CN103134984B - Design based on AD9864 if digitization system FFT wide-band frequency spectrograph - Google Patents
Design based on AD9864 if digitization system FFT wide-band frequency spectrograph Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of based on AD9864 if digitization system FFT wide-band frequency spectrograph; radio-frequency input signals is first after attenuator and radio-frequency (RF) switch; 4 different passages are divided into process, as f & lt according to user's different measuring set of frequency; Selecting direct AD to sample during 10MHz utilizes FFT to realize frequency measurement, by PC completes subsequent treatment after utilizing single-conversion and AD9864 process when frequency is 10MHz≤f≤4400MHz; Design proposal consider simultaneously user sweep greatly wide high speed measure needs, now obtain the amplitude of input signal without AD9864 process direct detection, thus can complete fast sweep greatly wide spectrum measurement.The present invention adopts single-conversion to substitute three times traditional conversion systems at radio-frequency front-end, make full use of universal PC substitution of resources tradition frequency spectrograph for the requirement of high-performance CPU in intermediate frequency process part, relative to traditional high-performance frequency spectrograph simplicity of design of the present invention, realize difficulty little, low in energy consumption, significantly reduce user and measure cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to single-conversion mode, use FFT mode to realize the method for broader frequency spectrum analyser design based on integrated digital chip.
Background technology
Current frequency sweep spectrum measurement generally all adopts supradyne manner to carry out down coversion to input signal, thus carries out the analyzing and processing of signal in fixing IF-FRE.As shown in Figure 1, due to the existence of image frequency, general use three frequency conversion process to fixing intermediate frequency; This kind of mode for first vibration frequency resolution and frequency spectrum index request higher, and there is multiple local oscillator in systems in which and easily produce intermodulation signal, so the higher and complex structure of its cost.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is based on AD9864 if digitization system, utilize Direct Sampling or frequency tuning mode to realize broader frequency spectrum and measure, thus greatly reduce the design difficulty of broader frequency spectrum analyser and user measures cost.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Based on AD9864 if digitization system FFT wide-band frequency spectrograph, it is characterized in that: include spectrum analyzer hardware system and PC host computer, wherein spectrum analyzer hardware system includes attenuator, radio-frequency (RF) switch one, 10MHz reference frequency, the first local oscillator, the first frequency mixer, wave detector, AD9864 if digitization chip, single-chip microcomputer; The signal input part of radio-frequency input signals access attenuator, radio frequency input large-signal can carry out decay setting, the signal output part of attenuator is connected with radio-frequency (RF) switch one, described 10MHz reference frequency accesses the first local oscillator, and the signal output part of the first local oscillator accesses AD9864 if digitization chip after loop filter; Radiofrequency signal is divided into three passages to process respectively by the incoming frequency difference according to radio-frequency input signals: the frequency signal that the other end of switch one exports is respectively f1, f2, f3, f1 signal access low-pass filter one, filtering is higher than the signal of channel frequence, and the other end of low-pass filter one is connected with the input end of switch four; F2 signal access low-pass filter two, the other end of low-pass filter two and switch three input end be connected; F3 signal accesses the I end of the first frequency mixer, the R of the first frequency mixer holds connecting band bandpass filter, the input end of the other end connecting valve two of bandpass filter, another input end tie geophone of switch two, the other end of wave detector is connected with another input end of switch four, the output terminal access AD9864 if digitization chip of switch two, wherein the signal output part of the first local oscillator is also held with the L of the first frequency mixer and is connected, and is connected with amplifier between the first local oscillator and the first frequency mixer; The output terminal connection mode number converter two of switch four, analog to digital converter two accesses the signal input part of single-chip microcomputer, and the signal input part of single-chip microcomputer also with AD9864 if digitization chip is connected, and communicates to connect between the signal output part of single-chip microcomputer and PC host computer; The first described local oscillator produces the signal of 200MHz to 4400MHz, carries out down coversion, and provide the down coversion local oscillation signal of AD9864 if digitization chip to input signal; The f3 frequency signal of the first described frequency mixer radio frequency input downconverts to 10.7MHz signal, and wave detector exports detection direct current signal after carrying out detection to 10.7MHz intermediate-freuqncy signal; AD9864 if digitization chip carries out the process such as down coversion, digitizing and filtering extraction to f2 and 10.7MHz intermediate-freuqncy signal; Described analog to digital converter two pairs of detection direct current signals and f1 signal gather, and described single-chip microcomputer controls spectrum analyzer hardware system and data AD9864 if digitization chip and analog to digital converter two exported are passed to PC host computer by USB interface and processed and show.
Described based on AD9864 if digitization system FFT wide-band frequency spectrograph, it is characterized in that: described PC host computer provides user to measure display and optimum configurations, and carry out follow-up FFT, windowing process, video filtering and the process such as detection, display after receiving if digitization data by USB interface.
Described based on AD9864 if digitization system FFT wide-band frequency spectrograph, it is characterized in that: described AD9864 if digitization process chip can carry out down coversion to the IF input signals of 10MHz to 300MHz, then carry out AD conversion, after three grades of decimation filters, export if digitization data, intermediate frequency process bandwidth as required can be variable between 270kHz to 6.8kHz.
Described based on AD9864 if digitization system FFT wide-band frequency spectrograph, it is characterized in that: the first described local oscillator is single-chip integration PLL and VCO chip, the built-in broadband frequency synthesizer part removing 1/2/4/8 frequency divider, its reference frequency output is 150MHz to 4400MHz.
Described based on AD9864 if digitization system FFT wide-band frequency spectrograph, it is characterized in that: radio-frequency input signals is first after attenuator and radio-frequency (RF) switch one, be divided into " 1., 2., 3., 4. " 4 different passages to process according to user's different measuring set of frequency, passage " 1. " utilizes FFT to realize frequency measurement for selecting direct AD to sample during incoming frequency f<10MHz; Passage " 2. " completes subsequent treatment by PC host computer after being directly inputted into the process of AD9864 if digitization chip during incoming frequency 10MHz≤f≤200MHz; Passage " 3. " for completing subsequent treatment by PC host computer during frequency 200MHz<f≤4400MHz after single-conversion and the process of AD9864 if digitization chip; Passage " 4. " completes subsequent treatment by PC host computer for during incoming frequency 200MHz<f≤4400MHz after single-conversion and direct detection, and this passage can complete fast sweeps greatly wide spectrum measurement.
Radio-frequency front-end of the present invention has only carried out a down-converted, the present invention realizes that resolution bandwidth is maximum reaches 3MHz, most I reaches 1Hz, the present invention utilizes universal PC processing power, simplify the design of hardware system, the present invention utilizes software mode to eliminate the image frequency of intermediate frequency 10.7MHz, and the present invention utilizes USB interface to realize the power supply of hardware system.
The principle of the invention is: for the actual demand of current different user spectrum measurement, a large amount of users measures the prerequisite not requiring high speed at broader frequency spectrum under, radio-frequency channel part adopts single-conversion mode, and the image frequency of intermediate frequency 10.7MHz eliminated by software when carrying out data processing and synthesis; Intermediate frequency process produces process data based on AD9864 if digitization chip, utilizes universal PC high speed processing ability to realize follow-up FFT, windowing process, video filtering and the process such as detection, display.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention is directed to the actual measurement demand of user, single-conversion is adopted to substitute three times traditional conversion systems at radio-frequency front-end, make full use of universal PC substitution of resources tradition frequency spectrograph for the requirement of high-performance CPU in intermediate frequency process part, relative to traditional high-performance frequency spectrograph simplicity of design of the present invention, realize difficulty little, low in energy consumption, significantly reduce user and measure cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that general superhet frequency spectrograph complete machine realizes theory diagram.
Fig. 2 is based on AD9864 if digitization system FFT wide-band frequency spectrograph schematic diagram.
Embodiment
See Fig. 2, based on AD9864 if digitization system FFT wide-band frequency spectrograph, include spectrum analyzer hardware system 1 and PC host computer 2, wherein spectrum analyzer hardware system 1 includes attenuator 3, radio-frequency (RF) switch 1,10MHz reference frequency 5, first local oscillator 6, first frequency mixer 7, wave detector 8, AD9864 if digitization chip 9, single-chip microcomputer 10; The signal input part of radio-frequency input signals access attenuator 3, radio frequency input large-signal can carry out decay setting, the signal output part of attenuator 3 is connected with radio-frequency (RF) switch 1, the signal output part that described 10MHz reference frequency 5 accesses the first local oscillator 6, first local oscillator 6 accesses AD9864 if digitization chip 9 after loop filter 11; Radiofrequency signal is divided into three passages to process respectively by the incoming frequency difference according to radio-frequency input signals: the frequency signal that the other end of switch 1 exports is respectively f1, f2, f3, f1 signal access low-pass filter 1, filtering is higher than the signal of channel frequence, and the other end of low-pass filter 1 is connected with the input end of switch 4 13; F2 signal access low-pass filter 2 14, the other end of low-pass filter 2 14 and switch 3 15 input end be connected; F3 signal accesses the I end of the first frequency mixer 7, the R of the first frequency mixer 7 holds connecting band bandpass filter 16, the input end of the other end connecting valve 2 17 of bandpass filter 16, another input end tie geophone 8 of switch 2 17, the other end of wave detector 8 is connected with another input end of switch 4 13, the output terminal access AD9864 if digitization chip 9 of switch 2 17, wherein the signal output part of the first local oscillator 6 is also held with the L of the first frequency mixer 7 and is connected, and is connected with amplifier 18 between the first local oscillator 6 and the first frequency mixer 7; The output terminal connection mode number converter 2 19 of switch 4 13, analog to digital converter 2 19 accesses the signal input part of single-chip microcomputer 10, the signal input part of single-chip microcomputer 10 also with AD9864 if digitization chip 9 is connected, and communicates to connect between the signal output part of single-chip microcomputer 10 and PC host computer 2; The first described local oscillator 6 produces the signal of 200MHz to 4400MHz, carries out down coversion to input signal, and provides the down coversion local oscillation signal of AD9864 if digitization chip 9; The f3 frequency signal of the first described frequency mixer 7 radio frequency input downconverts to 10.7MHz signal, exports detection direct current signal after wave detector 8 pairs of 10.7MHz intermediate-freuqncy signals carry out detection; AD9864 if digitization chip 9 pairs of f2 and 10.7MHz intermediate-freuqncy signals carry out the process such as down coversion, digitizing and filtering extraction; Described analog to digital converter 2 19 pairs of detection direct current signals and f1 signal gather, and described single-chip microcomputer 10 pairs of spectrum analyzer hardware systems 2 control and the data that AD9864 if digitization chip 9 and analog to digital converter 2 19 export are passed to PC host computer 2 by USB interface process and show.
PC host computer 2 provides user to measure display and optimum configurations, and carries out follow-up FFT, windowing process, video filtering and the process such as detection, display after receiving if digitization data by USB interface.
AD9864 if digitization process chip 9 can carry out down coversion to the IF input signals of 10MHz to 300MHz, then carry out AD conversion, after three grades of decimation filters, export if digitization data, intermediate frequency process bandwidth as required can be variable between 270kHz to 6.8kHz.
First local oscillator 6 is single-chip integration PLL and VCO chip, and the built-in broadband frequency synthesizer part removing 1/2/4/8 frequency divider, its reference frequency output is 150MHz to 4400MHz.
Radio-frequency input signals is first after attenuator 3 and radio-frequency (RF) switch 1, be divided into " 1., 2., 3., 4. " 4 different passages to process according to user's different measuring set of frequency, passage " 1. " utilizes FFT to realize frequency measurement for selecting direct AD to sample during incoming frequency f<10MHz; Passage " 2. " completes subsequent treatment by PC host computer after being directly inputted into the process of AD9864 if digitization chip during incoming frequency 10MHz≤f≤200MHz; Passage " 3. " for completing subsequent treatment by PC host computer during frequency 200MHz<f≤4400MHz after single-conversion and the process of AD9864 if digitization chip; Passage " 4. " completes subsequent treatment by PC host computer for during incoming frequency 200MHz<f≤4400MHz after single-conversion and direct detection, and this passage can complete fast sweeps greatly wide spectrum measurement.
Radiofrequency signal input is divided into three passages through attenuator 3, radio-frequency (RF) switch 1 successively, radio frequency incoming frequency f1(f<10MHz) through low pass filtered involve switch 4 13 gating directly enter analog to digital converter 2 19 sample, sampled data is transferred to PC host computer 2 by single-chip microcomputer 10 and makes subsequent treatment.
Radio frequency incoming frequency f2(10MHz≤f≤200MHz) to involve after switch 4 13 through low pass filtered and enter AD9864 process, frequency mixer is entered through low noise amplifier in AD9864 inside, CPU arranges the first local oscillator 6 according to tested rf frequency, the fractional frequency signal that first local oscillator 6 exports is as AD9864 inside down coversion local oscillator, and the tuning equation of the first local oscillator is:
LO÷8÷N-f2=700kHz
The setting of local frequency can guarantee that the frequency that AD9864 down coversion exports is 700kHz, and the signal that down coversion exports enters AD and samples after low-pass filter, now AD9864 inside sampling clock be set to 5.6MHz; The sampled data that its AD exports is through the process of three grades of CIC filtering extractions, and extracting multiple is relevant to the process bandwidth that AD9864 outputs signal, process bandwidth range 6.8kHz to 270kHz; Namely rely on AD9864 to carry out IF signal processing, when user's frequency sweeping width arrange be greater than 270kHz time, CPU needs to synthesize the frequency sweeping width of user's needs through repeatedly set of frequency; As user's frequency sweeping width setting≤270kHz, local frequency can be fixed by CPU, and the data that AD9864 intermediate frequency process exports can covering frequence sweep length, and now resolution bandwidth depends on the FFT result of PC.
Radio frequency incoming frequency f3(200MHz<f≤4400MHz) after switch 1, enter the first frequency mixer 7,10.7MHz intermediate-freuqncy signal is produced with the first local oscillator mixing, the intermediate frequency that mixing exports is divided into two-way through switch 2 17 after 10.7MHz bandpass filtering, AD9864 is entered through switch 3 again when user arranges selector channel " 3. " when resolution bandwidth is less than 270kHz, now the down coversion local oscillator of AD9864 is fixed as 10MHz, ensure that the frequency that AD9864 down coversion exports is 700kHz, process is afterwards identical with passage " 2. "; When user arranges selector channel " 4. " when resolution belt is wider than 270kHz, now through switch 4 13 gating, ADC2 sampling is directly entered to intermediate frequency signal demodulator, sampled data is transferred to PC host computer 2 by single-chip microcomputer 10 and makes subsequent treatment, passage " 4. " resolution bandwidth is fixed as 3MHz, and the first local oscillator 6 sweeps wide setting with 3MHz stepping according to user.
Be divided into 4 different passages to process for the frequency of radio-frequency input signals through radio-frequency (RF) switch 1 by above-mentioned concrete enforcement principle, just can hold realizing user rf broadband signal Spectrum Analysis is measured very much.
Claims (5)
1. based on AD9864 if digitization system FFT wide-band frequency spectrograph, it is characterized in that: include spectrum analyzer hardware system and PC host computer, wherein spectrum analyzer hardware system includes attenuator, radio-frequency (RF) switch one, 10MHz reference frequency, the first local oscillator, the first frequency mixer, wave detector, AD9864 if digitization chip, single-chip microcomputer; The signal input part of radio-frequency input signals access attenuator, the signal output part of attenuator is connected with radio-frequency (RF) switch one, described 10MHz reference frequency accesses the first local oscillator, and the signal output part of the first local oscillator accesses AD9864 if digitization chip after loop filter; Radiofrequency signal is divided into three passages to process respectively by the incoming frequency difference according to radio-frequency input signals: the frequency signal that the other end of radio-frequency (RF) switch one exports is respectively f1, f2, f3, f1 frequency signal access low-pass filter one, the other end of low-pass filter one is connected with the input end of switch four; F2 frequency signal access low-pass filter two, the other end of low-pass filter two is connected with the input end of switch three; F3 frequency signal accesses the I end of the first frequency mixer, the R of the first frequency mixer holds connecting band bandpass filter, the input end of the other end connecting valve two of bandpass filter, another input end tie geophone of switch two, the other end of wave detector is connected with another input end of switch four, the output terminal access AD9864 if digitization chip of switch two, wherein the signal output part of the first local oscillator is also held with the L of the first frequency mixer and is connected, and is connected with amplifier between the first local oscillator and the first frequency mixer; The output terminal connection mode number converter two of switch four, analog to digital converter two accesses the signal input part of single-chip microcomputer, and the signal input part of single-chip microcomputer also with AD9864 if digitization chip is connected, and communicates to connect between the signal output part of single-chip microcomputer and PC host computer; The first described local oscillator produces the signal of 200MHz to 4400MHz, carries out down coversion, and provide the down coversion local oscillation signal of AD9864 if digitization chip to input signal; The f3 frequency signal signal of the first described frequency mixer radio frequency input downconverts to 10.7MHz signal, and wave detector exports detection direct current signal after carrying out detection to 10.7MHz intermediate-freuqncy signal; AD9864 if digitization chip carries out down coversion, digitizing and filtering extraction process to f2 frequency signal and 10.7MHz intermediate-freuqncy signal; Described analog to digital converter two pairs of detection direct current signals and f1 frequency signal gather, and described single-chip microcomputer controls spectrum analyzer hardware system and data AD9864 if digitization chip and analog to digital converter two exported are passed to PC host computer by USB interface and processed and show.
2. according to claim 1 based on AD9864 if digitization system FFT wide-band frequency spectrograph, it is characterized in that: described PC host computer provides user to measure display and optimum configurations, and after receiving if digitization data by USB interface, carry out follow-up FFT, windowing process, video filtering and detection, Graphics Processing.
3. according to claim 1 based on AD9864 if digitization system FFT wide-band frequency spectrograph, it is characterized in that: described AD9864 if digitization process chip can carry out down coversion to the IF input signals of 10MHz to 300MHz, then carry out AD conversion, after three grades of decimation filters, export if digitization data, intermediate frequency process bandwidth is variable between 6.8kHz to 270kHz as required.
4. according to claim 1 based on AD9864 if digitization system FFT wide-band frequency spectrograph, it is characterized in that: the first described local oscillator is single-chip integration PLL and VCO chip, the built-in broadband frequency synthesizer part removing 1/2/4/8 frequency divider, its reference frequency output is 150MHz to 4400MHz.
5. according to claim 1 based on AD9864 if digitization system FFT wide-band frequency spectrograph, it is characterized in that: radio-frequency input signals is first after attenuator and radio-frequency (RF) switch one, be divided into 1. according to user's different measuring set of frequency, 2., 3., 4. 4 different passages process, 1. passage utilizes FFT to realize frequency measurement for selecting direct AD to sample during incoming frequency f<10MHz; 2. passage completes subsequent treatment by PC host computer after being directly inputted into the process of AD9864 if digitization chip during incoming frequency 10MHz≤f≤200MHz; Passage " 3. " for completing subsequent treatment by PC host computer during frequency 200MHz<f≤4400MHz after single-conversion and the process of AD9864 if digitization chip; Passage " 4. " completes subsequent treatment by PC host computer for during incoming frequency 200MHz<f≤4400MHz after single-conversion and direct detection, and this passage can complete fast sweeps greatly wide spectrum measurement.
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