uniform circular array antennas the wave beam that two different samples of data obtain in the total space.In Fig. 3 (a), transverse axis represents the angle of arrival of signal source, and the longitudinal axis represents that eight unit uniform circular array antenna receiving signals are weighted later relative power.In Fig. 3 (a), curve is that eight unit uniform circular array antenna receiving signals are weighted the change curve of later relative power with the signal source angle of arrival, the curve indicated with solid line in Fig. 3 (a) represents the wave beam that the low-sidelobe beam utilizing the present invention to produce is added in eight unit uniform circular array antennas and is formed on one of them sample of total space Received signal strength, and the low-sidelobe beam that the signal indication indicated with dotted line utilizes the present invention to produce is added in the wave beam that eight unit uniform circular array antennas are formed on the another one sample of total space Received signal strength.As can be seen from Fig. 3 (a), the Sidelobe weight coefficient utilizing the present invention to produce is added in eight unit uniform circular array antennas and in the total space, receives the wave beam that two different samples of data obtain almost overlap, and the power of the highest secondary lobe is lower than main lobe 20dB, obtains good low-sidelobe beam and form result.
Fig. 3 (b) receives for the Sidelobe weight coefficient utilizing desirable steering vector and produce is added in eight unit uniform circular array antennas the wave beam that a sample of data produces in the total space, transverse axis represents the angle of arrival of signal source, the longitudinal axis represents that eight unit uniform circular array antenna receiving signals are weighted later relative power, in Fig. 3 (b), curve is that eight unit uniform circular array antenna receiving signals are weighted the change curve of later relative power with the signal source angle of arrival, as can be seen from Fig. 3 (b), the Sidelobe weight coefficient utilizing desirable steering vector to produce is added in eight unit uniform circular array antennas and receives the wave beam that a sample of data produces in the total space, main lobe points to and deviate from expection sensing, maximum sidelobe levels is too high, and the Sidelobe weight coefficient utilizing the present invention to produce can obtain good Wave beam forming result, the highest secondary lobe power is lower than main lobe 20dB, demonstrate superiority of the present invention and practicality.
Claims (1)
1. uniform circular array antenna low-sidelobe beam formation method when array error exists, its concrete steps are as follows:
(1) erect a television antenna: by uniform circular array antenna installation on turntable driven by stepper motors;
(2) signal source is placed: the far field signal source of a single-frequency being positioned over uniform circular array antenna in step (1);
(3) receiver channel correction matrix is obtained;
The obtaining step of described receiver channel correction matrix is as follows:
The first step: by the output port in a single-frequency correction signal source, be connected with the input port of each passage of receiver respectively;
Second step: collector gathers the signal of each passage of receiver respectively;
3rd step: the signal gathered by same moment collector, forms a vector by the order of receiver channel, with first element in vector respectively divided by second of this vector to last element, obtain receiver channel correction factor vector;
4th step: the diagonal element in unit matrix is replaced with successively each element in receiver channel correction factor vector, forms a diagonal matrix, this diagonal matrix is defined as receiver channel correction matrix;
(4) steering vector is built:
4a) set the number of times that turntable rotates: the turntable number of revolutions that fixed support is provided with uniform circular array antenna is 360 times, and the number of times sequence number of turntable primary rotation is set to zero;
4b) the measuring-signal source angle of arrival: utilize global positioning system or transit survey to go out the signal source angle of arrival;
4c) build the steering vector of the signal source angle of arrival: collector gathers the Received signal strength of uniform circular array antenna, using the signal of any one snap that collects as step 4b) in steering vector corresponding to the signal source angle of arrival;
4d) judge whether turntable turns over the number of times of setting:
Turntable rotates 1 °, and the number of times sequence number of being rotated by turntable increases by 1, judges whether the number of times sequence number that turntable rotates is 360, if so, then performs step 4e), otherwise, perform step 4b);
4e) steering vector has built;
(5) steering vector is revised:
Each steering vector constructed by receiver channel correction matrix premultiplication step (4) that step (3) is obtained;
(6) low-sidelobe beam is formed:
Adopt Pattern Synthesis method to process revised steering vector, produce Sidelobe weight coefficient, use this Sidelobe weight coefficient to carry out Wave beam forming to uniform circular array antenna;
The concrete steps of described Pattern Synthesis method are as follows:
The first step: measure in step (4) in the whole signal source angles of arrival obtained, a signal source angle of arrival is chosen as beam position, meanwhile, at (0 ° according to the spatial domain that will observe, 360 °) in scope, get main lobe width according to required angular resolution;
Second step: in (0,1) scope, get the ratio of maximum sidelobe levels and main lobe level according to required signal to interference ratio value;
3rd step: determine secondary lobe region:
If beam position θ
0meet
during condition, then secondary lobe region is defined as
If beam position θ
0meet
during condition, then secondary lobe region is defined as
Under other situations except above-mentioned two situations, secondary lobe region is defined as
Wherein, α represents the main lobe width selected by this step first step, θ
0represent the beam position selected by this step first step;
4th step: selecting step (4) measures the whole signal source angles of arrival in the secondary lobe region obtained, composition secondary lobe district signal source angle of arrival vector, and add up the number of the signal source angle of arrival in this vector;
5th step: calculate Sidelobe weight coefficient according to the following formula:
w＝(AA
H)
-1Ab
A＝[a(θ
0)，a(θ
1)，a(θ
2)，...，a(θ
J)]
b＝[1，β，β，β，...，β]
H
Wherein, w represents Sidelobe weight coefficient, and A represents beam point steering matrix, A
hrepresent the associate matrix of beam point steering matrix A, (AA
h)
-1representing matrix AA
hinverse matrix, b represent secondary lobe Automatic level control vector, a (θ
0), a (θ
1), a (θ
2) ..., a (θ
j) represent the signal source angle of arrival θ that step (4) builds respectively
0, θ
1, θ
2..., θ
jsteering vector, θ
0represent the beam position selected by this step first step, θ
1, θ
2..., θ
jrepresent the signal source angle of arrival in secondary lobe district signal source angle of arrival vector respectively, J represents the number of the signal source angle of arrival in secondary lobe district signal source angle of arrival vector, β represents the ratio of the maximum sidelobe levels that this step second step is chosen and main lobe level, and H represents conjugate transpose symbol;
Described Wave beam forming has been weighted the Received signal strength of uniform circular array antenna in the total space by Sidelobe weight coefficient.
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| CN201310055960.3A CN103152088B (en) | 2013-01-31 | 2013-01-31 | Uniform circular array antenna low-sidelobe beam formation method when array error exists |
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| CN110110450B (en) * | 2019-05-11 | 2023-02-21 | 西安电子科技大学 | Rigid deployable antenna assembly error analysis method based on analytic electromechanical coupling model |
| CN113329491B (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-10-12 | 网络通信与安全紫金山实验室 | Positioning parameter determination method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6784835B2 (en) * | 2001-12-03 | 2004-08-31 | Sony Corporation | Array antenna |
| CN101149435A (en) * | 2007-10-23 | 2008-03-26 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | U-shaped array beam forming weighting method |
| CN101674114A (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2010-03-17 | 北京交通大学 | Multi-sector space multiplexing method and system based on uniform circular array antenna |
| CN102082591A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-06-01 | 武汉滨湖电子有限责任公司 | Method for forming circular array antenna digital wave beams |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8354960B2 (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2013-01-15 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Method for low sidelobe operation of a phased array antenna having failed antenna elements |
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2013
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6784835B2 (en) * | 2001-12-03 | 2004-08-31 | Sony Corporation | Array antenna |
| CN101149435A (en) * | 2007-10-23 | 2008-03-26 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | U-shaped array beam forming weighting method |
| CN101674114A (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2010-03-17 | 北京交通大学 | Multi-sector space multiplexing method and system based on uniform circular array antenna |
| CN102082591A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-06-01 | 武汉滨湖电子有限责任公司 | Method for forming circular array antenna digital wave beams |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Adaptive Beamforming Using Frequency Invariant Uniform Concentric Circular Arrays;H. H. Chen et al;《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS—I: REGULAR PAPERS》;20070917;第54卷(第9期);全文 * |
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