CN103128483A - Repair method of fracture shaft - Google Patents
Repair method of fracture shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN103128483A CN103128483A CN2011103862586A CN201110386258A CN103128483A CN 103128483 A CN103128483 A CN 103128483A CN 2011103862586 A CN2011103862586 A CN 2011103862586A CN 201110386258 A CN201110386258 A CN 201110386258A CN 103128483 A CN103128483 A CN 103128483A
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- conical bore
- connecting shaft
- spacer ring
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Abstract
The invention discloses a repair method of a fracture shaft. The method comprises the following steps that a fracture shaft section with an original diameter phi is reserved, firstly a fracture surface of the fracture shaft section is machined smoothly, a conical bore is formed in the fracture surface of the fracture shaft section, then a round corner with a radius of R1 is chamfered in a bore opening of the conical bore, a connecting shaft section with the diameter phi and with a conical head on the front end surface is assembled, a round corner with a radius of R1 is chamfered in the tail portion of the conical head, and a round corner with a radius of R2 is chamfered in the head portion of the conical head; the conical head is freely embedded in the conical bore, an effective distance a between the fracture surface of the fracture shaft section and the front end surface of the connecting shaft section is kept, and a spacing ring with a height of H, the outer circle diameter phi and chamfering on two end surfaces is assembled; the shaft sections are heated to be in an effective temperature, then the spacing ring is sleeved on the tail portion of the conical head which is embedded in the conical bore by small force, free cooling to be in the normal temperature is carried out, and thus the spacing ring can freely rotate; and multiple filling pieces are respectively crammed into two end surfaces of the spacing ring, chamfering parts at two ends of the spacing ring are in sealing weld, and the fracture shaft is repaired to be smooth through normal temperature cooling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mechanical manufacturing method, be specifically related to a kind of restorative procedure of the axle that ruptures.
Background technology
The rotor such as motor or gear, axle sometimes are in operation and can twist off suddenly.In the situation that there is no suitable acknowledgment copy, must in time repair the axle that twists off, equipment is resumed work as early as possible.Should protect rotor, axle without any damage in repair, guarantee again to repair firmness and reliable in quality, be the guilding principle of repair.
At present, a kind of to the repair mode of off-axis is to adopt the direct welding of groove (seeing Fig. 2), be about to the plane of disruption of axle 1 and the plane of disruption of axle 2 and carry out forming groove 3 after suitably processing, then by being welded to connect.This method that is welded to connect is fairly simple, but weld strength is more weak, is applicable to the connection of the axle fracture of less moment of torsion, is unsuitable for the larger occasion of staring torque.
Another kind of mode is the phase shell type method (seeing Fig. 3) that is coupling, being nested of the method is to adopt hot cover process, be about to the outstanding right cylinder 20 of central authorities' processing one of the plane of disruption of axle 2, plane of disruption processing one mating holes of corresponding axle 1 is also determined relative diameter Φ with the tolerance of interference, and carry out hot jacket after heated mandrel 1, then take the first welding to connect.Although this mode increases on bonding strength, but also there is distinct disadvantage, namely there is stressed concentrated circumference in the root at the right cylinder of axle 2 hot jackets, its real stressed diameter is exactly the surplus after axle 2 hot jacket diameters or axle 1 are removed the hot jacket diameter, a comprehensive stressed little end depending on both is the operation force side, see section stress concentration line, very easily become the instantaneous trip mouth under the effect of mechanically activated moment of torsion, therefore can not be guaranteed service life equally.
Above-mentioned dual mode is all being welded as main stressed basis, and all can there be the imperfection of welding point in which kind of welding method no matter, i.e. weld defect mainly contains weld crack, lack of penetration, slag inclusion, pore and weld appearance defective etc.It is long-pending that these defectives will reduce section of weld joint, reduces bearing capacity, produces stress and concentrate, and causes crackle, reduces fatigue strength, causes easily that weldment breaks to cause brittle failure.What wherein harm was maximum is weld crack and pore.Besides also have welding residual stress to exist after welding, just the residual stress of distinct methods varies in size, the part of welding due to the chilling of heat affected area, under the higher condition of carbon content, easily produces quenched martensite simultaneously, easily crack, in addition, if control not in placely in welding process, easily produce pore, slag inclusion, incomplete fusion, the defective such as lack of penetration, so larger its welding stress of solder side (degree of depth) is also larger, the possibility that causes weld crack to produce is larger.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of restorative procedure of the axle that ruptures is provided, it can effectively eliminate the defective of shear stress centrostigma, eliminate and concentrate the force part and eliminate welding stress, make general axial workpiece under stressed cut-out and temporary prerequisite without corresponding spare part, can effectively be repaired and normally use.
A kind of restorative procedure of the axle that ruptures is characterized in that, described restorative procedure comprises the following steps:
Prepare a diameter and be Φ and front end face with cone headed connecting shaft section, at the cone headed afterbody reciprocal radius fillet that is R1, and at the cone headed head reciprocal radius fillet that is R2, described cone headed tapering equates with the tapering of described conical bore, and described cone headed length is less than the degree of depth of described conical bore;
Step 4 is heated to the temperature of 300-400 ℃ with described off-axis section, more described spacer ring is enclosed within the cone headed afterbody of described connecting shaft section, and the nose cone of described connecting shaft section is mounted in the conical bore of described off-axis section,
The tangent circle that makes described cone headed afterbody chamfering circular arc face and described nose cone outer peripheral face is between the tangent circle of the orifice chamfer arc surface of the plane of disruption of described off-axis section and described conical bore and conical bore inner peripheral surface, freely be cooled to immediately normal temperature, make described off-axis section and connecting shaft section in cooling rear self-locking, and the described spacer ring after self-locking can be rotated freely;
Step 5 filling in respectively some patches between an end face of the plane of disruption of described off-axis section and described spacer ring and between the other end at the front end face of described connecting shaft section and described spacer ring, is followed the chamfer site at the described spacer ring of sealing weld two ends, the cooling rear equating of normal temperature.
Spacer ring basic role: the moment of torsion that 1, increases by 2, axle 1 and axle.2, increase the moment of flexure of 2, axle 1 and axle.3, the internal diameter of the spacer ring R1 radian position of 2 two, engagement shaft 1 axle not, the mechanical characteristic of protection radian is namely eliminated and is concentrated the force part.4, after axle 1 axle 2 connected Vehicle Processing, appearance was integrated part, and can not differentiating is connector.
Restorative procedure according to fracture axle of the present invention is characterized in that, described cone headed tail diameter Φ 1=4 Φ/5-5 Φ/6, described cone headed head diameter Φ 2=1 Φ/5-2 Φ/5.
Restorative procedure according to fracture axle of the present invention is characterized in that, in step 1, the rounding radius R 2 of described nose cone head is the 1/2-1/3 of the rounding radius R 1 of described nose cone afterbody.
Restorative procedure according to fracture axle of the present invention is characterized in that, in step 1, the cone headed tapering of the tapering of the conical bore of described off-axis section and described connecting shaft section is 10 °~12 °.
Restorative procedure according to fracture axle of the present invention is characterized in that, when carrying out described step 1, the material phosphorus content of described connecting shaft section is less than the material phosphorus content 0.1~0.2% of described off-axis section.
Restorative procedure according to fracture axle of the present invention is characterized in that, when carrying out described step 3, the depth of chamfering h of described spacer ring both ends of the surface be described spacer ring wall thickness 1/2.
Restorative procedure according to fracture axle of the present invention is characterized in that, when carrying out described step 4, adopts the described off-axis section of bluster heating heating:
When the phosphorus content 0.42~0.55% of off-axis section, the continuous heating time is 4~6 minutes, makes the temperature of described conical bore reach 300 ℃; Or
When the phosphorus content 0.32~0.44% of off-axis section, the continuous heating time is 4~6 minutes, makes the temperature of described conical bore reach 350 ℃; Or
When the phosphorus content 0.22~0.34% of off-axis section, the continuous heating time is 4~6 minutes, makes the temperature of described conical bore reach 400 ℃.
Restorative procedure according to fracture axle of the present invention, it is characterized in that, in step 5, described some pads are to fill between an end face of the plane of disruption of described off-axis section and described spacer ring and between the other end of the front end face of described connecting shaft section and described spacer ring in the mode of decile.
Technical scheme according to the restorative procedure of fracture axle of the present invention, adopt taper and radian connected structure, make two sections axles with the tangent line interlock, assurance maximum weighted cross section, and adopt the material hardness difference of two sections axles to increase the interlock firmness, and reduce the internal stress that interlock produces under the prerequisite of degree of being connected firmly having strengthened, with the performance prosthesis shaft receive the moment of torsion grade most greatly, eliminated the existence that the force part is concentrated in any structural shearing.It can effectively be eliminated, and shear stress is concentrated and the defective of welding stress, makes general axial workpiece under stressed cut-out and temporary prerequisite without corresponding spare part, can effectively be repaired and normally use.
Description of drawings
The profile of Fig. 1 fracture axle repair place during for the restorative procedure of a kind of axle that ruptures of adopting prior art;
The profile of Fig. 2 fracture axle repair place during for the restorative procedure of the another kind fracture axle that adopts prior art;
Fig. 3 is the profile of fracture axle repair place when carrying out step 1 in the restorative procedure of fracture axle of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the profile of fracture axle repair place when carrying out step 2 in the restorative procedure of fracture axle of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the profile of fracture axle repair place when carrying out step 3 in the restorative procedure of fracture axle of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the profile of fracture axle repair place when carrying out step 4 in the restorative procedure of fracture axle of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the profile of fracture axle repair place when carrying out step 5 in the restorative procedure of fracture axle of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the enlarged drawing at the I position of Fig. 7.
The specific embodiment
Also by reference to the accompanying drawings technical scheme of the present invention is described below by specific embodiment:
See also Fig. 3 to Fig. 8, the restorative procedure of a kind of axle that ruptures of the present invention comprises the following steps:
The tapering of nose cone 20 equates with the tapering of conical bore 10, and the tapering of the tapering of the conical bore 10 of off-axis section 1 and the nose cone 20 of connecting shaft section 2 is 10 °~12 °; The length of nose cone 20 is less than the degree of depth of conical bore 10; The material phosphorus content of connecting shaft section 2 is less than the material phosphorus content 0.1~0.2% of off-axis section 1.
The afterbody chamfering circular arc face 22 of nose cone 20 is B with the tangent circle of nose cone 20 outer peripheral faces;
The orifice chamfer arc surface 12 of conical bore 10 is C with the tangent circle of conical bore 10 inner peripheral surfaces;
The afterbody chamfering circular arc face 22 of nose cone 20 is A with the tangent circle of the front end face 21 of connecting shaft section 2.
Step 4, first adopt the bluster heating off-axis section 1 to be heated to the temperature of 300-400 ℃, again spacer ring 3 is enclosed within the afterbody of the nose cone 20 of connecting shaft section 2, and the little power of nose cone 20 of connecting shaft section 2 is mounted in the conical bore 10 of off-axis section 1, the tangent circle B that makes the afterbody chamfering circular arc face 22 of nose cone 20 and nose cone 22 outer peripheral faces is between the tangent circle C of the orifice chamfer arc surface 12 of the plane of disruption 11 of off-axis section 1 and conical bore 10 and conical bore 10 inner peripheral surfaces (that is, its meaning is that the straight line stress surface does not contact tangent circle).
Freely be cooled to immediately normal temperature, make off-axis section 1 and connecting shaft section 2 in cooling rear interlock self-locking, and the spacer ring 3 after the interlock self-locking can be rotated freely; Be the tangent line interlock between the conical bore 10 of the off-axis section 1 after interlock and the nose cone 20 of connecting shaft section 2, do not have the stressed concentrated position of shearing force and torsional forces.And the afterbody chamfering circular arc face 22 of the nose cone 20 of connecting shaft section 2 and the tangent circle B of nose cone 20 outer peripheral faces are positioned at the centre (meaning is the same) of the plane of disruption 11 with orifice chamfer arc surface 12 with the tangent circle C of conical bore 10 inner peripheral surfaces of conical bore 10 of off-axis section 1, play the effect that strengthens shearing force and torsional forces.
The heating parameters of off-axis section 1 is:
When the phosphorus content 0.42%~0.55% of off-axis section 1, the continuous heating time is 4~6 minutes, makes the temperature of conical bore 10 reach 300 ℃;
When the phosphorus content 0.32%~0.44% of off-axis section 1, the continuous heating time is 4~6 minutes, makes the temperature of conical bore 10 reach 350 ℃;
When the phosphorus content 0.22%~0.34% of off-axis section 1, the continuous heating time is 4~6 minutes, makes the temperature of conical bore 10 reach 400 ℃.
Step 5, first fill in respectively some pads in the mode of decile reaching between an end face of the plane of disruption 11 of off-axis section 1 and spacer ring 3 between the other end of the front end face 21 of connecting shaft section 2 and spacer ring 3, the then chamfer site at sealing weld spacer ring 3 two ends, then pass through normal temperature cooling after equating.
Embodiment 1: Φ=150mm, material are the axle shear fracture of No. 30 steel, keep the main section of using as off-axis section 1.first with the plane of disruption 11 metalworking equatings of off-axis section 1 and process conical bore 10, aperture rounding R1=150, secondly preparation is with nose cone 20 and with connecting shaft section 2 and rounding R1=150 and the R2=300 of the diameter of axle, nose cone 20 is identical with the tapering of conical bore 10, tapering is 10 °~12 °, No. 20, connecting shaft section 2 selection or 25 steel, preferred No. 25 steel, the distance that then nose cone 20 normal temperature of the conical bore 10 of off-axis section 1 and connecting shaft section 2 is equipped with mutually definite a is 15mm, reprocessing height h is the i.e. spacer rings 3 of 13~14mm of 9/10ths a, then spacer ring 3 is inserted in the afterbody of the nose cone 20 of connecting shaft section 2, the conical bore 10 of bluster heating off-axis section 1 in 5 minutes to 400 ℃, and take advantage of a situation nose cone 20 is pushed conical bore 10 to root, freely be cooled to room temperature, at last fill in pad to guarantee intermediate space to the quartering in two side clearances of spacer ring 3, the chamfer site of sealing weld spacer ring 3, the cooling rear upper machine maintenance of normal temperature is flat.
Embodiment 2: Φ=100mm, the band gear shaft shear fracture of No. 45 steel of material keeps the gear end off-axis of not dismounting as off-axis section 1.first with the plane of disruption 11 metalworking equatings of off-axis section 1 and process conical bore 10, aperture rounding R1=50, secondly preparation is with connecting shaft section 2 and rounding R1=50 and the R2=100 of nose cone 20 with the diameter of axle, nose cone 20 is identical with the tapering of conical bore 10, tapering is 10 °~12 °, No. 35, connecting shaft section 2 selection or 40 steel, preferred No. 40 steel, the distance that then nose cone 20 normal temperature of the conical bore 10 of off-axis section 1 and connecting shaft section 2 is equipped with mutually definite a is 10mm, working height h is that 9/10ths a are 9mm spacer ring 3, then spacer ring 3 is inserted in the afterbody of the nose cone 20 of connecting shaft section 2, the conical bore 10 of bluster heating off-axis section 1 in 5 minutes to 300 ℃, and take advantage of a situation nose cone 20 is pushed conical bore 10 to root, freely be cooled to room temperature, at last fill in pad to guarantee intermediate space to the quartering in two side clearances of spacer ring 3, the chamfer site of sealing weld spacer ring 3, the cooling rear upper machine maintenance of normal temperature is flat.
Embodiment 3: Φ=50mm, the axle shear fracture of material 35 steel keeps main use side off-axis as off-axis section 1.First with the plane of disruption 11 metalworking equatings of off-axis section 1 and process conical bore 10, aperture rounding R1=25.Secondly preparation is with connecting shaft section 2 and rounding R1=25 and the R2=50 of nose cone 20 with the diameter of axle, and nose cone 20 is identical with the tapering of conical bore 10, and tapering is 10 °~12 °, No. 25, connecting shaft section 2 selection or 30 steel, preferred No. 30 steel.The distance that then nose cone 20 normal temperature of the conical bore 10 of off-axis section 1 and connecting shaft section 2 is equipped with mutually definite a is 10mm, working height h is that 9/10ths a are 4mm spacer ring 3, then spacer ring 3 is inserted in the afterbody of the nose cone 20 of connecting shaft section 2, the conical bore 10 of bluster heating off-axis section 1 in 5 minutes to 350 ℃, and take advantage of a situation nose cone 20 is pushed conical bore 10 to root, freely be cooled to room temperature, at last fill in pad to guarantee intermediate space to the quartering in two side clearances of clamping ring, sealing weld clamping ring chamfer site, the cooling rear upper machine maintenance of normal temperature is flat.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will be appreciated that, above embodiment illustrates the present invention, and be not to be used as limitation of the invention, as long as in connotation scope of the present invention, all will drop in claims scope of the present invention variation, the modification of the above embodiment.
Claims (8)
1. the restorative procedure of the axle that ruptures, is characterized in that, described restorative procedure comprises the following steps:
Step 1, cut-off footpath are the off-axis section of Φ, and the plane of disruption processing of this off-axis section is smooth, and offer a conical bore in the central authorities of the plane of disruption, are the fillet of R1 at the aperture of conical bore reciprocal radius;
Prepare a diameter and be Φ and front end face with cone headed connecting shaft section, at the cone headed afterbody reciprocal radius fillet that is R1, and at the cone headed head reciprocal radius fillet that is R2, described cone headed tapering equates with the tapering of described conical bore, and described cone headed length is less than the degree of depth of described conical bore;
Step 2, the nose cone of described connecting shaft section is mounted in the conical bore of described off-axis section, the cone headed afterbody chamfering circular arc face of described connecting shaft section and the tangent circle of described nose cone outer peripheral face are stretched in the conical bore of described off-axis section, and make between the front end face of the plane of disruption of described off-axis section and described connecting shaft section and keep one apart from a, this a<Φ/10;
Step 3, the preparation spacer ring, the height H<9a/10 of this spacer ring, the outside diameter of this spacer ring equals the diameter of phi of described off-axis section, the interior circular diameter of this spacer ring is greater than the tangent diameter of a circle of described cone headed afterbody chamfering circular arc face and described connecting shaft section front end face, and the equal chamfering of the both ends of the surface of this spacer ring;
Step 4 is heated to the temperature of 300-400 ℃ with described off-axis section, more described spacer ring is enclosed within the cone headed afterbody of described connecting shaft section, and the nose cone of described connecting shaft section is mounted in the conical bore of described off-axis section,
The tangent circle that makes described cone headed afterbody chamfering circular arc face and described nose cone outer peripheral face is between the tangent circle of the orifice chamfer arc surface of the plane of disruption of described off-axis section and described conical bore and conical bore inner peripheral surface, freely be cooled to immediately normal temperature, make described off-axis section and connecting shaft section in cooling rear self-locking, and the described spacer ring after self-locking can be rotated freely;
Step 5 filling in respectively some patches between an end face of the plane of disruption of described off-axis section and described spacer ring and between the other end at the front end face of described connecting shaft section and described spacer ring, is followed the chamfer site at the described spacer ring of sealing weld two ends, the cooling rear equating of normal temperature.
2. the restorative procedure of fracture axle according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cone headed tail diameter Φ 1=4 Φ/5-5 Φ/6, described cone headed head diameter Φ 2=1 Φ/5-2 Φ/5.
3. the restorative procedure of fracture axle according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 1, the rounding radius R 2 of described nose cone head is the 1/2-1/3 of the rounding radius R 1 of described nose cone afterbody.
4. the restorative procedure of fracture axle according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 1, the cone headed tapering of the tapering of the conical bore of described off-axis section and described connecting shaft section is 10 °~12 °;
5. the restorative procedure of fracture axle according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when carrying out described step 1, the material phosphorus content of described connecting shaft section is less than the material phosphorus content 0.1~0.2% of described off-axis section.
6. the restorative procedure of fracture axle according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when carrying out described step 3, the depth of chamfering h of described spacer ring both ends of the surface is the 1/2-1/3 of the wall thickness of described spacer ring.
7. the restorative procedure of fracture axle according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when carrying out described step 4, adopts the described off-axis section of bluster heating heating:
When the phosphorus content 0.42~0.55% of off-axis section, the continuous heating time is 4~6 minutes, makes the temperature of described conical bore reach 300 ℃; Or
When the phosphorus content 0.32~0.44% of off-axis section, the continuous heating time is 4~6 minutes, makes the temperature of described conical bore reach 350 ℃; Or
When the phosphorus content 0.22~0.34% of off-axis section, the continuous heating time is 4~6 minutes, makes the temperature of described conical bore reach 400 ℃.
8. the restorative procedure of fracture axle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 5, described some pads are to fill between an end face of the plane of disruption of described off-axis section and described spacer ring and between the other end of the front end face of described connecting shaft section and described spacer ring in the mode of decile.
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CN201110386258.6A CN103128483B (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2011-11-28 | A kind of restorative procedure of the axle that ruptures |
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CN201110386258.6A CN103128483B (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2011-11-28 | A kind of restorative procedure of the axle that ruptures |
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CN105643185A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-06-08 | 广西恒达电机科技有限公司 | Motor main shaft repairing method |
CN109865981A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2019-06-11 | 上海仪电显示材料有限公司 | The restorative procedure of part of damage |
CN108080879A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-29 | 攀枝花市朵实机械制造有限公司 | Off-axis repairs location structure |
CN111185714A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-05-22 | 新兴河北冶金资源有限公司 | Shaft regeneration process |
CN112077529A (en) * | 2020-08-08 | 2020-12-15 | 广东韶钢工程技术有限公司 | Broken shaft repairing method |
CN112536570A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-03-23 | 乳源东阳光磁性材料有限公司 | Worm repairing method and worm assembly |
CN113579637A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-11-02 | 中钢集团邢台机械轧辊有限公司 | Repairing method for roller flat head fracture |
CN115338595A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-11-15 | 中船澄西船舶修造有限公司 | Repairing process for traveling gear driving shaft for marine crane |
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