CN103107606A - Implanting type integrated magnetic coupling resonator wireless energy transfer method - Google Patents
Implanting type integrated magnetic coupling resonator wireless energy transfer method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103107606A CN103107606A CN2013100583922A CN201310058392A CN103107606A CN 103107606 A CN103107606 A CN 103107606A CN 2013100583922 A CN2013100583922 A CN 2013100583922A CN 201310058392 A CN201310058392 A CN 201310058392A CN 103107606 A CN103107606 A CN 103107606A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an implanting type integrated magnetic coupling resonator wireless energy transfer method. According to the implanting type integrated magnetic coupling resonator wireless energy transfer method, four coils are utilized for transferring energy, wherein two coils are arranged outside a human body, the other two coils are arranged inside the human body, the two coils outside the human body are realized through a printed circuit board (PCB) and are respectively an energy excitation coil and an energy transmitter coil, and the energy transmitter coil is connected with a driving voltage source. The two coils inside the human body are realized through an integrated circuit and are respectively an energy receiver coil and an energy recovery coil, wherein the energy recovery coil, a rectifying circuit realized by the integrated circuit inside the human body, and other functional circuits are integrated on a single chip. A capacitor is connected in parallel on each of four coil return circuits, and therefore the four coils are enabled to have the same resonance frequency. According to the implanting type integrated magnetic coupling resonator wireless energy transfer method, the two coils inside the human body are realized through the integrated circuit and can be integrated on the single chip with the rectifying circuit and the other functional circuits, and therefore an implanting type integrated magnetic coupling resonator occupies a smaller space and is suitable for being used in implanting type medical electronic devices, wherein the space requirements of the implanting type medical electronic devices are harsh.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the wireless power transmission field, be specifically related to magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission method, being used for receiving coil is the implantable medical electronic device that integrated circuit is realized.
Background technology
Implantable medical electronic device (Implantable Medical Device, IMD) use and experimental study at aspects such as cardiac pacemaker, artificial cochlea, artificial retina, nerve electric stimulation device, capsule endoscopes, more and more important to the effect of the aspects such as human body self and organism understanding in disease treatment, health monitoring, raising.
Traditional IMD power supply is adopted through the wired power supply of skin or powered battery, but brings misery and infection risk through the wired power supply of skin to patient, and the shortcomings such as the powered battery average life is short, volume large, easy leakage.Adopting the mode of wireless power transmission directly or indirectly (to battery or super capacitor charging) to the built-in type device power supply, is a kind of practical and have a method of better prospect.
In some implanteds is used, the IMD size is had very harsh requirement, need to be in ear in the space of 3-6mm as the artificial cochlea, artificial retina need to be in the otch of 5mm, brain-computer interface need to be on meninx the space of 1-3mm be implanted into etc.The coil that implanted in the past mostly uses complicated meticulous winding technology, and volume is difficult to too greatly the meeting spatial requirement.What in body, receiving coil received is alternating current, could be to other functional module power supplies in IMD through being rectified into direct voltage.Along with the development of integrated circuit, rectification circuit and other function module circuits can be realized being integrated on one chip with integrated circuit technology, compare discrete component and realize, take minimum space.Therefore, one of obstacle that in current restriction body, the IMD device size further dwindles is the coil that received energy is used.If coil and other circuit can be integrated on same silicon substrate, become fully integrated SOC (system on a chip), can further reduce size and cost, raising reliability.
According to the size of the ratio between transmission range and transmitted signal wavelengths, wireless power transmission can be divided into far field and near field transmission.The far field transmission comes transferring energy by electromagnetic mode, long transmission distance, but efficient is lower, and the high radiation of frequency is strong, is not suitable for using in built-in type device.What use was more at present is the near field transmission of inductance coupling high mode, and two coils of inside and outside are by the magnetic Field Coupling transferring energy.For raising the efficiency, two coils work in mode of resonance usually, the efficient of this moment
ηCan be expressed as
η=
k 2 Q p Q s/ (1+
k 2 Q p Q s), wherein
Q pWith
Q sBe respectively the quality factor of in vitro and in vivo coil place loop,
kBe two coil coupling coefficients.If receiving coil adopts integrated circuit to realize, the Q value of receiving coil is very low, and coupling coefficient is also lower, causes the efficiency of transmission of system lower, and unnecessary energy consumption damages human body in tissue and surrounding environment.
2007, the researcher of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology delivered a kind of efficient electric energy transmission means near field---magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission of suitable middle distance on Science.Here " middle distance " refers to that coil-span is from close to coil dimension or times over the distance of coil dimension.Be integrated circuit when realizing at receiving coil, the size of receiving coil is less, and the distance between the coil of inside and outside can be thought " middle distance ", therefore is fit to adopt the magnetic coupling resonance manner to improve efficiency of transmission.Both at home and abroad the magnetic coupling resonance manner is studied, but mostly uses for large-size, relatively high power.Magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission mode in using for implanted is not that the situation that integrated circuit is realized is analyzed and realizes to receiving coil.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve receiving coil size restrictions and the not high problem of energy transmission efficiency in implantable medical electronic device wireless power transmission, the invention provides a kind of method that adopts integrated circuit to realize the magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission of receiving coil, not only can realize more small coil size, and can reach the higher-energy efficiency of transmission.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: based on the magnetic coupling resonance principle, adopt four coils to carry out Energy Transfer, wherein two coils are placed in externally, and two coils are placed in body.Two external coils adopt printed circuit board (Printed Circuit Board, PCB) to realize, are called energy excitation coil and energy transmitting coil.Wherein the energy transmitting coil connects the driving voltage source, and the driving voltage source can be an alternating-current voltage source, can be also an E class A amplifier A.Two coils in body adopt integrated circuit to realize, are called energy receiving coil and energy recovery coil.Rectification circuit and other functional circuits wherein realized with integrated circuit in energy recovery coil and body are integrated on one chip.The electric capacity of all connecting separately on four wire loops makes the resonance frequency of four coils identical.
Describedly be placed in two external coils and can be printed on respectively on two pcb boards, also can be printed on the different layers of a pcb board, or print on the same layer of a pcb board.For improving two coupling coefficients between coil, two coils should be tried one's best side by side.
Described two coils that are placed in body can design respectively on different metal levels with integrated circuit technology, also can be in design on same metal level.For improving two coupling coefficients between coil, two coils should be tried one's best side by side.
Describedly be placed in two external electric capacity that wire loop connects and can realize with discrete component, two electric capacity that wire loop connects that are placed in body can be realized with small discretes, also available integrated circuit realization.
The present invention has following advantage:
(1) two coils in body adopt integrated circuits to realize, can be integrated on single-chip with rectification circuit and other functional circuits, have less space, are adapted at using in the implantable medical electronic device of space requirement harshness.
(2) adopt magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission mode, have higher efficiency of transmission than traditional inductance coupling high mode, less by the power of tissue and environment absorption when identical received power, reduced the radiation damage to human body.
(3) two external coils adopt the PCB circuit board to realize, than traditional coiling, are more suitable for standardization and mass and use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structured flowchart of the present invention.
In figure: 1. be placed in external energy emitter, 2. be integrated in energy reception, rectification and other functional circuit devices on same chip in the implantable medical electronic device, 1-1. driving voltage source, 1-2. energy electric capacity that excitation coil connects, 1-3. energy excitation coil, 1-4. energy transmitting coil, 1-5. energy electric capacity that transmitting coil connects, 2-1. energy electric capacity that receiving coil connects, 2-2. energy receiving coil, 2-3. the energy recovery coil, 2-4. energy electric capacity that recovery coil connects, 2-5. rectification and other functional circuits.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes energy emitter 1 and energy receiving system 2.
Described energy emitter 1 comprises, power generation circuit is driving voltage source 1-1, energy excitation coil 1-3 and the electric capacity 1-2 that connects thereof, energy transmitting coil 1-4 and the electric capacity 1-5 that connects thereof.Described power generation circuit 1-1 adopts conventional E class A amplifier A to realize, has lower output impedance, and is less on the quality factor impact in energy excitation coil loop.Described energy excitation coil 1-3 and energy transmitting coil 1-4 are printed on respectively the two sides of same pcb board, and shape is identical and parallel, and the thickness of pcb board is as far as possible thin when making, and the coupling coefficient between such two coils is larger.
Described energy receiving system 2 comprises energy receiving coil 2-2 and the electric capacity 2-1 that connects thereof, energy recovery coil 2-3 and the electric capacity 2-4 that connects thereof, and rectification and other functional circuits 2-5 are integrated on same chip, adopt CMOS technique to realize.Described energy receiving coil 2-2 realizes with the superiors' metal, and energy recovery coil 2-3 with following other which floor metal realizes, and with following which floor parallel connection of metals, with the raising quality factor.Energy receiving coil 2-2 is identical and parallel with energy recovery coil 2-3 shape, and the coupling coefficient between such two coils is larger.Energy receiving system 2 is owing to adopting integrated circuit to be integrated on same chip, compare when adopting winding method to realize energy receiving coil 2-2 and energy recovery coil 2-3, have less volume, be adapted at using in the implantable medical electronic device of space requirement harshness.
Described energy excitation coil 1-3, energy transmitting coil 1-4, energy receiving coil 2-2, energy recovery coil 2-3 connect the resonance frequency that electric capacity forms with it
fIdentical, the signal frequency that power generation circuit produces is also
fHere resonance frequency is designed to ISM(Industrial, Scientific and Medical) 13.56MHz in frequency range.US Federal Communication Committee, IEEE are about the standard of electromagnetic radiation on the human body impact on the one hand, and the international Non-ionizing radiation protection committee etc. all points out, along with the absorption of frequency increase human body to electromagnetic field will increase, tissue is less to the S. E. A. below the 20MHz frequency, and it is following safer that built-in type device is generally operational in 20MHz; On the other hand, the rectification circuit that connects after energy recovery coil operating efficiency under too high frequency is lower.
The energy excitation coil 1-3 and the energy transmitting coil 1-4 that adopt PCB to realize, the quality factor in their loops, place can reach 100.The energy receiving coil 2-2 and the energy recovery coil 2-3 that adopt integrated circuit to realize, the quality factor in their loops, place are lower.The quality factor in loop, energy receiving coil 2-2 place can reach 2, and the quality factor in loop, energy recovery coil 2-3 place changes with connecing load (being rectification circuit etc.), can reach 0.1-1.
Coupling coefficient between energy excitation coil 1-3 and energy transmitting coil 1-4, and the coupling coefficient between energy receiving coil 2-2 and energy recovery coil 2-3 is higher reaches 0.7.And be placed in two external coils and be placed between two coils in body because distant and size differ larger, only can reach 0.05 left and right.
Traditional inductance coupling high mode is equivalent to remove energy transmitting coil 1-4 and energy receiving coil 2-2 on the basis of Fig. 1.The present invention and traditional inductance coupling high mode can be carried out the comparison of efficiency of transmission.The parameter of system is as follows: the quality factor in energy excitation coil 1-3 and loop, energy transmitting coil 1-4 place is 100, the quality factor in loop, energy receiving coil 2-2 place is 2, the quality factor in loop, energy recovery coil 2-3 place is 0.1, the coupling coefficient of energy excitation coil 1-3 and energy transmitting coil 1-4 is 0.7, coupling coefficient between energy receiving coil 2-2 and energy recovery coil 2-3 is 0.7, and other coupling coefficients between coil are all 0.05.At this moment, adopt the present invention to carry out the efficient that wireless power transmission reaches and be about 4%, only be about 0.02% and adopt traditional inductance coupled modes to reach efficient.If in above-mentioned parameter, the quality factor in loop, energy recovery coil 2-3 place changes 1 into, at this moment, adopt the present invention to carry out the efficient that wireless power transmission reaches and be about 13%, only be about 0.2% and adopt traditional inductance coupled modes to reach efficient.
Claims (7)
1. the integrated magnetic coupling resonance of implanted wireless energy transfer method, it is characterized in that: the method adopts four coils to carry out Energy Transfer based on the magnetic coupling resonance principle, and wherein two coils are placed in externally, and two coils are placed in body; External two coils adopt printed circuit boards to realize, are called energy excitation coil and energy transmitting coil, and wherein the energy transmitting coil connects the driving voltage source; Two coils in body adopt integrated circuit to realize, are called energy receiving coil and energy recovery coil, and rectification circuit and other functional circuits wherein realized with integrated circuit in energy recovery coil and body are integrated on one chip; The electric capacity of all connecting separately on four wire loops makes the resonance frequency of four coils identical.
2. the integrated magnetic coupling resonance of implanted according to claim 1 wireless energy transfer method is characterized in that: described driving voltage source is alternating-current voltage source or E class A amplifier A.
3. the integrated magnetic coupling resonance of implanted according to claim 1 wireless energy transfer method, it is characterized in that: describedly be placed in two external coils and be printed on respectively on two printed circuit boards, or be printed on the different layers of a printed circuit board, or be printed on the same layer of a printed circuit board.
4. the integrated magnetic coupling resonance of implanted according to claim 3 wireless energy transfer method is characterized in that: describedly be placed in two external coils and be arranged side by side.
5. the integrated magnetic coupling resonance of implanted according to claim 1 wireless energy transfer method is characterized in that: described two coils that are placed in body design respectively on different metal levels with integrated circuit technology, or design is on same metal level.
6. the integrated magnetic coupling resonance of implanted according to claim 5 wireless energy transfer method is characterized in that: described two coils that are placed in body are arranged side by side.
7. the integrated magnetic coupling resonance of implanted according to claim 1 wireless energy transfer method, it is characterized in that: describedly be placed in two external electric capacity that wire loop connects and realize with discrete component, two electric capacity that wire loop connects that are placed in body are realized with small discretes, or are realized with integrated circuit.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104158237A (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2014-11-19 | 中国海洋大学 | Cardiac pacemaker wireless charging method and apparatus based on magnetic resonance |
| CN105596118A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2016-05-25 | 奥迪康医疗有限公司 | Coil assembly in an implantable medical device |
| CN111398724A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-07-10 | 杭州电子科技大学温州研究院有限公司 | Detection method of implanted integrated coil for wireless power supply |
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| WO2007146908A1 (en) * | 2006-06-13 | 2007-12-21 | Med-El Elektromedizinische Geraete Gmbh | Cochlear implant power system and methodology |
| CN201717673U (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2011-01-19 | 华南理工大学 | Wireless energy transmitter loading wireless control signal |
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2013
- 2013-02-25 CN CN2013100583922A patent/CN103107606A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2007146908A1 (en) * | 2006-06-13 | 2007-12-21 | Med-El Elektromedizinische Geraete Gmbh | Cochlear implant power system and methodology |
| CN201717673U (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2011-01-19 | 华南理工大学 | Wireless energy transmitter loading wireless control signal |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 赵军等: "磁耦合谐振无线能量传输系统头部植入线圈对人体头部电磁辐射影响的研究", 《中国生物医学工程学报》, vol. 31, no. 5, 31 October 2012 (2012-10-31), pages 649 - 654 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104158237A (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2014-11-19 | 中国海洋大学 | Cardiac pacemaker wireless charging method and apparatus based on magnetic resonance |
| CN104158237B (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2017-02-08 | 中国海洋大学 | Cardiac pacemaker wireless charging method and apparatus based on magnetic resonance |
| CN105596118A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2016-05-25 | 奥迪康医疗有限公司 | Coil assembly in an implantable medical device |
| CN105596118B (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2020-11-06 | 奥迪康医疗有限公司 | Coil assembly in an implantable medical device |
| CN111398724A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-07-10 | 杭州电子科技大学温州研究院有限公司 | Detection method of implanted integrated coil for wireless power supply |
| CN111398724B (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2021-12-21 | 杭州电子科技大学温州研究院有限公司 | Detection method of implanted integrated coil for wireless power supply |
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Application publication date: 20130515 |