CN103148443A - Dual-free-curve thick lens for obtaining uniform parallel light beams and array thereof - Google Patents
Dual-free-curve thick lens for obtaining uniform parallel light beams and array thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103148443A CN103148443A CN2013100398584A CN201310039858A CN103148443A CN 103148443 A CN103148443 A CN 103148443A CN 2013100398584 A CN2013100398584 A CN 2013100398584A CN 201310039858 A CN201310039858 A CN 201310039858A CN 103148443 A CN103148443 A CN 103148443A
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Abstract
The invention provides a dual-free-curve thick lens for obtaining uniform parallel light beams and an array thereof, and relates to the technical field of secondary optical components with light sources of a cold cathode fluorescent lamp tube, an LED (light emitting diode) and the like. In the dual-free-curve thick lens and the array thereof, the front surface and the back surface of a lens and the array thereof are free curves, and the specific surface shapes are determined by luminescent characteristics of the light sources and space distribution as well as angle distribution of needed light beam energy according to the principle of flux conservation and the refraction principle. By the adoption of the lens and the array thereof, radiation light rectification of the light sources of the cold cathode fluorescent lamp tube, the LED and the like can be realized, after rectification, distribution of the light beam energy in a space and an angle can be simultaneously and totally controlled, and particularly parallel light beams with uniform energy can be obtained. The lens and the array thereof are applied to fields of special illumination, backlight of liquid and crystal display and the like, a space volume of a light sparing optical system can be further reduced, and illumination effect is greatly improved at the same time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the secondary optics element of the light sources such as cold-cathode fluorescence lamp and LED, more specifically, relate to a kind of in order to obtain two free form surface thick lenses and the array thereof of even collimated light beam, two free-form surface lens and array thereof that it realizes shaping simultaneously for spatial distribution and angle distribution to beam energy.
Background technology
In the fields such as general lighting and public demonstration, conventional light source (as cold-cathode fluorescence lamp etc.) and new type light source (have very widely as LED etc. and use.Along with the variation of application demand and the development of correlation technique, the range of application of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp and LED also no longer only limits to this two fields, but is used as more and more the backlight of liquid crystal display.Especially LED, as light source of new generation, its volume is little, the life-span is long, colour rendering is good, power consumption is little, luminous efficiency is high, large-area flat-plate show and portable demonstration field in shown larger application prospect.
Yet, comprising the various light sources of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp and LED, its radiant light all has certain angle distribution and spatial distribution, and therefore, during all used, corresponding optics light distribution element was essential above-mentioned.Wherein, can obtain lens and the most basic light distribution element of array conduct thereof of Uniform Illumination, be extensively studied and use.But mostly such devices can only obtain Uniform Illumination in remote, large tracts of land, namely the beam divergence angle from this class device outgoing is large, required even electrical distance is long, and the angle distribution of outgoing beam energy can't be controlled, therefore can only obtain Uniform Illumination on the test surface of certain position after lens and array thereof, this illumination is no longer even in other positions.And in liquid crystal display, because liquid crystal panel is not high to the transmitance of wide-angle incident light, wanting to improve capacity usage ratio just needs to control the dispersion angle of backlight; For the miniaturization of display module need be shortened even electrical distance as far as possible; On the impact of illuminating effect, even light effect is kept in order to reduce rigging error in large as far as possible distance.So the deficiency of the lens of development and array thereof has seriously limited its application in LCD backlight shows at present.
In addition, in the special lighting occasion, as sunshine simulation, outdoor high brightness illumination demonstration, certain viewing angles demonstration etc., spatial distribution and the angle distribution of beam energy proposed very harsh requirement simultaneously, these class lens also can't satisfy.
Tracing it to its cause, is because these class lens only have a free form surface, can only be to light the position on test surface (spatial distribution of corresponding energy) and angle (angle distribution of corresponding energy) one of both control, can't take into account simultaneously.For this problem, the present invention proposes thick lens and array thereof that a kind of front and rear surfaces is free form surface.Utilize it to carry out shaping to the radiant light of the light sources such as cold-cathode fluorescence lamp and LED, can not only obtain required energy space on test surface distributes, and can control the angle distribution of beam energy simultaneously fully, all can keep this illuminating effect thereby sizable distance is interior after these lens and array thereof, thereby, can be used on the field such as backlight of special lighting, liquid crystal display.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of in order to obtain two free form surface thick lenses and the array thereof of even collimated light beam, it is a kind of secondary optics element, utilize this secondary optics element to carry out shaping to the radiant light of the light sources such as cold-cathode fluorescence lamp and LED, obtain the light beam that beam direction and Energy distribution meet the demands simultaneously, particularly obtain the uniform collimated light beam of light intensity, with further raising illuminating effect, dwindle the spatial volume of even smooth optical system.
in order to reach above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides a kind of in order to obtain two free form surface thick lenses and the array thereof of even collimated light beam, it is thick lens and array thereof that a front and rear surfaces is free form surface, the front and rear surfaces of the described pair of free form surface thick lens and array thereof produces refraction to light and namely controls direct of travel, its thickness determines the side-play amount that light makes progress in two free form surface thick lenses and array footpath thereof, thereby make the radiant light of light source after this pair free form surface thick lens and array thereof, be shaped as the light beam that energy has requisite space distribution and angle distribution simultaneously.
Wherein, the front and rear surfaces of the described pair of free form surface thick lens and array thereof is all according to Flux conservation law and the law of refraction, by common free form surfaces of determining such as the spatial distribution of energy after the characteristics of luminescence of light source and desired beam shaping and angle distribution.
Wherein, the front surface of the described pair of free form surface thick lens and array thereof is all that plane of refraction or part partly are reflecting surface for plane of refraction.
Wherein, the described pair of free form surface thick lens and array thereof adopt Fresnel lens structure, and namely front and rear surfaces is the free form surface of stepped ramp type.
Wherein, the bore shape of described pair of free form surface thick lens is a kind of in circle, rectangle, polygon and arbitrary curve, the angle of divergence of light beam and required spot size relating to parameters after the distance between angular range, light source and the lens front surface of caliber size and the source light that will collect, lens thickness, shaping.
Wherein, when light source was point source of light as LED, the face type of described pair of free form surface thick lens was Rotational Symmetry; When light source was thread light source as cathode fluorescent tube, the face type of described pair of free form surface thick lens was the translation symmetry.
Wherein, the lighting source of the described pair of free form surface thick lens and array thereof is a kind of in cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, LED light source.
Wherein, the lighting source of the described pair of free form surface thick lens and array thereof has lambert's type or other luminous intensity that can survey arbitrarily distributes.
Wherein, the beam divergence angle after described pair of free form surface thick lens and array shaping thereof is relevant with the physical dimension of light source, minimum is controlled at ± 0.3 ° in.
Wherein, beam energy after described pair of free form surface thick lens and array shaping thereof has desired spatial distribution in test surface, and this is distributed in after lens in the distance of several centimetres and remains unchanged, and namely all has identical Energy distribution on all test surfaces in this scope.
Wherein, through the beam size after described pair of free form surface thick lens and array shaping thereof and after the light spot shape on test surface is by described aperture of lens and described shaping the angle of divergence of light beam jointly determine.
Wherein, the described pair of free form surface thick lens array adopt that rectangular arranged, hexagonal are arranged, a kind of in the combination of triangle arrangement.
Wherein, the material of the described pair of free form surface thick lens and array thereof is selected from: a kind of in crown glass, flint glass, silica glass material; Perhaps be selected from a kind of in methacrylate resin, acrylate, polystyrene resin, polycarbonate resin, methyl methacrylate-styrol copolymer, acrylonitrile-styrol copolymer and PET organic resin material.
According to such scheme, secondary optics element provided by the present invention has shown very outstanding beam shaping ability.Described lens and array thereof can carry out shaping to the radiant light of the light sources such as cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, LED, beam energy after shaping has required spatial distribution and angle distribution simultaneously, just can form required spatial distribution being close to place, lens rear surfaces, namely even electrical distance is greatly shortened; Because the directionality of light beam can fully be controlled simultaneously, thus in the application of lens arra, significantly reduced crosstalking between each lens, thereby can be at the large-area Uniform Illumination of the interior maintenance of very long distance.Especially, utilize this pair free-form surface lens can obtain uniformity and the splendid large area lighting light of directionality, be suitable as very much solar simulator spare.In addition, the method for designing of these lens is simple, need not to find the solution partial differential equation, just can directly obtain the concrete face type of lens by separating binary biquadratic equation group, is fit to very much current processing and manufacturing technology.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic that two free-form surface lens that the present invention proposes are realized beam shaping;
Fig. 2 is spatial distribution and the angle distribution of the light beam energy on test surface after two free-form surface lens shapings;
Fig. 3 is that the two free-form surface lens of rectangle realize that the light path schematic diagram of beam shaping and the energy space on test surface distribute;
Fig. 4 is that two free-form surface lens of proposing of the present invention are to the shaping effect of the radiant light of small-scale light sources;
Fig. 5 is the light path schematic diagram that two free-form surface lens arrays that the present invention proposes are realized beam shaping;
Fig. 6 is spatial distribution and the angle distribution of light beam energy on test surface after the shaping of lens arra described in Fig. 5;
Wherein, mark in figure: 1 is light source, and 2 is two free-form surface lens, and 3 is the energy detection face.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
1 pair of free-form surface lens of embodiment is realized beam shaping
Consult shown in Figure 1ly, it realizes the principle schematic of beam shaping comprising the known light source of a characteristics of luminescence 1, a pair of free-form surface lens 2, and an energy detection face 3 for two free-form surface lens proposed by the invention.The light that sends from light source 1 reflects through front surface 21 and the rear surface 22 of lens 2 successively, finally arrives test surface 3.Wherein free form surface 21 and 22 concrete face type are according to Flux conservation law and the law of refraction, determine by the various parameters of light beam after the characteristics of luminescence of light source 1 and desired shaping etc. are common.
Distance and lens center thickness between light source 1 and lens front surface 21 can be conditioned, and with the face shape parameter of optimization lens and the length of whole optical system, make it to be more suitable for processing, meet simultaneously the requirement of environment for use.
For the lens arrangement in Fig. 1, when light source 1 is that a light-emitting area is that square, the luminous intensity of 1mm * 1mm is when being distributed as the LED of lambert's type, having formed radius on the detection plane 3 at 0.5mm place, distance lens rear surface is the uniform light spots of 8mm, and the one dimension at light spot energy Two dimensional Distribution spatially and the center of mistake distributes respectively as Fig. 2 (a) with (b); On the detection plane of distance lens rear surface 6.5mm, this distributes as Fig. 2 (c) with (d).The one dimension at the Two dimensional Distribution of light spot energy on angle and the center of mistake distributes respectively as Fig. 2 (e) with (f).Can find out that the uniformity (representing with the energy contrast) on the test surface of two positions all is about (I
max-I
min)/(I
max+ I
min)=0.08, the angle of divergence of light beam is ± 3.1 ° after the lens shaping.Exactly because the angle of divergence is so little, thus near the lens rear surface until in the distance of 1 centimetre of lens rear surface, the energy contrast of light beam can remain on below 0.1.
After the bore of lens and shaping, the shape of hot spot is not only limited to circle, can also be rectangle or other shape.
The processing of these lens can be selected mechanical milling, compression moulding etc.
At some occasion (as lens arra), the bore of required lens or hot spot be shaped as rectangle or hexagon.Fig. 3 (a) realizes the light path schematic diagram of beam shaping for two free-form surface lens of rectangular aperture, it is that a light-emitting area is that square, the luminous intensity of 1mm * 1mm is when being distributed as the LED of lambert's type that Fig. 3 (b) has provided light source 1, two-dimensional space near light spot energy on the test surface of lens rear surface distributes, and the energy contrast is about (I
max-I
min)/(I
max+ I
min)=0.05, this uniformity can keep on all test surfaces in nearly 1 cm range in distance lens rear surface.After shaping this moment, the angle of divergence of light beam is 6.0 °.
When the light-emitting area of light source 1 was decreased to 0.2mm * 0.2mm square, the two-dimensional space of being close to light spot energy on the test surface of lens rear surface distributed and the one dimension at the center of mistake distributes respectively as shown in Fig. 4 (a) and Fig. 4 (b), and the energy contrast is about (I
max-I
min)/(I
max+ I
min)=0.04.As shown in Fig. 4 (c) and Fig. 4 (d), the angle of divergence is about 1.35 ° respectively for the two dimension angular distribution of light spot energy and the one dimension distribution at the center of mistake.So the little angle of divergence makes light beam after shaping from the lens rear surface until in the distance of lens rear surfaces number centimetre, the energy contrast all can remain on below 0.15.When the light-emitting area of light source 1 continued to reduce, after shaping, the energy uniformity of light beam can improve again, and the angle of divergence further reduces, and the maintainable distance of energy uniformity further increases.
In the lens of pure refraction structure, the wide-angle incident ray can produce huge loss in the reflection of lens front surface, if adopt the composite structured of plane of refraction and reflecting surface at the front surface of lens, can improve the energy service efficiency.
3 pairs of free-form surface lens arrays of embodiment are realized beam shaping
Usually, in order to obtain larger lighting area or to improve brightness of illumination, dwindle even electrical distance, often need a plurality of lens combinations are arranged in and form together lens arra, the radiant light of array of source with aligned identical mode is carried out shaping.Fig. 5 is the light path schematic diagram that 2 * 2 pairs of free-form surface lens arrays of rectangular arranged are realized beam shaping.This lens arra can be the square of 1mm * 1mm to 2 * 2LED(light-emitting area, luminous intensity is distributed as lambert's type) light that sends of array realizes shaping, the two-dimensional space that Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b) have provided respectively light spot energy on the detection plane of lens arra rear surface 1.5mm distributes and the one dimension at the center of mistake distributes, and its energy contrast is about (I
max-I
min)/(I
max+ I
min)=0.09; The one dimension that Fig. 6 (c) and Fig. 6 (d) are respectively its two dimension angular distribution and the center of mistake distributes, and the angle of divergence is ± 6.4 °.Can control the angle distribution of light beam fully due to two free form surfaces, therefore on all detection plane in from the lens arra rear surface to the scope of distance lens arra rear surface 13mm, energy contrast value is not all higher than 0.15.Particularly point out at this, a plurality of small light spots that are positioned at the rectangular light spot edge in Fig. 6 (a) are produced by crosstalking, and namely the wide-angle radiant light of each LED is collected by the shaping lens corresponding with it, but projection is converged after entering contiguous shaping lens.The crosstalk angle of light of this part generally is about 40 °, is far longer than the angle of divergence of main spot, therefore can disregard in a lot of its impacts of occasion; As needs, this crosstalks and can further reduce even to eliminate by the structure (front surface is concave curved surface or refraction reflection compound curved surface) that applies diaphragm or change lens front surface before lens.
The arrangement mode of lens arra is not only limited to rectangular arranged, can also be that hexagonal is arranged or other permutation and combination methods; Just, the bore of lens and the shape of hot spot also will correspondingly change hexagon or other shapes at this moment.
These embodiment scioptics and array thereof have been realized the shaping to the LED light source radiant light, adopt secondary optics element simple in structure, can obtain energy uniformity and the splendid large area lighting of directionality near place, lens rear surface, and the interior maintenance of distance that this illuminating effect is can be after lens very large especially can obtain the uniform directional light of light intensity.
Below by reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described; but these explanations can not be understood to limit scope of the present invention; protection scope of the present invention is limited by the claims of enclosing, and any change on claim of the present invention basis is all protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. one kind in order to obtain two free form surface thick lenses and the array thereof of even collimated light beam, it is characterized in that, it is thick lens and array thereof that a front and rear surfaces is free form surface, the front and rear surfaces of the described pair of free form surface thick lens and array thereof produces refraction to light and namely controls direct of travel, its thickness determines the side-play amount that light makes progress in two free form surface thick lenses and array footpath thereof, thereby make the radiant light of light source after this pair free form surface thick lens and array thereof, be shaped as the light beam that energy has requisite space distribution and angle distribution simultaneously.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of in order to obtain two free form surface thick lenses and the array thereof of even collimated light beam, it is characterized in that, the front and rear surfaces of the described pair of free form surface thick lens and array thereof is all according to Flux conservation law and the law of refraction, by common free form surfaces of determining such as the spatial distribution of energy after the characteristics of luminescence of light source and desired beam shaping and angle distribution.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of in order to obtain two free form surface thick lenses and the array thereof of even collimated light beam, it is characterized in that, the front surface of the described pair of free form surface thick lens and array thereof is all that plane of refraction or part partly are reflecting surface for plane of refraction.
4. according to claim 1 a kind of in order to obtain two free form surface thick lenses and the array thereof of even collimated light beam, it is characterized in that, the described pair of free form surface thick lens and array thereof adopt Fresnel lens structure, and namely front and rear surfaces is the free form surface of stepped ramp type.
5. according to claim 1 a kind of in order to obtain two free form surface thick lenses and the array thereof of even collimated light beam, it is characterized in that, the bore shape of described pair of free form surface thick lens is a kind of in circle, rectangle, polygon and arbitrary curve, the various relating to parameters of light beam after the angle of divergence of light beam and required shaping after the distance between angular range, light source and the lens front surface of caliber size and the source light that will collect, lens thickness, shaping.
6. according to claim 1 a kind ofly it is characterized in that in order to obtain two free form surface thick lenses and the array thereof of even collimated light beam, when light source was point source of light as LED, the face type of described pair of free form surface thick lens was Rotational Symmetry; When light source was thread light source as cathode fluorescent tube, described pair of free form surface thick lens was the translation symmetry.
7. according to claim 1 a kind ofly it is characterized in that in order to obtain two free form surface thick lenses and the array thereof of even collimated light beam, the lighting source of the described pair of free form surface thick lens and array thereof is a kind of in cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, LED light source.
8. according to claim 1 a kind of in order to obtain two free form surface thick lenses and the array thereof of even collimated light beam, it is characterized in that, the lighting source of the described pair of free form surface thick lens and array thereof has lambert's type or other luminous intensity that can survey arbitrarily distributes.
9. according to claim 1 a kind of in order to obtain two free form surface thick lenses and the array thereof of even collimated light beam, it is characterized in that, beam divergence angle after described pair of free form surface thick lens and array shaping thereof is relevant with the physical dimension of light source, minimum is controlled at ± 0.3 ° in.
10. according to claim 1 a kind of in order to obtain two free form surface thick lenses and the array thereof of even collimated light beam, it is characterized in that, beam energy after described pair of free form surface thick lens and array shaping thereof has desired spatial distribution in test surface, and this is distributed in after lens in the distance of several centimetres and remains unchanged, and namely all has identical Energy distribution on all test surfaces in this scope.
11. according to claim 1 a kind of in order to obtain two free form surface thick lenses and the array thereof of even collimated light beam, it is characterized in that, through the beam size after described pair of free form surface thick lens and array shaping thereof and the light spot shape on test surface by aperture of lens claimed in claim 5 with by shaping claimed in claim 9 after the angle of divergence of light beam jointly determine.
12. according to claim 1 a kind of in order to obtain two free form surface thick lenses and the array thereof of even collimated light beam, it is characterized in that, the described pair of free form surface thick lens array adopts that rectangular arranged, hexagonal are arranged, a kind of in the combination of triangle arrangement.
13. according to claim 1 a kind of in order to obtain two free form surface thick lenses and the array thereof of even collimated light beam, it is characterized in that, the material of the described pair of free form surface thick lens and array thereof is selected from: a kind of in crown glass, flint glass, silica glass material; Perhaps be selected from a kind of in methacrylate resin, acrylate, polystyrene resin, polycarbonate resin, methyl methacrylate-styrol copolymer, acrylonitrile-styrol copolymer and PET organic resin material.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN103592702A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-02-19 | 浙江大学 | Double-free-form-surface lens for laser beam shaping and design method thereof |
| CN103592767A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-02-19 | 浙江大学 | Laser beam shaping device with double-free-form surface lens |
| CN104197850A (en) * | 2014-08-11 | 2014-12-10 | 东莞市乐琪光电科技有限公司 | Component pin detection method and device based on machine vision |
| CN106443869A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-02-22 | 四川云盾光电科技有限公司 | Light equalizing plate based on micro-nano structure |
| WO2017092665A1 (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-06-08 | 深圳市光峰光电技术有限公司 | Lighting device |
| CN108445640A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-08-24 | 北京控制工程研究所 | A kind of coaxial uniform illumination system of relative pose vision measurement sensor |
| CN108917598A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-30 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | A kind of wet equipment and its sensing device |
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| CN103592702A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-02-19 | 浙江大学 | Double-free-form-surface lens for laser beam shaping and design method thereof |
| CN103592767A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-02-19 | 浙江大学 | Laser beam shaping device with double-free-form surface lens |
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| CN104197850A (en) * | 2014-08-11 | 2014-12-10 | 东莞市乐琪光电科技有限公司 | Component pin detection method and device based on machine vision |
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| CN108445640A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-08-24 | 北京控制工程研究所 | A kind of coaxial uniform illumination system of relative pose vision measurement sensor |
| CN108917598A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-30 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | A kind of wet equipment and its sensing device |
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| CN103148443B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
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