CN103108055B - A kind of ENUM/DNS and real-time data processing method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ENUM/DNS real-time data processing method, described method comprises: the request that Operation and Maintenance server issues according to ext nal network element, in real time the temporary table of adjustment for depositing the number record not being synchronized to service processor; Number record in described temporary table, based on described temporary table, is periodically synchronized to service processor by Operation and Maintenance server, and the formal table of adjustment for depositing the number record being synchronized to service processor.The invention also discloses corresponding ENUM/DNS, effectively can improve ENUM/DNS to check numbers the real-time of the data processings such as record, the probability reducing data redundancy and make mistakes, enhance the adaptability to the IMS core net under varying environment, and effectively can improve stability and the response speed of whole ENUM/DNS.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) core networks, in particular to an ENUM/DNS and a real-time data processing method thereof.
Background
IMS is a subsystem supporting IP multimedia services proposed by the third generation partnership project (3 GPP) in version R5, and has as its core features independence from access and the adoption of the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP). IMS opens a new era in the field of communications, and its convergence solution helps break the barrier between fixed-line and mobile phone networks, becoming the best choice for next generation communication networks to achieve large convergence. IMS solutions have a number of advantages over softswitch solutions, and are taking an increasingly important role in the next-generation network (NGN) market.
With the gradual Business use of IMS, the number of users is getting larger, and the previous method of manually maintaining user number data in an ENUM (telephone number mapping)/Domain Name System (DNS) is not enough to cope with the increasing Business demand, so that an IMS core network uses a Business Operation Support System (BOSS) to immediately issue an account opening and canceling request for a number to the ENUM/DNS, which requires that the ENUM/DNS can support the real-time processing of an account opening and canceling request issued by an external network element.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to an ENUM/DNS and a real-time data processing method thereof, which can support real-time processing of a number invoicing request issued by an external network element.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention provides an ENUM/DNS real-time data processing method, which comprises the following steps:
the operation maintenance server adjusts a temporary table for storing number records which are not synchronized to the service processor in real time according to a request issued by an external network element;
and the operation maintenance server periodically synchronizes the number records in the temporary table to the service processor based on the temporary table, and adjusts a formal table for storing the number records synchronized to the service processor.
In the above solution, the operation and maintenance server, according to a request issued by an external network element, adjusts, in real time, a temporary table for storing number records that are not synchronized to the service processor, specifically:
and the operation maintenance server adjusts a temporary table for storing number records which are not synchronized to the service processor in real time according to a request issued by a service operation support system (BOSS).
In the above solution, the adjusting, by the operation and maintenance server, a temporary table for storing number records that are not synchronized to the service processor in real time according to a request issued by an external network element includes:
and when the request is an account opening request, the operation maintenance server judges that no number record corresponding to the number in the account opening request exists, generates a number record corresponding to the number in the account opening request in the temporary table, and marks the operation mark of the number record as 'insert'.
In the above solution, the adjusting a formal table for storing number records synchronized to a service handler includes: and for the number record with the operation mark of 'insert' in the temporary table, moving the number record to a formal table.
In the above solution, the adjusting, by the operation and maintenance server, a temporary table for storing number records that are not synchronized to the service processor in real time according to a request issued by an external network element includes:
when the request is a sales request, the operation maintenance server judges that a number record corresponding to the number in the sales request is stored, and then: if the number record is stored in the formal table, copying the number record in the formal table to the temporary table, and assigning an operation mark of the number record as 'delete'; and if the number record is stored in the temporary table, directly deleting the number record from the temporary table.
In the above solution, the adjusting a formal table for storing number records synchronized to a service handler includes:
and deleting the same number record from the regular table for the number record with the operation mark of 'delete' in the temporary table.
In the above solution, the operation and maintenance server periodically synchronizes the number records in the temporary table to the service processor based on the temporary table, and the method includes:
and the operation maintenance server regularly traverses the temporary table, writes the number records in the temporary table into a binary incremental file, and transmits the incremental file to the service processor according to a File Transfer Protocol (FTP).
The present invention also provides an ENUM/DNS comprising: an operation maintenance server of a foreground and a service processor of a background, wherein the operation maintenance server comprises a first adjusting unit, a second adjusting unit and a synchronizing unit,
a first adjusting unit, configured to adjust, in real time, a temporary table for storing number records that are not synchronized to the service processor according to a request issued by an external network element;
a second adjusting unit, configured to periodically adjust a formal table used for storing number records synchronized to the service processor based on the temporary table;
and the synchronization unit is used for periodically synchronizing the number records in the temporary table to the service processor based on the temporary table.
In the above scheme, the external network element is a BOSS.
In the foregoing solution, the first adjusting unit is further configured to: when the request is an account opening request, judging that no number record corresponding to the number in the account opening request exists, generating a number record corresponding to the number in the account opening request in the temporary table, and marking an operation mark of the number record as 'insert';
and/or when the request is a sales request, judging that a number record corresponding to a number in the sales request exists, if the number record is stored in the formal table, copying the number record in the formal table to the temporary table, and marking an operation mark of the number record as 'delete'; and if the number record is stored in the temporary table, directly deleting the number record from the temporary table.
In the foregoing solution, the second adjusting unit is configured to: for the number record with the operation mark of 'inserting' in the temporary table, moving the number record to a formal table; and/or deleting the same number record from the regular table for the number record with the operation mark of 'delete' in the temporary table.
In the above scheme, the synchronization unit is configured to traverse the temporary table at regular time, write the number record in the temporary table into a binary incremental file, and transmit the incremental file to the service processor according to FTP.
The invention provides an ENUM/DNS and a real-time data processing method thereof.A front-end operation maintenance server adjusts and adjusts a temporary table for storing number records which are not synchronized to a service processor in real time according to a request issued by an external network element; and periodically synchronizing the number records in the temporary table to the service processor based on the temporary table, and adjusting a formal table for storing the number records synchronized to the service processor. Therefore, the real-time performance of the ENUM/DNS in processing data such as number records and the like can be effectively improved, the data redundancy and the error probability are reduced, the ENUM/DNS can process number invoicing account requests issued by external network elements in real time, the adaptability of the ENUM/DNS to IMS core networks in different environments is enhanced, and the stability and the response speed of the whole ENUM/DNS can be effectively improved.
In addition, the invention can also be applied to the related technical field of IMS, improve the speed of responding to the update of the IMS client number data by ENUM/DNS, ensure the accuracy of the data and provide powerful support for the convenient application of the IMS.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a method for ENUM/DNS real-time data processing in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the data entry completion by the operation maintenance server of the ENUM/DNS foreground in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of a business processor in the ENUM/DNS foreground for synchronizing data to the background by an operation maintenance server according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a user a calling a user B in an IMS core network.
Detailed Description
The basic idea of the invention is: adding an interface aiming at the BOSS on an operation maintenance server of the ENUM/DNS, processing the number invoicing request message issued by the BOSS in real time, and performing adjustment operation of corresponding number records in real time, thereby achieving the purpose of processing the number invoicing request issued by an external network element in real time.
Specifically, the ENUM/DNS real-time data processing method of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, may mainly include the following steps:
step 101: the operation maintenance server adjusts a temporary table for storing number records which are not synchronized to the service processor in real time according to a request message issued by an external network element;
step 102: and the operation maintenance server periodically synchronizes the number records in the temporary table to the service processor based on the temporary table, and adjusts a formal table for storing the number records synchronized to the service processor.
The invention also provides an ENUM/DNS, the interior of the ENUM/DNS is divided into a foreground and a background, the foreground is an operation maintenance server (also called an operation maintenance server), and the function of the foreground is provided for maintainers to log in an interface mode to check and manually maintain the data stored in the own database; the background is a service processor which is used for providing number resource query service for the outside. The invention adds an interface aiming at the BOSS on the operation maintenance server, analyzes the number invoicing request issued by the BOSS, and inserts or deletes the corresponding number record in the database.
The operation maintenance server of the ENUM/DNS foreground can be connected with one or more corresponding service processors according to the requirement.
In practical application, the operation maintenance server of the foreground can periodically synchronize the changed data (such as number records and the like) in the database of the foreground to the service processor of the background in an incremental file mode to finish the operation of opening and canceling numbers, so that the load of the service processor of the background is reduced, and the service processor of the background can be compatible with different data sources. So that the client of the ENUM/DNS can quickly inquire the latest number information.
The operation maintenance server of the foreground is responsible for interacting with the BOSS, and is compatible with the function of manually adding and maintaining data in the database, so that the repeated development of new functions is reduced, the complexity is reduced, and the maintenance is facilitated.
Specifically, the operation and maintenance server includes a first adjusting unit, a second adjusting unit, and a synchronizing unit, where the first adjusting unit is configured to adjust a temporary table for storing number records that are not synchronized to the service processor according to a request issued by an external network element; a second adjusting unit, configured to periodically adjust a formal table used for storing number records synchronized to the service processor based on the temporary table; and the synchronization unit is used for periodically synchronizing the number records in the temporary table to the service processor based on the temporary table.
Wherein the first adjusting unit is further configured to: when the request is an account opening request, judging that no number record corresponding to the number in the account opening request exists, generating a number record corresponding to the number in the account opening request in the temporary table, and marking an operation mark of the number record as 'insert'; and/or when the request is a sales request, judging that a number record corresponding to a number in the sales request exists, if the number record is stored in the formal table, copying the number record in the formal table to the temporary table, and marking an operation mark of the number record as 'delete'; and if the number record is stored in the temporary table, directly deleting the number record from the temporary table.
Wherein the second adjusting unit is configured to: for the number record with the operation mark of 'inserting' in the temporary table, moving the number record to a formal table; and/or deleting the same number record from the regular table for the number record with the operation mark of 'delete' in the temporary table.
The synchronization unit is used for traversing the temporary table at regular time, writing the number records in the temporary table into a binary incremental file, and transmitting the incremental file to the service processor according to the FTP.
When the BOSS has the requirement of number invoicing, an account opening message is sent to an operation maintenance server of an ENUM/DNS foreground, and the BOSS and the operation maintenance server of the ENUM/DNS interact with each other through a fixed message structure body. And the operation maintenance server of the ENUM/DNS performs corresponding operation on the database of the ENUM/DNS according to the type of the message sent by the BOSS, and synchronizes to the service processor in the background at regular time.
The BOSS interacts with the operation maintenance server of the ENUM/DNS through a Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) message interface based on the hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP). All messages (including requests and responses, etc.) exchanged between the BOSS and the operation and maintenance server of ENUM/DNS are expressed in SOAP format, following the SOAP1.1 specification. The format of all messages is defined in a Web Services Description Language (WSDL) file, which complies with the W3CWSDL1.1 protocol specification, and the specification and meaning of parameters in all messages complies with the industry operator specification.
The BOSS serves as an initiator, the ENUM/DNS serves as a falling part, the falling part provides a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) for the initiator to access, the initiator sends a request message meeting the WSDL file specification of an operator and obtains a response message, the initiator serves as a SOAP/HTTP client of the falling part, and the falling part serves as a SOAP/HTTP server of the initiator. It should be noted that, during HTTP transmission, the HTTP header (HTTP header) part needs to follow the following convention: Content-Type is text/xml; charset ═ utf-8. In particular, if the operator has high requirements on security, the interface between the BOSS and the operation and maintenance server of ENUM/DNS is carried over the security-based HTTP protocol. SSL2.0/3.0 transmission encryption is adopted. The certificate is provided by the BOSS or adopts a self-signed certificate carried by the network element.
In the invention, the operation maintenance server of the foreground respectively processes according to the type of the message issued by the BOSS, and the database comprises a formal table and a temporary table which are all used for storing number records containing numbers and the resources to which the numbers belong. The main table stores the number records synchronized to the service processor, and the temporary table stores the number records not synchronized to the service processor.
Specifically, each number record may contain information such as number information of the user, a home domain of the number, a service type, a sip uri, a weight, a priority, and a validity period. Wherein the number information of the user is an inverted and dotted number, for example, 2.2.1.1.0.0.3.1.8.3.1.6.8; the home domain of the number may be e164.arpa, for example, the service type of the number indicates the type of the protocol based on, for example, SIP and User Datagram Protocol (UDP) when the service type of the number is SIP + e2 u; the number regular expression field in the number record contains the sip uri of the number.
In the present invention, the flow of completing data entry by the operation and maintenance server of the foreground is shown in fig. 2, and the specific steps are as follows:
step 201: receiving a message issued by a BOSS;
here, the message issued by the BOSS may be a message issued by an SPN in the BOSS to an EDS foreground operation and maintenance server.
Step 202: checking the validity of the message sent by the BOSS, if the message passes the validity check, continuing the step 203, and if the message does not pass the validity check, returning an error code to the BOSS and ending the current process;
step 203: distinguishing the type of the message, if the message is a cancellation request message, continuing to step 205, and if the message is an opening request message, continuing to step 204;
step 204: for the account opening request message, judging whether a number which is the same as the number in the account opening request message is stored in a database, if so, not processing the account opening request message; and if not, inserting the number in the account opening request message into a temporary table in a database, generating a number record corresponding to the number in the temporary table, and assigning the operation mark of the number record to be 'I' (Insert).
Step 205: for the subscriber cancellation request message, judging whether a database stores a number which is the same as the number in the subscriber cancellation message, if not, not processing; if yes, judging whether the number record corresponding to the number is stored in a formal table, if yes, directly copying the number record in the formal table to a temporary table, and assigning the operation mark of the number record to be 'D' (Delete); if not, the number record is stored in a temporary table, and the number record is directly deleted.
In the invention, the operation maintenance server of the foreground regularly traverses the temporary table of the database of the foreground, writes the number records in the temporary table into a binary incremental file, and transmits the incremental file to the service processor of the ENUM/DNS background according to a File Transfer Protocol (FTP) for loading and using by the service processor. In practical application, since the number records in the temporary table have been assigned with the operation flag values, the corresponding processing can be performed according to the operation flags in the number records.
Specifically, the flow of the operation maintenance server in the foreground to synchronize the number record in the temporary table to the service handler in the background at regular time is shown in fig. 3, and includes the following steps:
step 301: detecting whether the temporary table has number records at regular time, if so, continuing to step 302, and if not, not processing;
step 302: distinguishing the operation mark value of each number record, if the operation mark of the number record is 'I' (Insert), continuing to step 303, and if the operation mark of the number record is 'D' (Delete), continuing to step 304;
step 303: and for the number record with the operation mark of 'I' (Insert) in the temporary table, moving the data in the temporary table to a formal table, writing a file, and synchronizing the file to a background service processor in an incremental mode.
Step 304: and deleting the same number record in the formal table for the number record with the operation mark of 'D' (Delete) in the temporary table, and writing the data of the number record into a file to be synchronized to the background service processor in an incremental manner.
Here, after the service flow processor receives the number record synchronized by the operation maintenance server, the operation is also performed according to the operation flag of the number record, specifically, if the operation flag of the number record is 'D' (Delete), the number record which is locally stored and is the same as the number record is deleted; if the operation flag of the number record is 'I' (Insert), the number record is saved locally.
And clearing the temporary table once after synchronizing the number records in the temporary table to the background service processor once.
Here, the period of detecting the temporary table by the operation and maintenance server, that is, the period of synchronizing data to the service processor, is configurable, and can be modified according to the requirement of real-time data synchronization, and is generally recommended to be about 5 minutes.
The number record stored in the EDS in the present invention can serve the IMS core network, for example, can serve the call service in the IMS core network.
Specifically, user a and user B both belong to IMS users accessing in SIP, and the two users belong to different regions and have different domain names. IP addresses corresponding to the segment and domain name of the number of the user A and the user B are recorded in the secondary ENUM/DNS of the respective region. IMS users between different domains can communicate by dialing Tel numbers, and the secondary ENUM/DNS and the primary ENUM/DNS assist IMS network elements to complete call establishment.
In fig. 4, the called domain specifies the area name of the account used by user B for the operator under the IP network where UE-B is located, user a is beijing, telephone number (tel uri) is tel: +8610123456, sip uri is: sip: +8610123456beijing. china. com, user B is Nanjing one, tel: +8625123456 for TELURI, SIPIPI is: sip +8625123456 nano _ j.china.com, a process for a user A and a user B to call in an IMS core network, comprising the following steps:
step 401: when a user A dials a user B, the user A only knows the TELURI of the user B, namely tel: +8625123456, and the user A sends a request (INVITE) message carrying a Session Description Protocol (SDP) _ A calling the user B to a Proxy-CSCF (P-CSCF, Proxy-CSCF) of a self home domain;
step 402-403: the P-CSCF of the user A returns a confirmation (100trying) message to the user A and sends the INVITE message to a Serving-CSCF (S-CSCF);
step 404-405: the S-CSCF of the user A returns a 100trying message to the P-CSCF of the user A and sends the INVITE message to a clustered user application Server (CENTREXAS);
step 406-407: the CENTREXAS returns a 100trying message to the S-CSCF of the user A, and sends the INVITE message to the S-CSCF of the home domain of the user A after finishing the corresponding service;
step 408-409: the 100trying message returned from the S-CSCF of the user a to the CENTREXAS needs to send the INVITE message of the user a to the called user B, but since the S-CSCF of the user a only knows the tel uri of the user B, an inquiring-CSCF (I-CSCF, interworking-CSCF) of the user B cannot be located, at this time, the S-CSCF of the user a needs to perform ENUM/DNS inquiry to the user B first to acquire the I-CSCF information of the user B, that is, an ENUM inquiry request (ENUM query) carrying the BTELURI of the user is sent to the secondary ENUM/DNS;
step 410: the second-level ENUM/DNS queries the user B, finds an E.164 format URI (Uniform resource identifier) in a number record corresponding to the BTELURI of the user B, namely the SIPTURI of the user B, for example, finds that the SIPTURI of the user B is sip: +8610123456 nano _ j.china.com, and returns an ENUM query response (ENUMResp) carrying the BSIPURI of the user to an S-CSCF of the user A;
specifically, the service processor in the second-level ENUM/DNS background searches a corresponding number record from the number records included in the service processor according to the tel uri of the user B, and queries the sip uri of the user B from the number record.
Step 411-412: and the S-CSCF of the user A obtains the domain name of the user B, namely, the name of the user B according to the SIPTURI returned by the secondary ENUM/DNS, and performs SRV service query (SRVQuery) to the DNS for the domain name of the user B, and the user A obtains the host name and the port of the I-CSCF of the user B from the SRV service query response (SRVResp) returned by the secondary ENUM/DNS through the service query.
Specifically, the S-CSCF of the user a sends an SRV service query (SRVQuery) carrying a domain name (domain) of the user B to the secondary ENUM/DNS, the secondary ENUM/DNS performs a corresponding service query, queries an I-CSCF host name and a port (bhastnameandport) of the user B, and returns an SRV service query response (SRVResp) carrying the I-CSCF host name and the port of the user B to the S-CSCF of the user a.
Here, if the current call is not based on the same protocol, after the S-CSCF of user a obtains the domain name of user B, it needs to initiate a NAPTR query again according to the specification, where the domain name of the initiated query is' njing.
Step 413-414: and after the S-CSCF of the user A obtains the host name (Bhostname) of the I-CSCF of the user B, positioning query (DNSQuery) is carried out on the host name to the secondary ENUM/DNS, and a positioning query response (DNSResp) returned after the positioning query is carried out on the secondary ENUM/DNS comprises the IP address (BdomainIP) of the I-CSCF of the user B.
Step 415-416: and the S-CSCF of the user A sends the INVITE request message to the I-CSCF of the home domain of the user B according to the I-CSCFIP address and the port of the user B, the I-CSCF of the user B sends the INVITE request message to a called domain after receiving the INVITE request message, the user B is found by continuing the subsequent call establishment processing, the call establishment is completed, and the call of the user A to the user B is realized.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for processing telephone number mapping/domain name system ENUM/DNS real-time data, the method comprising:
the operation maintenance server adjusts a temporary table for storing number records which are not synchronized to the service processor in real time according to a request issued by an external network element;
the operation maintenance server periodically synchronizes the number records in the temporary table to the service processor based on the temporary table, and adjusts a formal table used for storing the number records synchronized to the service processor;
the operation maintenance server periodically synchronizes the number records in the temporary table to a service processor based on the temporary table, and the operation maintenance server is used for: and the operation maintenance server regularly traverses the temporary table, writes the number records in the temporary table into a binary incremental file, and transmits the incremental file to the service processor according to a File Transfer Protocol (FTP).
2. The ENUM/DNS real-time data processing method according to claim 1, wherein the operation maintenance server adjusts, in real time, a temporary table for storing number records that are not synchronized to the service processor according to a request issued by an external network element, specifically:
and the operation maintenance server adjusts a temporary table for storing number records which are not synchronized to the service processor in real time according to a request issued by a service operation support system (BOSS).
3. The ENUM/DNS real-time data processing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adjusting, by the operation maintenance server, the temporary table for storing the number records that are not synchronized to the service processor in real time according to the request issued by the external network element includes:
and when the request is an account opening request, the operation maintenance server judges that no number record corresponding to the number in the account opening request exists, generates a number record corresponding to the number in the account opening request in the temporary table, and marks the operation mark of the number record as 'insert'.
4. The ENUM/DNS real-time data processing method as claimed in claim 3, wherein said adjusting for storing a formal table of number records synchronized to a service handler comprises:
and for the number record with the operation mark of 'insert' in the temporary table, moving the number record to a formal table.
5. The ENUM/DNS real-time data processing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adjusting, by the operation maintenance server, the temporary table for storing the number records that are not synchronized to the service processor in real time according to the request issued by the external network element includes:
when the request is a sales request, the operation maintenance server judges that a number record corresponding to the number in the sales request is stored, and then: if the number record is stored in the formal table, copying the number record in the formal table to the temporary table, and assigning an operation mark of the number record as 'delete'; and if the number record is stored in the temporary table, directly deleting the number record from the temporary table.
6. The ENUM/DNS real-time data processing method as claimed in claim 5, wherein said adjusting for storing a formal table of number records synchronized to a service handler comprises:
and deleting the same number record from the regular table for the number record with the operation mark of 'delete' in the temporary table.
7. A telephone number mapping/domain name system ENUM/DNS, the ENUM/DNS comprising: an operation maintenance server of a foreground and a service processor of a background, wherein the operation maintenance server comprises a first adjusting unit, a second adjusting unit and a synchronizing unit,
a first adjusting unit, configured to adjust, in real time, a temporary table for storing number records that are not synchronized to the service processor according to a request issued by an external network element;
a second adjusting unit, configured to periodically adjust a formal table used for storing number records synchronized to the service processor based on the temporary table;
the synchronization unit is used for periodically synchronizing the number records in the temporary table to a service processor based on the temporary table; wherein,
and the synchronization unit is used for traversing the temporary table at regular time, writing the number records in the temporary table into a binary incremental file, and transmitting the incremental file to the service processor according to the FTP.
8. The ENUM/DNS as claimed in claim 7, wherein said external network element is a business operations support system BOSS.
9. The ENUM/DNS as claimed in claim 7, wherein said first adjusting unit is further configured to:
when the request is an account opening request, judging that no number record corresponding to the number in the account opening request exists, generating a number record corresponding to the number in the account opening request in the temporary table, and marking an operation mark of the number record as 'insert';
and/or when the request is a sales request, judging that a number record corresponding to a number in the sales request exists, if the number record is stored in the formal table, copying the number record in the formal table to the temporary table, and marking an operation mark of the number record as 'delete'; and if the number record is stored in the temporary table, directly deleting the number record from the temporary table.
10. The ENUM/DNS as claimed in claim 9, wherein said second adjusting unit is configured to: for the number record with the operation mark of 'inserting' in the temporary table, moving the number record to a formal table; and/or deleting the same number record from the regular table for the number record with the operation mark of 'delete' in the temporary table.
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| CN201110361591.1A CN103108055B (en) | 2011-11-15 | 2011-11-15 | A kind of ENUM/DNS and real-time data processing method thereof |
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| CN201110361591.1A CN103108055B (en) | 2011-11-15 | 2011-11-15 | A kind of ENUM/DNS and real-time data processing method thereof |
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| CN103108055B true CN103108055B (en) | 2015-12-16 |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| ENUM服务器的研究与设计;宋致虎;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库信息科技辑》;20090115;第24-27、39-40、60-64页 * |
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