A kind of vane hydraulic machinery
Technical field
The present invention relates to the hydraulic machinery technical field, especially relate to a kind of vane hydraulic mechanism.
Background technique
Blade hydraulic pump or motor volume are little, and rotary inertia is little, are active in one's movements, and applicable to the higher occasion of commutating frequency, but leakage rate is larger, and is unstable during tick-over.Therefore vane motor generally is used for the occasion that rotating speed is high, torque is little and action request is sensitive.traditional oil hydraulic pump or motor, can normally start after pressure oil passes in order to ensure vane motor, must make vane tip and stator inner surface close contact, to guarantee good sealing, therefore all be provided with preloading spring at root of blade, but this traditional oil hydraulic motor and pump, because root of blade is provided with preloading spring, vane tip all the time all with the internal surface close contact of stator, make like this vane tip after off-load and the internal surface of stator contact all the time, increased the merit loss, increased energy loss, the spring sliding-vane motor, the easy fatigue failure of spring damages, performance is reliable not, life-span is limited.
Chinese patent literature (open day: on April 16th, 2008, publication number: CN101163883A) disclose a kind of blade mechanism, comprised internal rotor and external rotor.A plurality of blades of radially extending are spaced with the first conveying chamber.The inner radial petiolarea of blades the internal rotor internal diameter move up and its radially outer petiolarea is rotatable is contained in external rotor.The present invention proposes, and the inner radial petiolarea angle of blades is accommodated in the inner in rotor regularly and external rotor comprises base for each separation of each blades, and blades is rotatable to be contained in base.
The purpose of technique scheme be for provide a kind of have high efficiency very simultaneously can be simply, the blade mechanism of low cost fabrication.
Chinese patent literature (open day: on October 25th, 2006, publication number: CN1853031A) disclose a kind of oil hydraulic pump or motor, comprised the body with chamber and the rotor that is rotatably installed in chamber interior.Definite shape forms one or more elevated areas between the wall of chamber and rotor, regional, the main pressurize that descends is regional and inferior pressurize is regional to such an extent as to chamber and rotor have.Rotor has a plurality of slits and is arranged in the blade of each slit.Each blade can move between retracted position and extended position.At retracted position, blade can not drive the hydraulic fluid of introducing chamber.At extended position, blade can drive the hydraulic fluid of introducing chamber.Can be made blade can be maintained at retracted position by the blade holding device that selectivity is started.
Technique scheme has solved when oil hydraulic pump or oil hydraulic motor are in non-operating mode, and hydraulic machinery also may be constantly and is subjected to extraly the problem of hydraulic fluid.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to solve spring sliding-vane motor of the prior art, the easy fatigue failure of spring damages, and performance is reliable not, the problem that the life-span is limited and a kind of vane hydraulic machinery is provided.
the present invention realizes that the technological scheme that its technical purpose adopts is: a kind of vane hydraulic machinery, comprise the oil-feed side plate, fuel-displaced side plate, rotor, stator and the blade that is arranged in rotor, bottom chamber is formed on the bottom of described blade and rotor, be respectively equipped with high-pressure mouth and low pressure port on described oil-feed side plate and fuel-displaced side plate, be provided with the fluid passage on described blade, blade tip is provided with the vane tip groove that communicates with the fluid passage, the Line of contact of described vane tip and stator inner surface divides the both sides that are located at the vane tip groove, be respectively arranged with the fluid slot corresponding to the fluid passage on described fuel-displaced side plate and oil-feed side plate, described fluid passage, vane tip groove and fluid slot form the blade control chamber.this vane hydraulic machinery, by fluid passage and vane tip groove are set on blade, on fuel-displaced side plate and oil-feed side plate, fluid slot is set, and the fluid passage, vane tip groove and fluid slot form a blade control chamber, can pass into pressure fluid in the blade control chamber, thereby realize the control to blade top and blade bottom pressure, and the bottom of blade and rotor is provided with bottom chamber, do not establish preloading spring in bottom chamber, but directly introduce the external pressure fluid in bottom chamber, the control of realization to the blade base pressure, blade is outwards ejected with stator inner surface to be contacted.And the Line of contact of vane tip and stator inner surface divides the both sides that are located at the vane tip groove, makes vane tip groove and stator inner surface form all the time a Seal cage, with the function that realizes that control chamber is regulated blade pressure.blade just is subject to the control of the pressure fluid of tripartite's diverse location like this, the vane tip bi-side, the control of blade interior control chamber and blade bottom chamber pressure, such structure can be by passing into high-pressure liquid or low-pressure fluid in control chamber, realize the regulation and control to the suffered bottom chamber pressure of blade and bi-side, blade top pressure, specific operation are: this hydraulic machinery is done the motor used time, the motor entrance needs high pressure, high pressure in the vane tip chamber, and this moment, bottom chamber passed into highly pressurised liquid formation high pressure, be subject to the effect of stress surface product moment due to blade, and utilize system back pressure or the external pressure fluid of startup is set, blade can reliably touch stator inner surface, motor is started smoothly, exempted the spring structure of common blade motor, simultaneously, the pressure fluid of control chamber this moment inside makes the pressure difference up and down of blade keep in balance, motor operations is steady.If this hydraulic machinery carries out energy when transmitting according to the host work loop condition at needs not, namely when certain phase does not need work, make the fluid slot of control chamber on oil-feed side plate and fuel-displaced side plate by the external pressure fluid of runner, therefore this hydraulic machinery off-load the time, so controlled cavity pressure effect of blade or be subjected to simultaneously the vane tip cavity pressure and the effect of control chamber pressure is retracted in rotor, thereby realize idle running, exempted the reactive loss after the off-load, reduced energy loss.This vane hydraulic machinery, compare with composite-type, pin-type load structure, process easy, precision easily guarantees, cost is lower, makes blade to stator, rational contact arranged in all-round scope by designing each fluid slot angle and position, not only guarantees reliable contact but also control wearing and tearing, improve working pressure, improved product performance.Compare with the spring sliding-vane motor, avoided the fatigue failure of spring to damage, reliable performance, the life-span is long.
As preferably, described fluid passage comprises radial fluid passages and axial fluid passage, and described vane tip groove communicates with radial fluid passages.the fluid passage is set to radial fluid passages and axial fluid passage, vane tip groove like this, radial fluid passages and axial fluid passage can form the control chamber of a sealing, pressure fluid can be through the selective control chamber that enters of control channel, to realize the blade bottom, the control of both sides, top pressure, make blade select as required protruding or retraction rotor or remain on certain working state, make the pressurized situation of blade do different adjustment according to working state, the formation of control chamber has changed the problem that conventional leaf chip hydraulic machinery still needs energy to transmit at working stage not.
As preferably, the two-port of axial fluid passage is communicated with fluid slot on oil-feed side plate and fuel-displaced side plate, fluid slot is the kidney-shaped structure, and on oil-feed side plate and fuel-displaced side plate, fluid slot corresponding to low-pressure cavity communicates with high-pressure mouth, and the fluid slot that hyperbaric chamber is corresponding communicates with low pressure port.Adopt said structure to realize: when being used as the vane pump use, when blade was in the discharge section, vane tip was high pressure, and the control chamber of respective segments is low pressure, and bottom chamber is high pressure; When blade was in the influent stream section, vane tip was low pressure, and the control chamber of respective segments is high pressure, and bottom chamber is high pressure.When doing the sliding-vane motor use, when blade was in the discharge section, vane tip was low pressure, and the control chamber of respective segments is high pressure, and bottom chamber is high pressure; When blade was in the influent stream section, vane tip was high pressure, and the control chamber of respective segments is low pressure, and bottom chamber is high pressure; When being used as the sliding-vane motor use, bottom chamber can first be led to actuating signal oil; When system needs, in blade retractable rotor, realize the idle running of pump.
As preferably, be respectively arranged with base channel on the oil-feed side plate that described bottom chamber is corresponding and fuel-displaced side plate, described base channel is ring or kidney-shaped structure, and base channel communicates with high-pressure mouth.on oil-feed side plate and fuel-displaced side plate, bottom chamber is set, when the external fluid entrance passes into high pressure, control chamber corresponding to high-pressure mouth this moment zone is communicated with the low pressure port fluid through runner, and control chamber corresponding to low pressure port zone is communicated with high-pressure mouth through runner, bottom chamber is communicated with high-pressure mouth through runner, such structure realizes the function of motor, and when the external fluid entrance passes into low-pressure fluid, control chamber corresponding to low-pressure cavity this moment zone is communicated with high-pressure mouth through runner, and control chamber corresponding to hyperbaric chamber zone is communicated with low pressure port through runner, bottom chamber is communicated with high-pressure mouth through runner, such structure realizes the function of pump.
As preferably, blade is split-type structural, each rotor inside is provided with two blades of relatively installing, one side plane of blade is provided with curve bath, described curve bath comprises a horizontal curve bath and two vertical curve baths perpendicular to horizontal curve bath, described fluid passage is oppositely arranged by the curve bath of two blades and forms, the top of described blade is that the both sides, top of arc structure or blade are provided with chamfering structure, and described vane tip groove is made of two vane tip circular arcs or chamfering structure.the preferred split-type structural of blade, such structure both had been conducive to the setting of curve bath, can make simultaneously the control chamber realization to the adjusting of vane tip and bottom pressure, and two blades that split-type structural more is conducive in rotor adjust as required, that is to say, when this hydraulic machinery work, rotation along with rotor, two blades are due to stressed difference, can do corresponding floating so that vane tip contacts with stator inner surface in rotor, the sealing that keeps the vane tip chamber, and then guarantee that control chamber plays a role, this structure makes blade reduce for the pressure of stator inner surface, blade is to the existing certain power that is adjacent to of stator inner surface, can not produce excessive wearing and tearing to stator inner surface again.
As preferably, the degree of depth of described curve bath is less than or equal to 1/2 vane thickness.The degree of depth of curve bath is preferably less than or equal to 1/2 vane thickness, and such structure can either guarantee that control chamber brings into play the regulating action to vane tip and base pressure effectively, can also guarantee the working strength of blade simultaneously.
As preferably, the radius of arc of the arc structure at the top of described blade is more than or equal to 1/2 vane thickness, perhaps the chamfering angle size of the chamfering structure of the both sides, top of blade is more than or equal to 1/3 vane thickness, and vane tip and stator inner surface Line of contact are positioned on two vane tip gabarit circular arcs or chamfering structure.The radius of arc of the arc structure at the top of blade is preferably greater than and equals 1/2 vane thickness, the chamfering angle size of the chamfering structure of the both sides, top of blade is preferably greater than and equals 1/3 vane thickness, such structure can either guarantee fully contacting of vane tip and stator inner surface, can also make the vane tip groove give full play to the required function of control chamber simultaneously.
As preferably, described high-pressure mouth place is provided with control valve.When being used for motor, blade bottom chamber first logical actuating signal oil keeps in touch blade and stator, and then the control valve (can be check valve etc.) of pressure fluid through being arranged on high-pressure mouth enters high-pressure mouth.
As preferably, described control chamber is connected with bottom chamber and is connected with the external pressure fluid interface.Can select as required directly to be connected with fluid interface, such structure facilitates passing into of signal oil or pressure fluid, convenient control to the control chamber fluid, thus realization realizes the idle running of oil hydraulic pump in case of necessity to the control of blade.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: this vane hydraulic machinery is compared with composite-type, pin-type load structure, process easy, precision easily guarantees, cost is lower, make blade to stator, rational contact arranged in all-round scope by designing each fluid slot angle and position, not only guarantee reliable contact but also control wearing and tearing, improved working pressure, improved product performance.With spring sliding-vane motor ratio, avoided the fatigue failure of spring to damage, reliable performance, the life-span is long.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the enlarged view at B place in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is a kind of structural representation of blade of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the plan view of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is principle schematic of the present invention;
In figure: 1, oil-feed side plate, 2, fuel-displaced side plate, 3, rotor, 4, stator, 5, rotor, 6, blade, 7, bottom chamber, 8, hyperbaric chamber, 9, low-pressure cavity, 10, fluid passage, 11, the vane tip groove, 12, fluid slot, 13, control chamber, 14, radial fluid passages, 15, axial fluid passage, 16, base channel, 17, curve bath.
Embodiment
Also by reference to the accompanying drawings technological scheme of the present invention is described in further detail below by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1; a kind of vane hydraulic machinery; this vane hydraulic mechanism can be that oil hydraulic pump can be also oil hydraulic motor; comprise former and later two housings and axle, be provided with high-pressure mouth, low pressure port on described former and later two housings, the influent stream mouth, go out head piece; fluid intake and fluid drawing-off mouth; and the interface that is connected with the external pressure fluid, be provided with seal arrangement between each parts of this hydraulic machinery, to protect the inner seal chamber that forms.the core of this hydraulic machinery comprises oil-feed side plate 1, fuel-displaced side plate 2, rotor 3, stator 4 and the blade 6 that is arranged in rotor 5, blade 6 forms bottom chamber 7 with the bottom of rotor 5, be respectively equipped with hyperbaric chamber 8 and low-pressure cavity 9 on oil-feed side plate 1 and fuel-displaced side plate 2, be provided with fluid passage 10 on blade 6, blade 6 contacts the end and is provided with the vane tip groove 11 that communicates with fluid passage 10 with stator 4, the Line of contact of blade 6 tops and stator 4 internal surfaces divides the both sides that are located at vane tip groove 11, be respectively arranged with the fluid slot 12 corresponding to fluid passage 10 on fuel-displaced side plate 2 and oil-feed side plate 1, fluid passage 10, vane tip groove 11 and fluid slot 12 form blade control chamber 13.
Radial fluid passages 14 and axial fluid passage 15 are drawn together in fluid passage 10, and vane tip groove 11 communicates with radial fluid passages 14.
The two-port of axial fluid passage 15 is communicated with fluid slot 12 on oil-feed side plate 1 and fuel-displaced side plate 2, fluid slot 12 is the kidney-shaped structure, on oil-feed side plate 1 and fuel-displaced side plate 2, fluid slot 12 corresponding to low-pressure cavity communicates with high-pressure mouth, and the fluid slot 12 that hyperbaric chamber is corresponding communicates with low pressure port.
Be respectively arranged with base channel 16 on the oil-feed side plate 1 of bottom chamber 7 correspondences and fuel-displaced side plate 2, base channel 16 is ring or kidney-shaped structure, and base channel 16 communicates with high-pressure mouth 8.
Blade 6 is split-type structural, and each rotor 5 inside are provided with two blades of relatively installing, and a side plane of blade 6 is provided with curve bath, and the degree of depth of curve bath equals 1/2 vane thickness.Curve bath comprises a horizontal curve bath and two vertical curve baths perpendicular to horizontal curve bath, fluid passage 10 is oppositely arranged by the curve bath of two blades 6 and forms, the top of blade 6 is arc structure, and vane tip groove 11 is made of two vane tip arc structures.When arc structure is adopted at blade 6 tops, the radius of arc of the arc structure at the top of blade 6 is 1/2 vane thickness, when chamfering structure is adopted at blade 6 tops, the chamfering angle size of the chamfering structure of the both sides, top of blade is 1/3 vane thickness, such structure makes and is positioned at the control chamber partial blade and the shared vane thickness of stator Line of contact is about 1/2 of vane thickness, both guarantee the working strength of blade, be conducive to again the formation in vane tip chamber.
The high-pressure mouth place is provided with control valve.Control chamber 13 is connected with bottom chamber and can directly be connected with the external pressure fluid interface.
this vane hydraulic machinery, both can be used as the oil hydraulic pump use and also can be used as the oil hydraulic motor use, no matter as pump or motor uses, be provided with influent stream chamber and discharge side on the oil-feed side plate of this vane hydraulic machinery and fuel-displaced side plate, the influent stream chamber can be that high pressure can be also low pressure, because pump inlet is low pressure, outlet is high pressure, motor inlet is high pressure, outlet is low pressure, so can design according to main frame specific works situation, control chamber corresponding to hyperbaric chamber zone is communicated with the low pressure port fluid through runner, control chamber corresponding to low-pressure cavity zone is communicated with high-pressure mouth through runner, bottom chamber is communicated with high-pressure mouth through runner.On oil-feed side plate and fuel-displaced side plate, there is corresponding fluid slot in hyperbaric chamber zone and low-pressure cavity zone, control chamber can communicate with corresponding fluid slot, fluid slot corresponding to hyperbaric chamber zone communicates with low pressure port, fluid slot corresponding to low-pressure cavity zone communicates with high-pressure mouth, on the oil-feed side plate that bottom chamber is corresponding and fuel-displaced side plate, the annular groove that can communicate is with it arranged, this annular groove communicates with high-pressure mouth.
When this vane hydraulic machinery was done the vane pump use, when blade was in the influent stream section, vane tip was low pressure, and the control chamber of respective segments is high pressure, and bottom chamber is high pressure; When blade was in the discharge section, vane tip was high pressure, and the control chamber of respective segments is low pressure, and bottom chamber is high pressure.The be stressed effect top arc of hydrodynamic pressure or chamfering and stator inner surface of blade holds out against, and the blade of all-round scope is reasonable to the isostasy of stator inner surface, the vane pump stable working, and wearing and tearing are few.
When this vane hydraulic machinery was made sliding-vane motor and used, the blade bottom chamber passed into pressure fluid prior to hyperbaric chamber, and when blade was in the influent stream section, the top of blade was high pressure, and the control chamber inside of respective segments is low pressure, and bottom chamber inside is high pressure; When blade is in when discharging section, vane tip is low pressure, and the control chamber inside of respective segments is high pressure, and bottom chamber inside is high pressure; When being used as the sliding-vane motor use, bottom chamber can first be led to actuating signal oil.This vane hydraulic machinery is done the motor used time, due to the effect of vane stress area difference, and utilize system back pressure or arrange to start and use external pressure fluid, blade can reliably touch stator inner surface, motor is started smoothly, replaced the spring structure of common blade motor.
Reciprocal because of high-pressure mouth and the low pressure port of pump and motor, pump inlet is low pressure, and outlet is high pressure, and motor inlet is high pressure, and outlet is low pressure, therefore when not only making pump but also making motor, high-pressure mouth need arrange control valve, to guarantee rational blade up and down pressure difference.
This vane hydraulic machinery, system unloaded, messenger oil in pump chamber, in blade compresses revolution pilot trench, pump or motor are not worked, and system capacity consumes low.Perhaps the chamber oil of control chamber inside can be introduced from the outside, when not needing this hydraulic machinery work, and system unloaded, control chamber intercommunication oil is in the blades retracted rotor.
If this vane hydraulic machinery need not carry out the energy transmission according to the host work loop condition, namely when certain phase does not need work, make control chamber each fluid slot on oil-feed side plate and fuel-displaced side plate pass through the external pressure fluid of control valve with runner, therefore this hydraulic machinery off-load the time, so the controlled cavity pressure effect of blade is retracted in rotor, thereby realize idle running, exempted the reactive loss after the off-load, reduced energy loss.
This vane hydraulic machinery is compared with composite-type, pin-type load structure, process easy, precision easily guarantees, cost is lower, make blade to stator, rational contact arranged in all-round scope by designing each fluid slot angle and position, not only guarantee reliable contact but also control wearing and tearing, improved working pressure, improved product performance.Compare with the spring sliding-vane motor, avoided the fatigue failure of spring to damage, reliable performance, the life-span is long.