The less permanent magnet eddy current coupling of a kind of disc type time-lag effect
Technical field
The present invention relates to the permanent magnet eddy current coupling field.
Background technology
In actual life, the transmission shaft driven system applies of using shaft coupling to connect is very extensive, almost relates to the field of motor power transmission in industrial occasions and life, all can use the transmission shaft driven technology of shaft coupling.The shaft coupling that uses in mechanical field at present mostly is mechanical coupling, hydraulic type shaft coupling and permanent magnet eddy current coupling.Mechanical coupling is rigid connection, the mechanical force transmitting torque.In installation process, owing to there being the axial dipole field error, increased the load that supports original paper; The radial deflection error will produce the dither that suddenlys change load and cause equipment.And rigid connection is starting moment generation impact load.Fluid coupling speed governing-genus poor efficiency mode of speed regulation, speed adjustable range is limited, the approximately 5%-10% that throws switch at a high speed, the low speed slip loss is large, reaches as high as more than 30% of rated power, and precision is low, poor linearity, low-response, and starting current is large, and device is large, is not suitable for transformation; Easily leakage, safeguard complicated, expense is large, can not satisfy the needs that improve device integrated automation level.Permanent magnet eddy current coupling using magnetic force coupled drive technology, the shaft coupling of the transmission of comparing has advantages of following: 1. energy-saving effect: 25%~66%.2. maintenance workload is little, is almost non-maintaining product, and maintenance cost is extremely low.3. allow the larger installation error of centralization (maximum can be 5mm), greatly simplified the Installation and Debugging process.4. have overload protection function, thereby improved the reliability of whole system, eliminated the damage that system causes because of overload fully.5. improve the startup ability of motor, reduce shock and vibration, coordinate the sharing of load that multimachine drives.6. speed-regulating type can be in the situation that the substantially constant step-less adjustment that realizes output speed of motor speed.7. long service life, be 30 years designed life.And can prolongation useful life of parts in system.8. be easy to realize remote control and automatically control, process control is accurately high.9. simple in structure, adapt to various adverse circumstances.Environmentally friendly, do not produce pollutant, do not produce harmonic wave.Volume is little, and is easy for installation.
The disc type permanent magnet eddy current coupling of technology maturation in the market, technical performance still has a lot of deficiencies to need to improve, mainly contain: 1. the permanent magnet of existing disc type permanent magnet eddy current coupling is to arrange with the opposite polarity two adjacent layouts of magnet along the disk circumference, its drive efficiency is lower, and the magnetic torque power that unit volume provides is not high, caloric value is larger.2. existing permanent magnet eddy current coupling is when transmitting than high pulling torque, and its disk and metal dish can produce larger angle of retard, have obvious time-lag effect, are unsuitable for the higher transmission of required precision.3. existing permanent magnet eddy current coupling is when the input rotating speed changes, the time-lag effect that the output rotating speed changes is larger, when the input rotating speed frequently changes, not only can not in time transmit corresponding torque, and can make the current vortex on metal dish give birth to heat, produce the heat accumulation that raises rapidly, these characteristics have affected permanent magnet eddy current coupling and have been applied to occasion that adjusting speed accuracy is had higher requirements.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the less permanent magnet eddy current coupling of time-lag effect that proposes a kind of disc type.
for solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is to disclose the less permanent magnet eddy current coupling of a kind of disc type time-lag effect, comprise the power shaft that is connected with motor output shaft, output shaft is connected with bearing axle, discoidal metal dish, discoidal disk, transmission connecting rod mechanism, wherein metal dish and disk are centered by the axis of transmission connecting rod mechanism, mirror image is arranged symmetrically with, two metal dish adopt steel plate outward and are fixedly attached to together, form a cage construction, power shaft is connected with the metal dish center, the relative metal dish of transmission connecting rod mechanism band movable magnetic disc near or zoom out transverse shifting, output shaft is connected with the disk center, disk comprises disk cartridge and the permanent magnet of being located on disk cartridge, described permanent magnet is divided into inside and outside two circles and is uniformly distributed on disk cartridge, the N utmost point of permanent magnet, S is extremely all along the axial distribution of disk, Internal and external cycle and the N utmost point that is all two adjacent permanent magnets of inner ring or outer ring, the S utmost point is opposite each other.
As preferably, the Internal and external cycle permanent magnet of described disk is all fan-shaped, and the central angle that the Internal and external cycle permanent magnet distributes is identical.
As preferably, the permanent magnet of described disk, inner ring permanent magnet sectional area relative outer ring permanent magnet sectional area is larger.
As preferably, the permanent magnet Internal and external cycle of described disk is made as a pair of, and whole disk distribution X is to permanent magnet, and X is the even number greater than 0.
As preferably, the permanent magnet of described disk is made as 16 pairs, 18 pairs or 20 pairs.
As preferably, described permanent magnet eddy current coupling also comprise be located at disk near the transmission connecting rod mechanism side every the magnetic copper coin.
As preferably, described permanent magnet eddy current coupling also comprises the fin of the metal dish both sides of being located at cage construction.
Operation principle:
When power shaft drives the metal dish rotation, the disk that connects output shaft rotates relative to metal dish, all produce current vortex on two metal dish, make disk and output shaft rotation and then transmitting torque, by adjusting disk and metal dish gap, increase with the gap smaller transmitting torque, speed discrepancy reduces, it is large that the gap becomes, and speed discrepancy increases, and realizes infinitely variable speeds.
On disk, total positive even numbers is divided into inside and outside two circles to permanent magnet, is uniformly distributed on disk cartridge along the disk circumferencial direction, and permanent magnet is evenly distributed with that to be beneficial to disk stressed identical on all directions, and the vibration of generation is less.Extremely all along the axial distribution of disk, Internal and external cycle is opposite each other with the two adjacent permanent magnet N utmost points, the S utmost point that are all inner ring or outer ring for the N utmost point of each permanent magnet, S, and inner ring permanent magnet sectional area is larger, and outer ring permanent magnet sectional area is less.The Internal and external cycle permanent magnet is all fan-shaped, can reduce the magnetic resistance of metal between the permanent magnet body, increases the current vortex intensity that induction produces, and increases power and the torque of transmitting.
The action principle of permanent magnet eddy current coupling is that on metal dish, the variation of magnetic flux causes producing current vortex, only has the individual pen permanent magnet on the disk of existing disc type permanent magnet eddy current coupling, its magnetic flux density leaks the large percentage in radial direction, and the effective magnetic flux density that causes the metal dish axial direction to be subject to is not high.Being divided into the Internal and external cycle permanent magnet can be so that the inner ring permanent magnet leaks less at the induction of radial direction, and outer ring permanent magnet volume less, compare with the individual pen permanent magnet and can reduce the permanent magnet leakage at the magnetic flux density of disk radial, useful flux metric density on the metal dish of increase cage construction, produce larger current vortex intensity, and then increase power and the torque of transmitting, reduce the angle of retard between disk and metal dish.Can change faster the rotating speed of output when the input rotation speed change, in time transmit the torque that changes, reduce the living heat on metal dish, improve the transmission efficiency of permanent magnet eddy current coupling and improved its time-lag effect.
Beneficial effect: the present invention provides the technical scheme of feasible core to present permanent magnet eddy current coupling, time-lag effect is little, transmission efficiency is high, give birth to heat little, be fit to be applied to occasion that adjusting speed accuracy is had higher requirements, and inventive principle is clear, device is simple, can be applicable to industrial production, satisfies association area to the product needed of permanent magnet eddy current coupling with this.
Description of drawings
By reference to the accompanying drawings, the other features and advantages of the invention can become clearer from the explanation of the preferred implementation that principle of the present invention made an explanation below by giving an example.
Fig. 1 is the two dimension assembling schematic diagram of a kind of execution mode of the less permanent magnet eddy current coupling of a kind of disc type time-lag effect of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the distribution schematic diagram of permanent magnet on the disk of disc type permanent magnet eddy current coupling of prior art;
Fig. 3 is the end view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is Distribution of Magnetic Field schematic diagram between the permanent magnet of a circle permanent magnet on the disk of disc type permanent magnet eddy current coupling of prior art;
Fig. 5 is along the Distribution of Magnetic Field schematic diagram of disk radial on the disk of disc type permanent magnet eddy current coupling of prior art;
Fig. 6 is the distribution schematic diagram of permanent magnet on disk in a kind of execution mode of the less permanent magnet eddy current coupling of a kind of disc type time-lag effect of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the end view of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 be in a kind of execution mode of the less permanent magnet eddy current coupling of a kind of disc type time-lag effect of the present invention on disk permanent magnet along the Distribution of Magnetic Field schematic diagram of disk radial.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of disc type permanent magnet eddy current coupling, comprise the power shaft 5 that is connected with motor output shaft, the output shaft 9 that is connected with bearing axle, discoidal metal dish 2, discoidal disk 6, transmission connecting rod mechanism 3, be located at disk 6 near transmission connecting rod mechanism 3 sides every magnetic copper coin 1, be located at the fin 4 of metal dish 2 both sides of cage construction.Wherein metal dish and disk are centered by the axis 8 of transmission connecting rod mechanism 3, mirror image is arranged symmetrically with, two metal dish adopt steel plate outward and are fixedly attached to together, form a cage construction, power shaft 5 is connected with the metal dish center, the relative metal dish 2 of transmission connecting rod mechanism 3 band movable magnetic disc 6 are close or zoom out transverse shifting, and output shaft 9 is connected with disk 6 centers.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, on the disk of prior art, permanent magnet is that individual layer axially is embedded on disk, the N utmost point, S utmost point cycle arrangement, and the magnetic induction line of its generation is as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5.What Fig. 5 drew is the flux circuit that permanent magnet produces along the disk radial direction, because air and very large every the magnetic resistance of magnetic copper coin, so can not produce current vortex by the magnetic induction line of air and disk cartridge, the magnetic field energy of having wasted exactly, in Fig. 5, the magnetic field energy of waste is many.
As Fig. 6, shown in Figure 7, disk 6 of the present invention comprises disk cartridge and the permanent magnet of being located on disk cartridge, described permanent magnet is divided into inside and outside two circles and is uniformly distributed on disk cartridge, extremely all along the axial distribution of disk 6, Internal and external cycle is opposite each other with the N utmost point, the S utmost point that are all two adjacent permanent magnets of inner ring or outer ring for the N utmost point of permanent magnet, S.The Internal and external cycle permanent magnet of described disk is all fan-shaped, and the central angle that the Internal and external cycle permanent magnet distributes is identical.The permanent magnet of described disk, inner ring permanent magnet sectional area relative outer ring permanent magnet sectional area is larger.The permanent magnet Internal and external cycle of described disk is made as a pair of, and whole disk distribution X is to permanent magnet, and X is the even number greater than 0, and preferred permanent magnet is made as 16 pairs, 18 pairs or 20 pairs.
Figure 8 shows that the flux circuit that permanent magnet of the present invention produces along the disk radial direction, relatively can find out with Fig. 5, permanent magnet of the present invention has reduced by air with every the magnetic induction line of magnetic copper coin, only have the part magnetic induction line of outer ring can not produce current vortex, therefore power, torque and the power of disk transmission of the present invention are improved.
The permanent magnet eddy current coupling operation principle
The permanent magnet eddy current coupling power shaft is connected with motor output shaft, and the permanent magnet eddy current coupling output shaft is connected with bearing axle, by the rotating speed of permanent magnet eddy current coupling regulation output axle.Rotational speed regulation is to realize by the air gap that changes between metal dish and disk.By transmission connecting rod mechanism, adjust the distance of two disks and axis, disk only has relative translation with axis, does not exist to relatively rotate.It is large that the disk spacing becomes, and the spacing of disk and metal dish just diminishes, and can change rotating speed, torque and the power output of output shaft by regulating size of gaps.Inboard with every the magnetic copper coin for avoiding between disk magnetic field to interfere with each other at two disks.Mechanical fin is distributing outside metal dish.
Described disk is comprised of disk cartridge and permanent magnet, the even-even permanent magnet is divided into inside and outside two circle stationary distribution on disk cartridge, the N utmost point of permanent magnet, S are extremely all along the axial distribution of disk, Internal and external cycle is opposite each other with the two adjacent permanent magnet N utmost points, the S utmost point that are all inner ring or outer ring, inner ring permanent magnet sectional area is larger, and outer ring permanent magnet sectional area is less, reduces the permanent magnet leakage at the magnetic flux density of disk radial, increase generation current vortex intensity on disk, the Internal and external cycle permanent magnet is all fan-shaped.If the permanent magnet logarithm very little, variation rate of magnetic flux is just less, and the current vortex that produces on disk is just less, and carry-over moment is lower; If the permanent magnet logarithm is too many, between permanent magnet, the magnetic resistance of metal is larger so, and then the current vortex intensity that can reduce to produce.The moment of getting 16 pairs, 18 pairs or 20 pairs transmission through evidence permanent magnet logarithm is large, time-lag effect is less.
The permanent magnet eddy current coupling course of work is as follows: the synchronized rotation of power shaft and motor, and power shaft connection metal dish, the metal structure of cage type is rotated with motor synchronized.Adjust distance between two disks according to the power output of input power and expection, when disk was far away apart from the cage type metal structure of rotating, the current vortex that magnetic induction line produces on metal dish was little, thereby transmitting torque is little, and disk and output shaft rotating speed are low.When transmission connecting rod mechanism increased the spacing of disk and axis, the air gap between disk and metal dish reduced, and transmitting torque increases, and disk running speed increases.Axis is fixed on output shaft, horizontal direction is static, distance by transmission mechanism capable of regulating two disks and axis, reach the purpose of the magnetic gap of adjusting simultaneously two pairs of disks and metal dish, simultaneously due to magnetic eddy current transmitting torque, input torque is delivered on disk, axis is connected with output shaft, can change slip between output shaft and power shaft by gap length, and then according to torque and power requirement, adjust the rotating speed of output shaft.
Although described by reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skills can make various distortion or modification within the scope of the appended claims.