CN103127746A - Heavy dirty oil storage tank oil-water separation detection discharging method - Google Patents
Heavy dirty oil storage tank oil-water separation detection discharging method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A heavy dirty oil storage tank oil-water separation detection discharging method is disclosed. Demulsifiers are added into a thermal subsidence tank; dirty oil is mixed with water through stirring or ultrasonic wave; the storage tank is heated and the subsidence takes place for a period of time; then oil-water separation of the heavy dirty oil storage tank is detected, and discharging is performed. 1) Detection of remote control of the oil-water separation is performed; a servo motor is mounted at the upper part of the heavy dirty oil subsidence tank; one end of the servo motor is connected with an electromagnetic sensor and a floater for measuring the liquid level; sampling signals of the electromagnetic sensor and the float are communicated with a microprocessor and a computer control system. 2) The density of oil or emulsion at the height where the floater is located is calculated based on a equilibrium point position and the size of the buoyancy. 3) Data is transmitted to the computer control system; when the density values of the upper, middle, and lower layers of the oil tank approach control indexes, that is, when balance is reached, the lower, middle, and the upper layers are respectively sewage, emulsion, and free oil; and corresponding outlet valves are opened for discharging, respectively. According to the invention, the separation period of heavy dirty oil in the storage tank is shortened; the production efficiency is improved; and the energy consumption is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heavy sump oil storage tank water-oil separating and detect discharge method, relate in particular a kind of heavy dirty oil dehydration unit of oil plant that is applicable to, process at ultrasonic wave, demulsifier is metered into, circulating pump accelerates to mix, after heavy sump oil heats the sedimentation certain hour, edible vegetable oil, emulsion and sewage highly are carried out Measurement accuracy, a kind of technique new method of Long-distance Control automatic-discharging.
Background technology
In heavy sump oil storage tank the oil-water interfaces measuring method have a variety of, as artificial visually examine's method, Mechanical Method, electromagnetic method, ultrasonic wave and kernel method etc.Restricted the application of interface level measurement technology due to factors such as heavily dirty oil storage tank volume are large, viscosity large, the profit density variation is little.Generally adopt at present artificial visually examine's method (namely manually dragging for the sample ocular estimate), the method labour intensity is large, precision is low.Heavy sump oil through ultrasonic wave process, demulsifier is metered into, circulating pump accelerates on mixed base, heavy sump oil heats sedimentation, edible vegetable oil progressively appears in the storage tank middle and upper part, the mixed emulsion layer appears in the middle part, bottom sewage layer height progressively increases.In time judge and stablize separation time and measuring height, carry out automatically controlling that to discharge be a difficult problem in industrial production always.
Because oil and water in storage tank can form the oil-water emulsion of different shape, there is an emulsion band, the width of emulsion band and state are different and change along with advancing the tank feedstock property, also closely related with process conditions and demulsification, emulsion band is random, a complicated intermediate zone, moisture content, viscosity, every batch of mineral matter impurity are all different, theoretically, can obtain an interface of crude oil and water clearly through the sedimentation of certain hour.But in actual applications. field working conditions is more complex.Exist the even more complicated system such as water/oil/water (W/O/W) or oil/water/oil (O/W/O) layering of oil-in-water (W/O), Water-In-Oil (O/W) in this emulsion layer, just because of there being this so complicated emulsion layer, make most interface instruments can't measure when running into this operating mode, or the error of measuring is larger.
The people such as Ren Lei in " research and the application of crude oil storage tank oil-water interfaces measuring method " literary composition, the 29th the 10th phase of volume of " Chinese journal of scientific instrument " October in 2008,2186～2191, introduced a kind of long-range monitoring and metering method.Purpose is accurately to measure crude setting tank oil-water interfaces and emulsion band width and its dynamic change of Real-Time Monitoring, ask when guaranteeing sedimentation, satisfy the technological requirement of normal dehydration, adopted the method for Time Domain Dielectric Spectroscopy technology and layering neural net model establishing, different mode by the identification oil water mixture is measured the variation tendency of oil-water interfaces and the width of emulsion band, carry out the dehydration of crude oil and storage tank fuel gauging, be applicable to field joint stations automation inventory making system.After the corresponding data of this system in obtaining oil storage tank, do not have research for the fuel-displaced control of layering after sedimentation and relate to.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to: detect and the automatic-discharging method in order to solve heavy sump oil storage tank water-oil separating Long-distance Control.Propose a kind of heavy sump oil storage tank water-oil separating and detect discharge method, the method is applicable to the heavy dirty oil dehydration unit of oil plant, process at ultrasonic wave, demulsifier is metered into, circulating pump accelerates to mix, after heavy sump oil heats the sedimentation certain hour, to in storage tank, the edible vegetable oil of multi_layer extraction, emulsion and sewage highly carry out Measurement accuracy, especially a kind of Long-distance Control automatic-discharging and the technique new method of raising the efficiency gradually.
Technical solution of the present invention is: the water-oil separating of heavy sump oil storage tank detects discharge method, on the heavy dirty oil dehydration unit of oil plant, in hot settling tank, after being metered into demulsifier, sump oil and hydromining can increase one or more circulating pumps and strengthen mixed effects with stirring or ultrasonic wave mixes, wait storage tank heat and after sedimentation a period of time, counterweight sump oil storage tank water-oil separating Long-distance Control detects the also method of automatic-discharging, the steps include:
The detection of 1) water-oil separating Long-distance Control, on heavy sump oil settling tank top, a servomotor is installed, and an end of servomotor is connected with electromagnetic sensor and the float of measuring liquid level, and electromagnetic sensor is connected microprocessor and computer control system with the float sampled signal;
Be that finer wire is connected between servomotor and float, during servomotor work, float acts on gravity on finer wire, and to produce moment on the magnet of wheel hub assembly outside be magnetic coupling moment, thereby cause the variation of magnetic flux; The output voltage signal that the magnetic flux change of outer wheel hub assembly causes being contained in the electromagnetic sensor (Hall element) on magnet changes; Its magnitude of voltage is compared with the reference voltage in being stored in microprocessor CPU; When the position balance of float, its difference is certain setting value, and when the measured medium liquid level changes or during variable density, makes float buoyancy change, moment variations causes the output voltage signal of the electromagnetic sensor on internal magnet to change; The microprocessor and the computer control system that are connected with motor obtain real time data;
2) to make electromagnetic sensor be that the output voltage of Hall element changes in the change of magnetic coupling moment, and the difference of the reference voltage in this magnitude of voltage and CPU drives servomotor and rotates, and adjusts float and move up and down and again reach equalization point; Based on crude and water two media density different cause suffered buoyancy differently carries out accurate interface level measurement, calculates the density of float place height oil or emulsion according to equalization point position and buoyancy size;
3) transfer of data is to computer control system, after the density value approach control index of upper, middle and lower layer in oil tank is balance, under, in, the upper strata is respectively sewage, emulsion, edible vegetable oil, the valve of corresponding outlet is opened respectively discharge.
The density of general crude oil is at 0.88g/cm
3～0.92g/cm
3Left and right, the density of water are constants, are 1.0g/cm
3, but even the crude oil of the superiors also can contain a small amount of water in actual applications.Equally, undermost water also can contain a small amount of oil, so the density of upper strata crude oil is greater than actual value, and the density of lower layer of water is at 0.99g/cm
3The left and right.The emulsion density in middle level is between oil, water, at 0.95g/cm
3The left and right.Under desirable operating mode, the interface can be very clear.And under actual conditions, the density between oil and emulsion has the situation that a curve increases progressively, and is like this too between emulsion and sewage.In case the height value of edible vegetable oil and sewage no longer changes, can judge that in storage tank, layering finishes, control system can be according to setting, after waiting for a time period, can send Open valve 6 or 7 or 8, but both or three's valve instruction simultaneously unlatching, effluent sewerage, edible vegetable oil, emulsion respectively.In actual applications, valve may be assembled coating by heavy dirty mud, and 6,7,8 valves can not closely be closed when making system alarm, can promptly adopt 9,10,11 valves manually to close, and like this, when the cleaning fault, does not delay normally carrying out of production.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: in prior art, the people such as Ren Lei are in " research and the application of crude oil storage tank oil-water interfaces measuring method " literary composition, the 29th the 10th phase of volume of " Chinese journal of scientific instrument " October in 2008,2186～2191, after the corresponding data of this system in obtaining oil storage tank, do not have research for the fuel-displaced control of layering after sedimentation and relate to.In the people such as He Fan " Crude Oil Settling Dehydration tank oil-water interfaces automatic monitoring technical and application " literary composition, " Xinjiang petroleum science and technology " the 2nd phase in 2010 (the 20th volume 21～23), do not have research to relate to for the fuel-displaced control of layering after sedimentation yet.The present invention will monitor and emission control reasonably links together, and adopt the mode of Long-distance Control, guaranteeing to have improved efficiency in the abundant situation of sedimentation, reduce labour intensity, and automaticity is high.
Before this device is implemented this system, adopt artificial tank deck to hang sample thief and carry out the moisture data determination of Denging, after rule of thumb waiting for again certain sedimentation separation time, artificial Open valve, discharging progress according to range estimation and smell judgement edible vegetable oil, emulsion and sewage, labour intensity is large, is subjected to artifical influence factor many, and cycle time is long.
Implemented native system, labor strength reduces greatly, and the device staff can carry out Long-distance Control at operation room, to dynamically timely monitor management of storage tank, replaces manually hanging sample with servomotor, and the degree of accuracy of sample improves, and artificial safety has had guarantee; All carried out fast continuously by system from analytical sampling and unlatching discharging, in storage tank, heavy sump oil separation cycle time shorten is obvious.
The test probe that is connected with servomotor can increase and decrease as required, is furnished with simultaneously the sampling jar of low capacity, can carry out the verification comparative analysis of test macro; Edible vegetable oil, emulsion, sewage discharge valve 9,10,11 have been preserved simultaneously, generally, these valves are opening, as when running into automatic Open valve device 6,7,8 trouble hunting, or original Artificial Control operating mode can be recovered when needing manually-operated at once by system.Simple possible is switched in the present invention automatically and manually.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is Monitoring and Controlling schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 be the sample analysis pasta apart from tank at the bottom of high-level schematic.
Fig. 3 is Hall element work schematic diagram.
In Fig. 1,2, the 4 sump oil settling tanks of attaching most importance to, 1 is boiled oil layer in settling tank, and 2 is emulsion layer in settling tank, and 3 is sewage layer in settling tank, the 5 sump oil entrances of attaching most importance to, 6,7,8 is the controllable valve that is connected with computer 14, difference effluent sewerage, edible vegetable oil, emulsion, and 9,10,11 is sewage, edible vegetable oil, emulsion switch, 12 is that monitoring probe, 13 is servomotor, 14 remote computer control systems; Schematic diagram is processed in the attach most importance to monitoring of sump oil of Fig. 1 automatically, and heavy dirty mud is assembled when coating, and 6,7,8 valves occur closely during the shutdown system warning, can promptly adopt 9,10,11 valves manually to close, like this, when the cleaning fault, do not delay normally carrying out of production.
In Fig. 3,21 is float, and 22 is electromagnetic inductor, and 23 is servomotor, and 24 is gear, and 25 is Hall element, and 26 is outer wheel hub, and 27 is interior wheel hub, and 28 is CPU, and 29 is steel wire, and 30 is the float position data wire, 31 weight data lines, and 32 is drive signal line.
The specific embodiment
The detection of 1) water-oil separating Long-distance Control, on heavy sump oil settling tank top, a servomotor is installed, and an end of servomotor is connected with electromagnetic sensor and the float of measuring liquid level, and electromagnetic sensor is connected microprocessor and computer control system with the float sampled signal;
Be that finer wire is connected between servomotor and float, during servomotor work, the gravity that float acts on finer wire produces moment on the magnet of wheel hub outside---magnetic coupling moment, thus cause the variation of magnetic flux; The output voltage signal that the magnetic flux change of outer wheel hub inter-module causes being contained in the electromagnetic sensor (Hall element) on internal magnet changes; Its magnitude of voltage is compared with the reference voltage in being stored in microprocessor CPU; When the position balance of float (moving from the top down as float), its difference is certain setting value, also can be zero, when the variation of measured medium liquid level or variable density, make float buoyancy change, moment variations causes the output voltage signal of the electromagnetic sensor (Hall element) on internal magnet to change; The microprocessor and the computer control system that are connected with motor obtain real time data.Servomotor provides the signal that float position is liquid level.
2) to make the electromagnetic sensor with temperature-compensating be that the output voltage of Hall element changes in the change of magnetic coupling moment, and the difference of the reference voltage in this magnitude of voltage and CPU drives servomotor and rotates, and adjusts float and move up and down and again reach equalization point.This motor is a closed feedback loop, and what namely based on crude and water two media density different caused suffered buoyancy differently carries out accurate interface level measurement, can calculate according to equalization point buoyancy size the density of float place height oil or emulsion.
We need the setting sensor working range, in tank body, are height least significant end at the bottom of tank, and tank deck is the height most significant end, and altitude range is at 0～9 meter; Density range, tank deck are density least significant end, and tank deck is low is the density most significant end, needs to measure 0.88g/cm
3～1.00g/cm
3
As required, can carry probe, temperature measuring probe of moisture determination etc. at the float end, also can load onto small-sized sampler, the information data that obtains can in time be delivered to the remote computer control system.
3) transfer of data is to computer control system, after the density value approach control index of upper, middle and lower layer in oil tank is balance, under, in, the upper strata is respectively sewage, emulsion, edible vegetable oil, the valve of corresponding outlet is opened respectively discharge.
After system of the present invention installs, carry out the drafting of oil tank standard correction coefficient curve, then, system is measured automatically, and calls oil tank standard correction coefficient curve, carries out automatic analysis.Its measurement result compares with the data of on-the-spot manual sampling actual measurement, checking oil tank standard correction coefficient curve.Below one group of contrast test:
The technical indicator of heavy oil in an embodiment: carbon residue 5.6%; The TGA800 degree is residual 3.7%, and after oxidation, ash content 0.94%.Heavy sump oil contains the 33wt% moisture of having an appointment; Density: 0.95kg/L.Mechanical admixture: 0.03wt%.
Simulation distil: 60% 122 ℃ of toluene solvants, 65%-160 ℃, 70%-251 ℃, 75%-327 ℃, 803%-98 ℃, 85%-454 ℃, 90%-528 ℃, 95%-608 ℃, 99.5%-694 ℃.
Normalization result: 12.5%-160 ℃, 25%-251 ℃, 37.5%-327 ℃, 50%-398 ℃, 62.5%-454 ℃, 75%-528 ℃, 87.5%-608 ℃, 99%-694 ℃.
On commercial plant, have in the situation of ultrasonic wave and stirring, add demulsifier, in order to strengthen mixed effect, increased the pump circulation.Highly carry out sample analysis water content in tank by schematic diagram 2.Adopt to get 5, sump oil sample at the different liquid levels of the hot settling tanks of 9 meters high, adopt KF method microcoulomb analyzer to measure water content.The results are shown in Table 1.
Concrete process of the test: on May 7th, 2011, beginning was squeezed into heavy oil to the heavy sump oil storage tank of oil plant from No. 5 entrances successively.Hot settling tank temperature is arranged on 65 ℃, and is actual in 65～70 ℃ of scopes, presses 100ml/m
3Be metered into demulsifier after, the sump oil tank body is opened ultrasonic wave and is mixed system, open simultaneously and be positioned at 6,7, the 8 valves threeway circulating pump that is connected and strengthen mixed effect, this mechanical cycles is mixed and the input of sump oil begins simultaneously, after waiting for storage tank heat, sedimentation after canful, the pump circulation that also can increase by 3～4 hours mixes, and namely begins to carry out counterweight sump oil storage tank water-oil separating Long-distance Control and detects, the online situation of in time understanding water-oil separating in tank.
May 9 was the heat sink first day that falls, the water-oil separating Long-distance Control detects the initial stage, unlatching settling tank top servomotor, be connected 3 meters high positions of storage tank that the float of measuring liquid level sinks to our pre-estimation with motor, the situation of change of fixed point observation density, operating personnel observe the situation of change of density in the computer control system that connects therewith.
After the sedimentation of a day, the adjustment float moves up and down and again reaches equalization point.Being based on crude differently carries out accurate interface level measurement from water two media density different cause suffered buoyancy, can calculate according to equalization point buoyancy size the density of float place height oil or emulsion.
Our the density value curve of predetermined point tends towards stability, and we begin to start the density measurement of whole tank body differing heights.
Density measure 0.95～0.99g/cm at 3～5 meters height
3Scope.Moisture is from being tending towards boundary obviously, heat sink fall 38 hours after, 7～9 meters density are at 0.88g/cm
3～0.92g/cm
3The left and right, the emulsion oil density of intermediate altitude is at 0.95g/cm
3The left and right.Can think that the interior layering of tank finishes.
For contrast test, we have carried out artificial cage sampling and have analyzed contrast test, the results are shown in Table 3.
Control system can be sent Open valve 6 or 7 or 8 according to setting, but both or three's valve instruction simultaneously unlatching, effluent sewerage, edible vegetable oil, emulsion respectively.
Sample time: 2011.5.10
Minute: 2011.5.10
Liquid level: 9m
The total addition of demulsifier: 100ml/m
3
Hot settling temperature: 65 ℃
Different fuel head water contents in table 3 storage tank
This organizes data declaration, and the water content data that manual sampling test and system's automatic sampling test obtain are coincide.Error is in normal permissible value scope.
When guaranteeing the sedimentation time, in storage tank, the heavy sump oil separation cycle time by original 48 hours, foreshortens to 38 hours, and successful has improved production efficiency greatly, has reduced energy consumption.
Claims (4)
1. the water-oil separating of heavy sump oil storage tank detects discharge method, on the heavy dirty oil dehydration unit of oil plant, in hot settling tank, after being metered into demulsifier, sump oil mixes with stirring or ultrasonic wave with hydromining, wait for storage tank heat and after sedimentation a period of time, counterweight sump oil storage tank water-oil separating Long-distance Control detects and automatic-discharging, it is characterized by step as follows:
The detection of 1) water-oil separating Long-distance Control, on heavy sump oil settling tank top, a servomotor is installed, and an end of servomotor is connected with electromagnetic sensor and the float of measuring liquid level, and electromagnetic sensor is connected microprocessor and computer control system with the float sampled signal;
Be that finer wire is connected between servomotor and float, during servomotor work, float acts on gravity on finer wire, and to produce moment on the magnet of wheel hub assembly outside be magnetic coupling moment, thereby cause the variation of magnetic flux; The output voltage signal that the magnetic flux change of outer wheel hub assembly causes being contained in the electromagnetic sensor (Hall element) on magnet changes; Its magnitude of voltage is compared with the reference voltage in being stored in microprocessor CPU; When the position balance of float, its difference is certain setting value, and when the measured medium liquid level changes or during variable density, makes float buoyancy change, moment variations causes the output voltage signal of the electromagnetic sensor on internal magnet to change; The microprocessor and the computer control system that are connected with motor obtain real time data;
2) to make electromagnetic sensor be that the output voltage of Hall element changes in the change of magnetic coupling moment, and the difference of the reference voltage in this magnitude of voltage and CPU drives servomotor and rotates, and adjusts float and move up and down and again reach equalization point; Based on crude and water two media density different cause suffered buoyancy differently carries out accurate interface level measurement, calculates the density of float place height oil or emulsion according to equalization point position and buoyancy size;
3) transfer of data is to computer control system, after the density value approach control index of upper, middle and lower layer in oil tank is balance, under, in, the upper strata is respectively sewage, emulsion, edible vegetable oil, the valve of corresponding outlet is opened respectively discharge.
2. heavy sump oil storage tank water-oil separating according to claim 1 detects discharge method, it is characterized in that carrying at the float end probe or/and the temperature measuring probe of moisture determination, and the information data of acquisition in time is delivered to computer control system.
3. heavy sump oil storage tank water-oil separating according to claim 1 and 2 detects discharge method, it is characterized in that Hall element adopts the electromagnetic sensor with temperature-compensating.
4. heavy sump oil storage tank water-oil separating according to claim 1 and 2 detects discharge method, it is characterized in that the electromagnetic sensor working range, in tank body, is height least significant end at the bottom of tank, and tank deck is the height most significant end, and altitude range is at 0～9 meter; Density range, tank deck are density least significant end, and tank deck is low is the density most significant end, needs to measure 0.88g/cm
3～1.00g/cm
3
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