CN103115665A - Online type real-time vibration detecting device based on ATOM and ARM - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an online type real-time vibration detecting device used for detecting of device running states. The online type real-time vibration detecting device is developed based on the burgeoning Intel ATOM platform and the mature ARM embedded technology. According to the online type real-time vibration detecting device, firstly data acquisition processing is performed through an analog to digital (A/D) module on the ARM platform, vibration analog signals are translated into digital signals, and then the digital signals are transmitted to the ATOM platform through a serial port, data after spectral analysis are displayed on the platform by the utilization of a graphical interface, and diagnosis can be performed conveniently. The online type real-time vibration detecting device has the advantages that manual routing inspection is not required, working efficiency is improved, instantaneity is good, a human-computer interaction interface is good, processing capability is strong, and the online type real-time vibration detecting device is simple and easy to use, and applicable for device vibration detection under hostile environments.

Description

Online real-time vibration-detecting instrument based on ATOM and ARM

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of online mechanical vibration detector of checkout equipment operation conditions.

Background technology

At present, the diagnosis of mechanical fault both at home and abroad, most vibration diagnosis that adopt roughly can be divided into following four classes:

1) traditional online detector combines advanced computer technology, sensor technology and network technology, has the ability of early prediction fault.But, because system consists of complicatedly, operate more loaded down with trivial detailsly, somewhat expensive is therefore be restricted in application.

2) traditional off-line type detector, have applied widely, can carry out the characteristics of diagnostic analysis to various kinds of equipment, be traditional online good complement; Yet due to volume greatly, Portable belt not, real-time is poor.

3) based on the Handheld data collector of single CPU (Central Processing Unit), such functions of the equipments are fairly simple.Single cpu system is subjected to the restriction of its hardware resource, algorithm and speed, mainly complete the measurement of vibration signal temporal signatures, and measuring accuracy is low, real-time is poor, data storage capacity is little, and general non-fault diagnostic function can only be processed by means of the data that PC is come to collection.

4) based on hand-held data collection, the analyzer of the two CPU of master-slave mode.This type systematic can take full advantage of the strong advantage of front end CPU control ability and rear end CPU is powerful, data-handling capacity fast, digital filtering, temporal signatures detection, the frequency domain character that can complete vibration signal detect, but lack friendly human-computer interaction interface, also lack active data management and memory function, will seem painstaking to the multitasking of complexity.

Existing online complicated operation, somewhat expensive; Hand-held lacks human-computer interaction interface, can not be online the mechanical fault of checkout equipment emerged in operation at any time, particularly when the equipment work under bad environment, in the limited situation of human resources, the application of hand-held more is restricted.Therefore can not guarantee the plant equipment safe operation, easily cause the damage of plant equipment, bring serious economic loss to enterprise.

Based on above-mentioned background, the present invention proposes a kind of online real-time vibration-detecting instrument.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of rugged surroundings of resisting, the vibration-detecting instrument that have good human-computer interaction interface, be simple and easy to use, real-time is good, save human resources, processing power is strong carries out real time on-line monitoring for the running status of machinery.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: based on the online real-time vibration-detecting instrument of ATOM and ARM, comprise sensor, ARM platform and ATOM platform.It is characterized in that sensor is connected with the ARM platform, the ARM platform is connected with the ATOM platform, sensor converts equipment vibrating signal to electric signal, A/D module on the ARM platform is sampled to electric signal, and be transferred to the ATOM platform by the control of arm processor, the ATOM platform carries out spectrum analysis to the data that receive, and shows on graphic interface.

The ATOM platform is management data and exploitation man-machine interface under (SuSE) Linux OS, and remote controlled arm processor change sampling rate, and equipment state is carried out real-time analysis and field diagnostic.

Connect by Serial Port Line between ATOM platform and ARM platform, realize the real-time processing to vibration signal.

Beneficial effect

The present invention contrasts prior art and has following innovative point:

Utilize the system of the two CPU of master-slave mode to realize the operation conditions of online detection instrument, real-time is good.Use the ATOM platform as primary processor, can take full advantage of operating system management data and the exploitation man-machine interface of ATOM platform operation, simple to operate.

The present invention contrasts prior art and has following remarkable advantage:

1. be applicable to the vibration detection of equipment work under bad environment;

2. need not manual inspection, reduce workload, save time, greatly increase work efficiency;

Real-time good, be simple and easy to use;

4. good human-computer interaction interface, processing power are strong.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the entire system block diagram

Fig. 2 is the Software for Design module map

Fig. 3 is the linux kernel configuration interface

Embodiment

1. hardware components

Whole functional-block diagram of the present invention is comprised of sensor, ARM platform and ATOM platform as shown in Figure 1.

The ATOM platform adopts Intel ATOM Z510 processor, and collocation Intel us15w system-on-a-chip controller is compared traditional x86 doube bridge sheet framework power consumption lower, configures more flexible.UP-Atom510 extends out common interfaces and controller, comprises 5 USB interface, the 100M network interface card, and the 1000M network interface card, PS2 keyboard and mouse interface, audio interface, serial ports and VGA interface also have the PC104 bus interface on base plate simultaneously.

The course of work is as follows: the vibration signal of plant equipment is converted to electric signal by vibration transducer, converts digital signal to through the A/D conversion chip, directly sends into arm processor and stores.To store data and be transferred to long-range ATOM platform through Serial Port Line, under linux system, data are carried out Fourier transform, carry out spectrum analysis, and result make a gift to someone machine interface is shown, understand the plant equipment operation conditions by spectrogram, and then diagnose.

2. software section

2.1 the overall design of floppy disk system

Software section adopts modularized program method for designing (overall design that is system is completed by each subroutine) and C Programming with Pascal Language, makes program structure clear, further expands the function of system after being convenient to.Whole program is by data acquisition, consist of with serial communication module, spectrum analysis and frequency spectrum display module.The primary module figure of system as shown in Figure 2.

2.2 building of development environment

Embedded Linux kernel and the whole source codes of device drives (CD is set up complete development environment after installing) are installed.The instrument of cross compile is placed to/the opt/host/armv41 catalogue under.Step is as follows:

(1) the kernel source code that enters under development environment is set, then make menuconfig.

(2) need to select and configure (configuration interface is as shown in Fig. 5 .8) to kernel option and driver module according to using.

(3) complete oneself arrange after, preserve configuration, withdraw from.

(4) carry out make zImage compiling and generate the own kernel image file that customizes, this document can be copied to automatically/the tftpboot/ catalogue under for programming.

(5) if need to recompilate kernel, can enter the linux kernel catalogue, recompilate kernel image file zImage.Be introduced into kernel source code tree, then key in following order:

make?clean

make?dep

make?zImage

The kernel setup interface as shown in Figure 3

2.3 the compiling application program generates executable file, then needs it is stored in the ramdisk file system of development board Linux.This just need to make ramdisk file system reflection again, and programming flash.Ramdisk.image.gz is the compressed file of the file system reflection of LINUX.Concrete manufacturing process is as follows:

(1) ramdisk.image.gz is moved to/the tftpboot catalogue under, be ramdisk.image with decompress(ion) under catalogue.

(2) then with order mount-o loop ramdisk.image/mnt with ramdisk.image file system image file mount in/mnt/cdrom catalogue.

(3) enter/the mnt/cdrom/bin/ catalogue, the file destination MiniM of copying application program is under this catalogue.

(4) close/the mnt/cdrom/ window umount/mnt/cdrom.

(5) enter/the tftpboot catalogue, the image file of keying in order gzip ramdisk.image compressed file system in terminal becomes ramdisk.image.gz, and be stored in/the tftpboot/ catalogue under.

3A/D Data acquisition and storage module

3.1A/D modular converter initialization

A/D model on the ARM development platform is SD16, make SD16 normally gather analog quantity and to change, and need to carry out initialization to SD16, and initialization is mainly the setting to some related registers.Write control word 0X0114 in control register SD16CTL, open SD16, can change, namely setting SD16 kernel clock source is system's period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m clock, and the internal reference voltage generator cuts out, and does not consume power consumption, close and overflow interrupt enable bit, select the clock source Frequency Dividing Factor of SD16; Write control word 0X008E in control register SD16CCTLx, namely setting translative mode is sequence of channels multiple conversions pattern, the over-sampling rate setting is 256, having specified simultaneously the conversion storage register that is used for saving result is SD16MEM0-SD16MEM2: when the conversion normal termination, transformation result writes selected storage register SD16MEMx, corresponding interrupt flag bit SD16IFGx set.

3.2 the initialize routine of analog-to-digital conversion module

This Array selection sequence of channels multiple conversions pattern.This pattern is done multiple conversions to sequential a plurality of passages.Transformation result will be deposited at the transformation result storage register in order.Till the conversion of this sequence is continued until that software stops.The initialize routine of analog-to-digital conversion module is as follows:

3.3 the Software for Design of switch acquisition

This device has designed 8 way switch amount sampling channels, takies P2.0, the P2.1 port of P1.0, P1.1, P1.2, P1.3, P1.4, P1.6 port and the P2 mouth of the P1 mouth of ARM single-chip microcomputer.When gathering switching value, can be directly judge each high and low level signal of P1, P2 mouth input register by scanning, determine pin level, namely switching value is inputted.During initialization, need in the direction register that P1, P2 mouth are set, P1 be set, the P2 mouth is input state, the statement of use is:

P1DIR=0x00; // the P1 mouth is set for inputting

P2DIR=0x00; // the P2 mouth is set for inputting

Each high and low level signal of scanning judgement P1 mouth (the P2 mouth is in like manner) input register, the statement of use is:

If (P11N﹠amp; 0x00//judgement P1.0 pin level

KKin0=I; If // be high, switch input variable KKin0 is 1

Else KKin0=0; If // be low, switch input variable KKin0 is 0

Judge other statement in like manner, gather 8 way switch input quantities, need to all scan the level on 8 pins one time.

3.4 controlling of sampling module

The work quality of AD sampling thief THSI206 directly affects the accuracy of sampled data, this module is mainly completed the work to the sampling aspect, comprise and send sample command, accept sampled data and interrupt processing, these are processed and to concentrate on mainly that sampling function sample_one_point () is inner to be completed, and its main code is as follows

The address selection of analog switch arranges by the P2 mouth, and the sample command of AD sampling thief is completed by put a negative pulse to the CONVST leg signal.Reading by the XBYTE instruction of data completed.Low four strobe pin with 8255 are connected, it is actually and is placed in not strobe state with 8255, RD useful signal 1 occurs on MOVX instruction P3.7 pin simultaneously, and RD is connected with the RD of THS206 again, and the triggering rank of THS206 is 4, like this even four tunnel sampled result data of resuming studies out.Change again the analog channel address, so just read 32 tunnel sampled result data altogether.

3.5 data memory module:

The data memory module main task is the reading of data of completing the FLASH storer under the samples storage working method, manned and programming.The data function reading is rbyte32 (), and its main code is as follows:

It is w32byte-sector () that data read to be written into function, and its main code is as follows:

The below is program in machine code:

After the sampling number certificate of manned 8 32 road signals, 256 byte buffer of FLASH are fully written, must be with the data programing of this 256 byte in FLASH, be 10ms the averaging time of its programming, greater than sampling interval 2.5ms, the spring sampling next time that was about to begin before programming is completed, and during one-time programming, 256 byte datas in the FLASH impact damper can not be modified, otherwise the data of this 256 byte will reprogramming, so will utilize single-chip microcomputer inner set data buffer to come temporary transient store sample data.During the FLASH programming, system's 4 points (32 tunnel) of sampling, the size of data buffer can be deposited the sampled data of 5 points (32 tunnel), also remain the deposit data space of a point, manned time nanosecond due to FLASH, much smaller than sampling interval, thus 4 hFL ASH that refuse to take a passenger that count that can will keep in a sampling interval, the space of release single-chip data buffer zone.

3.6 the communication module with serial ports

Mainly complete single-chip microcomputer with serial communication modular and carry out the transmission of sampled data by parallel interface and computing machine.All need under sending mode to transmit sampled data to the ATOM platform in data transmission modes and sampling, but that the parallel interface under two kinds of patterns is processed is slightly different, the below is the program code of two tansfer functions:

Data send mode of operation:

4 serial communication modulars

4.1 after system starts, ATOM platform and ARM platform will carry out communication with communication protocol and the Data Transport Protocol of prior agreement.Wherein, communication protocol is the Handshake Protocol for guaranteeing that upper and lower computer communication success is reached; Data Transport Protocol is the agreement of the upper and lower computer communication data packet format of asking, is divided into uploading data packet format and down-transmitting data packet format.To be slave computer be transferred to host computer by serial ports after the data of collection in worksite break into bag with the uploading data bag; The down-transmitting data bag is the configuration information instruction bag that host computer transmits toward slave computer.

(1) communication protocol

Host computer communicates by COM serial port apparatus and slave computer, utilizes Serial Port Line to complete the function of transmission and the reception of data, and reaches each other self-defining simple communication agreement.Native system adopts the COM1 port to realize communication, only needs serial ports is carried out certain parameter configuration, can complete the transfer function of data.Its simple communication protocol.

(2) data packet transmission is assisted

Data Transport Protocol is the agreement of the communication data packet format of upper and lower computer, and being slave computer is transferred to host computer by serial ports after the data of collection in worksite break into bag.Packet is made of three attached bags, is respectively: the fast parameter of passage 1 according to attached bag, the fast parameter of passage 2 according to attached bag, gradual data sub-packets.Wherein 1, the 2 fast parameters of passage namely refer to according to formaing the fast parameter certificate of depositing in attached bag the vibration signal accekeration that sensor gathers, and gradual data refer to the battery capacity of slave computer capture card.Note, the agreement packet header of data packet format and bag tail all also need to have check code, make mistakes in case packet reads.Notebook data packet format packet header check code is AA, and bag tail check code is two DD, DD.Certainly need also that for each bag of continuity that guarantees packet Bale No. and channel number are arranged.Data package size is 12 bytes, specifically arranges form and sees the following form 1

Table 1 data packet format table

Now operating process is briefly introduced to serial port:

4.2 the initialization of serial ports

The serial data transmission module comprises serial port initialization subroutine and data transmission subroutine, and each subroutine is as follows respectively.Wherein data transmission adopts inquiry mode, also can change easily interrupt mode into.

ATOM platform receive data C programmer used comprises initialization

Subroutine and reception subroutine.Each subroutine is as follows respectively:

Adopt most widely used RS-232 serial line interface in communication industry between two platforms, and arrange communication protocol and the data packet transmission agreement that communicating pair is observed jointly

4.3 open serial ports, obtain the serial ports handle.

Signal procedure is specified serial equipment and relevant operational attribute from the CreateFlle function.Return to an effective handle if open the serial ports success, this handle will be used to follow-up traffic operation, and run through whole communication process, otherwise return to INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE.The CreateFile function that designs in program is as follows:

Several noticeable parameter settings are arranged in the createFile function: first parameter I PzFileName adds a colon after pointing to PORT COM, as formulating " COM1: ".Because serial ports is shareable device not, the 3rd parameter serial ports sharing mode should be made as NULL; The 4th parameter establishment mode is necessary for OPEN one EXISTING, namely opens existing serial ports.For the security attribute of the 5th parameter, its value is 0.

4.4 serial port setting.

Open need to configure correct baud rate, character length etc. to serial ports after serial ports can communication.Can control (IPCTL) by 1/0 equipment and call to configure the serial port drive program, also have kind of an adoptable method, namely configure serial port with GetCommstate and SetConnnstate.Call the GetCommstate function initial configuration of serial port is filled in a DCB structure, revise the configuration of serial port, should first revise the DCB structure, then the SetCommstate function arranges serial port with the DCB structure of appointment.Except arranging in DCB, program generally also needs to arrange the size of 1/0 buffer zone and overtime.Keep in the data of serial port input and output with the I/O buffer zone, if the speed of communication is higher, larger buffer zone should be set.Call the size that the SetupComm function can arrange the input and output buffer zone of serial port, from the DCB structure as can be known, SetCommstate can arrange various states, and a lot of attributes can Use Defaults, and only need revise as required necessary zone.In program only to the DCB structural member, BaudRate baud rate, Bytesize character people degree, parity effect position, StopBits stop being configured than parameters such as positions, wherein Bytesize, parity, StopBits have defined serial data byte transformat.The baud rate that the design adopts is! 152O0bPs, character transmission length is 8, without the effect position, the transformat that the plum byte is.

4.5 the read-write of serial ports

As sweep with CreateFilc ' the capable port of open string, can use ReadFile and WriteFile function read-write string prosperous port.Certainly under the prerequisite of read-write string " " port, must guarantee that CreateFile is own through successfully having opened serial port, otherwise will read and write unsuccessfully.

Society's one serial ports port write data only need be called the WriteFile function like this:

Wherein, hcom is the serial ports handle through opening for oneself, and cBytcs is set to the actual byte quantity that writes, and letter " S " is write the serial port of having opened.If success will be returned to TRUE.

Read serial port also very simple, invoked procedure is as follows:

int?rc；

DWORD?cByte；

BYTE?ch；

ch＝TEXT(‘S’)：

re＝WriteFile(hCom，&ch，1，&cBytes.，NULL)；

Ch will read in a character, and cByte is set to the actual quantity that reads the word bamboo.If the success of ReadFIle function call also will be returned to TRUE.

4.6 close serial ports.

Call CloseHandle () to close a serial port, CloscHandle only has a parameter, calls exactly CreateFile.The handle that returns when opening a port.After system started, the data capture management thread was created, and its thread process function receives just every 1s recursive call communication module the packet that collects from slave computer in strict accordance with communication protocol.

5 spectrum analysis module

The signal processing mode that adopts in system has FFT conversion, autocorrelation analysis, power spectrumanalysis, cepstrum analysis and time domain parameter index analysis etc.Present signal analyzer all can't be processed continuous signal, and will sample the continuous signal discretize by A/D, and then the time series of this group known length is carried out analyzing and processing, thereby reaches the purpose of analyzing with system's settling signal.Now enumerate the several signal analysis algorithmic functions that call in system as follows:

(1) FFT conversion: voidffi (doublex[], doubley[], intn, intsign), can have n member's array to carry out Fourier transform or inverse fourier transform to one, when the value of sign was made as 1, the result of calculation of this function be Fourier transform, when the sign value was 1, result of calculation was inverse fourier transform.

(2) correlation analysis and power spectrumanalysis: voidpmpse (doublex[], intn, intm, intnffi, int win, doublefs, doubler[], doublefreq[], doublesxx[], intsdb), calculate power spectrum and the related function of signal with Weleh figure average period method, wherein output parameter r is used for depositing the value through after correlation analysis, and sxx is used for depositing the value through after power spectrumanalysis.

(3) cepstrum analysis: noat*PCT_PC (intn, float*xr) has n member's array to carry out cepstrum analysis to one, and function return value is exactly the result after cepstrum analysis.Above-mentioned is that in native system, some data are processed function, be called in signal analysis and processing, and so that signal is analyzed and conversion, be the several Main Analysis functions in the wave form analysis module.Wave form analysis module in the ATOM end system is accessed the mold oscillation signal that is stored in database by data management module, call various signal processing methods, and these signals are carried out analyzing and processing, to completing the determination and analysis to mold oscillation.

6 spectrogram display modules

The shown waveform of instrument view is all fast-changing, and directly drawing can cause the screen fast refresh on equipment, produces a large amount of flickers and is not suitable for observing, and has therefore all adopted the method for bitmap buffer when building the view class.Be exactly not directly to screen drawing when drawing, but first in the figure with required picture all is plotted to the bitmap of internal memory, and then by function, whole bitmap is copied on screen, in the time of so each renewal view, screen only can refresh once, thereby has solved the problem of flicker.This software district that draws mainly contains the CGraphStatic class and completes.The base class of CGraphStatic class is CStatic, and it provides the function of a Windows static control.A static control can be used for showing the metafile of text-string, square frame, rectangle, icon, cursor, bitmap or an enhancing, also can be used as label, square frame or be used for separating other control.The CGraphStatic class has mainly been completed following operation:

◆ the size that planning is drawn and distinguished

◆ the attribute of transverse axis and the longitudinal axis is set

◆ to drafting and the various operation of cursor

◆ the actual waveform data-mapping is become pixel data

◆ draw grid and every relevant information

For each view, although the content of drawing is different, basic skills is consistent, is all to call when the drawing of the OnPaint of front view class () function drive after sending WM_PAINT message by external call function Invalidata ().

The DrawTrace (CDC*pDC, int i) that the demonstration of spectrogram is based on the CStatic class completes, and can show simultaneously at most three different Trace curves.The implementation procedure of spectrogram is: the derived class CMySocket class by CSocket receives real time data from bottom hardware, by the CVI_SADlg::OnReceiveCommData function, the valid data that receive are carried out fft analysis and spectrum estimation again, data after handling well dump to ResultData.DisplayResult[0 again], the CGraphStatic class is drawn.

Claims (3)

1. based on the online real-time vibration-detecting instrument of the arm ARM mini2440 of Intel atom ATOM and friendliness, be a kind of online real-time detecting system, comprise sensor, ARM platform and Intel atom ATOM platform.Its technical characterictic is that sensor is connected with the arm mini2440 platform of friendliness, the arm mini2440 platform of friendliness is connected with Intel atom ATOM platform, sensor converts equipment vibrating signal to electric signal, A/D module on the ARM platform is sampled to electric signal, and the control of the arm mini2440 processor by friendliness is transferred to Intel atom ATOM platform, Intel atom ATOM platform carries out spectrum analysis to the data that receive, and shows on graphic interface.

2. require 1 described online real-time vibration-detecting instrument according to patent, its technical characterictic is its described Intel atom ATOM platform management data and exploitation man-machine interface under (SuSE) Linux OS, and the arm mini2440 processor of remote controlled friendliness change sampling rate, equipment state is carried out real-time analysis and field diagnostic.

3. require 1 described online real-time vibration-detecting instrument, its technical characterictic to be to connect by Serial Port Line between the arm ARM mini2440 platform of its described Intel atom ATOM platform and friendliness according to patent, the real-time processing of realization to vibration signal.

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