CN103148802B - Overhead size binocular panoramic visual inspection system for commercial automobile - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种汽车工业领域的检测设备,更具体的说,它涉及一种顶置式营运汽车尺寸双目全景视觉检测系统。The invention relates to a detection device in the field of the automobile industry, more specifically, it relates to a top-mounted binocular panoramic vision detection system for commercial vehicles.
背景技术Background technique
为保证汽车的安全行驶,汽车整车尺寸的测量是汽车检测领域的主要检测项目之一。目前,对汽车尺寸的测量主要停留在手工米尺测量,效率低,精度差,工作人员劳动强度大。采用采集汽车图像进而实现整车尺寸测量的方法解决了以上技术瓶颈,然而由于营运车辆的长度方向尺寸大,摄像机镜头由于视角限制无法实现在检测线车间范围内对整车图像的全部采集,只能通过图像拼接的方式进行测量,图像拼接测量精度低,耗时长,无法适应检测线的检测节拍。另外,现有视觉发放采用水平方向的摄像机采集单幅图像,一方面单幅图像无法得到三维尺度方向的信息,另一方面,由于检测车间空间限制,摄像机水平位置与营运车辆距离不超过1.5m,导致近距离采集的整体图像畸变较大,单幅图像中对车长测量具有关键意义的对应于车头和车尾位置的图像畸变更大,从提高测量准确度角度,需要从车顶采用双目摄像机采集图像,因此设计顶置式营运汽车尺寸双目全景视觉检测系统,对汽车工业检测领域的技术进步具有重要意义。In order to ensure the safe driving of automobiles, the measurement of vehicle dimensions is one of the main inspection items in the field of automobile inspection. At present, the measurement of vehicle size is mainly based on manual meter measurement, which has low efficiency, poor accuracy, and high labor intensity for staff. The method of collecting car images and then measuring the size of the whole vehicle solves the above technical bottlenecks. However, due to the large size of the commercial vehicles in the longitudinal direction, the camera lens cannot collect all the images of the whole vehicle within the scope of the inspection line workshop due to the limited viewing angle. It can be measured by means of image stitching, but the measurement accuracy of image stitching is low, it takes a long time, and it cannot adapt to the detection beat of the detection line. In addition, the existing visual distribution uses a horizontal camera to collect a single image. On the one hand, a single image cannot obtain information on the three-dimensional scale direction. On the other hand, due to the limited space of the inspection workshop, the distance between the horizontal position of the camera and the operating vehicle does not exceed 1.5m , resulting in large distortion of the overall image collected at close range, and the image distortion corresponding to the position of the front and rear of the vehicle, which is critical to the measurement of vehicle length in a single image, is greatly distorted. From the perspective of improving measurement accuracy, it is necessary to use a double Therefore, the design of a top-mounted commercial vehicle-sized binocular panoramic vision inspection system is of great significance to the technological progress of the automotive industry inspection field.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明针对目前无法实现应用双目摄像机实现车辆整车尺寸图像采集进而完成高精度检测营运车辆整车尺寸的现状,提供了一种能够从车顶采集营运车辆两幅不同视角图像,并且采集到的车辆图像位于整幅图像的中间位置,图像畸变较小、测量准确度高、易于安装、通用性强、性能可靠的可满足国家计量、质量监督部门以及生产厂家整车图像采集要求的顶置式营运汽车尺寸双目全景视觉检测系统。The present invention aims at the present situation that it is impossible to use a binocular camera to realize vehicle size image acquisition and then complete high-precision detection of the vehicle size of a commercial vehicle. The vehicle image is located in the middle of the entire image, with less image distortion, high measurement accuracy, easy installation, strong versatility, and reliable performance. It can meet the requirements of national metrology, quality supervision departments and manufacturers for vehicle image acquisition. Operating car size binocular panoramic vision inspection system.
参阅图1至图12,为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用如下技术方案予以实现。本发明所提供的顶置式营运汽车尺寸双目全景视觉检测系统包括有支撑杆、箱体、右摄像机座、右凸透镜座、右滤光片座、投线仪座、右摄像机、投线仪、右凸透镜、右滤光片、左凸透镜座、左凸透镜、左摄像机座、左滤光片座、左滤光片与左摄像机。Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 12, in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to realize it. The binocular panorama visual detection system for the size of the roof-mounted commercial vehicle provided by the present invention includes a support rod, a box body, a right camera seat, a right convex lens seat, a right filter seat, a line thrower seat, a right camera, a line thrower, Right convex lens, right optical filter, left convex lens holder, left convex lens, left camera holder, left optical filter holder, left optical filter and left camera.
支撑杆放置在平整的地面上,地面的四个地脚螺栓穿过支撑杆底部圆盘的四个小圆形通孔与螺母螺纹固定连接,螺栓穿过支撑杆顶部圆盘的四个小圆形通孔和箱体顶面的四个小圆形螺纹孔与箱体螺纹固定连接。The support rod is placed on a flat ground, and the four anchor bolts on the ground pass through the four small circular through holes on the bottom disc of the support rod and are threadedly connected with the nuts, and the bolts pass through the four small circles on the top disc of the support rod The four small circular threaded holes on the top surface of the box body are fixedly connected with the box body through the through hole.
右摄像机放置于右摄像机座顶部的矩形钢板上,螺栓自下而上穿入右摄像机座顶部的矩形钢板的圆形通孔和右摄像机下方的螺纹孔与右摄像机螺纹固定连接,两个螺栓分别穿过右摄像机座的两个圆形通孔和箱体后平面的螺纹孔与箱体螺纹固定连接,右摄像机的光轴应垂直穿过右滤光片的中心并与右凸透镜的光轴重合。The right camera is placed on the rectangular steel plate on the top of the right camera seat, and the bolts penetrate the circular through hole of the rectangular steel plate on the top of the right camera seat from bottom to top and the threaded hole under the right camera is fixedly connected with the right camera thread, and the two bolts are respectively The two circular through holes passing through the right camera seat and the threaded hole on the back plane of the box are fixedly connected with the box. The optical axis of the right camera should pass through the center of the right filter vertically and coincide with the optical axis of the right convex lens. .
右滤光片自上而下放入右滤光片座上部的长槽中,四个螺栓穿入右滤光片座的侧面为U形且截面为矩形的钢板的四个螺纹通孔与右滤光片座螺纹连接,四个螺栓的端部顶紧右滤光片,两个螺栓分别穿过右滤光片座的底面两个圆形通孔和箱体底面的螺纹通孔与箱体螺纹固定连接。The right filter is put into the long groove on the upper part of the right filter holder from top to bottom, and the four bolts are inserted into the four threaded through holes of the steel plate with a U-shaped side and a rectangular section on the right filter holder and the right filter holder. The filter seat is threaded, the ends of the four bolts are pressed against the right filter, and the two bolts respectively pass through the two circular through holes on the bottom of the right filter seat and the threaded through holes on the bottom of the box and the box. Screw fixed connection.
圆柱形右凸透镜自上而下放入右凸透镜座上部的长槽中,四个螺栓穿入圆弧形钢板的四个螺纹通孔与右凸透镜座螺纹连接,四个螺栓的端部顶紧右凸透镜,四个螺栓分别穿过右凸透镜座底部四个圆形通孔和箱体底面的螺纹通孔与箱体螺纹固定连接。The cylindrical right convex lens is put into the long groove on the upper part of the right convex lens seat from top to bottom, and the four bolts are penetrated into the four threaded through holes of the arc-shaped steel plate to be threadedly connected with the right convex lens seat, and the ends of the four bolts are fastened to the right For the convex lens, four bolts pass through four circular through holes at the bottom of the right convex lens seat and the threaded through holes on the bottom surface of the box body to be fixedly connected with the box body by threads.
投线仪放置于投线仪座顶部的圆孔内部,两个螺栓穿过两对同轴圆孔与另一侧的螺母螺纹固定连接并夹紧投线仪,两个螺栓分别穿过投线仪座底部的圆形通孔和细长通槽及箱体底面的螺纹通孔与箱体螺纹固定连接。The wire casting device is placed inside the round hole on the top of the wire feeding device seat. Two bolts pass through two pairs of coaxial round holes and are fixedly connected with the nuts on the other side to clamp the wire feeding device. The two bolts pass through the wire casting device respectively. The circular through hole and the slender through groove at the bottom of the instrument seat and the threaded through hole on the bottom surface of the box body are fixedly connected with the box body by threads.
左摄像机放置于左摄像机座顶部的矩形钢板上,螺栓自下而上穿入左摄像机座顶部的矩形钢板的圆形通孔和左摄像机下方的螺纹孔与左摄像机螺纹固定连接,两个螺栓分别穿过左摄像机座的两个圆形通孔以及箱体底面的螺纹通孔与箱体螺纹固定连接,左摄像机座与右摄像机座关于箱体的纵向对称面对称,左摄像机的光轴应垂直穿过左滤光片的中心并与左凸透镜的光轴重合。The left camera is placed on the rectangular steel plate on the top of the left camera base, and the bolts penetrate the circular through hole of the rectangular steel plate on the top of the left camera base from bottom to top and the threaded hole under the left camera is fixedly connected with the left camera by threads. The two bolts are respectively The two circular through holes passing through the left camera base and the threaded through holes on the bottom of the box are fixedly connected with the box. The left camera base and the right camera base are symmetrical about the longitudinal symmetry plane of the box. The optical axis of the left camera should be Passes vertically through the center of the left filter and coincides with the optical axis of the left convex lens.
左滤光片自上而下放入左滤光片座上部的长槽中,四个螺栓穿入左滤光片座的侧面为U形且截面为矩形的钢板的四个螺纹通孔与左滤光片座螺纹连接,四个螺栓的端部顶紧左滤光片,两个螺栓分别穿过左滤光片座底面的连个圆形通孔和箱体底面的螺纹孔与箱体螺纹固定连接,左滤光片座与右滤光片座关于箱体的纵向对称面对称。The left filter is put into the long slot on the upper part of the left filter holder from top to bottom, and the four bolts penetrate the four threaded through holes of the steel plate with U-shaped side and rectangular cross-section of the left filter holder and the left The filter seat is threaded, the ends of the four bolts are pressed against the left filter, and the two bolts respectively pass through two round through holes on the bottom of the left filter seat and the threaded hole on the bottom of the box and the thread on the box. Fixedly connected, the left filter seat and the right filter seat are symmetrical about the longitudinal symmetry plane of the box body.
圆柱形左凸透镜自上而下放入左凸透镜座上部的长槽中,四个螺栓穿入圆弧形钢板的四个螺纹通孔与左凸透镜座螺纹连接,四个螺栓的端部顶紧左凸透镜,四个螺栓分别穿过左凸透镜座底部四个圆形通孔和箱体底面的螺纹通孔与箱体螺纹固定连接,左凸透镜座与右凸透镜座关于箱体纵向对称面对称。The cylindrical left convex lens is put into the long groove on the upper part of the left convex lens seat from top to bottom, and the four bolts penetrate the four threaded holes of the arc-shaped steel plate to be threaded with the left convex lens seat, and the ends of the four bolts are tightened to the left For the convex lens, four bolts pass through four circular through holes at the bottom of the left convex lens seat and the threaded through holes on the bottom surface of the box body to be fixedly connected with the box body. The left convex lens seat and the right convex lens seat are symmetrical about the longitudinal symmetry plane of the box body.
技术方案中所述的支撑杆由两个圆盘和Γ型钢管焊接制成,Γ型钢管的高度不小于3.5m,长度不小于1.8m,Γ型钢管两端分别焊接一个圆盘,圆盘中间加工一个大圆形通孔,在大圆形通孔四周对称加工四个小圆形通孔。The support rod mentioned in the technical proposal is made by welding two discs and Γ-shaped steel pipes. A large circular through hole is processed in the middle, and four small circular through holes are symmetrically processed around the large circular through hole.
技术方案中所述的箱体为五块钢板焊接而成的水平截面为梯形的零件,箱体的底面加工十四个螺纹通孔,箱体的后平面加工四个螺纹通孔,箱体顶面中心加工一个大圆形通孔,箱体顶面大圆形通孔四周对称加工四个小圆形螺纹孔。The box body described in the technical proposal is a trapezoidal horizontal cross-section welded by five steel plates. Fourteen threaded through holes are processed on the bottom surface of the box body, four threaded through holes are processed on the rear plane of the box body, and the top of the box body A large circular through hole is processed in the center of the surface, and four small circular threaded holes are symmetrically processed around the large circular through hole on the top surface of the box.
技术方案中所述的右摄像机座是由两块矩形钢板焊接而成的L型零件,右摄像机座顶部的矩形钢板上加工一个圆形通孔,右摄像机座下部的矩形钢板上对称加工两个圆形通孔。The right camera base described in the technical proposal is an L-shaped part welded by two rectangular steel plates. A circular through hole is processed on the rectangular steel plate at the top of the right camera base, and two symmetrical holes are processed on the rectangular steel plate at the bottom of the right camera base. Circular through hole.
技术方案中所述的右滤光片座由标准钢板焊接而成,右滤光片座的底面为矩形钢板,底面中部垂直焊接一块矩形钢板,矩形钢板上表面焊接一块侧面为U形且截面为矩形的钢板,钢板两侧各加工一个等深度的长槽,长槽深度与右滤光片的高度相等,长槽的宽度大于右滤光片的厚度1-5mm,在侧面为U形且截面为矩形的钢板一侧对称加工四个螺纹通孔,右滤光片座的底面矩形钢板两侧对称加工两个圆形通孔。The right filter seat described in the technical proposal is welded by standard steel plates, the bottom surface of the right filter seat is a rectangular steel plate, a rectangular steel plate is welded vertically in the middle of the bottom surface, and a rectangular steel plate is welded on the upper surface with a U-shaped side and a cross-section of Rectangular steel plate, a long groove of equal depth is processed on both sides of the steel plate, the depth of the long groove is equal to the height of the right filter, the width of the long groove is 1-5mm greater than the thickness of the right filter, and the side is U-shaped and the cross-section Four threaded through holes are processed symmetrically on one side of the rectangular steel plate, and two circular through holes are processed symmetrically on both sides of the rectangular steel plate on the bottom surface of the right filter seat.
技术方案中所述的右凸透镜座由钢板焊接而成,右凸透镜座的底面为矩形钢板,底面中部焊接一块侧面为U形且横截面为圆弧形的钢板,钢板上部两侧沿圆弧轴向各加工一个等深度的长槽,长槽深度与右凸透镜的高度相等,长槽的宽度大于右凸透镜的厚度1-5mm,圆弧形钢板上部内侧对称加工四个螺纹通孔,右凸透镜座底面的矩形钢板四角对称加工四个圆形通孔。The right convex lens seat described in the technical proposal is welded by steel plates. The bottom surface of the right convex lens seat is a rectangular steel plate. A steel plate with U-shaped sides and arc-shaped cross-section is welded in the middle of the bottom surface. The two sides of the upper part of the steel plate are along the arc axis. Process a long groove of equal depth to each side, the depth of the long groove is equal to the height of the right convex lens, the width of the long groove is 1-5mm greater than the thickness of the right convex lens, four threaded through holes are symmetrically processed on the inner side of the upper part of the arc-shaped steel plate, and the right convex lens seat Four circular through holes are processed symmetrically at the four corners of the rectangular steel plate on the bottom surface.
技术方案中所述的投线仪座是由标准钢板加工而成的Ω型零件,投线仪座中部侧面对称加工两对同轴圆孔,投线仪座底部两侧分别加工一个圆形通孔和一个细长通槽。The line casting seat described in the technical proposal is an Ω-shaped part processed from a standard steel plate. Two pairs of coaxial round holes are symmetrically processed on the side of the middle part of the line casting seat, and a circular hole is processed on both sides of the bottom of the line casting seat. hole and an elongated slot.
技术方案中所述的左摄像机座是由两块矩形钢板焊接而成的L型零件,左摄像机座顶部的矩形钢板上加工一个圆形通孔,左摄像机座下部的矩形钢板上对称加工两个圆形通孔。The left camera base described in the technical proposal is an L-shaped part welded by two rectangular steel plates. A circular through hole is processed on the rectangular steel plate on the top of the left camera base, and two holes are symmetrically processed on the rectangular steel plate at the bottom of the left camera base. Circular through hole.
技术方案中所述的左滤光片座由标准钢板焊接而成,左滤光片座的底面为矩形钢板,底面中部垂直焊接一块矩形钢板,矩形钢板上表面焊接一块侧面为U形且截面为矩形的钢板,钢板两侧各加工一个等深度的长槽,长槽深度与左滤光片的高度相等,长槽的宽度大于左滤光片的厚度1-5mm,在侧面为U形且截面为矩形的钢板一侧对称加工四个螺纹通孔,左滤光片座的底面矩形钢板两侧对称加工两个圆形通孔。The left filter seat described in the technical proposal is welded by standard steel plates, the bottom surface of the left filter seat is a rectangular steel plate, a rectangular steel plate is welded vertically in the middle of the bottom surface, and a U-shaped side and a section of the rectangular steel plate are welded on the upper surface of the rectangular steel plate. Rectangular steel plate, a long groove of equal depth is processed on both sides of the steel plate. The depth of the long groove is equal to the height of the left filter. The width of the long groove is 1-5mm greater than the thickness of the left filter. Four threaded through holes are processed symmetrically on one side of the rectangular steel plate, and two circular through holes are processed symmetrically on both sides of the rectangular steel plate on the bottom surface of the left filter seat.
技术方案中所述的左凸透镜座由钢板焊接而成,左凸透镜座的底面为矩形钢板,底面中部焊接一块侧面为U形且横截面为圆弧形的钢板,钢板上部两侧沿圆弧轴向各加工一个等深度的长槽,长槽深度与左凸透镜的高度相等,长槽的宽度大于左凸透镜的厚度1-5mm,圆弧形钢板上部内侧对称加工四个螺纹通孔,左凸透镜座底面的矩形钢板四角对称加工四个圆形通孔。The left convex lens seat described in the technical proposal is welded by steel plates. The bottom surface of the left convex lens seat is a rectangular steel plate. A steel plate with a U-shaped side and an arc-shaped cross-section is welded in the middle of the bottom surface. The two sides of the upper part of the steel plate are along the arc axis. Process a long groove of equal depth to each side, the depth of the long groove is equal to the height of the left convex lens, the width of the long groove is 1-5mm greater than the thickness of the left convex lens, four threaded through holes are symmetrically processed on the inner side of the upper part of the arc-shaped steel plate, and the left convex lens seat Four circular through holes are processed symmetrically at the four corners of the rectangular steel plate on the bottom surface.
本发明的有益效果是:The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1)本发明采用图像采集系统顶置式设计,可以在营运汽车上方采集图像,由于检测车间上方空间较大,可以实现较远距离的图像采集,使车辆位于图像的中部,避免了图像边缘的畸变,提高了图像的采集精度大提高了汽车整车尺寸检测的准确性。(1) The present invention adopts the top-mounted design of the image acquisition system, which can collect images above the commercial vehicles. Since the space above the inspection workshop is large, it can realize image acquisition at a relatively long distance, so that the vehicle is located in the middle of the image, avoiding image edge distortion Distortion, improve the accuracy of image acquisition and greatly improve the accuracy of vehicle size detection.
(2)本发明设计了两套对称的滤光片、投线仪和摄像机构成的主动投影图像采集系统,实现了双目视觉测量,能够提取车辆三维空间尺度全景信息,提高了测量精度。(2) The present invention designs an active projection image acquisition system composed of two sets of symmetrical optical filters, a line projector and a camera, realizes binocular vision measurement, can extract vehicle three-dimensional spatial scale panoramic information, and improves measurement accuracy.
(3)本发明的主要零件采用标准型钢进行加工,首先,标准型钢产量大,机械加工工序少,生产成本较低;其次,作为测量仪器的重要附件,采用标准型钢具有一定的强度,能够在长期使用中不变形,保证测量的精度,可以满足国家标准对测量精度的要求。(3) main part of the present invention adopts standard section steel to process, at first, standard section steel output is big, and machining process is few, and production cost is lower; Secondly, as the important accessory of measuring instrument, adopt standard section steel to have certain intensity, can be in It will not deform during long-term use, guarantee the accuracy of measurement, and can meet the requirements of national standards for measurement accuracy.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是顶置式营运汽车尺寸双目全景视觉检测系统的后向轴测图;Figure 1 is a rear axonometric view of the binocular panoramic vision detection system of the size of a roof-mounted commercial vehicle;
图2是顶置式营运汽车尺寸双目全景视觉检测系统中除支撑杆1外各零件装配图;Fig. 2 is an assembly diagram of all parts except the support rod 1 in the binocular panoramic vision detection system of the size of the overhead commercial vehicle;
图3是顶置式营运汽车尺寸双目全景视觉检测系统的正向轴测图;Fig. 3 is a forward axonometric view of the binocular panoramic vision detection system of the size of a roof-mounted commercial vehicle;
图4是顶置式营运汽车尺寸双目全景视觉检测系统的支撑杆1的轴测图;Fig. 4 is the axonometric view of the support rod 1 of the binocular panoramic vision inspection system of the size of a roof-mounted commercial vehicle;
图5是顶置式营运汽车尺寸双目全景视觉检测系统中箱体2、右摄像机座3、右摄像机7、左摄像机座13和左摄像机16的装配图;Fig. 5 is the assembly diagram of box body 2, right camera seat 3, right camera 7, left camera seat 13 and left camera 16 in the binocular panoramic vision inspection system of the size of overhead commercial vehicles;
图6是顶置式营运汽车尺寸双目全景视觉检测系统中右滤光片座5和右滤光片10的装配图;Fig. 6 is an assembly diagram of the right filter seat 5 and the right filter 10 in the binocular panoramic vision detection system of the size of a roof-mounted commercial vehicle;
图7是顶置式营运汽车尺寸双目全景视觉检测系统中右滤光片座5和右滤光片10的左视图;Fig. 7 is the left side view of the right filter seat 5 and the right filter 10 in the binocular panoramic vision inspection system of the size of a roof-mounted commercial vehicle;
图8是顶置式营运汽车尺寸双目全景视觉检测系统中投线仪座6的轴测图;Fig. 8 is an axonometric view of the line-throwing instrument seat 6 in the binocular panoramic vision inspection system of the size of a roof-mounted commercial vehicle;
图9是顶置式营运汽车尺寸双目全景视觉检测系统中投线仪座6和投线仪8的装配图;Fig. 9 is an assembly diagram of the line-throwing instrument seat 6 and the line-throwing instrument 8 in the binocular panoramic vision inspection system of the size of a top-mounted commercial vehicle;
图10是顶置式营运汽车尺寸双目全景视觉检测系统中右凸透镜座4和右凸透镜9装配图;Fig. 10 is an assembly diagram of the right convex lens seat 4 and the right convex lens 9 in the binocular panoramic vision inspection system of the size of an overhead commercial vehicle;
图11是顶置式营运汽车尺寸双目全景视觉检测系统中右凸透镜座4轴测图;Figure 11 is a 4-axometric view of the right convex lens seat in the binocular panoramic vision detection system of the size of an overhead commercial vehicle;
图12是顶置式营运汽车尺寸双目全景视觉检测系统中右摄像机座3和右摄像机7的装配图;Fig. 12 is an assembly drawing of the right camera seat 3 and the right camera 7 in the binocular panoramic vision detection system of the size of a roof-mounted commercial vehicle;
图中:1.支撑杆,2.箱体,3.右摄像机座,4.右凸透镜座,5.右滤光片座,6.投线仪座,7.右摄像机,8.投线仪,9.右凸透镜,10.右滤光片,11.左凸透镜座,12.左凸透镜,13.左摄像机座,14.左滤光片座,15.左滤光片,16.左摄像机。In the figure: 1. Support rod, 2. Box body, 3. Right camera seat, 4. Right convex lens seat, 5. Right filter seat, 6. Line casting instrument seat, 7. Right camera, 8. Line projecting instrument , 9. right convex lens, 10. right filter, 11. left convex lens seat, 12. left convex lens, 13. left camera seat, 14. left filter seat, 15. left filter, 16. left camera.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的详细描述:Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be described in further detail:
本发明针对目前无法实现应用双目摄像机实现车辆整车尺寸图像采集进而完成高精度检测营运车辆整车尺寸的现状,提供了一种能够从车顶采集营运车辆两幅不同视角图像,并且采集到的车辆图像位于整幅图像的中间位置,图像畸变较小、测量准确度高、易于安装、通用性强、性能可靠的可满足国家计量、质量监督部门以及生产厂家整车图像采集要求的滤光式车辆整车图像采集系统。The present invention aims at the present situation that it is impossible to use a binocular camera to realize vehicle size image acquisition and then complete high-precision detection of the vehicle size of a commercial vehicle. The vehicle image is located in the middle of the entire image, with less image distortion, high measurement accuracy, easy installation, strong versatility, and reliable performance. It can meet the requirements of national metrology, quality supervision departments and manufacturers' vehicle image acquisition requirements. Vehicle Image Acquisition System.
本发明采用图像采集系统顶置式设计,可以在营运汽车上方采集图像,由于检测车间上方空间较大,可以实现较远距离的图像采集,使车辆位于图像的中部,避免了图像边缘的畸变,提高了图像的采集精度大提高了汽车整车尺寸检测的准确性。本发明设计了两套对称的滤光片、投线仪和摄像机构成的主动投影图像采集系统,实现了双目视觉测量,能够提取车辆三维空间尺度全景信息,提高了测量精度。本发明的主要零件采用标准型钢进行加工,首先,标准型钢产量大,机械加工工序少,生产成本较低;其次,作为测量仪器的重要附件,采用标准型钢具有一定的强度,能够在长期使用中不变形,保证测量的精度,可以满足国家标准对测量精度的要求。The present invention adopts the top-mounted design of the image acquisition system, which can collect images above the commercial vehicles. Due to the large space above the inspection workshop, it can realize image acquisition at a relatively long distance, so that the vehicle is located in the middle of the image, avoiding distortion at the edge of the image, and improving The accuracy of image acquisition is greatly improved, and the accuracy of vehicle size detection is greatly improved. The invention designs an active projection image acquisition system composed of two sets of symmetrical optical filters, a line caster and a camera, realizes binocular vision measurement, can extract vehicle three-dimensional spatial scale panoramic information, and improves measurement accuracy. The main parts of the present invention are processed by standard section steel. Firstly, the output of standard section steel is large, the machining process is less, and the production cost is low; secondly, as an important accessory of the measuring instrument, the standard section steel has certain strength and can No deformation, ensure the accuracy of measurement, and can meet the requirements of national standards for measurement accuracy.
参阅图1至图12,顶置式营运汽车尺寸双目全景视觉检测系统包括有支撑杆1、箱体2、右摄像机座3、右凸透镜座4、右滤光片座5、投线仪座6、右摄像机7、投线仪8、右凸透镜9、右滤光片10、左凸透镜座11、左凸透镜12、左摄像机座13、左滤光片座14、左滤光片15与左摄像机16。Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 12, the binocular panoramic vision inspection system of the size of the roof-mounted commercial vehicle includes a support rod 1, a box body 2, a right camera seat 3, a right convex lens seat 4, a right filter seat 5, and a line projector seat 6 , right camera 7, line projector 8, right convex lens 9, right filter 10, left convex lens seat 11, left convex lens 12, left camera seat 13, left filter seat 14, left filter 15 and left camera 16 .
支撑杆1由两个圆盘和Γ型钢管焊接制成,Γ型钢管的高度不小于3.5m,长度不小于1.8m,支撑杆1用标准钢材制成,一是为了减轻支撑杆1的重量,二是可以减少机械加工量,Γ型钢管两端分别焊接一个圆盘,圆盘中间加工一个大圆形通孔,在大圆形通孔四周对称加工四个小圆形通孔,支撑杆1放置在平整的地面上,地面的四个地脚螺栓穿过支撑杆1底部圆盘的四个小圆形通孔与螺母螺纹固定连接。The support rod 1 is made by welding two discs and Γ-shaped steel pipes. The height of the Γ-shaped steel pipes is not less than 3.5m and the length is not less than 1.8m. The support rod 1 is made of standard steel. One is to reduce the weight of the support rod 1 , the second is to reduce the amount of mechanical processing. A disc is welded at both ends of the Γ-shaped steel pipe, a large circular through hole is processed in the middle of the disc, four small circular through holes are symmetrically processed around the large circular through hole, and the support rod 1 is placed on a flat ground, and the four anchor bolts on the ground pass through four small circular through holes on the bottom disc of the support rod 1 and are fixedly connected with nut threads.
箱体2为五块钢板焊接而成的水平截面为梯形的零件,箱体2的底面加工十四个螺纹通孔,箱体2的后平面加工四个螺纹通孔,箱体2顶面中心加工一个大圆形通孔,箱体2顶面大圆形通孔四周对称加工四个小圆形螺纹孔,螺栓穿过支撑杆1顶部圆盘的四个小圆形通孔和箱体2顶面的四个小圆形螺纹孔与箱体2螺纹固定连接。Box 2 is a part with trapezoidal horizontal section welded by five steel plates. Fourteen threaded through holes are processed on the bottom surface of box body 2. Four threaded through holes are processed on the rear plane of box body 2. The center of the top surface of box body 2 is Process a large circular through hole, four small circular threaded holes are symmetrically processed around the large circular through hole on the top surface of the box body 2, and the bolts pass through the four small circular through holes on the top disc of the support rod 1 and the box body 2 Four small circular threaded holes on the top surface are fixedly connected with the casing 2 by threads.
右摄像机座3是由两块矩形钢板焊接而成的L型零件,右摄像机座3顶部的矩形钢板上加工一个圆形通孔,右摄像机7放置于右摄像机座3顶部的矩形钢板上,螺栓自下而上穿入右摄像机座3顶部的矩形钢板的圆形通孔和右摄像机7下方的螺纹孔与右摄像机7螺纹固定连接,右摄像机座3下部的矩形钢板上对称加工两个圆形通孔,两个螺栓分别穿过右摄像机座3的两个圆形通孔和箱体2后平面的螺纹孔与箱体2螺纹固定连接,右摄像机7的光轴应垂直穿过右滤光片10的中心并与右凸透镜9的光轴重合。The right camera base 3 is an L-shaped part welded by two rectangular steel plates. A circular through hole is processed on the rectangular steel plate at the top of the right camera base 3. The right camera 7 is placed on the rectangular steel plate at the top of the right camera base 3. The bolts The circular through hole of the rectangular steel plate on the top of the right camera seat 3 and the threaded hole below the right camera 7 are fixedly connected with the right camera 7 from bottom to top, and two circular holes are symmetrically processed on the rectangular steel plate at the bottom of the right camera seat 3. Through holes, two bolts pass through the two circular through holes of the right camera base 3 and the threaded holes on the back plane of the box body 2 to be screwed and fixedly connected with the box body 2, and the optical axis of the right camera 7 should pass through the right filter vertically The center of sheet 10 coincides with the optical axis of right convex lens 9.
右滤光片座5由标准钢板焊接而成,右滤光片座5的底面为矩形钢板,底面中部垂直焊接一块矩形钢板,矩形钢板上表面焊接一块侧面为U形且截面为矩形的钢板,钢板两侧各加工一个等深度的长槽,长槽深度与右滤光片10的高度相等,长槽的宽度大于右滤光片10的厚度1-5mm,在侧面为U形且截面为矩形的钢板一侧对称加工四个螺纹通孔,右滤光片10自上而下放入右滤光片座5上部的长槽中,四个螺栓穿入右滤光片座5的侧面为U形且截面为矩形的钢板的四个螺纹通孔与右滤光片座5螺纹连接,四个螺栓的端部顶紧右滤光片10,右滤光片座5的底面矩形钢板两侧对称加工两个圆形通孔,两个螺栓分别穿过右滤光片座5的底面两个圆形通孔和箱体2底面的螺纹通孔与箱体2螺纹固定连接。The right filter seat 5 is welded by a standard steel plate, the bottom surface of the right filter seat 5 is a rectangular steel plate, a rectangular steel plate is welded vertically in the middle of the bottom surface, and a U-shaped steel plate with a rectangular cross-section is welded on the upper surface of the rectangular steel plate. A long groove of equal depth is processed on both sides of the steel plate, the depth of the long groove is equal to the height of the right filter 10, the width of the long groove is greater than the thickness of the right filter 10 by 1-5mm, the side is U-shaped and the cross-section is rectangular Four threaded through holes are processed symmetrically on one side of the steel plate, and the right filter 10 is put into the long groove on the upper part of the right filter holder 5 from top to bottom, and four bolts penetrate into the side of the right filter holder 5 as U The four threaded through-holes of the steel plate shaped and rectangular in cross-section are threadedly connected with the right filter seat 5, and the ends of the four bolts are pressed against the right filter 10, and the bottom surface of the right filter seat 5 is symmetrical on both sides of the rectangular steel plate. Two circular through holes are processed, and two bolts pass through the two circular through holes on the bottom surface of the right filter seat 5 and the threaded through holes on the bottom surface of the box body 2 and are fixedly connected with the box body 2 by threads.
右凸透镜座4由钢板焊接而成,右凸透镜座4的底面为矩形钢板,底面中部焊接一块侧面为U形且横截面为圆弧形的钢板,钢板上部两侧沿圆弧轴向各加工一个等深度的长槽,长槽深度与右凸透镜9的高度相等,长槽的宽度大于右凸透镜9的厚度1-5mm,圆弧形钢板上部内侧对称加工四个螺纹通孔,圆柱形右凸透镜9自上而下放入右凸透镜座4上部的长槽中,四个螺栓穿入圆弧形钢板的四个螺纹通孔与右凸透镜座4螺纹连接,四个螺栓的端部顶紧右凸透镜9,右凸透镜座4底面的矩形钢板四角对称加工四个圆形通孔,四个螺栓分别穿过右凸透镜座4底部四个圆形通孔和箱体2底面的螺纹通孔与箱体2螺纹固定连接。The right convex lens seat 4 is welded by steel plates. The bottom surface of the right convex lens seat 4 is a rectangular steel plate. A steel plate with a U-shaped side and an arc-shaped cross-section is welded in the middle of the bottom surface. The two sides of the upper part of the steel plate are each processed along the arc axis. Long slots of equal depth, the depth of the long slots is equal to the height of the right convex lens 9, the width of the long slots is greater than the thickness of the right convex lens 9 by 1-5mm, four threaded through holes are symmetrically processed on the inner side of the upper part of the arc-shaped steel plate, and the cylindrical right convex lens 9 Put it into the long groove on the top of the right convex lens seat 4 from top to bottom, and four bolts penetrate the four threaded through holes of the arc-shaped steel plate to be threaded with the right convex lens seat 4, and the ends of the four bolts tighten the right convex lens 9 , the four corners of the rectangular steel plate on the bottom surface of the right convex lens seat 4 are symmetrically processed with four circular through holes, and the four bolts respectively pass through the four circular through holes at the bottom of the right convex lens seat 4 and the threaded through holes on the bottom surface of the box body 2 and the threads of the box body 2 Fixed connection.
投线仪座6是由标准钢板加工而成的Ω型零件,投线仪座6中部侧面对称加工两对同轴圆孔,投线仪8放置于投线仪座6顶部的圆孔内部,两个螺栓穿过两对同轴圆孔与另一侧的螺母螺纹固定连接并夹紧投线仪8,投线仪座6底部两侧分别加工一个圆形通孔和一个细长通槽,两个螺栓分别穿过投线仪座6底部的圆形通孔和细长通槽及箱体2底面的螺纹通孔与箱体2螺纹固定连接。The line thrower seat 6 is an Ω-shaped part processed from a standard steel plate. Two pairs of coaxial round holes are symmetrically processed on the side of the middle part of the line thrower seat 6. Two bolts pass through two pairs of coaxial round holes and are threadedly connected with the nuts on the other side to clamp the wire casting device 8. A circular through hole and a slender through slot are respectively processed on both sides of the bottom of the wire feeding device seat 6. Two bolts pass through the circular through hole and the elongated through groove at the bottom of the line throwing instrument seat 6 and the threaded through hole on the bottom surface of the box body 2 and are fixedly connected with the box body 2 by threads.
左摄像机座13是由两块矩形钢板焊接而成的L型零件,左摄像机座13顶部的矩形钢板上加工一个圆形通孔,左摄像机16放置于左摄像机座13顶部的矩形钢板上,螺栓自下而上穿入左摄像机座13顶部的矩形钢板的圆形通孔和左摄像机16下方的螺纹孔与左摄像机16螺纹固定连接,左摄像机座13下部的矩形钢板上对称加工两个圆形通孔,两个螺栓分别穿过左摄像机座13的两个圆形通孔以及箱体2底面的螺纹通孔与箱体2螺纹固定连接,左摄像机座13与右摄像机座3关于箱体2的纵向对称面对称,左摄像机16的光轴应垂直穿过左滤光片15的中心并与左凸透镜12的光轴重合。The left camera seat 13 is an L-shaped part welded by two rectangular steel plates. A circular through hole is processed on the rectangular steel plate at the top of the left camera seat 13. The left camera 16 is placed on the rectangular steel plate at the top of the left camera seat 13. The bolts The circular through hole of the rectangular steel plate on the top of the left camera seat 13 and the threaded hole below the left camera 16 are fixedly connected with the left camera 16 from bottom to top, and two circular holes are symmetrically processed on the rectangular steel plate at the bottom of the left camera seat 13. Through holes, two bolts pass through two circular through holes of the left camera seat 13 and the threaded through holes on the bottom surface of the box body 2 to be threadedly connected with the box body 2, the left camera seat 13 and the right camera seat 3 are connected to the box body 2 The longitudinal symmetry plane of the left camera 16 should vertically pass through the center of the left optical filter 15 and coincide with the optical axis of the left convex lens 12.
左滤光片座14由标准钢板焊接而成,左滤光片座14的底面为矩形钢板,底面中部垂直焊接一块矩形钢板,矩形钢板上表面焊接一块侧面为U形且截面为矩形的钢板,钢板两侧各加工一个等深度的长槽,长槽深度与左滤光片15的高度相等,长槽的宽度大于左滤光片15的厚度1-5mm,在侧面为U形且截面为矩形的钢板一侧对称加工四个螺纹通孔,左滤光片15自上而下放入左滤光片座14上部的长槽中,四个螺栓穿入左滤光片座14的侧面为U形且截面为矩形的钢板的四个螺纹通孔与左滤光片座14螺纹连接,四个螺栓的端部顶紧左滤光片15,左滤光片座14的底面矩形钢板两侧对称加工两个圆形通孔,两个螺栓分别穿过左滤光片座14底面的连个圆形通孔和箱体2底面的螺纹孔与箱体2螺纹固定连接,左滤光片座14与右滤光片座5关于箱体2的纵向对称面对称。The left filter seat 14 is welded by standard steel plates, the bottom surface of the left filter seat 14 is a rectangular steel plate, a rectangular steel plate is welded vertically in the middle of the bottom surface, and a rectangular steel plate with a U-shaped side and a rectangular cross-section is welded on the upper surface of the rectangular steel plate. A long groove of equal depth is processed on both sides of the steel plate, the depth of the long groove is equal to the height of the left filter 15, the width of the long groove is greater than the thickness of the left filter 15 by 1-5mm, and the side is U-shaped and the cross-section is rectangular Four threaded through holes are processed symmetrically on one side of the steel plate, and the left filter 15 is placed in the long groove on the top of the left filter holder 14 from top to bottom, and the four bolts penetrate the side of the left filter holder 14 as U The four threaded through holes of the steel plate shaped and rectangular in section are threadedly connected with the left filter holder 14, and the ends of the four bolts are pressed against the left filter 15, and the bottom surface of the left filter holder 14 is symmetrical on both sides of the rectangular steel plate. Process two circular through holes, and two bolts respectively pass through the two circular through holes on the bottom surface of the left filter holder 14 and the threaded holes on the bottom surface of the box body 2 to be screwed and fixedly connected with the box body 2, and the left filter holder 14 It is symmetrical with the right filter seat 5 about the longitudinal symmetry plane of the box body 2 .
左凸透镜座11由钢板焊接而成,左凸透镜座11的底面为矩形钢板,底面中部焊接一块侧面为U形且横截面为圆弧形的钢板,钢板上部两侧沿圆弧轴向各加工一个等深度的长槽,长槽深度与左凸透镜12的高度相等,长槽的宽度大于左凸透镜12的厚度1-5mm,圆弧形钢板上部内侧对称加工四个螺纹通孔,圆柱形左凸透镜12自上而下放入左凸透镜座11上部的长槽中,四个螺栓穿入圆弧形钢板的四个螺纹通孔与左凸透镜座11螺纹连接,四个螺栓的端部顶紧左凸透镜12,左凸透镜座11底面的矩形钢板四角对称加工四个圆形通孔,四个螺栓分别穿过左凸透镜座11底部四个圆形通孔和箱体2底面的螺纹通孔与箱体2螺纹固定连接,左凸透镜座11与右凸透镜座4关于箱体2纵向对称面对称。The left convex lens seat 11 is welded by steel plates. The bottom surface of the left convex lens seat 11 is a rectangular steel plate. The middle part of the bottom surface is welded with a steel plate with a U-shaped side and an arc-shaped cross-section. The two sides of the upper part of the steel plate are each processed along the arc axis. Long slots of equal depth, the depth of the long slots is equal to the height of the left convex lens 12, the width of the long slots is greater than the thickness of the left convex lens 12 by 1-5mm, four threaded through holes are symmetrically processed on the inner side of the upper part of the arc-shaped steel plate, and the cylindrical left convex lens 12 Put it into the long groove on the top of the left convex lens seat 11 from top to bottom, and four bolts penetrate four threaded through holes of the arc-shaped steel plate to be threadedly connected with the left convex lens seat 11, and the ends of the four bolts tighten the left convex lens 12 , the four corners of the rectangular steel plate on the bottom surface of the left convex lens seat 11 are symmetrically processed with four circular through holes, and the four bolts respectively pass through the four circular through holes at the bottom of the left convex lens seat 11 and the threaded through holes on the bottom surface of the box body 2 and the threads of the box body 2 Fixedly connected, the left convex lens seat 11 and the right convex lens seat 4 are symmetrical about the longitudinal symmetry plane of the box body 2 .
顶置式营运汽车尺寸双目全景视觉检测系统的使用方法:How to use the top-mounted commercial vehicle-sized binocular panoramic vision inspection system:
将支撑杆1放置于水平地面上并通过地脚螺栓固定,待检车辆开入检测区域,开启投线仪8、右摄像机7与左摄像机16,投线仪8将固定波长的光平面自上而下投射到待检车辆的顶面,光平面与待检车辆相交与一条折线,右摄像机7与左摄像机16分别通过右滤光片10、右凸透镜9和左滤光片15、左凸透镜12采集到含有曲折光线的图像,由于滤光片只允许固定波长范围的光线透射,因此右摄像机7与左摄像机16采集到的图像只含有光平面与待检车辆相交的折线,分析折线的弯折规律,可以找到车辆部分在图像中的起点和终点,进而得到车辆的外形尺寸,实现营运汽车轮廓尺寸的测量。Place the support rod 1 on the level ground and fix it with anchor bolts, drive the vehicle to be inspected into the detection area, turn on the line projector 8, the right camera 7 and the left camera 16, and the line projector 8 will take the light plane with a fixed wavelength from above And down projected onto the top surface of the vehicle to be checked, the light plane intersects with the vehicle to be checked and a broken line, the right camera 7 and the left camera 16 pass through the right optical filter 10, the right convex lens 9 and the left optical filter 15, the left convex lens 12 respectively The image containing the curved light is collected, because the filter only allows the light of a fixed wavelength range to transmit, so the images collected by the right camera 7 and the left camera 16 only contain the fold line where the light plane intersects with the vehicle to be inspected, and the bend of the fold line is analyzed According to the law, the starting point and end point of the vehicle part in the image can be found, and then the external dimension of the vehicle can be obtained, so as to realize the measurement of the outline dimension of the commercial vehicle.
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