CN103150701A - QR (Quick Response) code watermarking algorithm with strong robustness - Google Patents
QR (Quick Response) code watermarking algorithm with strong robustness Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103150701A CN103150701A CN2013101139341A CN201310113934A CN103150701A CN 103150701 A CN103150701 A CN 103150701A CN 2013101139341 A CN2013101139341 A CN 2013101139341A CN 201310113934 A CN201310113934 A CN 201310113934A CN 103150701 A CN103150701 A CN 103150701A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- watermark
- code
- mod
- algorithm
- sub
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Editing Of Facsimile Originals (AREA)
- Image Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a digital watermarking algorithm for the enhancement of the robustness of a watermarking system, wherein the algorithm comprises the steps of coding specific marking information as a quick response matrix code (QR (Quick Response) code), as a digital watermark, and making use of discrete wavelet transform to embed the QR code into an intermediate frequency coefficient after secondary wavelet decomposition of a carrier image. Therefore, under the premise of assurance of the invisibility of the watermark, the enhancement of the watermark robustness is achieved. The simulation experimental result of a watermark attack indicates that as the digital watermark, the QR code is capable of largely enhancing the robustness of the watermarking system. The digital watermarking algorithm can be widely used in the fields of copyright protection, anti-counterfeiting and the like, and has certain practical value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to anti-counterfeiting technology, information security field, particularly a kind of strong robustness QR yardage word watermarking algorithm.
Background technology
Digital watermark technology is the data redundancy that utilizes the sensory not clear sense characteristic of the mankind and digital signal itself to exist; by certain algorithm, identification information is hidden in the digital products such as digital picture, video, audio frequency, this technology can realize the property right protection of digital product and distort evaluation.2D bar code technology is a kind of standardized information storage and the automatic identification technology that grows up on the bases such as computer image processing technology, assembly coding principle, large with its information capacity, coding range is wide, error correcting capability is strong, have the performances such as certain anti-counterfeit capability, be widely used.The present invention has proposed quick response matrix code (QR code) as the algorithm of digital watermarking with the enhancing watermark robustness on this this basis.This algorithm is to utilize the method for wavelet transform the QR code watermark to be embedded in the intermediate frequency coefficient of carrier image secondary wavelet decomposition, utilize human visual system's characteristic, make the QR code watermark have good invisibility, utilize again the stronger error correcting capability of QR code to improve the robustness of watermark.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to existing watermaking system invisibility, the conflicting problem of robustness, a kind of strong robustness QR code watermark algorithm has been proposed, this algorithm is to utilize wavelet transform technique guarantee watermaking system invisibility, utilizes the error correcting capability of QR code to improve the robustness of watermaking system.
The present invention can use following scheme to achieve these goals:
A kind of strong robustness QR code watermark algorithm involved in the present invention is characterized in that, realized by following concrete steps: wherein, carry out watermarking algorithm, watermark information is embedded into colored carriers figure: (1) is encoded to the QR code with watermark information; (2) use the Arnold Chaotic Technology that the QR code is encrypted; (3) the blue channel image of color host image carried out the secondary wavelet decomposition, obtain coefficient of wavelet decomposition d at different levels
1 θ(i, j), l=1 wherein, 2, the expression wavelet decomposition number of plies, θ=0,1,2,3 represent respectively the wavelet coefficient of low frequency, level, vertical and diagonal; (4) then with the frequency coefficient matrixes d after the secondary wavelet decomposition
1 2(i, j) is divided into the sub-block d of non-overlapping copies by the size of watermarking images
1 2, m, m(i, j), wherein, m, n are the coordinates of sub-block, i, j are the coefficient coordinates in corresponding sub-block, and select the coefficient coordinate as the embedded location of QR code, and its matrix are divided into four sub-blocks of equal and opposite in direction and non-overlapping copies by the size of watermarking images; (5) at the frequency coefficient matrixes d in wavelet transform territory
1 2Repeat to embed the QR code after encryption in each sub-block of (i, j); Set a threshold value T, when the watermark information when embedding is 0, if mod is (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T) ﹤ 3T/4, d
' 1 2, m, n(i, j)=d
1 2, m, n(i, j)-mod (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T)+T/4; If mod is (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T)＞=3T/4, d
' 1 2, m, n(i, j)=d
1 2, m, n(i, j)-mod (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T)+5T/4; When the watermark information when embedding is 1, if mod is (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T) ﹤ T/4, d
' 1 2, m, n(i, j)=d
1 2, m, n(i, j)-mod (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T)-T/4; If mod is (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T)＞=T/4, d
' 1 2, m, n(i, j)=d
1 2, m, n(i, j)-mod (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T)+3T/4; (6) carry out blue channel image after the secondary inverse wavelet transform obtains embed watermark; (7) merge channels obtains the coloured image after embed watermark.
At QR code watermark algorithm involved in the present invention, it is characterized in that: wherein, adopt the watermark extracting algorithm, watermark is extracted from color host image also have following steps: (8) carry out the secondary wavelet decomposition to the blue channel image of the color host image of embed watermark, then with the frequency coefficient matrixes of the second level by being divided into equal-sized four sub-blocks; When (9) extracting watermark, if mod is (d
' 1 2, m, n(i, j), T)＜=T/2, watermark information is 0, otherwise is 1; (10) use the QR code image of Arnold Chaotic Technology deciphering watermark; (11) with the decoding of QR code, extract original watermark information.
Further, used quick response matrix code to encode to identification information, with it as digital watermarking.
The invention effect
A kind of strong robustness QR watermark code algorithm involved in the present invention owing to having used the Arnold Chaotic Technology, can't destroy the information of watermark when can be encrypted the QR watermark.Utilize the technology of wavelet transform, particularly utilize intermediate frequency coefficient after the secondary wavelet decomposition to cut apart image and embed watermark in addition, can guarantee invisibility and the non-susceptibility of watermark, QR code error correcting capability can be strengthened the robustness of watermark, thereby has solved existing watermaking system invisibility, the conflicting problem of robustness.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is watermarking algorithm process flow diagram in strong robustness QR code watermark algorithm of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is watermark extracting algorithm flow chart in strong robustness QR code watermark algorithm of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiment of a kind of strong robustness QR code watermark method involved in the present invention is done elaborating, but the present invention is not limited only to this embodiment.Understand for the public is had thoroughly the present invention, describe detail in detail in the preferred embodiment of following invention.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is watermarking algorithm process flow diagram in strong robustness QR code watermark algorithm of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the algorithm flow chart of watermark embedding color host image has following steps:
Step S1-101:
Watermark information is encoded according to relevant regulations in GB/T 18284-2000, generate QR code watermark image;
Step S1-102:
Use the Arnold Chaotic Technology that the QR code that generates is encrypted.
Step S1-103:
Blue channel image to color host image carries out the secondary wavelet decomposition, obtains coefficient of wavelet decomposition d at different levels
1 θ(i, j), 1=1 wherein, 2, the expression wavelet decomposition number of plies; θ=0,1,2,3 represent respectively the wavelet coefficient of low frequency, level, vertical and diagonal.
Step S1-104:
With the frequency coefficient matrixes d after the secondary wavelet decomposition
1 2(i, j) is divided into the sub-block d of non-overlapping copies by the size of watermarking images
1 2, m, m(i, j), m wherein, n is the coordinate of sub-block, i, j are the coefficient coordinates in corresponding sub-block.Select it as the embedded location of QR code, and its matrix is divided into four sub-blocks of equal and opposite in direction and non-overlapping copies by the size of watermarking images.
Step S1-105:
Frequency coefficient matrixes d in wavelet transform (DWT) territory
1 2Repeat to embed the QR code after encryption in each sub-block of (i, j).Set a threshold value T, when the watermark information when embedding is 0, if mod is (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T) ﹤ 3T/4, d
' 1 2, m, n(i, j)=d
1 2, m, n(i, j)-mod (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T)+T/4; If mod is (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T)＞=3T/4, d
' 1 2, m, n(i, j)=d
1 2, m, n(i, j)-mod (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T)+5T/4.When the watermark information when embedding is 1, if mod is (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T) ﹤ T/4, d
' 1 2, m, n(i, j)=d
1 2, m, n(i, j)-mod (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T)-T/4; If mod is (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T)＞=T/4, d
' 1 2, m, n(i, j)=d
1 2, m, n(i, j)-mod (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T)+3T/4.
Step S1-106:
Carry out the blue channel image after the secondary wavelet inverse transformation obtains embed watermark
Step S1-107:
Merge channels obtains the coloured image after embed watermark.
Fig. 2 is watermark extracting algorithm flow chart in strong robustness QR code watermark algorithm of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 2, the watermark extracting algorithm flow that goes out color host image has following steps:
Step S1-201:
Extract blue channel in containing the color host image of watermark.
Step S1-202:
Blue channel image to the color host image of embed watermark carries out the secondary wavelet decomposition, then with the frequency coefficient matrixes of the second level by being divided into equal-sized four sub-blocks.
Step S1-203:
During watermark extracting, if mod is (d
' 1 2, m, n(i, j), T)＜=T/2, watermark information is 0, otherwise is 1.
Step S1-204:
Utilize Arnold disorderly to put the technology deciphering and obtain QR code image.
Step S1-205:
With the decoding of QR code, obtain original watermark information.
The effect of specific embodiment and effect
A kind of strong robustness QR code watermark method involved in the present invention owing to having used the Arnold Chaotic Technology, can't be destroyed the information of watermark when can be encrypted the QR watermark.Utilize the technology of wavelet transform, particularly utilize intermediate frequency coefficient after the secondary wavelet decomposition to cut apart image and embed watermark in addition, can guarantee invisibility and the non-susceptibility of watermark, QR code error correcting capability can be strengthened the robustness of watermark, thereby has solved existing watermaking system invisibility, the conflicting problem of robustness.
Claims (3)
1. a strong robustness QR code watermark algorithm, is characterized in that, realized by following concrete steps:
Wherein, carry out watermarking algorithm, watermark information be embedded into colored carriers figure:
(1) described watermark information is encoded to the QR code;
(2) use the Arnold Chaotic Technology that described QR code is encrypted;
(3) the blue channel image of described color host image carried out the secondary wavelet decomposition, obtain coefficient of wavelet decomposition d at different levels
1 θ(i, j), l=1 wherein, 2, the expression wavelet decomposition number of plies, θ=0,1,2,3 represent respectively the wavelet coefficient of low frequency, level, vertical and diagonal;
(4) then with the frequency coefficient matrixes d after described secondary wavelet decomposition
1 2(i, j) is divided into the sub-block d of non-overlapping copies by the size of watermarking images
1 2, m, m(i, j), wherein, m, n are the coordinates of sub-block, i, j is the coefficient coordinate in corresponding sub-block, and selects described coefficient coordinate as the embedded location of described QR code, and its matrix is divided into four sub-blocks of equal and opposite in direction and non-overlapping copies by the size of watermarking images;
(5) at the described frequency coefficient matrixes d in wavelet transform territory
1 2Repeat to embed the QR code after encryption in each sub-block of (i, j);
Set a threshold value T, when the watermark information when embedding is 0, if mod is (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T) ﹤ 3T/4, d
' 1 2, m, n(i, j)=d
1 2, m, n(i, j)-mod (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T)+T/4; If mod is (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T)＞=3T/4, d
' 1 2, m, n(i, j)=d
1 2, m, n(i, j)-mod (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T)+5T/4;
When the watermark information when embedding is 1, if mod is (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T) ﹤ T/4, d
' 1 2, m, n(i, j)=d
1 2, m, n(i, j)-mod (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T)-T/4; If mod is (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T)＞=T/4, d
' 1 2, m, n(i, j)=d
1 2, m, n(i, j)-mod (d
1 2, m, n(i, j), T)+3T/4;
(6) carry out blue channel image after the secondary inverse wavelet transform obtains embed watermark;
(7) merge channels obtains the coloured image after embed watermark.
2. QR code watermark algorithm according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Wherein, adopt the watermark extracting algorithm, described watermark is extracted from described color host image also have following steps:
(8) the described blue channel image of the described color host image that embeds described watermark carried out the secondary wavelet decomposition, then with the frequency coefficient matrixes d after described secondary wavelet decomposition
1 2(i, j) is by being divided into equal-sized four sub-blocks;
When (9) extracting described watermark, if mod is (d
' 1 2, m, n(i, j), T)＜=T/2, described watermark information is 0, otherwise is 1;
(10) use the QR code image of the described watermark of described Arnold Chaotic Technology deciphering;
(11) with the decoding of described QR code, extract original described watermark information.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Used quick response matrix code to encode to described identification information, with it as described digital watermarking.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013101139341A CN103150701A (en) | 2013-04-03 | 2013-04-03 | QR (Quick Response) code watermarking algorithm with strong robustness |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013101139341A CN103150701A (en) | 2013-04-03 | 2013-04-03 | QR (Quick Response) code watermarking algorithm with strong robustness |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103150701A true CN103150701A (en) | 2013-06-12 |
Family
ID=48548755
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013101139341A Pending CN103150701A (en) | 2013-04-03 | 2013-04-03 | QR (Quick Response) code watermarking algorithm with strong robustness |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103150701A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103366333A (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2013-10-23 | 上海理工大学 | Standard color space-based color digital holographic watermarking algorithm |
| CN103378967A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-10-30 | 重庆大学 | QR code encryption method |
| CN103886545A (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2014-06-25 | 上海理工大学 | Transformation domain printing-scanning resistant digital watermarking method based on computer-generated holography |
| CN105303512A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-02-03 | 安徽大学 | Video dual watermark method based on SVD and QR codes |
| CN107103577A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-08-29 | 中国科学院信息工程研究所 | Half fragile uniqueness image watermark insertion and extracting method for integrity protection |
| CN111445268A (en) * | 2020-03-29 | 2020-07-24 | 武汉积墨包装印刷有限公司 | Printing ink tracing method based on block chain and 5G communication |
| CN111598197A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-28 | 燕山大学 | QR code encryption and decryption method and system based on wavelet and magic square transformation |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102005026A (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2011-04-06 | 天津职业技术师范大学 | Method for realizing robust digital watermarking by applying two-dimensional code |
| WO2011098609A1 (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2011-08-18 | The University Of Warwick | Three-dimensional optical and material structures |
-
2013
- 2013-04-03 CN CN2013101139341A patent/CN103150701A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011098609A1 (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2011-08-18 | The University Of Warwick | Three-dimensional optical and material structures |
| CN102005026A (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2011-04-06 | 天津职业技术师范大学 | Method for realizing robust digital watermarking by applying two-dimensional code |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 孙刘杰: "一种新的安全鲁棒全息数字水印技术", 《包装工程》, vol. 34, no. 1, 31 January 2013 (2013-01-31), pages 107 - 108 * |
| 王子煜等: "强鲁棒性QR码水印技术", 《包装工程》, vol. 33, no. 15, 31 August 2012 (2012-08-31), pages 84 - 87 * |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103366333A (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2013-10-23 | 上海理工大学 | Standard color space-based color digital holographic watermarking algorithm |
| CN103378967A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-10-30 | 重庆大学 | QR code encryption method |
| CN103378967B (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2016-01-27 | 重庆大学 | A kind of QR code encryption method |
| CN103886545A (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2014-06-25 | 上海理工大学 | Transformation domain printing-scanning resistant digital watermarking method based on computer-generated holography |
| CN105303512A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-02-03 | 安徽大学 | Video dual watermark method based on SVD and QR codes |
| CN105303512B (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2018-06-29 | 安徽大学 | Video double-watermarking method based on SVD and QR codes |
| CN107103577A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-08-29 | 中国科学院信息工程研究所 | Half fragile uniqueness image watermark insertion and extracting method for integrity protection |
| CN111445268A (en) * | 2020-03-29 | 2020-07-24 | 武汉积墨包装印刷有限公司 | Printing ink tracing method based on block chain and 5G communication |
| CN111598197A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-28 | 燕山大学 | QR code encryption and decryption method and system based on wavelet and magic square transformation |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103150701A (en) | QR (Quick Response) code watermarking algorithm with strong robustness | |
| Tao et al. | Robust image watermarking theories and techniques: A review | |
| CN109035129B (en) | Color digital image blind watermarking method based on two-dimensional discrete sine transformation | |
| CN102184243B (en) | Text-type attribute-based relational database watermark embedding method | |
| CN102968756A (en) | Color image watermark embedding and extraction method based on fractional order hyper-chaos and discrete wavelet transform-singular value decomposition (DWT-SVD) | |
| CN109191361A (en) | Image Watermarking, extracting method and correlation technique | |
| CN105761199A (en) | Robustness color image watermarking method based on combination domain | |
| CN103955878A (en) | DWT-SVD geometric attack prevention blind watermark method based on SIFT | |
| CN104899823B (en) | The dual-color image blind watermarking method decomposed based on Hessenberg | |
| Mahajan et al. | Adaptive steganography: a survey of recent statistical aware steganography techniques | |
| CN103106636A (en) | Gray image watermark embedding and extracting method based on singular value decomposition | |
| Zhang et al. | A contour-based semi-fragile image watermarking algorithm in DWT domain | |
| CN109102454A (en) | A kind of colored QR code digital blind watermark method merging Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) | |
| CN108681982A (en) | A kind of embedding algorithm and extracting method and system based on singular value decomposition | |
| Rai et al. | Analysis of image steganography techniques: a survey | |
| Makbol et al. | A hybrid robust image watermarking scheme using integer wavelet transform, singular value decomposition and arnold transform | |
| Arya et al. | Improved capacity image steganography algorithm using 16-pixel differencing with n-bit LSB substitution for RGB images | |
| CN103428503B (en) | A kind of method and apparatus of watermark extracting in Digital Media | |
| CN104978706B (en) | Watermark embedding and extracting method, device and system based on Fourier descriptor | |
| CN101860743B (en) | Real-time digital video watermarking method based on MPEG-2 standard | |
| CN101860744B (en) | Real-time digital video watermarking method based on H.264 standard | |
| CN102708536A (en) | Strong-robustness transform domain encrypted holographic watermarking algorithm | |
| Zamani et al. | Knots of substitution techniques of audio steganography | |
| CN106612467A (en) | A video content protection method and apparatus based on watermarks | |
| CN103500350A (en) | Chinese-sensible code and digital watermark-based anti-counterfeit method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20130612 |