CN103138870B - Data transmission method and data transmission device - Google Patents
Data transmission method and data transmission device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103138870B CN103138870B CN201110374060.6A CN201110374060A CN103138870B CN 103138870 B CN103138870 B CN 103138870B CN 201110374060 A CN201110374060 A CN 201110374060A CN 103138870 B CN103138870 B CN 103138870B
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Abstract
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of data transmission method and data transmission device.The method comprises: generate PPDU, PPDU and comprise group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by PPDU adopt empty time fluxion determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, and wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU; PPDU is sent to receiving terminal.Long training domain number included by every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention can change according to the situation of PPDU, thus can reflect channel conditions better, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.
Description
Technical field
The embodiment of the present invention relates to wireless communication field, and more specifically, relates to data transmission method and data transmission device.
Background technology
Basic Service Set (Basic Service Set, BSS) is the element of a WLAN (wireless local area network) (Wireless localarea net, WLAN).Be within a certain particular coverage, and the website (STA, Station) with certain association forms a BSS.The most citation form of association is website mutual direct communication in an ad-hoc network, and this is called as independently Basic Service Set (Independent BSS, IBSS).
More common situation is that the central location being called as access point (Accesspoint, AP) of a STA and full-time administrative BSS is associated.The BSS being based upon AP periphery is called as the BSS of band infrastructure.BSS with infrastructure can be interconnected by distributed system (DistributedSystem, DS) by their AP, forms the BSS (Extend BSS, ESS) of an expansion.
OFDM (Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing) is a kind of by high-speed data-flow, is divided into several low rate data streams, and this several low rate data streams is modulated on several quadrature carrier each other simultaneously and transmits.Because each subcarrier bandwidth is less, closer to coherence bandwidth, therefore can effectively contrary frequency selectivity is weak, therefore now to be used in radio communication in a large number.OFDM belongs to multicarrier (multi-carrier) transmission technology, and so-called Multicarrier Transmission Technology refers to and available spectrum imaging is become multiple subcarrier, and each subcarrier can carry a low rate data streams.
Physical layer frame structure define a Frame function divide and time/frequency take relation.Frame also can be described as PLCP (Physical Layer Convergence Procedure, physical layer convergence process) protocol Data Unit (PPDU, PLCP protocol data unit) or data cell.For a typical WLAN agreement, its physical layer frame structure comprises Short Training territory (STF, short training field), long training domain (LTF, long training field), control signal (SIG, signal) and data.Wherein STF can be synchronizing sequence, and LTF can be pilot tone.
A typical receiving course, first detected by synchronizing sequence and obtain lock in time, then carry out channel estimating by pilot tone and demodulation is carried out to control signal, finally by the message (comprising the modulation coding mode of data acquisition and the length etc. of data) in pilot channel estimation and control signal, data are detected.
Particularly, long training domain is mainly used in channel estimating.Due to the frequency selectivity that time variation and the multipath of wireless channel bring, each resource particle (subcarrier) of ofdm system is made to there is incomplete same fading profiles.In order to make receiving terminal correctly can estimate fading profiles, transmitting terminal can launch this known signal consulted in advance of long training domain, so that receiving terminal estimates channel response.
In 802.11 agreements, each frame only has a long training domain, and this is applicable to the situation of the time length ratio of a frame shorter (maximum several milliseconds), such as indoor this channel time domain change scene comparatively slowly.But up-to-date 802.11ah protocol requirement bandwidth is less, support 1MHz bandwidth for minimum.Now for the packet of formed objects, under identical transmission rate, the transmission time with compared increase by tens times in the past, reach several ms.Meanwhile, 802.11ah agreement needs the application scenarios supporting outdoor low speed movement, and due under this scene, channel time domain change is than faster in the past, and therefore current frame structure well can not follow the tracks of the situation of change of channel.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of data transmission method and data transmission device, can adapt to the scene of data low speed transmissions.
On the one hand, provide a kind of data transmission method, comprising: generate PPDU, PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by PPDU adopt empty time fluxion determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, and wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU; PPDU is sent to receiving terminal.
On the other hand, provide a kind of data transmission method, comprising: receive PPDU, PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by PPDU adopt empty time fluxion determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, and wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU; Group leader's N training domain is utilized to carry out channel estimation process to PPDU.
On the other hand, provide a kind of data transmission device, comprise: generation unit, for generating PPDU, PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by PPDU adopt empty time fluxion determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, and wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU; Transmitting element, for sending the PPDU that generation unit generates to receiving terminal.
On the other hand, provide a kind of data transmission device, comprise: receiving element, for receiving PPDU, PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by PPDU adopt empty time fluxion determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, and wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU; Processing unit, carries out channel estimation process for utilizing group leader's N training domain to the PPDU that receiving element receives.
Long training domain number included by every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention can change according to the situation of PPDU, thus can reflect channel conditions better, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the data transmission method of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the data transmission method of another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B is the schematic diagram of the frame structure of the PPDU of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the frame structure of the PPDU of another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the process of the notice positional information of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the process of the notice positional information of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the process of the notice positional information of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B is the schematic diagram of the frame structure of the PPDU of another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B is the schematic diagram of the frame structure of the PPDU of another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the block diagram of the data transmission device of one embodiment of the invention.
Figure 11 is the block diagram of the data transmission device of another embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the data transmission method of one embodiment of the invention.The method of Fig. 1 can be performed by website or access point.
101, generate PPDU.This PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by PPDU adopt empty time fluxion (Space-time stream) determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, and wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU.
Such as, when PPDU adopts single-stream transmission mode, PPDU can comprise one group of LTF, the LTF variable number that this group LTF comprises.When PPDU adopts multiple stream transmission mode, PPDU can comprise and organizes LTF more, wherein the every LTF variable number that comprises of group LTF.
Alternatively, as an embodiment, in group leader's N training domain, the time-domain position of the first long training domain in PPDU of every group leader's training domain is fixed position.Second long training domain of every group leader's training domain is fixed position or variable position to the time-domain position of the long training domain of M in PPDU.
Fixed position means that the transmitting-receiving two-end of PPDU all can only understand the position of LTF in PPDU according to a kind of mode, and which can be prespecified.
Variable position means that the transmitting-receiving two-end of PPDU may understand the position of LTF in PPDU according to various ways, and which can be consulted to determine by transmitting-receiving two-end.Such as, can by the positional information of the transmitting terminal of PPDU to this variable position of receiving terminal notice instruction of PPDU.Particularly, as a nonrestrictive embodiment, carry the positional information of this variable position of instruction by least one in following: the management frames of the control signal SIG of PPDU, broadcast frame, request response frame, association response frame, new definition.
The form of embodiment of the present invention location information is not restricted.Alternatively, as an embodiment, positional information can represent the time interval of (as the first long training domain and the second long training domain) between adjacent two the long training domains included by first group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain.In addition, also other forms of positional information can be adopted, can be such as the starting point of the second long training domain and PPDU in first group leader's training domain (namely, Short Training territory) between the time interval, or can be the time interval between this second long training domain and other parts (such as, control signal or data division).These modes all fall in the scope of the embodiment of the present invention.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, positional information only comes into force for the receiving terminal without sleep ability.Such as, for the receiving terminal with sleep ability, LTF can adopt the mode of above-mentioned fixed position.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, when N equals 1, PPDU can comprise Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's training domain.The first long training domain in described group leader's training domain between Short Training territory and control signal, in all the other long training domains (the second long training domain is to the long training domain of M) data inserting.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, when N is greater than 1 and PPDU transmits for single user, PPDU comprises Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's N training domain.First long training domain of first group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain between Short Training territory and control signal, in all the other long training domain data insertings.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, N be greater than 1 and PPDU for multi-user transmission time, PPDU comprises Short Training territory, long training domain for demodulation control signal, control signal, multi-user's Short Training territory, data and the group leader's N training domain for multi-user.First long training domain of each the group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain between multi-user's Short Training territory and data, in all the other long training domain data insertings.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, the value of M is determined jointly by the duration of PPDU and the second long training domain of the every group leader's training domain time-domain position to the long training domain of M.
Below also will in conjunction with specific embodiments, the nonrestrictive example of the adoptable frame structure of the embodiment of the present invention and location information notification mode is described in further detail.
102, send above-mentioned PPDU to receiving terminal.
Long training domain number included by every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention can change according to the situation of PPDU, thus can reflect channel conditions better, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the data transmission method of another embodiment of the present invention.The method of Fig. 2 can be performed by website or access point, and corresponding with the method for Fig. 1, therefore will suitably omit the description of repetition.
201, receive PPDU.This PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by PPDU adopt empty time fluxion determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, and wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU.
Alternatively, as an embodiment, in group leader's N training domain, the time-domain position of the first long training domain in PPDU of every group leader's training domain is fixed position, and the second long training domain of every group leader's training domain is fixed position or variable position to the time-domain position of the long training domain of M in PPDU.The mode of fixed position or variable position is described above, repeats no more.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, when the second long training domain to the position of the long training domain of M in PPDU is variable position, can also by least one positional information of carrying in following, determine the management frames of the second long training domain to the control signal of the position of the long training domain of M in PPDU: PPDU, broadcast frame, request response frame, association response frame, new definition.
The form of embodiment of the present invention location information is not restricted.Alternatively, as an embodiment, positional information can represent the time interval between adjacent two the long training domains (as the first long training domain and the second long training domain) included by first group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain.In addition, also other forms of positional information can be adopted, can be such as the starting point of the second long training domain and PPDU in first group leader's training domain (namely, Short Training territory) between the time interval, or can be the time interval between this second long training domain and other parts (such as, control signal or data division).These modes all fall in the scope of the embodiment of the present invention.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, positional information only comes into force for the receiving terminal without sleep ability.Such as, for the receiving terminal with sleep ability, LTF can adopt the mode of above-mentioned fixed position.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, when N equals 1, PPDU can comprise Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's training domain.The first long training domain in described group leader's training domain is between Short Training territory and control signal, and the second long training domain is in the long training domain data inserting of the long training domain of M.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, when N is greater than 1 and PPDU transmits for single user, PPDU comprises Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's N training domain.First long training domain of first group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain between Short Training territory and control signal, in all the other long training domain data insertings.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, N be greater than 1 and PPDU for multi-user transmission time, PPDU comprises Short Training territory, long training domain for demodulation control signal, control signal, multi-user's Short Training territory, data and the group leader's N training domain for multi-user.First long training domain of each the group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain between multi-user's Short Training territory and data, in all the other long training domain data insertings.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, when the frame length of PPDU is greater than threshold value, determine that every group leader's training domain comprises two and above long training domain.Receiving terminal can determine the frame length of PPDU according to any existing mode, the present invention is not restricted this.Such as, receiving terminal can obtain the instruction of frame length from control signal part.Or by energy measuring, receiving terminal judges whether a frame terminates, thus determine frame length.
The embodiment of the present invention does not limit above-mentioned threshold value.Such as, threshold value can be predefined value.Such as, or threshold value can be relevant with the time interval between LTF, and threshold value can equal the length that this time interval adds Short Training territory.
202, utilize group leader's N training domain to carry out channel estimation process to PPDU.
After the time-domain position determining group leader's N training domain, receiving terminal can utilize LTF to carry out channel estimating, thus carries out the process such as demodulation to PPDU.Such as, the effect of first LTF often organized in LTF can be similar with LTF of the prior art, for carrying out demodulation process to SIG and partial data segmentation.Remaining LTF can be used for carrying out demodulation process to the partial data segmentation after it.
Long training domain number included by every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention can change according to the situation of PPDU, thus can reflect channel conditions better, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the nonrestrictive example of the adoptable frame structure of the embodiment of the present invention and location information notification mode is described in further detail.It should be noted that these examples are only used to help those skilled in the art to understand the embodiment of the present invention better, and have to limit the scope of the invention.
Describe the process of a data interaction in example below, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to interaction times.In addition, using the time interval between two long training domains as the indicating mode of the time-domain position of long training domain in example below, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and other modes can be adopted to indicate the time-domain position of long training domain.
Embodiment one
Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B is the schematic diagram of the frame structure of the PPDU of one embodiment of the invention.In the present embodiment, always the time-domain position of the first long training domain is fixing, and in the prior art, under different bandwidth, frame structure may be different, and now the time-domain position of the first long training domain may be different from and different bandwidth.When fixed-bandwidth, the hypothesis that the time-domain position of the first long training domain is always fixed stands good.Whether the time-domain position of the first long training domain is fixing is not emphasis of the present invention, just in order to ensure that logic is clear and coherent, because if the time-domain position of the first long training domain is variable, needs extra signaling to indicate the time-domain position of the first long training domain.
In the embodiment of Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B, PPDU adopts single-stream transmission mode, i.e. N=1, now only comprises 1 group leader's training domain in PPDU, and suppose in this 1 group leader training domain, to comprise M long training domain, the time-domain position from the first long training domain to the long training domain of M among described PPDU is all fixing.It may be noted that, for the agreement of other version of WLAN, as 11n, comprise two kinds of long training domains: the long training domain of data (DLTF, Data-LTF) and the long training domain (ELTF of expansion, Extension-LTF), when single-stream transmission, the long training domain of data only has one group, for data demodulates, and expand long training domain and may have many groups, measure for space channel.If without specified otherwise, long training domain in an embodiment refers to the long training domain for data demodulates.
For convenience of description, assuming that interaction scenarios to be single mutual, namely only comprise the transmitting and receiving of a secondary data.In current mutual, the transmitting terminal of site STA 1 for being PPDU, site STA 2 is the receiving terminal of PPDU.As shown in Figure 3A, for shorter PPDU, be similar to prior art, STA1 transmitting terminal carry out data send time, send according to the order of Short Training territory, long training domain, control signal and data successively.
As shown in Figure 3 B, for longer PPDU, STA1 in the data between increase one or more long training domain, to ensure there is good tracking to the change of the time domain of channel.Depict the example inserting a long training domain in the data in Fig. 3 B, but the present invention is not limited thereto, the number of the long training domain inserted is not restricted.
Particularly, because the time-domain position of the first long training domain is fixed, if suppose first, second ..., be at equal intervals between the long training domain of M, so the second long training domain can be determined by the time interval T of the second long training domain to the first long training domain to the time-domain position of the long training domain of M in described PPDU.Suppose that the time interval of two long training domains is T, the length in Short Training territory is T
sTF.Here time interval T is Fixed Time Interval, namely can be predefined value, consults/notice without the need to transmitting-receiving two-end.First transmitting terminal STA1 estimates frame length according to only having the hypothesis of the first long training domain, is assumed to be T
pPDUif, T
pPDUbe less than or be less than or equal to T+T
sTF, so its frame structure and prior art are consistent, and namely in this 1 group leader training domain, only comprise the first long training domain; And for T
pPDUbe more than or equal to or be greater than T+T
sTFframe, at T+T
sTFmoment inserts the second long training domain, obtains new frame length T '
pPDU; In like manner, for T
pPDUbe more than or equal to or be greater than 2T+T
sTFframe, at 2T+T
sTFmoment inserts the 3rd long training domain, and the rest may be inferred.Simple in order to process, signal structure and the transmitting handling process of described second long training domain, the 3rd long training domain can be identical with the first long training domain.
Illustrate the system of selection of time interval T below.This fixed time interval T can arrange one according to application scenarios and simulation result and preferably be worth, and this value needs to be the integral multiple of OFDM symbol time.If need to support multiple protection interval (GI, Guard interval), so this Fixed Time Interval T needs to meet simultaneously is the integral multiple of OFDM symbol time span under multiple protection interval.Such as; suppose that the OFDM symbol length of long GI is 40 μ s (32 μ s significant character+8 μ s protect interval); the OFDM symbol length of short GI is 36 μ s (32 μ s significant character+4 μ s protect interval); so meet simultaneously for the least common multiple of the two multiple is 360 μ s, namely the time interval of two long training domains must be the integral multiple of 360 μ s.
According to typical application scenarios, the maximum translational speed such as supported, can simple computation Doppler frequency.
Doppler frequency (Hz)=translational speed (m/s) × carrier frequency (Hz)/light velocity (m/s)
Calculate with the carrier frequency of 1GHz, for the translational speed of 3km/h (0.83m/s), its Doppler frequency is: 2.78Hz, and relevant with the method for channel model and channel estimating for the value of the time interval optimum of long training domain, universal experience value is proper between 1/10 to 1/100 of Doppler frequency inverse.Therefore in above-mentioned example, Fixed Time Interval can get (10 ~ 100) * 360 μ s, i.e. 3.6ms to 36ms.
Now, the expense of increase is about: T
lTF/ T, wherein T
lTFfor the length of long training domain, be a variable-length, and relevant with the fluxion sent.Single current is sent, T
lTFbe generally 2 OFDM symbol, multithread is sent, often increase a stream T
lTFan OFDM symbol can be increased, have 5 OFDM symbol for 4 streams one.Therefore for single current, T=3.6ms, the expense of increase is approximately 2 × 40 μ s/3.6ms=2%; For 4 streams, the expense of increase is approximately 5%.If expanded by T, corresponding expense can reduce, but the channel estimating performance obtained promotes and also can reduce, and therefore need the compromise of an expense and performance here, this compromise value can be obtained by emulation.At the receiving terminal STA2 of PPDU, receive operation similar with normal receiving course.
Correspond to example above, if the frame length received is less than or equal to T+T
sTF, then STA2 determine the structure of PPDU and existing structure similar, therefore STA2 can according to existing method carry out separate frame, channel estimating, equilibrium, demodulation, decoding operation.
If the frame length received is greater than T+T
sTF, then STA2 needs to understand frame fragment, such as from T+T according to new frame structure
sTFto T+T
sTF+ T
lTFmoment is the second long training sequence, processes, then upgraded by channel estimation value according to common channel estimation method to this part Received signal strength.In like manner, if frame length is greater than 2T+T
sTF, so from 2T+T
sTFto 2T+T
sTF+ T
lTFmoment is the 3rd long training domain, also processes this part Received signal strength according to common channel estimation method, is then upgraded by channel estimation value, for longer frame can the rest may be inferred.Certainly, can adopt more complicated algorithm, such as by the first long training domain and the second long training domain, even more long training domain is used for carrying out joint channel estimation.
By energy measuring, receiving terminal STA2 by control signal determination frame length, or judges whether a frame terminates, thus determine frame length, and this process belongs to the prior art of WLAN, repeats no more here.
Then, the channel estimation value that STA2 obtains according to described long training domain carries out the receipt of subsequent process such as equilibrium, and this process also belongs to prior art, repeats no more here.
In the embodiment of the present invention, for long-term PPDU, group leader's training domain can comprise two and above long training domain for channel estimating, thus can reflect channel conditions better, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.
Embodiment two
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the frame structure of the PPDU of another embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 4, be with the difference of embodiment one, the time-domain position of the first long training domain is fixing, and the second long training domain is variable to the time-domain position of the long training domain of M in described PPDU.Such as, the first and second long training domains time interval T can often frame be all different, specifically can have several chosen candidate value, such as { T1, T2, T3, T4}.An optimum T value can be determined like this for the translational speed that each frame intended recipient is current.Variable time interval T is more flexible, but also needs to increase extra expense simultaneously.If it is alternative such as to there are four kinds of T values, needs in control signal, increase by 2 bits so accordingly and adopt which time interval to indicate this frame.
Such as, the B0-B1 bit of control signal can be used, indicate variable time interval (i.e. an example of the positional information of long training domain) in the following manner.
B0-B1：
00: two LTF time interval is T1
01: two LTF time interval is T2
10: two LTF time intervals are T3
11: two LTF time intervals are T4
Wherein, according to the recommendation of embodiment one, T1=3.6ms, T2=7.2ms, T3=10.8ms, T4=14.4ms.
Every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention can comprise two and the above long training domain for channel estimating, thus can reflect channel conditions better, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.And, adopt the variable time interval, long training domain setting can be carried out more neatly.
Embodiment three
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the process of the notice positional information of one embodiment of the invention.Notified the positional information (the variable time interval T as in above-described embodiment two) of long training domain to site STA 1 and STA2 by broadcast frame by access point AP in the embodiment of Fig. 5.
Embodiment three is with the difference of embodiment two, and the time interval of two vice-minister's training domains is notified by broadcast frame (as beacon frame, Beacon), until beacon frame arrives next time, is as the criterion with the current up-to-date time interval.
First, AP is arranged the LTF time interval within a beacon frame, and the cell (IE, information element) that specifically increase by is new in existing beacon frame frame is to indicate the LTF time interval.
Such as, LTF interval (LTF interval) cell can be increased newly in existing beacon frame frame, in order to indicate the long training domain time interval adopted within the present beacon frame period.This cell is 1 byte, can represent 256 kinds of different long training domain time intervals.The embodiment of the present invention is not restricted the time-domain position of LTF interval cell in broadcast frame.
Within the present beacon frame period, before arriving to beacon frame next time after present beacon frame end, all frames all adopt the long training domain time interval arranged in LTF interval.AP periodically can send beacon frame, and in upper once beacon frame frame, AP can reset the long training domain time interval.
In Fig. 5, t1 to t2 is a beacon frame cycle, and delta_t is the frame length+signal propagation+processing delay sum of beacon frame.It is the entry-into-force time arranged in the long training domain time interval from t1+delta_t to t2.
In this case, because the long training domain time interval is unified under a BSS, therefore AP needs, according to the current translational speed of STA all under whole BSS, to select the long training domain time interval value that compromise, to guarantee that this value is preferably for most STA.
Then, each STA, after receiving beacon frame, according to the long training domain time interval lastest imformation indicated in beacon frame, if there are data to send or data receiver, carries out transmission and the receiving course of data below according to the up-to-date long training domain time interval.
It may be noted that the STA owing to having has sleep function, therefore may wake up in a beacon frame cycle, thus the long training domain time interval not being updated to last look, sending and receiving end Asymmetry information can occurring like this and cause demodulation mistake together.Such as, AP is after a beacon frame information, carry out sending and receiving according to the long training domain time interval arranged in this beacon frame, but certain STA just wakes up after this beacon frame information, and before upper once beacon frame arrives, carried out transmission and the reception of data, so now this STA's is the long training domain time interval of preserving in the past carry out sending and receiving, and not according to current last look.So, need to add constraint, for this mode arranged by beacon frame, under can only being used for not having the BSS of sleep ability STA.
Certainly, except above-mentioned beacon frame, a kind of new broadcast frame also can be redesigned.This broadcast frame comprises LTF interval cell, is specifically designed to and arranges the time interval of long training domain, and its interaction flow is just the same with employing beacon frame, and just the carrier of LTF interval cell is different.
Every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention comprises two and the above long training domain for channel estimating, thus can reflect channel conditions better, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.And, adopt the variable time interval, long training domain setting can be carried out more neatly.
Embodiment four
Embodiment four is combinations of embodiment three and embodiment one.In embodiment four, add a constraint, that is, for the mode arranged by beacon frame, AP and STA should be clear, only comes into force to the STA without sleep ability; For the STA with sleep ability, adopt the method in embodiment one.
Embodiment five
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the process of the notice positional information of one embodiment of the invention.Notified the positional information (the variable time interval T as in above-described embodiment two) of long training domain to site STA 1 by probing response frame by access point AP in the embodiment of Fig. 6.
Embodiment five is with the difference of embodiment two, and request response when AP is associated by STA, carries out the setting in the long training domain time interval in association process to each STA.
As shown in Figure 6, first, STA1 sends probe requests thereby (Probe request) frame, and AP is by receiving probe request, determine the LTF time interval (concrete grammar is not limit, such as, can adopt the doppler frequency measurement described in embodiment one).
Then, AP arranges the time interval of long training domain in probe response (Probe response) frame.In existing probing response frame, increase a LTF interval cell, the time interval for long training domain is arranged.The embodiment of the present invention is not restricted the time-domain position of LTF interval cell in probing response frame.
Every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention comprises two and the above long training domain for channel estimating, thus can reflect channel conditions better, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.And, adopt the variable time interval, long training domain setting can be carried out more neatly.
Embodiment six
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the process of the notice positional information of one embodiment of the invention.Notified the positional information (the variable time interval T as in above-described embodiment two) of long training domain to site STA 1 by association response frame by access point AP in the embodiment of Fig. 7.
Embodiment six is with the difference of embodiment five, by association response frame, each STA is carried out in association process to the setting in the long training domain time interval.
As shown in Figure 7, first, STA1 sends association request (Association request) frame, and AP, by receiving association request frame, determines the LTF time interval.
Then, AP arranges the time interval of long training domain in associated response (Association response) frame.In existing association response frame, increase a LTF interval cell, the time interval for long training domain is arranged.The embodiment of the present invention is not restricted the time-domain position of LTF interval cell in association response frame.
Every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention comprises two and the above long training domain for channel estimating, thus can reflect channel conditions better, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.And, adopt the variable time interval, long training domain setting can be carried out more neatly.
Certainly, also can increase LTF interval cell in other management frames, the time interval realizing long training domain arranges function.
Embodiment seven
Embodiment seven is with the main distinction of embodiment five, by the management frames that newly defines, each STA is carried out in association process to the setting in the long training domain time interval.
This management frames at least comprises the LTF interval cell arranging the long training domain time interval, and be only that the carrier of information is different with the main distinction of embodiment five, six, transmitting-receiving flow process is identical.
Every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention comprises two and the above long training domain for channel estimating, thus can reflect channel conditions better, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.And, adopt the variable time interval, long training domain setting can be carried out more neatly.
Embodiment eight
Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B is the schematic diagram of the frame structure of the PPDU of another embodiment of the present invention.In the embodiment of Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B, PPDU adopts the multiple stream transmission mode being used for single user.
Embodiment eight is with the main distinction of preceding embodiment, comprises multiple long training domain during multiple stream transmission.Such as, if transmit N number of stream (N be greater than 1 positive integer), then comprise group leader's N training domain.Fig. 8 A be frame length shorter time frame structure, identical with the frame structure of the multiple stream transmission for single user of prior art.Every group leader's training domain comprises a long training domain, be respectively long training domain 1, long training domain 2 ..., long training domain N.Long training domain 1, between Short Training territory and control signal, is mainly used in the demodulation of control signal, and in addition, long training domain 1 arrives N all for the demodulation of subsequent data.
Fig. 8 B be frame length longer time frame structure, increase in every group leader's training domain and be used for the long training domain of data demodulates.Such as, as shown in Figure 8 B, in group leader's N training domain, first group leader's training domain comprises two and above long training domain 1, second group leader's training domain comprises two and above long training domain 2 ..., group leader's N training domain comprises two and above long training domain N.First long training domain 1, between Short Training territory and control signal, is mainly used in the demodulation of control signal and data.In addition, all the other long training domains are used for the demodulation of subsequent data.
Interval now between two long training domains 1 and other two long training domains (such as two long training domains 2) is not etc.When adopting variable time interval, transmitter only needs to notify the interval between two long training domains 1, and concrete Notification Method is identical with preceding embodiment.Receiver finds the position of second long training domain 1 according to this interval, followed by the position can finding second long training domain 2-N.The position of follow-up long training domain can be analogized in this way.
Every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention comprises two and the above long training domain for channel estimating, thus can reflect channel conditions better, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.And, adopt the variable time interval, long training domain setting can be carried out more neatly.
Embodiment nine
Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B is the schematic diagram of the frame structure of the PPDU of another embodiment of the present invention.In the embodiment of Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B, PPDU adopts the multiple stream transmission mode being used for multi-user.
Embodiment nine is with the main distinction of embodiment eight, and N flow transmission may be transferred to different users.Fig. 9 A be frame length shorter time frame structure, identical with the frame structure of the multiple stream transmission for multi-user of prior art.As shown in Figure 9 A, PPDU comprises Short Training territory, long training domain LTF for demodulation control signal, control signal, multi-user's Short Training territory, multi-user data and multiplex head of a household's training domain 1 to N.
For the long training domain LTF of demodulation control signal between Short Training territory and control signal, be mainly used in the demodulation of control signal.Multiplex head of a household's training domain 1 uses the demodulation of multi-user data later to N.
Fig. 9 B be frame length longer time frame structure, increase in every group leader's training domain and be used for the long training domain of multi-user data demodulation.
When adopting variable time interval, transmitter only needs to notify the interval in every group between adjacent two multiplex head of a household's training domains (such as adjacent two multiplex head of a household's training domains 1).Concrete Notification Method is identical with preceding embodiment.Receiver finds the position of multiplex head of a household's training domain 1 according to this interval, followed by the position can finding long training domain 2 to N.
Long training domain number included by every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention can change according to the situation of PPDU, thus can reflect channel conditions better, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.And, adopt the variable time interval, long training domain setting can be carried out more neatly.
Figure 10 is the block diagram of the data transmission device of one embodiment of the invention.The data transmission device 1000 of Figure 10 can be access point or website, comprises generation unit 1010 and transmitting element 1020.
Generation unit 1010 generates PPDU.This PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by PPDU adopt empty time fluxion determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, and wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU.Transmitting element 1020 sends the PPDU of generation unit 1010 generation to receiving terminal.
Long training domain number included by every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention can change according to the situation of PPDU, thus can reflect channel conditions better, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.
Data transmission device 1000 can realize each step of the method for Fig. 1, for avoiding repetition, repeats no more.
Alternatively, as an embodiment, in group leader's N training domain, the time-domain position of the first long training domain in PPDU of every group leader's training domain is fixed position, and the second long training domain of every group leader's training domain is fixed position or variable position to the time-domain position of the long training domain of M in PPDU.The mode of fixed position or variable position is described above, repeats no more.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, when the second long training domain to the time-domain position of the long training domain of M in PPDU is variable position, generation unit 1010 can also carry the positional information of the long training domain of instruction second to the time-domain position of the long training domain of M in PPDU by least one in following: the management frames (such as, above-described embodiment two to nine) of the control signal of PPDU, broadcast frame, request response frame, association response frame, new definition.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, positional information can represent the time interval (such as, above-described embodiment two to nine) between adjacent two the long training domains (as the first long training domain and the second long training domain) included by first group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, positional information only comes into force for the receiving terminal without sleep ability.Such as, for the receiving terminal with sleep ability, LTF can adopt the mode of above-mentioned fixed position.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, when N equals 1, PPDU can comprise Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's training domain.The first long training domain in described group leader's training domain is between Short Training territory and control signal, and the second long training domain is in the long training domain data inserting of the long training domain of M.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, when N is greater than 1 and PPDU transmits for single user, PPDU comprises Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's N training domain.First long training domain of first group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain between Short Training territory and control signal, in all the other long training domain data insertings.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, N be greater than 1 and PPDU for multi-user transmission time, PPDU comprises Short Training territory, long training domain for demodulation control signal, control signal, multi-user's Short Training territory, data and the group leader's N training domain for multi-user.First long training domain of each the group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain between multi-user's Short Training territory and data, in all the other long training domain data insertings.
Figure 11 is the block diagram of the data transmission device of another embodiment of the present invention.The data transmission device 1100 of Figure 11 can be access point or website, comprises receiving element 1110 and processing unit 1120.
Receiving element 1110 receives PPDU.This PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by PPDU adopt empty time fluxion determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, and wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU.Processing unit 1120 utilizes group leader's N training domain to carry out channel estimation process to the PPDU that receiving element 1110 receives.
Long training domain number included by every group leader's training domain of the embodiment of the present invention can change according to the situation of PPDU, thus can reflect channel conditions better, adapts to the scene of data low speed transmissions.
Data transmission device 1100 can realize each step of the method for Fig. 2, for avoiding repetition, repeats no more.
Alternatively, as an embodiment, in group leader's N training domain, the time-domain position of the first long training domain in PPDU of every group leader's training domain is fixed position, and the second long training domain of every group leader's training domain is fixed position or variable position to the time-domain position of the long training domain of M in PPDU.The mode of fixed position or variable position is described above, repeats no more.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, when the second long training domain to the time-domain position of the long training domain of M in PPDU is variable position, processing unit 1120 can also by least one positional information of carrying in following, determines the management frames of the second long training domain to the control signal of the time-domain position of the long training domain of M in PPDU: PPDU, broadcast frame, request response frame, association response frame, new definition.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, positional information can represent the time interval between adjacent two the long training domains (as the first long training domain and the second long training domain) included by first group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, receiving element 1110 when the frame length of PPDU is greater than threshold value, can determine that every group leader's training domain comprises two and above long training domain.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, positional information only comes into force for the device 1100 without sleep ability.Such as, the mode of above-mentioned fixed position can be adopted for the device 1100, LTF with sleep ability.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, when N equals 1, PPDU can comprise Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's training domain.The first long training domain in described group leader's training domain is between Short Training territory and control signal, and the second long training domain is in the long training domain data inserting of the long training domain of M.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, when N is greater than 1 and PPDU transmits for single user, PPDU comprises Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's N training domain.First long training domain of first group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain between Short Training territory and control signal, in all the other long training domain data insertings.
Alternatively, as another embodiment, N be greater than 1 and PPDU for multi-user transmission time, PPDU comprises Short Training territory, long training domain for demodulation control signal, control signal, multi-user's Short Training territory, data and the group leader's N training domain for multi-user.First long training domain of each the group leader's training domain in group leader's N training domain between multi-user's Short Training territory and data, in all the other long training domain data insertings.
Communication system according to the embodiment of the present invention can comprise above-mentioned data communication equipment 1000 or 1100.
Those of ordinary skill in the art can recognize, in conjunction with unit and the algorithm steps of each example of embodiment disclosed herein description, can realize with the combination of electronic hardware or computer software and electronic hardware.These functions perform with hardware or software mode actually, depend on application-specific and the design constraint of technical scheme.Professional and technical personnel can use distinct methods to realize described function to each specifically should being used for, but this realization should not thought and exceeds scope of the present invention.
Those skilled in the art can be well understood to, and for convenience and simplicity of description, the specific works process of the system of foregoing description, device and unit, with reference to the corresponding process in preceding method embodiment, can not repeat them here.
In several embodiments that the application provides, should be understood that disclosed system, apparatus and method can realize by another way.Such as, device embodiment described above is only schematic, such as, the division of described unit, be only a kind of logic function to divide, actual can have other dividing mode when realizing, such as multiple unit or assembly can in conjunction with or another system can be integrated into, or some features can be ignored, or do not perform.Another point, shown or discussed coupling each other or direct-coupling or communication connection can be by some interfaces, and the indirect coupling of device or unit or communication connection can be electrical, machinery or other form.
The described unit illustrated as separating component or can may not be and physically separates, and the parts as unit display can be or may not be physical location, namely can be positioned at a place, or also can be distributed in multiple network element.Some or all of unit wherein can be selected according to the actual needs to realize the object of the present embodiment scheme.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention can be integrated in a processing unit, also can be that the independent physics of unit exists, also can two or more unit in a unit integrated.
If described function using the form of SFU software functional unit realize and as independently production marketing or use time, can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium.Based on such understanding, the part of the part that technical scheme of the present invention contributes to prior art in essence in other words or this technical scheme can embody with the form of software product, this computer software product is stored in a storage medium, comprising some instructions in order to make a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server, or the network equipment etc.) perform all or part of step of method described in each embodiment of the present invention.And aforesaid storage medium comprises: USB flash disk, portable hard drive, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disc or CD etc. various can be program code stored medium.
The above; be only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; change can be expected easily or replace, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should described be as the criterion with the protection range of claim.
Claims (18)
1. for a data transmission method for WLAN (wireless local area network), it is characterized in that, comprising:
Generate physical layer convergence process protocol Data Unit PPDU, described PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by described PPDU adopt empty time fluxion determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU
Wherein, when N equals 1, described PPDU comprises Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's training domain, and the first long training domain in described group leader's training domain is between described Short Training territory and described control signal, and the second long training domain inserts in described data to the long training domain of M; Or,
When N is greater than 1 and described PPDU transmits for single user, described PPDU comprises Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's N training domain, first long training domain of first group leader's training domain in described group leader's N training domain is between described Short Training territory and described control signal, and all the other long training domains insert in described data; Or,
N be greater than 1 and described PPDU for multi-user transmission time, described PPDU comprises Short Training territory, long training domain for demodulation control signal, control signal, multi-user's Short Training territory, data and the group leader's N training domain for multi-user, first long training domain of each the group leader's training domain in described group leader's N training domain is between described multi-user's Short Training territory and described data, and all the other long training domains insert in described data;
Described PPDU is sent to receiving terminal.
2. data transmission method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described group leader's N training domain, the second long training domain of every group leader's training domain is fixed position or variable position to the time-domain position of the long training domain of M in described PPDU.
3. data transmission method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, when the second long training domain to the time-domain position of the long training domain of M in described PPDU of every group leader's training domain is variable position, described method also comprises:
Taken by least one in following
The positional information of the described variable position of band instruction: the control signal of described PPDU, broadcast frame, request response frame, association response frame, the new management frames defined.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described positional information only comes into force for the receiving terminal without sleep ability.
5. the method as described in claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that, described positional information represents the first long training domain included by first group leader's training domain in described group leader's N training domain and the time interval between the second long training domain.
6. data transmission method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the value of M is determined jointly by the duration of described PPDU and the second long training domain of the every group leader's training domain time-domain position to the long training domain of M.
7. a data transmission method, is characterized in that, comprising:
Receive physical layer convergence process protocol Data Unit PPDU, described PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by described PPDU adopt empty time fluxion determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU
Wherein, when N equals 1, described PPDU comprises Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's training domain, and the first long training domain in described group leader's training domain is between described Short Training territory and described control signal, and the second long training domain inserts in described data to the long training domain of M; Or,
When N is greater than 1 and described PPDU transmits for single user, described PPDU comprises Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's N training domain, first long training domain of first group leader's training domain in described group leader's N training domain is between described Short Training territory and described control signal, and all the other long training domains insert in described data; Or,
N be greater than 1 and described PPDU for multi-user transmission time, described PPDU comprises Short Training territory, long training domain for demodulation control signal, control signal, multi-user's Short Training territory, data and the group leader's N training domain for multi-user, first long training domain of each the group leader's training domain in described group leader's N training domain is between described multi-user's Short Training territory and described data, and all the other long training domains insert in described data;
Described group leader's N training domain is utilized to carry out channel estimation process to described PPDU.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, in described group leader's N training domain, the second long training domain of every group leader's training domain is fixed position or variable position to the time-domain position of the long training domain of M in described PPDU.
9. method as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, when the second long training domain to the time-domain position of the long training domain of M in described PPDU of every group leader's training domain is variable position, described method also comprises:
By at least one positional information of carrying in following, determine
Second long training domain of every group leader's training domain is to the time-domain position of the long training domain of M in described PPDU: the control signal of described PPDU, broadcast frame, request response frame, association response frame, the new management frames defined.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, described positional information represents the long training of included by first group leader's training domain first in described group leader's N training domain
The time interval between territory and the second long training domain.
11. 1 kinds of data transmission devices, is characterized in that, comprising:
Generation unit, for generating physical layer convergence process protocol Data Unit PPDU, described PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by described PPDU adopt empty time fluxion determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, and wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU
Wherein, when N equals 1, described PPDU comprises Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's training domain, and the first long training domain in described group leader's training domain is between described Short Training territory and described control signal, and the second long training domain inserts in described data to the long training domain of M; Or,
When N is greater than 1 and described PPDU transmits for single user, described PPDU comprises Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's N training domain, first long training domain of first group leader's training domain in described group leader's N training domain is between described Short Training territory and described control signal, and all the other long training domains insert in described data; Or,
N be greater than 1 and described PPDU for multi-user transmission time, described PPDU comprises Short Training territory, long training domain for demodulation control signal, control signal, multi-user's Short Training territory, data and the group leader's N training domain for multi-user, first long training domain of each the group leader's training domain in described group leader's N training domain is between described multi-user's Short Training territory and described data, and all the other long training domains insert in described data;
Transmitting element, for sending the described PPDU that described generation unit generates to receiving terminal.
12. devices as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, in described group leader's N training domain, the second long training domain of every group leader's training domain is fixed position or variable position to the time-domain position of the long training domain of M in described PPDU.
13. devices as claimed in claim 12, it is characterized in that, when the second long training domain to the time-domain position of the long training domain of M in described PPDU of every group leader's training domain is variable position, described generation unit is also for carrying by least one in following the positional information indicating described variable position: the management frames of the control signal of described PPDU, broadcast frame, request response frame, association response frame, new definition.
14. devices as claimed in claim 13, is characterized in that, described positional information represents the first long training domain included by first group leader's training domain in described group leader's N training domain and the time interval between the second long training domain.
15. 1 kinds of data transmission devices, is characterized in that, comprising:
Receiving element, for receiving physical layer convergence process protocol Data Unit PPDU, described PPDU comprises group leader's N training domain, wherein N be positive integer and by described PPDU adopt empty time fluxion determine, every group leader's training domain comprises M long training domain, and wherein M is positive integer and variable for different PPDU
Wherein, when N equals 1, described PPDU comprises Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's training domain, and the first long training domain in described group leader's training domain is between described Short Training territory and described control signal, and the second long training domain inserts in described data to the long training domain of M; Or,
When N is greater than 1 and described PPDU transmits for single user, described PPDU comprises Short Training territory, control signal, data and group leader's N training domain, first long training domain of first group leader's training domain in described group leader's N training domain is between described Short Training territory and described control signal, and all the other long training domains insert in described data; Or,
N be greater than 1 and described PPDU for multi-user transmission time, described PPDU comprises Short Training territory, long training domain for demodulation control signal, control signal, multi-user's Short Training territory, data and the group leader's N training domain for multi-user, first long training domain of each the group leader's training domain in described group leader's N training domain is between described multi-user's Short Training territory and described data, and all the other long training domains insert in described data;
Processing unit, carries out channel estimation process for utilizing described group leader's N training domain to the PPDU that described receiving element receives.
16. devices as claimed in claim 15, is characterized in that, in described group leader's N training domain, the second long training domain of every group leader's training domain is fixed position or variable position to the position of the long training domain of M in described PPDU.
17. devices as claimed in claim 16, it is characterized in that, when the second long training domain to the time-domain position of the long training domain of M in described PPDU of every group leader's training domain is variable position, described processing unit, also for by least one positional information of carrying in following, determines that the second long training domain of every group leader's training domain is to the time-domain position of the long training domain of M in described PPDU: the management frames of the control signal of described PPDU, broadcast frame, request response frame, association response frame, new definition.
18. devices as claimed in claim 17, is characterized in that, described time-domain position information represents the first long training domain included by first group leader's training domain in described group leader's N training domain and the time interval between the second long training domain.
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