CN103125280B - Safety monitoring alarm method of cadmium (Cd) in rice - Google Patents
Safety monitoring alarm method of cadmium (Cd) in rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN103125280B CN103125280B CN201210518709.1A CN201210518709A CN103125280B CN 103125280 B CN103125280 B CN 103125280B CN 201210518709 A CN201210518709 A CN 201210518709A CN 103125280 B CN103125280 B CN 103125280B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a safety monitoring alarm method of cadmium (Cd) in rice. The following mathematical prediction model is built: the relation between mature-period rice Cd content Y and Cd accumulation X in tillering-stage rice plant stems satisfies the equation that Y=0.588*X*1.158; and rice plant samples are collection in tillering stages of rice, the Cd accumulation X in the tillering-stage rice plant stems is detected, the mature-period rice Cd content Y is forecasted according to the mathematical prediction model, and safety of mature-period rice Cd content Y is judged and alarm is conducted. When the safety monitoring alarm method is used for safety monitoring of farmland rice production, safety of Cd in the rice can be early warmed in growing earlier stages of the rice (the tillering stages, about 60 days far from the mature harvest of the rice), problems are found in advance, time is obtained for the government and relative departments making measurements to conduct intervene, damage of Cd toxic rice is reduced, health hazard to people from the Cd population is reduced, and food safety and body health are guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of safety monitoring method for early warning for heavy metal in rice, specifically refer to a kind of safety monitoring method for early warning for Cd in the rice of farmland planting paddy rice.
Background technology
In recent years, such as the cadmium content excessive problem of the heavy metal in China's related food occurs again and again, and the health of the heavy metal in food to human body has a serious impact.Moreover, always after having serious poisoning, just find there is no early warning, cause government Intervention Strategy not in time, not in place, remove malicious source difficulty, seriously have influence on the healthy and social of people and stablize.
Above-mentioned discussion content object be to reader introduce may to below by the various aspects of technology relevant for the various aspects of the present invention be described and/or advocate, believe that this discussion content contributes to for reader with background's information, to be conducive to understanding various aspects of the present invention better, therefore, should be appreciated that it is discuss to read these with this angle, instead of admit prior art.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to avoid deficiency of the prior art and the safety monitoring method for early warning that Cd in a kind of rice is provided, it is for the feature of Rice Production, in the early stage (tillering stage) of Rice Production, the content status of Cd in state amount or rice organ stem is deposited according to the content of Cd in agricultural land soil at that time, 4 kinds of taxes of Cd, input the corresponding computing formula of this model, predict its in the future Cd content in rice, and with national food sanitary standard, (GB2715-2005, Cd content is <0.2mgkg
-1) calculate early warning value (rice early warning value J=Cd concentration of brown rice predicted value Y/ grain sanitary control standard), J < 0.7 is devoid of risk, 0.7≤J < 1.0 is warning, 1.0≤J < 2.0 is low-risk, 2≤J < 3.0 is risk, 3.0≤J is excessive risk, gets final product the safety of Cd content in early warning rice.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The safety monitoring method for early warning of Cd in a kind of rice is provided, first sets up following mathematical forecasting model: the relation of Cd accumulation amount X in cadmium content Y and tillering stage rice plant stem in maturing stage rice:
y=0.588X 1.158 ; Then gather rice plant sample in the tillering stage of paddy rice, detect rice plant Cd accumulation amount X, according to above-mentioned mathematical forecasting model, cadmium content Y in prediction maturing stage rice, judges its safety and carries out early warning.
Wherein, in described rice plant sample, Cd accumulation amount X adopts HNO
3-HClO
4wet digestion method measures.
Object of the present invention is also achieved through the following technical solutions:
The safety monitoring method for early warning of Cd in a kind of rice is provided, first sets up following mathematical forecasting model: the relation of total cadmium amount X in cadmium content Y and tillering stage soil in maturing stage rice:
y=0.207X 0.946 ; Then gather soil in the tillering stage of paddy rice, detect total cadmium amount X in soil in tillering stage, according to above-mentioned mathematical forecasting model, cadmium content Y in prediction maturing stage rice, judges its safety and carries out early warning.
Wherein, in described soil, total cadmium amount X adopts HF-HCLO
4-HNO
3method measures.
Object of the present invention is also achieved through the following technical solutions:
The safety monitoring method for early warning of Cd in a kind of rice is provided, first sets up following mathematical forecasting model: in maturing stage rice cadmium content Y and tillering stage Cadmium in Soil 4 kinds of taxes deposit wherein three kinds of state amount (X of state
1weak acid extractable, X
2iron and manganese oxides is in conjunction with state, X
3organic matter complex state, X
4residual form) significance close be:
y=0.0256+0.0837X 4 + 0.3077X 2 2 -3.008X 3 2 -0.4063X 2 x 4 + 2.8571X 3 x 4 ; Then gather soil in the tillering stage of paddy rice, detect 3 kinds of state amounts of Cadmium in Soil in tillering stage, according to above-mentioned mathematical forecasting model, cadmium content Y in prediction maturing stage rice, judges its safety and carries out early warning.
Wherein, 4 kinds of taxes of described Cadmium in Soil are deposited state amount and are adopted the BCR continuous extraction revised, cadmium content atomic absorption spectroscopy determination in liquid to be measured.
The present invention has found out the content of Cd in the accumulation of Cd in rice and its soil, the correlation of accumulation of the cauline leaf of paddy growth early stage (tillering stage) and mechanism thereof substantially, on this basis respectively with the tax of Cd in the content of Cd in soil, soil deposit state amount, tillering stage rice plant cauline leaf Cd for variable, in maturing stage rice, Cd content is dependent variable, the correlation function forecast model system set up, after the content of Cd in prediction rice, namely with national food sanitary standard, (GB2715-2005, Cd content is <0.2mgkg
-1) calculate early warning value (rice early warning value J=Cd concentration of brown rice predicted value Y/ grain sanitary control standard), J < 0.7 is devoid of risk, 0.7≤J < 1.0 is warning, 1.0≤J < 2.0 is low-risk, 2≤J < 3.0 is risk, 3.0≤J is excessive risk, accordingly, its safety is judged.When the present invention carries out safety monitoring to farmland eating rice production, can before planting or paddy growth early stage (tillering stage, about 60 days are still had apart from paddy rice maturation results) just can the safety of Cd in its rice of early warning, pinpoint the problems ahead of time, for the intervention of taking measures of government and relevant departments gains time, reduce the harm having Cd poison rice, reduce Cd and pollute the health hazard brought to the people, ensure the food security of people and healthy.
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art understand technical scheme of the present invention better, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Core of the present invention is the safety monitoring method for early warning providing Cd in a kind of rice, it is for the feature of Rice Production, in the early stage (tillering stage) of Rice Production, according to the content of Cd in agricultural land soil at that time, the content status composing Cd in the form or rice organ of depositing, input the corresponding computing formula of this model, get final product the safety of Cd content in early warning to its in the future rice.
Mathematical forecasting model formula of the present invention is through many experiments and draws, specific as follows:
test material
Within 2009, early rice test kind is: excellent 128, round-grained rice Xian 89, and Zhanyou 226 and Guangdong perfume (or spice) account for;
Late rice in 2009 test kind is: rich II excellent 312, Tianyou 122, special Xian account for 25, five Feng You 615;
Within 2010, early rice test kind is: excellent 128, round-grained rice Xian 89, and Zhanyou 226 and Guangdong perfume (or spice) account for;
Late rice in 2010 test kind is: rich II excellent 312, Tianyou 122, special Xian account for 25, five Feng You 615.
The soil of test is field mud, through air-dry, grind, cross 5mm aperture sieve after, Homogeneous phase mixing, tests for barrel plant.Mixed physiochemical properties of soil is respectively: pH=6.79, the content of organic matter 2.43%, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content 131.5mg/kg, available phosphorus contents 68.5mg/kg, quick-acting potassium content 183.5mg/kg, and Soil Background cadmium content is 0.1364mg/kg.
experimental scheme
The experimental scheme of (1) 2009 year early rice: the method adopting barrel plant test, bucket specification is 40 × 50cm
2.Every barreled soil 22.0kg; Cd Stress treatment is for using CdCl
2solution, on March 28th, 2009 by 0,1,2,3,5 processing horizontals such as 4mg/kg use corresponding CdCl
2solution.Test is carried out in the glass greenhouse of Guangdong Ocean University Xing Nonglou, choose healthy full seed repeatedly to rinse well through deionized water, then to be sowed on moistening filter paper and to keep 28 DEG C of constant temperature culture, the seed that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally is selected in upper seeding on April 4 in 2009 in the Plastic Drum that soil is housed after 24 h, by every barrel of plantation 60,5 processing horizontals, 3 repetitions, have 60 barrels, numbering, random district group arranges.Cultivate higher than native face 3cm by the water surface kept in bucket, Production of Large Fields code is pressed in management.When seedling grows first leaf, carry out selecting seedling, pull out weak seedling, leave strong seedling 15.
The experimental scheme of (2) 2009 years late rices: the method adopting barrel plant test, bucket specification is 40 × 50cm
2.Every barreled soil 22.0kg; Cd Stress treatment is for using CdCl
2solution, on May 10th, 2009 by 0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0,3.5,9 processing horizontals such as 4mg/kg use corresponding CdCl
2solution.Test is carried out in the glass greenhouse of Guangdong Ocean University Xing Nonglou, choose healthy full seed repeatedly to rinse well through deionized water, then to be sowed on moistening filter paper and to keep 28 DEG C of constant temperature culture, the seed that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally is selected in upper seeding on July 10 in 2009 in the Plastic Drum that soil is housed after 24 h, by every barrel of plantation 60,5 processing horizontals, 3 repetitions, have 108 barrels, numbering, random district group arranges.Cultivate higher than native face 1-3cm by the water surface kept in bucket, Production of Large Fields code is pressed in management.When seedling grows first leaf, carry out selecting seedling, pull out weak seedling, leave strong seedling 15.
The experimental scheme of early rice test in (3) 2010 years: the method adopting barrel plant test, bucket specification is 40 × 50cm
2.Every barreled soil 22.0kg; Cd Stress treatment is for using CdCl
2solution, on February 2nd, 2010 by 0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0,3.5,9 processing horizontals such as 4mg/kg use corresponding CdCl
2solution.Test is carried out in the glass greenhouse of Guangdong Ocean University Xing Nonglou, choose healthy full seed repeatedly to rinse well through deionized water, then to be sowed on moistening filter paper and to keep 28 DEG C of constant temperature culture, the seed that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally is selected in upper seeding on April 2 in 2010 in the Plastic Drum that soil is housed after 24 h, by every barrel of plantation 60,5 processing horizontals, 3 repetitions, have 108 barrels, numbering, random district group arranges.Cultivate higher than native face 1-3cm by the water surface kept in bucket, Production of Large Fields code is pressed in management.When seedling grows first leaf, carry out selecting seedling, pull out weak seedling, leave strong seedling 15.
The experimental scheme of late rice test in (4) 2010 years: the method adopting barrel plant test, bucket specification is 40 × 50cm
2.Every barreled soil 22.0kg; Cd Stress treatment is for using CdCl
2solution, on May 8th, 2010 by 0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0,3.5,9 processing horizontals such as 4mg/kg use corresponding CdCl
2solution.Test is carried out in the glass greenhouse of Guangdong Ocean University Xing Nonglou, choose healthy full seed repeatedly to rinse well through deionized water, then to be sowed on moistening filter paper and to keep 28 DEG C of constant temperature culture, the seed that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally is selected in upper seeding on July 8 in 2010 in the Plastic Drum that soil is housed after 24 h, by every barrel of plantation 60,5 processing horizontals, 3 repetitions, have 108 barrels, numbering, random district group arranges.Cultivate higher than native face 1-3cm by the water surface kept in bucket, Production of Large Fields code is pressed in management.When seedling grows first leaf, carry out selecting seedling, pull out weak seedling, leave strong seedling 15.
Rice plant sample (5 strain) is gathered respectively in tillering stage of paddy rice, flowering stage, maturing stage whole strain, first with root system and stem, the leaf of the careful rinse water rice plants of running water, then clean up again with distilled water, natural air drying, pulverize 100 mesh sieves, load bag in bottle for subsequent use; Results paddy when paddy rice is ripe, air-dryly shells, and pulverizes, and crossing 100 mesh sieves, to load bag in bottles for subsequent use; For soil specimen, each breeding time, soil specimen taked by each process point three some soil samplers, and sampling depth is decided to be 0-20cm.The sample gathered is placed on natural air drying in sample room respectively, and air-dry foreign material such as soil sample removing stone and undesirable root etc., are then placed in mortar, are ground into powder, load Envelope bag for subsequent use after crossing 100 mesh sieve.
In rice plant sample, cadmium element adopts HNO
3-HClO
4wet digestion method, in soil, the extracting method of total cadmium selects the HF-HCLO of Chen Huaiman
4-HNO
3method, the occurrence patterns of Cadmium in Soil selects the BCR continuous extraction of correction, cadmium content atomic absorption spectroscopy determination in liquid to be measured.With national standard material GBW07604 (GSV-3) for interior mark control analysis quality, Hitachi Z2300 type atomic absorption spectrophotometer measures reading.
the project indicator measured
Tillering stage: in soil, the cadmium of state is deposited in total cadmium and each tax thereof: total cadmium (X
t), acid-soluble state cadmium (X
1), reducible state cadmium (X
2), oxidable state cadmium (X
3), residual form cadmium (X
4); The cadmium content of rice plant organ (position): root (Y
1), stem (Y
2), leaf (Y
3), brown rice (Y
4).
Flowering stage: in soil, the cadmium of state is deposited in total cadmium and each tax thereof: total cadmium (X
t), acid-soluble state cadmium (X
1), reducible state cadmium (X
2), oxidable state cadmium (X
3), residual form cadmium (X
4); The cadmium content of rice plant organ (position): root (Y
1), stem (Y
2), leaf (Y
3), brown rice (Y
4).
Maturing stage: in soil, the cadmium of state is deposited in total cadmium and each tax thereof: total cadmium (X
t), acid-soluble state cadmium (X
1), reducible state cadmium (X
2), oxidable state cadmium (X
3), residual form cadmium (X
4); The cadmium content of rice plant organ (position): root (Y
1), stem (Y
2), leaf (Y
3), brown rice (Y
4).
mathematical forecasting model
(1) mathematical model of cadmium content in its rice is predicted with cadmium amount total in rice plant of tillering stage soil:
Y=0.588X 1.158 ；
(2) mathematical model of cadmium content in its rice is predicted with Cd accumulation amount in rice plant of tillering stage plants stems:
Y=0.207X 0.946 ；
(3) with rice plant of tillering stage Cadmium in Soil 4 kinds of taxes deposit the mathematical model (X that state amount predicts cadmium content in its rice
1weak acid extractable, X
2iron and manganese oxides is in conjunction with state, X
3organic matter complex state, X
4residual form):
Y=0.0256+0.0837X 4 +0.3077X 2 2 -3.008X 3 2 -0.4063X 2 X 4 +2.8571X 3 X 4 ；
According to above-mentioned mathematical forecasting model, gather rice plant sample in the tillering stage of paddy rice, detect rice plant Cd accumulation amount X; Or, gather soil in the tillering stage of paddy rice, detect total cadmium amount X in soil in tillering stage; Or gather soil in the tillering stage of paddy rice, state amount is deposited in the 4 kinds of taxes detecting Cadmium in Soil in tillering stage, according to above-mentioned corresponding mathematical forecasting model, i.e. cadmium content Y in measurable maturing stage rice.Then, according to national standard of soil environment quality (GB 15618-1995) and grain sanitary control standard (GB 2715-2005), establish warning level standard (rice early warning value J=Cd concentration of brown rice predicted value Y/ grain sanitary control standard (0.2mgkg
-1), J < 0.7 is devoid of risk, 0.7≤J < 1.0 is warning, 1.0≤J < 2.0 is low-risk, 2≤J < 3.0 is risk, 3.0≤J is excessive risk), judge its safety and carry out early warning.
Set forth a lot of detail in description above so that fully understand the present invention, but the present invention can also adopt other to be different from other modes described here and implement, and therefore, can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention.
In a word; those skilled in the art although the present invention illustrates above-mentioned preferred embodiment, should illustrate, although can carry out various change and remodeling; unless such change and remodeling deviate from scope of the present invention, otherwise all should be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a safety monitoring method for early warning of Cd in rice, is characterized in that,
Set up following mathematical forecasting model:
The relation of Cd accumulation amount X in cadmium content Y and tillering stage rice plant stem in maturing stage rice:
Rice plant sample is gathered in the tillering stage of paddy rice, detect rice plant Cd accumulation amount X, according to above-mentioned mathematical forecasting model, cadmium content Y in prediction maturing stage rice, according to national standard of soil environment quality GB 15618-1995 and grain sanitary control standard GB 2715-2005, establish warning level standard, i.e. rice early warning value J=Cd concentration of brown rice predicted value Y/ grain sanitary control standard, wherein grain sanitary control standard is 0.2mgkg
-1, J < 0.7 is devoid of risk, 0.7≤J < 1.0 is warning, 1.0≤J < 2.0 is low-risk, 2≤J < 3.0 is risk, 3.0≤J is excessive risk; Judge its safety according to above-mentioned warning level standard and carry out early warning.
2. the safety monitoring method for early warning of Cd in rice according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described rice plant sample, Cd accumulation amount X adopts HNO
3-HClO
4wet digestion method measures.
3. a safety monitoring method for early warning of Cd in rice, is characterized in that,
Set up following mathematical forecasting model:
The relation of total cadmium amount X in cadmium content Y and tillering stage soil in maturing stage rice:
Soil is gathered in the tillering stage of paddy rice, detect total cadmium amount X in soil in tillering stage, according to above-mentioned mathematical forecasting model, cadmium content Y in prediction maturing stage rice, according to national standard of soil environment quality GB 15618-1995 and grain sanitary control standard GB 2715-2005, establish warning level standard, i.e. rice early warning value J=Cd concentration of brown rice predicted value Y/ grain sanitary control standard, wherein grain sanitary control standard is 0.2mgkg
-1, J < 0.7 is devoid of risk, 0.7≤J < 1.0 is warning, 1.0≤J < 2.0 is low-risk, 2≤J < 3.0 is risk, 3.0≤J is excessive risk; Judge its safety according to above-mentioned warning level standard and carry out early warning.
4. the safety monitoring method for early warning of Cd in rice according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in described soil, total cadmium amount X adopts HF-HCLO
4-HNO
3method measures.
5. a safety monitoring method for early warning of Cd in rice, is characterized in that,
Set up following mathematical forecasting model:
In maturing stage rice cadmium content Y and tillering stage Cadmium in Soil 4 kinds of taxes deposit wherein three kinds of state amount X of state
2iron and manganese oxides is in conjunction with state, X
3organic matter complex state, X
4the significance of residual form is closed and is:
Soil is gathered in the tillering stage of paddy rice, detect three kinds of state amounts of Cadmium in Soil in tillering stage, according to above-mentioned mathematical forecasting model, cadmium content Y in prediction maturing stage rice, according to national standard of soil environment quality GB 15618-1995 and grain sanitary control standard GB 2715-2005, establish warning level standard, i.e. rice early warning value J=Cd concentration of brown rice predicted value Y/ grain sanitary control standard, wherein grain sanitary control standard is 0.2mgkg
-1, J < 0.7 is devoid of risk, 0.7≤J < 1.0 is warning, 1.0≤J < 2.0 is low-risk, 2≤J < 3.0 is risk, 3.0≤J is excessive risk; Judge its safety according to above-mentioned warning level standard and carry out early warning.
6. the safety monitoring method for early warning of Cd in rice according to claim 5, is characterized in that: 4 kinds of taxes of described Cadmium in Soil are deposited state amount and adopted the BCR continuous extraction revised, cadmium content atomic absorption spectroscopy determination in liquid to be measured.
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