CN103124237A - Addressing method used for MAC (Media Access Control) layer of switching device of star-shaped industrial Ethernet - Google Patents
Addressing method used for MAC (Media Access Control) layer of switching device of star-shaped industrial Ethernet Download PDFInfo
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- CN103124237A CN103124237A CN2011103698312A CN201110369831A CN103124237A CN 103124237 A CN103124237 A CN 103124237A CN 2011103698312 A CN2011103698312 A CN 2011103698312A CN 201110369831 A CN201110369831 A CN 201110369831A CN 103124237 A CN103124237 A CN 103124237A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an addressing method used for an MAC (Media Access Control) layer of a switching device of a star-shaped industrial Ethernet. The addressing method comprises the steps of: adopting a switching device of the industrial Ethernet having a structure with one father device interface and multiple son device interfaces on hardware; carrying out self-configuration of running parameters in a site network layer by layer from the top to the bottom by adopting a hierarchical addressing way, and forwarding and exchanging data frames in the whole site network based on the hierarchical MAC address and the running parameters; and obtaining a target port of the data frames through logic computation for the target address of the data frame and the running parameters by the switcher device without establishing a target address forwarding table of the frame. According to the invention, the running parameters of the switching device are configurable, devices can be added and reduced randomly in the running period of the site network, and initialization of the device parameters can be accomplished spontaneously. The addressing method for the MAC layer of the switching device of the star-shaped industrial Ethernet simplifies forwarding logic of data frames of the switching device of the industrial Ethernet and simplifies implementation of the hardware of the switching device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automation control area, a kind of for star Industrial Ethernet switching equipment MAC layer addressing addressing method specifically.
Background technology
Industrial Ethernet has that traffic rate is high, with low cost, software and hardware resources is abundant, can realize the advantage such as seamless combination with computer network and be applied to automatic control system.And the switching equipment of the star Industrial Ethernet of group-based exchange need to be set up the forwarding port that mac address forwarding table comes the specified data frame, its time-delay of tabling look-up is uncertain, for adapting to the dynamic increase and decrease of the network equipment, mac address forwarding table also needs regular update and self study simultaneously.In addition, the foundation of mac address forwarding table need to consume a large amount of hardware resources, and fast zoom table logic realizes complicated with hardware.As seen, a kind of simple grouping exchange method efficiently has important function to the realization of simplifying the Industrial Ethernet switching equipment and the real-time that improves network service.
Summary of the invention
For solving the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of addressing addressing method of Industrial Ethernet switching equipment MAC Address, use the hardware of the method energy reduced data link layer protocol to realize, thereby reach the design production cost that reduces hardware, promoted simultaneously production efficiency.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
Adopt the Industrial Ethernet switching equipment of a parent device interface and a plurality of subset interface structures on hardware; Whole field network carries out forwarding and the exchange of Frame based on the addressing addressing method of the stratification of MAC layer; The level number of star field network can be for one deck to multilayer; After field network powered up, the network equipment began to carry out the initialization of operational factor initialization and terminal filed device mac address; Field network can configure the operational factor of each equipment voluntarily in initialized process, operational factor itself can reflect level and the branch at equipment place; Field network is in service, and the network equipment can carry out the interpolation of new equipment and/or removing of existing equipment, and this equipment can be switch device or terminal equipment, and the new switch device of introducing or the parameter of terminal equipment can be carried out initialization after access; Switching equipment can obtain Frame destination interface to be forwarded according to the logical operation of the destination address of operational factor and Frame.
The stratification addressing process of MAC layer:
the root switching equipment is determined the default value of the first two byte of MAC Address, then this information and port information are issued lower floor's switch device or terminal equipment, these equipment enroll the level at own place and branch information the operational factor of equipment, if switch device can be issued lower floor's switch device or terminal equipment to the operational factor that configures and port information, carry out the initialization of operational factor for lower floor's switch device or terminal equipment, the namely top-down initialization of carrying out switch device or terminal equipment operational factor successively, until all operational factor initialization are complete, the MAC Address of terminal filed equipment is configured according to its operational factor.
The stratification addressing process of MAC layer:
Switch device receives during Frame forwards, and utilizes the equipment operational factor to configure, and carries out logical operation with destination address in Frame, obtains destination interface, has also just obtained next step forward-path of Frame.
The operational factor of equipment can reflect current switch device or terminal equipment level and the branch information in network at the scene, and these message reflections go out current switch device or terminal equipment to the positional information of root switching equipment.
The level number of field network can reach 54 layers by the adjust operation parameter, increases the number of plies by reducing the bit width that every one deck port numbering takies.
Tool of the present invention compared with prior art has following effect and advantage:
1. hardware is realized simple.The logic of switch device forwarding data frame is simple, only needs the destination address of Frame and the equipment operational factor is carried out simple displacement and register testing gets final product correct forwarding data frame, has replaced traditional method of looking into mac address forwarding table.
2. agile and all-purpose.The inventive method is according to the IEEE802.3 standard design, and the field apparatus of compatible ethernet technology all is applicable to the field network based on this inventive method design thus.
3. adaptive ability is strong.The operational factor of root switching equipment is configurable, and the field network run duration can increase and decrease arbitrarily equipment, and the initialization of spontaneous finishing equipment parameter.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the star Industrial Ethernet structure chart that the inventive method is used;
Fig. 2 is the hardware structure diagram of switch device in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the addressing addressing principle exemplary plot of the MAC layer of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is root switch device initialize flow chart in Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is non-root switch device initialize flow chart in Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is non-root switch equipment or terminal equipment operational factor initialization flowchart in Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 is terminal equipment initialization flowchart in Fig. 1;
Fig. 8 is the forwarding process figure of the parent device interface receiving data frames of switch device in Fig. 1;
Fig. 9 is the forwarding process figure of the subset interface receiving data frames of switch device in Fig. 1;
Figure 10 is the process chart of terminal equipment receiving data frames in Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the solution of the present invention is described in further detail:
Adopt the Industrial Ethernet switching equipment of a parent device interface and a plurality of subset interface structures on hardware; Whole field network carries out forwarding and the exchange of Frame based on the addressing addressing method of the stratification of MAC layer; The level number of star field network can be for one deck to multilayer; After field network powered up, the network equipment began to carry out the initialization of operational factor initialization and terminal filed device mac address; Field network can configure the operational factor of each equipment voluntarily in initialized process, operational factor itself can reflect level and the branch at equipment place; Field network is in service, and the network equipment can carry out the interpolation of new equipment and/or removing of existing equipment, and this equipment can be switch device or terminal equipment, and the new switch device of introducing or the parameter of terminal equipment can be carried out initialization after access; Switching equipment can obtain Frame destination interface to be forwarded according to the logical operation of the destination address of operational factor and Frame.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1,2, be the structure chart of field network and the hardware structure diagram of switch device, switch has a parent device interface and a plurality of subset interface, equipment interface is made of ethernet physical layer chip and cable socket, and the root switching equipment can determine whether oneself is the root switching equipment according to the level signal of the pin r on equipment.In whole network, the operational factor of each switching equipment initiates to carry out top-down successively initialization by the infomational message of root switching equipment.By the initialization that root node is initiated, complete the configuration that switching equipment arranges the switch operational factor.
The root switching equipment is connected with tension management or control appliance by father's interface, comprises below root node that the tree network of root node consists of the field network of control system.
The stratification addressing process of MAC layer:
the root switching equipment is determined the default value of the first two byte of MAC Address, then this information and port information are issued lower floor's switch device or terminal equipment, these equipment enroll the level at own place and branch information the operational factor of equipment, if switch device can be issued lower floor's switch device or terminal equipment to the operational factor that configures and port information, carry out the initialization of operational factor for lower floor's switch device or terminal equipment, the namely top-down initialization of carrying out switch device or terminal equipment operational factor successively, until all operational factor initialization are complete, the MAC Address of terminal filed equipment is configured according to its operational factor.
The operational factor of equipment can reflect current switch device or terminal equipment level and the branch information in network at the scene, and these message reflections go out current switch device or terminal equipment to the positional information of root switching equipment.
As shown in Figure 3, the addressing addressing principle exemplary plot of MAC layer, each switch device has two parameter switch medium access control sublayer address SMAC and mask MASK, and the length of SMAC and MASK is all six bytes.Root switch equipment configures the default value of SMAC and MASK parameter when network powers up at the scene, the non-root switch equipment in field network and the operational factor initialization of terminal equipment are all initiated by its parent device.
As shown in Figure 4, be root switch device initialize flow chart, the network equipment powers up when carrying out initialization for the first time at the scene, its SMAC of root switch device initialize and MASK are default value, it is zero that SMAC the first two byte can be initialized to all the other four bytes of specific value, the value of the first two byte can be modified by configuration root switching equipment, and MASK the first two byte is initialized to 0xFF.Root device switch 1 is 0x580100000000 as shown in Figure 3; MASK can be initialized to 0xFFFF 00000000.After the delay of a millisecond, check the connection status of subset interface, to SMAC, MASK and its these information of port numbers that is connected to parent device of the sub-switch of setting up physical connection or terminal equipment transmission current device.Port numbers refers to the numbering of the subset interface of switch device as shown in Figure 2, and these are numbered since 1, and maximum can be 255, and the numbering of each port is different.The port numbering of subset interface not only can be 1 to 255 numeral number, also can use alphabetical A to the zee numbering, and numbering is not unique, can reach the purpose of distinguishing port and get final product.
Usually first byte of the MAC Address of ethernet device is generally 0x00, for fear of the MAC Address appearance conflict of whole network, the highest byte default value of root switching equipment is configured to a nonzero value, can also revise by the programming personnel highest byte default value of root switching equipment, the generation that avoids conflict in addition.
As shown in Fig. 5,6, be non-root switch device initialize flow chart and non-root switch equipment or terminal equipment operational factor initialization flowchart.Carry out device initialize after the non-root switch device power-on, then wait for SMAC, MASK and port information that parent device is sent.According to the information that parent device is sent, SMAC, the MASK of this equipment is set, method to set up as shown in Figure 6: the radix-minus-one complement of calculating the MASK of parent device is RFMASK, 8 of RFMASK dextroposition; The MASK that equipment is set is 0xff, and SMAC is port numbers; RFMASK moves to right eight the time, and MASK and SMAC move to left eight, are displaced to RFMASK always and equal 0; The MASK value that the value of MASK and parent device send is done an exclusive disjunction and is write MASK again, and the SMAC value that the value of SMAC and parent device send is done an exclusive disjunction and write MASK again.
As shown in Figure 7, be the terminal equipment initialization flowchart.Carry out device initialize after terminal equipment powers up, then wait for SMAC, MASK and port information that parent device is sent.According to the information that parent device is sent, SMAC, the MASK of this equipment are set as shown in Figure 6, the MAC Address of terminal filed equipment equals the SMAC of current device.
The whole field network course of work is seen accompanying drawing 1～7:
The field network device power-on.
Then SMAC and the MASK of root switch device initialize current device check that sub-interface connects, to there being the connexon equipment interface to send SMAC, MASK and these information of its port numbers.
Then non-root device waits for that at this step meeting initialization apparatus hardware the parent device information of father's interface transmission is come its SMAC of initialization and MASK.
In Principles of Network figure as shown in Figure 3, SMAC is set root switching equipment " switch 1 " and MASK is respectively 0x580100000000 and 0xFFFF 00000000, root device can detect its port one, 2,3 and 4 equipment connection, sends information SMAC, MASK and port numbers to these four ports after the time-delay of 1 millisecond.For example can send information 0x580100000000,0xFFFF 00000000 and 0x01 to switch 2; Can send information 0x580100000000,0xFFFF 00000000 and 0x02 to switch 3.
the non-root switch equipment or the terminal that receive parent device information are carried out initialization to hardware, then current device operational factor SMAC and MASK are carried out initial configuration, the switch device that configures self parameter can send to subset the SMAC of self, MASK and its port numbers send configuration information for subset initialization operational factor for the subset of built vertical physical connection, the namely top-down initialization of carrying out switch device or terminal equipment operational factor successively, until all operational factor initialization are complete, the MAC Address of terminal filed equipment is configured according to its operational factor.At this moment, in network, the operational factor of all devices can be determined.
As shown in Figure 3, through the parameter initialization of level, each equipment SMAC and MASK in field network are initialised.In Fig. 3, the parameter S MAC of switch 2 and MASK can be initialized to 0,x58,010,100 0000 and 0xFFFF FF000000; The parameter S MAC of switch 6 and MASK can be initialized to 0x5,801 0,103 0000 and 0xFFFF FFFF 0000; The parameter S MAC of switch 7 and MASK can be initialized to 0x580103050000 and 0xFFFFFFFF0000.The parameter S MAC of equipment 3 and MASK can be initialized to SMAC:0x580101030100 and MASK:0xFFFF FFFF FF00, and the MAC Address of its equipment is set to 0x5,801 0,103 0100; The parameter S MAC of equipment 8 and MASK can be initialized to 0x580103050300 and MASK:0xFFFFFFFFFF00, and the MAC Address of its equipment is set to 0x580103050300.
Parameter by the whole field network of above step is able to initialization.
When field network is introduced new switching equipment or terminal equipment at run duration, the parent device of the equipment of new access can detect corresponding subset interface the foundation of connection, wait for the time-delay of 1 millisecond, send SMAC, MASK and port numbers to this subset interface again, and the subset of new access receives information and utilizes its configuration operation parameter, then carries out successively the stratification configuration downwards.If access is terminal equipment, then to configure its MAC Address be parameter initialization and the cut-in operation that the SMAC parameter has namely been completed equipment.
The stratification addressing process of MAC layer:
Switch device receives during Frame forwards, and utilizes the equipment operational factor to configure, and carries out logical operation with destination address in Frame, obtains destination interface, has also just obtained next step forward-path of Frame.
As shown in Figure 8, be the forwarding process figure of the parent device interface receiving data frames of switch device.Broadcast frame or multicast frames are forwarded to all sub-interfaces, the destination address of remaining Frame and MASK mutually with the result of computing, be not equal to SMAC and abandon this frame, equal SMAC and forward, forward definite method of destination interface: calculate the radix-minus-one complement FMASK of MASK, the destination address of FMASK and Frame mutually with the computing value of obtaining N, FMASK moves to right 8, then FMASK moves to right, and N moves to right eight eight the time, is displaced to FMASK always and equals zero, and frame is forwarded to the subset interface that is numbered N.
As shown in Figure 9, be the forwarding process figure of the subset interface receiving data frames of switch device.What the retransmission method that the subset interface of switching equipment receives Frame was different from the Frame that father's interface receives is: can not abandon when being not equal to SMAC after destination address and MASK phase and computing, and will be transmitted to the forwarding of parent device interface.Remaining data frame forwarding method is all identical.
As shown in figure 10, be the process chart of terminal equipment receiving data frames.Terminal equipment can be given upper-layer protocol the frame that the MAC Address of broadcasting, multicast frames and destination address and current device equates and process, and other frame abandons.
The level number of field network can reach 54 layers by the adjust operation parameter, increases the number of plies by reducing the bit width that every one deck port numbering takies.
Claims (5)
1. one kind is used for star Industrial Ethernet switching equipment MAC layer addressing addressing method, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Adopt the Industrial Ethernet switching equipment of a parent device interface and a plurality of subset interface structures on hardware; Whole field network carries out forwarding and the exchange of Frame based on the addressing addressing method of the stratification of MAC layer; The level number of star field network can be for one deck to multilayer;
After field network powered up, the network equipment began to carry out the initialization of operational factor initialization and terminal filed device mac address; Field network can configure the operational factor of each equipment voluntarily in initialized process, operational factor itself can reflect level and the branch at equipment place;
Field network is in service, and the network equipment can carry out the interpolation of new equipment and/or removing of existing equipment, and this equipment can be switch device or terminal equipment, and the new switch device of introducing or the parameter of terminal equipment can be carried out initialization after access;
Switching equipment can obtain Frame destination interface to be forwarded according to the logical operation of the destination address of operational factor and Frame.
2. by claimed in claim 1 a kind of for star Industrial Ethernet switching equipment MAC layer addressing addressing method, it is characterized in that: the stratification addressing process of MAC layer:
the root switching equipment is determined the default value of the first two byte of MAC Address, then this information and port information are issued lower floor's switch device or terminal equipment, these equipment enroll the level at own place and branch information the operational factor of equipment, if switch device can be issued lower floor's switch device or terminal equipment to the operational factor that configures and port information, carry out the initialization of operational factor for lower floor's switch device or terminal equipment, the namely top-down initialization of carrying out switch device or terminal equipment operational factor successively, until all operational factor initialization are complete, the MAC Address of terminal filed equipment is configured according to its operational factor.
3. by claimed in claim 1 a kind of for star Industrial Ethernet switching equipment MAC layer addressing addressing method, it is characterized in that: the stratification addressing process of MAC layer:
Switch device receives during Frame forwards, and utilizes the equipment operational factor to configure, and carries out logical operation with destination address in Frame, obtains destination interface, has also just obtained next step forward-path of Frame.
4. by claim 1,2 or 3 described a kind of for star Industrial Ethernet switching equipment MAC layer addressing addressing method, it is characterized in that:
The operational factor of equipment can reflect current switch device or terminal equipment level and the branch information in network at the scene, and these message reflections go out current switch device or terminal equipment to the positional information of root switching equipment.
5. by claimed in claim 1 a kind of for star Industrial Ethernet switching equipment MAC layer addressing addressing method, it is characterized in that: the level number of field network can reach 54 layers by the adjust operation parameter, increases the number of plies by reducing the bit width that every one deck port numbering takies.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103760794A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-30 | 南京南瑞集团公司 | Automatic addressing data acquisition system and method thereof |
| CN108809724A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-13 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | Alarm management method and device in cloud data system |
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| CN1514605A (en) * | 2003-03-27 | 2004-07-21 | 中国科学院计算机网络信息中心 | Hierarchical exchange network system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103760794A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-30 | 南京南瑞集团公司 | Automatic addressing data acquisition system and method thereof |
| CN108809724A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-13 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | Alarm management method and device in cloud data system |
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Application publication date: 20130529 |