CN103114852A - Novel mining hydraulic excavator - Google Patents
Novel mining hydraulic excavator Download PDFInfo
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- CN103114852A CN103114852A CN2013100737668A CN201310073766A CN103114852A CN 103114852 A CN103114852 A CN 103114852A CN 2013100737668 A CN2013100737668 A CN 2013100737668A CN 201310073766 A CN201310073766 A CN 201310073766A CN 103114852 A CN103114852 A CN 103114852A
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel mining hydraulic excavator. The novel mining hydraulic excavator comprises an excavator body, a travelling body, a movable arm, a bucket rod, a scraper bucket, a hydraulic cylinder for the movable arm, a hydraulic cylinder for the bucket rod, and a hydraulic cylinder for the scraper bucket, wherein a lower cover plate for bearing bending stress on the movable arm is divided into three plates with the thicknesses of 9mm-11mm; an open pore for a vertical plate is removed from a rotary table structure, and the thickness of the vertical plate is set to be 18mm-22mm; a bolt is arranged on a baseboard which is set to be 23mm-25mm thick; and in the structure of a chassis, a rotary race is welded with an upper cover plate of the baseboard, a box-type structure is internally supported by a cylindrical rib plate, other rib plates are radially connected with a track frame, the rotary race extends into a frame to be welded with the upper cover plate, and a thin cylinder plate is arranged below through butt welding. The novel mining hydraulic excavator is subjected to structure improvement and performance optimization on the basis of the prior art, so that the service life of the excavator is prolonged, the durability of the excavator is enhanced, and the excavator has an energy-saving effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of mechanical technique, particularly relate to a kind of New Mine hydraulic crawler excavator.
Background technology
In the mining machinery field, excavator has been played the part of very important role, and it has made huge contribution for the construction operation in the mine.And excavator in use, and its structure member must bear in various degree the fluctuating load with different operating modes, very easily produces the crackle of microcosmic and further produce the crackle of macroscopic view, finally excavator damaged.Simultaneously because excavator belongs to many-degrees of freedom system, job area is wide, the work frequency is high, working strength is large, operating mode is complicated etc. and the phenomenon that damages often occurs, and the common cause of failure has following several.
(1) dipper, because dipper is the box beam structure, so there is the situation of multiple-pass weld docking in the process of actual welding dipper, stress is relatively concentrated herein, the stressing conditions more complicated, thus with bearing pin that swing arm is connected near weld seam and structure crack easily occur;
(2) swing arm, form of structure and the loading characteristic of analysis swing arm, swing arm is mainly to bear the tension and compression fluctuating load, the load concentration phenomenon often occurs near boom cylinder, causes the butt weld cracking of bottom wing listrium, finally causes cracking in webs;
(3) turntable is got on the bus and all load of equipment because turntable bears, and will bear fluctuating load in real work, and the phenomenon of structure and weld cracking often occurs;
(4) welding quality is the main cause that affects its structural member crackle, directly determine the quality of final products, near weld seam and weld seam, structure is the weak link of carrying, therefore when bearing fluctuating load, or welding procedure is unreasonable, may produce various defectives, and these defectives will cause serious stress concentration phenomenon, can reduce greatly its fatigue strength, that weld defect is mainly manifested in is lack of penetration, weld crack, overlap, pore, undercut, slag inclusion etc.Excavator swing arm structure normal backing plate that adopts in process is processed, but easily there is the lack of penetration weld defect of root of weld in the backing plate place, and this is the hazards that cause fatigue failure.Crackle is the one of the main reasons that affects the steel construction piece quality, find at the scene the weld seam existing problems of some key structure spares in investigation process on the spot, there are some even can see tiny crackle, crackle easily causes the stress concentration phenomenon, larger on bearing the impact of alternation and shock loading, be defective more dangerous in weld seam.In the actual welding process, the electric current of welding is excessively strong, welding rod quality is relatively poor and the welding operation posture is improper etc. causes easily that all overlap defective, overlap defective have changed the size of weld seam, can cause that local stress concentrates.
In construction operation, the scraper bowl of excavator has important effect.The digger shovel teeth material generally adopts ZGMn13, is arranged on the front end of bucket-wheel excavator scraper bowl, contacts the wearing and tearing that very easily cause teeth with material direct, is the main consumable product of excavator equipment.Therefore, in actual production, often run into the problems such as welding of the welding of repair welding, potassium steel member of potassium steel wear-out part and potassium steel and structural iron, abrasion-resistant stee.
Although some achievements have been obtained with the development of hydraulic crawler excavator in the Chinese large-sized mine, compare larger gap in addition with advanced international standard, wherein subject matter is control performance, energy-efficient performance and the poor reliability of hydraulic system.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of New Mine hydraulic crawler excavator, on the basis of existing technology it is carried out architecture advances and performance optimization, to extend its application life, strengthen its durability, and have energy-saving effect.
technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of New Mine hydraulic crawler excavator, car body can be located on running body pivotally by turntable structure, turntable structure comprises riser and base plate, excavator also comprises the swing arm that is connected with above-mentioned car body and can rotates with respect to car body, being connected with above-mentioned swing arm also can be with respect to the dipper of swing arm rotation, being connected with above-mentioned dipper also can be with respect to the scraper bowl of dipper rotation, be used for driving the swing arm hydraulic cylinder of above-mentioned swing arm, be used for driving the dipper of above-mentioned dipper with hydraulic cylinder and for the scraper bowl hydraulic cylinder that drives above-mentioned scraper bowl, above-mentioned swing arm is rotatably supported on the swing arm back shaft of above-mentioned car body, on described swing arm, the lower cover that is used for Bending stress is divided into three blocks of plates, the thickness of these three blocks of plates is 9-11mm, cancel the riser perforate in turntable structure, the thickness of riser is made as 18-22mm, at the base plate place, bolt is installed simultaneously, the thickness of base plate is made as 23-25mm, in chassis structure, revolving seat ring and the welding of chassis upper cover plate, the inside of box-structure has gusset to support, above-mentioned gusset is the cylinder plate, other gussets are radioactive to be connected with track frame, simultaneously revolving seat ring is extended inside vehicle frame, itself and upper cover plate are welded, the below is docked thin cylinder plate of welding again.
One group of regeneration valve respectively is installed on swing arm and dipper.
In scraper bowl, the bucket precursor with the welding technique of bucket lip is:
(1) prepare before the weldering: first the bucket lip of wearing and tearing is cut away from scraper bowl, and the iron rust at connection bucket labial surface place is ground off, then bevel, leave single K type groove with carbon arc air gouging at bucket lip weld, polishes totally;
(2) welding:
1. baker is transferred to 350 ℃, then welding rod is put into and wherein be incubated 1.5h, weldering speed is little in weld deposit process, and its electric current should be bigger than normal, cuts the nickel content of protecting the 5%-6% fusion area;
2. welding method is selected flux-cored wire CO: gas shielded arc welding, welding equipment are the gas metal-arc welding welding machine;
3. the weld seam welding variables is: the welding position, and vertical upwards weldering,
A) backing welding: I150A-180A, U=22V-26V, gas flow: 101/min-151/min;
B) fill weldering: I=220A-260A, U=25V-30V, gas flow: 101/min-151/min;
The inner paving of bucket precursor wearing plate: I220A-280A, U=25V-30V, gas flow: 101/min-151/min;
Welding position: the positions such as vertical position welding, horizontal position welding, the straight angle 0 weldering;
4. weld heat input is controlled at below 22kJ/cm;
5. adopt multi-pass welding, weld interpass temperature is controlled at 100 ℃-150 ℃;
6. except prime coat and capping layer, all the other welding bead postwelding hand hammer hammerings adopt backstep sequence to reduce welding residual stress;
Should add run-on tab when 7. welding, receive the arc plate;
8. the bucket lip is assembled, with the welding rod bilateral symmetry tacking of Φ 3.2mm, postwelding wants timely water-cooled to process hammering, and the not super 30mm of weld seam is long,
9. use the D266 welding rod backing welding of Φ 3.2mm, in time water-cooled is processed when stopping welding, and protects the interbed temperature below 50 ℃ to cut, and adopts the direct current reversed polarity during welding, the method for welding with interrupted, short section, little electric current in welding process;
10. filling weldering is that a root bead bar divides the discontinuous welding that is soldered for 3-4 time, adopt the welding rod of Φ 4mm, welding current is 250A, wants timely water-cooled when stopping welding, and makes low 50 ℃ of weld seam, prevent Carbide Precipitation, that wants that the hammering workpiece eliminates stress concentrates, and is the symmetry that guarantees welding, be soldered two-layer, left and right weld seam rotation welding makes leg reach 16mm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the swing arm after improvement, the stress at No. 3, its lower cover plate place obviously descends, and numerical value is the 65MPa left and right, the range of decrease approximately 40%, scheme is easy to realize; Riser after improvement, its supporting capacity obviously improves, and manufacturing process is simple, easily realizes; Chassis structure after improvement makes moment of flexure and load to be born and to be transmitted by the revolving seat ring structure, the weld stress of revolving seat ring and upper cover plate effectively improves, effectively avoid simultaneously the weld seam of revolving seat ring, upper cover plate and cylinder plate to concentrate, with respect to before improving, the chassis stress decrease after improvement 10% left and right.
The present invention is by being equipped with two groups of regeneration valves, one group of energy regeneration when being used for swing arm and descending, one group of energy regeneration when being used for dipper and regaining, when swing arm and dipper are descended, accelerate because deadweight can make swing arm, make the quick oil return of oil back chamber, produce power is impacted, this part energy is absorbed by the system of excavator itself and is incorporated in other operating mechanism, thereby has reduced the power stage of pump, plays energy-conservation effect.
Adopt in scraper bowl provided by the invention the welding technique of bucket precursor and bucket lip, make that efficient is high, cost is low, have good welding quality and practical value preferably, overcome it and be difficult for welding and the relatively poor problem of welding quality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is original riser structure;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of revolving seat ring place structure after improving;
Fig. 4 is the operating principle schematic diagram of regeneration valve.
The 1-excavator; The 2-car body; The 3-swing arm; The 4-dipper; The 5-scraper bowl; The 6-running body; 7-swing arm back shaft; 8-scraper bowl hydraulic cylinder; 9-dipper hydraulic cylinder; 10-swing arm hydraulic cylinder; The 11-revolving seat ring; The 12-upper cover plate; The 13-lower cover; The thin cylinder plate of 14-; The 15-weld seam; The 24-main pump; The 25-reversal valve; The 26-fuel tank; 27 regeneration valves; The 28-counterbalance valve.
The specific embodiment
as shown in Figure 1, a kind of New Mine hydraulic crawler excavator, car body 2 can be located on running body 6 by turntable structure pivotally, turntable structure comprises riser and base plate, excavator also comprises the swing arm 3 that is connected with above-mentioned car body 2 and can rotates with respect to car body 2, being connected with above-mentioned swing arm 3 also can be with respect to the dipper 4 of swing arm 3 rotations, being connected with above-mentioned dipper 4 also can be with respect to the scraper bowl 5 of dipper 4 rotations, be used for driving the swing arm hydraulic cylinder 10 of above-mentioned swing arm 3, be used for driving the dipper of above-mentioned dipper 4 with hydraulic cylinder 9 and for the scraper bowl that drives above-mentioned scraper bowl 5 hydraulic cylinder 8, above-mentioned swing arm 3 is rotatably supported on the swing arm back shaft 7 of above-mentioned car body 2, on described swing arm 3, the lower cover that is used for Bending stress is divided into three blocks of plates, the thickness of these three blocks of plates is 10mm, cancel the riser perforate in turntable structure, the thickness of riser is made as 20mm, at the base plate place, bolt is installed simultaneously, the thickness of base plate is made as 24mm, in chassis structure, revolving seat ring 11 and 12 welding of chassis upper cover plate, the inside of box-structure has gusset to support, above-mentioned gusset is the cylinder plate, other gussets are radioactive to be connected with track frame, simultaneously revolving seat ring 11 is extended inside vehicle frame, and itself and upper cover plate 12 are welded, the below is thin cylinder plate 14 of docking welding again, as shown in Figure 3.
Regeneration valve is a kind of energy recycle device that generally adopts on large excavator at present.When the operating mechanism of excavator descended, gravitional force can be converted into the kinetic energy of fluid.If there is no the storage device of energy in hydraulic system, this part kinetic energy can be converted into the heat energy in system fully, and system has been caused certain burden, and has wasted a large amount of energy.For large excavator, operating mechanism's weight is large, and the waste of this part energy is particularly serious, recycles this part energy so need to install regeneration valve.
The operating principle of regeneration valve, as shown in Figure 4, when descending in mechanism, banked direction control valves is not opened, and only opens regeneration valve, and the fluid of mechanism's rodless cavity returns by the A mouth of regeneration valve at this moment; Wherein a part is got back to the rod chamber of organization cylinder by the B mouth according to the pressure flow relation, and the remaining counterbalance valve that partially opens is got back to fuel tank.In whole swing arm decline process, banked direction control valves all is in closed condition, so the consumed power when in swing arm decline process, hydraulic system is only kept zero load.
One group of regeneration valve respectively is installed, one group of energy regeneration when being used for swing arm and descending, one group of energy regeneration when being used for dipper and regaining on swing arm 3 and dipper 4.The unlatching of regeneration valve needs cylinder rod to have certain pressure, and due to the difference of work structuring movement position, the working method of two groups of regeneration valves is difference to some extent also.
1) swing arm regeneration valve.Boom cylinder all is in stressed compressive state in any position, can a direct-open, descend so can lean on the swing arm regeneration valve to control fully when in normal workflow, swing arm descends; Can realize the decline control of swing arm fully by regeneration valve in the normal operation circulation.
2) dipper regeneration valve.The dipper hydraulic cylinder is in quick variation with the angle of horizontal direction in normal operation.When swing arm was in low level, dipper hydraulic cylinder and horizontal direction angle can be decreased to zero, even become negative value, and therefore, the dipper regeneration valve just can be worked when swing arm is promoted to a high position; When swing arm dropped to certain angle, because bucket arm cylinder and horizontal direction angle reduce, the weight of dipper and shovel mechanism had been not enough to open regeneration valve, and the fluid that refluxes this moment need to just can be got back to fuel tank by banked direction control valves; If dipper continues to regain, just must provide fluid to drive by main pump.
In scraper bowl 5, the bucket precursor with the welding technique of bucket lip is:
(1) prepare before the weldering: first the bucket lip of wearing and tearing is cut away from scraper bowl, and the iron rust at connection bucket labial surface place is ground off, then bevel, leave single K type groove with carbon arc air gouging at bucket lip weld, polishes totally;
(2) welding:
1. baker is transferred to 350 ℃, then the E308T1-1 welding rod is put into and wherein be incubated 1.5h, weldering speed is little in weld deposit process, and its electric current should be bigger than normal, cuts the nickel content of protecting the 5%-6% fusion area;
2. welding method is selected flux-cored wire CO: gas shielded arc welding, welding equipment are gas metal-arc welding welding machine NBC-500;
3. the weld seam welding variables is: the welding position, and vertical upwards weldering,
A) backing welding: I165A, U=24V, gas flow: 121/min;
B) fill weldering: I=240A, U=27V, gas flow: 121/min;
The inner paving of bucket precursor wearing plate: I250A, U=27V, gas flow: 121/min;
Welding position: the positions such as vertical position welding, horizontal position welding, the straight angle 0 weldering;
4. weld heat input is controlled at below 22kJ/cm;
5. adopt multi-pass welding, weld interpass temperature is controlled at 100 ℃-150 ℃;
6. except prime coat and capping layer, all the other welding bead postwelding hand hammer hammerings adopt backstep sequence to reduce welding residual stress;
Should add run-on tab when 7. welding, receive the arc plate;
8. the bucket lip is assembled, with the D266 welding rod bilateral symmetry tacking of Φ 3.2mm, postwelding wants timely water-cooled to process hammering, and the not super 30mm of weld seam is long.
9. use the D266 welding rod backing welding of Φ 3.2mm, in time water-cooled is processed when stopping welding, and protects the interbed temperature below 50 ℃ to cut, and adopts the direct current reversed polarity during welding, the method for welding with interrupted, short section, little electric current in welding process;
10. filling weldering is that a root bead bar divides the discontinuous welding that is soldered for 3-4 time.Adopt the D266 welding rod of Φ 4mm, welding current is 250A, wants timely water-cooled when stopping welding, and makes low 50 ℃ of weld seam, prevent Carbide Precipitation, that the hammering workpiece eliminates stress concentrates, and is the symmetry that guarantees welding, be soldered two-layerly, left and right weld seam rotation welding makes leg reach 16mm.
Claims (3)
1. New Mine hydraulic crawler excavator, car body (2) can be located on running body (6) pivotally by turntable structure, turntable structure comprises riser and base plate, described excavator also comprises the swing arm (3) that is connected with above-mentioned car body (2) and can rotates with respect to car body (2), being connected with above-mentioned swing arm (3) also can be with respect to the dipper (4) of swing arm (3) rotation, being connected with above-mentioned dipper (4) also can be with respect to the scraper bowl (5) of dipper (4) rotation, be used for driving the swing arm hydraulic cylinder (10) of above-mentioned swing arm (3), be used for driving the dipper of above-mentioned dipper (4) with hydraulic cylinder (9) and for the scraper bowl that drives above-mentioned scraper bowl (5) hydraulic cylinder (8), above-mentioned swing arm (3) is rotatably supported on the swing arm back shaft (7) of above-mentioned car body (2), it is characterized in that: on described swing arm (3), the lower cover that is used for Bending stress is divided into three blocks of plates, the thickness of described three blocks of plates is 9-11mm, cancel the riser perforate in turntable structure, the thickness of riser is made as 18-22mm, at the base plate place, bolt is installed simultaneously, the thickness of base plate is made as 23-25mm, in chassis structure, revolving seat ring (11) and chassis upper cover plate (12) welding, the inside of box-structure has gusset to support, above-mentioned gusset is the cylinder plate, other gussets are radioactive to be connected with track frame, simultaneously revolving seat ring (11) is extended inside vehicle frame, itself and upper cover plate (12) are welded, the below is docked a welding thin cylinder plate (14) again.
2. a kind of New Mine hydraulic crawler excavator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: on swing arm (3) and dipper (4), one group of regeneration valve is installed respectively.
3. a kind of New Mine hydraulic crawler excavator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in scraper bowl (5), the bucket precursor with the welding technique of bucket lip is:
(1) prepare before the weldering: first the bucket lip of wearing and tearing is cut away from scraper bowl, and the iron rust at connection bucket labial surface place is ground off, then bevel, leave single K type groove with carbon arc air gouging at bucket lip weld, polishes totally;
(2) welding:
Comprise 1. baker being transferred to 350 ℃, then welding rod is put into and wherein be incubated 1.5h, weldering speed is little in weld deposit process, and its electric current should be bigger than normal, cuts the nickel content of protecting the 5%-6% fusion area;
2. welding method is selected flux-cored wire CO: gas shielded arc welding, welding equipment are the gas metal-arc welding welding machine;
3. the weld seam welding variables is: the welding position, and vertical upwards weldering,
A) backing welding: I150A-180A, U=22V-26V, gas flow: 101/min-151/min;
B) fill weldering: I=220A-260A, U=25V-30V, gas flow: 101/min-151/min;
The inner paving of bucket precursor wearing plate: I220A-280A, U=25V-30V, gas flow: 101/min-151/min;
Welding position: the positions such as vertical position welding, horizontal position welding, the straight angle 0 weldering;
4. weld heat input is controlled at below 22kJ/cm;
5. adopt multi-pass welding, weld interpass temperature is controlled at 100 ℃-150 ℃;
6. except prime coat and capping layer, all the other welding bead postwelding hand hammer hammerings adopt backstep sequence to reduce welding residual stress;
Should add run-on tab when 7. welding, receive the arc plate;
8. the bucket lip is assembled, with the welding rod bilateral symmetry tacking of Φ 3.2mm, postwelding wants timely water-cooled to process hammering, and the not super 30mm of weld seam is long.
9. use the D266 welding rod backing welding of Φ 3.2mm, in time water-cooled is processed when stopping welding, and protects the interbed temperature below 50 ℃ to cut, and adopts the direct current reversed polarity during welding, the method for welding with interrupted, short section, little electric current in welding process;
10. filling weldering is that a root bead bar divides the discontinuous welding that is soldered for 3-4 time, adopt the welding rod of Φ 4mm, welding current is 250A, wants timely water-cooled when stopping welding, and makes low 50 ℃ of weld seam, prevent Carbide Precipitation, that wants that the hammering workpiece eliminates stress concentrates, and is the symmetry that guarantees welding, be soldered two-layer, left and right weld seam rotation welding makes leg reach 16mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2013100737668A CN103114852A (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2013-03-08 | Novel mining hydraulic excavator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013100737668A CN103114852A (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2013-03-08 | Novel mining hydraulic excavator |
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| CN103114852A true CN103114852A (en) | 2013-05-22 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104481532A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-04-01 | 辽宁威跃集团机械制造有限公司 | Mineral offset adjusting excavator |
| CN104607785A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-05-13 | 河南省矿山起重机有限公司 | Box beam welding method |
| CN105604109A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-05-25 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Hydraulic regeneration system of movable arm of excavator |
| CN112091467A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-12-18 | 中煤北京煤矿机械有限责任公司 | Method for improving accessibility rate of welding robot |
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| CN101761665A (en) * | 2008-12-24 | 2010-06-30 | 斗山英维高株式会社 | Regeneration valve assembly for construction machinery |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104607785A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-05-13 | 河南省矿山起重机有限公司 | Box beam welding method |
| CN104481532A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-04-01 | 辽宁威跃集团机械制造有限公司 | Mineral offset adjusting excavator |
| CN105604109A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-05-25 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Hydraulic regeneration system of movable arm of excavator |
| CN112091467A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-12-18 | 中煤北京煤矿机械有限责任公司 | Method for improving accessibility rate of welding robot |
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Application publication date: 20130522 |