CN103106929A - Improved annular fuel element of supercritical water reactor and fuel component consisting of fuel element - Google Patents
Improved annular fuel element of supercritical water reactor and fuel component consisting of fuel element Download PDFInfo
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- CN103106929A CN103106929A CN2013100430024A CN201310043002A CN103106929A CN 103106929 A CN103106929 A CN 103106929A CN 2013100430024 A CN2013100430024 A CN 2013100430024A CN 201310043002 A CN201310043002 A CN 201310043002A CN 103106929 A CN103106929 A CN 103106929A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The invention discloses an improved annular fuel element of a supercritical water reactor and a fuel component consisting of the fuel element. The improved annular fuel element comprises an inner wrapping shell and an outer wrapping shell coaxial with the inner wrapping shell, wherein granular fuel is filled between the inner wrapping shell and the outer wrapping shell; and a heat isolation coating layer is also arranged between the granular fuel and the inner wrapping shell. The fuel component consists of the annular fuel element, an upper heat isolation plate, a lower heat isolation plate, an upper flow guide plate and a lower flow guide plate which are matched with one another; a moderator on the inner side of the annular element and a coolant which is arranged on the outer side and flows in an opposite direction can be effectively shunted; no special control stick guide pipe is arranged in the component, so that the structural design of the component is simplified, the using amount of structural materials is reduced, and the economical property is improved; the advantages of uniformity in moderation of the annular fuel element, heat transmission on both sides, low fuel temperature and the like are fully developed; the engineering application feasibility is greatly improved; and therefore, the supercritical water reactor with relatively high economical property and safety can be designed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fuel assembly for nuclear reactor, specifically a kind of modified annular fuel element of supercritical water reactor and fuel assembly of formation thereof of being applicable to.
Background technology
The supercritical water reactor component design need to solve two key technical problems: reduce fuel pellet and clad temperature; Make fuel element obtain slowing down adequately and uniformly, adopt the supercritical water pile component scheme of excellent element design, by introducing double-flow and water rod designing technique, the problems referred to above have been solved to a certain extent, but the core structure design complexities significantly increases, the engineering realizability significantly reduces, thereby adopting more simple structure to address the above problem is the key technical problem that needs to be resolved hurrily in supercritical water reactor design both at home and abroad at present.
Ring-type element is the high performance fuel element of new generation of developing for light water reactor in the world, and it is interior involucrum, inboard air gap, fuel pellet, outside air gap, outer envelope from inside to outside successively; Compare with rod shaped fuel element, the advantage of ring-type element is the both sides heat exchange, can derive heat rapidly, effectively reduces fuel can temperature, heat flow density and fuel temperature, reduces the burst size of radgas in fuel can.
If ring-type element is applied to supercritical water reactor, the technical matters that can avoid the supercritical water reactor component design to run into.The ring-type element inboard as the moderator passage, is flowed to as from top to bottom, and the outside is coolant channel, flows to as from bottom to top.Not introducing under " water rod " design conditions, still can make fuel element obtain abundant and even slowing down.Due to ring-type element both sides heat transfer, can appropriateness reduce coolant flow speed, even can not adopt the multipaths design.As can be seen from the above analysis, adopt ring-type element can effectively solve the key technical problem that runs in SCWR Core Design process, and do not introduce " water rod " and reach " multipaths " design, significantly simplify the designs of fuel assembly and core structure.At present, domestic units concerned are take external published annular fuel element as the basis, designed the supercritical water reactor scheme based on ring-type element, submitted to name to be called: a kind of annular fuel element and annular fuel supercritical water reactor, application number is: 201110273145.5 patented claim.
But still there is following key technical problem in this patent: can't guarantee that 1, the inboard moderator temperature of ring-type element is lower than setting value (being generally 380 ℃); 2, be not suitable for supercritical water reactor large scale ring-type element, and the feasibility that engineering is made is lower; 3, can not effectively realize the inner moderator of ring-type element and external coolant shunting.Existing light water reactor ring-type element and patent 201110273145.5 schemes all do not solve above-mentioned key technical problem, are difficult to be applied to supercritical water reactor yet.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the modified annular fuel element that is applied to supercritical water reactor and the fuel assembly of formation thereof, solve the problem that present annular fuel element can't be applicable to supercritical reactor.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The modified annular fuel element of the supercritical water reactor that the present invention proposes, comprise interior involucrum and with the outer envelope of interior involucrum coaxial package, be filled with granular fuel between interior involucrum and outer envelope, also be provided with one deck heat insulating coat between granular fuel and interior involucrum.The present invention adopts UO
2Granular fuel, replace large and the large scale Annular pellet that can't effective location of manufacture difficulty, be filled to the confined space that interior outer envelope and up and down end plug consist of, contact with interior outer envelope, up and down end plug, under various operating modes, its state is all more stable, is beneficial to very much to control fuel by the heat conduction amount of inside and outside involucrum; By changing the thickness of interior involucrum heat insulating coat, the coefficient of heat conductivity of involucrum in adjusting, thus accurately control fuel by the heat conduction amount of interior involucrum to moderator, guarantee that the outlet temperature of inboard moderator is lower than 380 ℃; By adjusting the granular fuel fraction void, in order to change the fission gas saturation; Modified annular fuel element of the present invention, compare with existing annular fuel element, its physical dimension significantly increases (external diameter ~ 30cm), interior involucrum is long, outer envelope is short and special-shaped end plug Seal Design scheme thereby can adopt, match with thermal insulation board, lower thermal insulation board, baffle upper plate, chin spoiler on assembly again, effective shunting that realizes the inboard moderator of ring-type element incorgruous mobile outside cooling medium with it.
Described heat insulating coat is zirconia.
The length of described interior involucrum is equipped with sealing-plug greater than the length of outer envelope between the end openings of interior involucrum and outer envelope.
Described sealing-plug have a circular conical surface.Employing has the sealing-plug of circular conical surface structure, and the major diameter end face of sealing-plug is connected with the outer envelope end face, then shrinks gradually, not only efficiently solves the sealing problem of ring-type element, and adopts UO
2Granular fuel, replace large and the large scale Annular pellet that can't effective location of manufacture difficulty, be filled to the confined space that interior outer envelope and up and down end plug consist of, contact with interior outer envelope, up and down end plug, under various operating modes, its state is all more stable, is beneficial to very much to control fuel by the heat conduction amount of inside and outside involucrum.By changing interior involucrum heat insulating coat thickness, involucrum coefficient of heat conductivity in adjusting, thus accurately control fuel by the heat conduction amount of interior involucrum to moderator, guarantee that the outlet temperature of inboard moderator is lower than 380 ℃; The two ends outside dimension of ring-type element is obviously reduced, for the cross flow of cooling medium in reactor core top and bottom provides larger circulation area.
Outside surface at described outer envelope is provided with a rib that protrudes from the outer envelope outside surface at least, and described rib evenly distributes on the axial side wall of outer envelope in the shape of a spiral.The rib that the outside surface of outer envelope arranges is used for the radial location between element, compares more reliable with other locator meamss; By the structure of reasonable Arrangement rib, can reduce to greatest extent the flow path resistance of cooling medium.
Described rib and outer envelope are structure as a whole.
The xsect of described rib is rectangular or trapezoidal.The xsect of rib is rectangular or trapezoidal, and making the contact between rib is the face contact, has strengthened rib abrasion-resistant erosion performance, as simple replacement, can be also other geometric configuration.
supercritical water reactor modified annular fuel assembly, comprise assembly housing, upper at assembly housing, lower port is separately installed with baffle upper plate, chin spoiler, the modified annular fuel element of above-mentioned supercritical water reactor is installed between baffle upper plate and chin spoiler, upper port and lower port at the modified annular fuel element of supercritical water reactor are respectively arranged with thermal insulation board, lower thermal insulation board, form the upper shunting chamber of sealing between baffle upper plate and upper thermal insulation board, form the lower shunting chamber of sealing between chin spoiler and lower thermal insulation board, be provided with the moderator entrance cavity above upper thermal insulation board, be provided with the moderator outlet plenum below lower thermal insulation board, the inside moderator passage of the modified annular fuel element of described supercritical water reactor is communicated with the moderator entrance cavity with the moderator outlet plenum.The present invention has formed upper shunting chamber by baffle upper plate and upper thermal insulation board, and upper shunting chamber is by through hole and assembly housing internal communication, and top moderator and cooling medium shunting have been realized in upper shunting chamber; Formed time the shunting chamber by chin spoiler and lower thermal insulation board, realized the shunting of bottom moderator and cooling medium, lower shunting chamber is by through hole and assembly housing internal communication; In upper shunting chamber, the lateral opening hole in lower shunting chamber, realize inflow and the outflow of cooling medium, simplified the modular construction design; During use, moderator enters the moderator entrance cavity, then flows from top to bottom along the inside of annular fuel element moderator passage, and flows out from the moderator outlet plenum; Simultaneously cooling medium enters lower shunting chamber from the opening of lower shunting chamber sidewall, then enter in assembly housing by through hole, move from bottom to top in the outside at the annular fuel element, its flow direction and moderator opposite direction, enter upper shunting chamber from through hole again, flow out from the perforate of upper shunting chamber sidewall at last, realize the circulation of cooling medium.The modified of the present invention fuel assembly that reloads is made of the on all four modified annular fuel of a plurality of physical dimensions element, adopts the tight lattice arrangement; In ring-type element, involucrum can insert control rod, without the special-purpose guide pipe of control rod, reduces the structured material use amount in assembly.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and beneficial effect:
The modified annular fuel element of 1 supercritical water reactor of the present invention, adopt granular fuel to replace the large scale annular fuel pellet, be filled to the confined space that interior outer envelope and up and down end plug consist of, contact with interior outer envelope, up and down end plug, under various operating modes, its state is all more stable, has significantly improved the ring-type element engineering and has made feasibility; By adjusting the fraction void of granular fuel, can more effectively hold fission gas simultaneously; Apply heat insulating coat at interior involucrum outside surface, change its coefficient of heat conductivity, can more accurately control fuel to the heat conduction amount of moderator and cooling medium, in guaranteeing, the interior moderator temperature of cladding tubes is lower than setting value;
The modified annular fuel element of 2 supercritical water reactors of the present invention, the sealing-plug with circular conical surface structure is adopted at the two ends, up and down, the major diameter end face is connected with the end face of outer envelope, then shrink gradually, not only efficiently solve the sealing of ring-type element, the two ends outside dimension of ring-type element is obviously reduced, for the cross flow of cooling medium at reactor core bottom and top provides larger circulation area;
The modified annular fuel element of 3 supercritical water reactors of the present invention, its outer envelope and rib have adopted integrative-structure, compare more reliable with respect to other locator meamss such as metal wrapping wires, structural design is simpler, by number and the anglec of rotation of reasonable Arrangement rib, can reduce to greatest extent the flow path resistance of cooling medium;
4 supercritical water reactor modified annular fuel assemblies of the present invention have formed upper shunting chamber by baffle upper plate and upper thermal insulation board, and upper shunting chamber is by through hole and assembly housing internal communication, and top moderator and cooling medium shunting have been realized in upper shunting chamber; Formed time the shunting chamber by chin spoiler and lower thermal insulation board, realized the shunting of bottom moderator and cooling medium, lower shunting chamber is by through hole and assembly housing internal communication; In upper shunting chamber, the lateral opening hole in lower shunting chamber, realize inflow and the outflow of cooling medium, simplified the modular construction design; During use, moderator enters the moderator entrance cavity, then flows from top to bottom along the inside of annular fuel element moderator passage, and flows out from the moderator outlet plenum; Cooling medium enters lower shunting chamber from the opening of lower shunting chamber sidewall, then enter in assembly housing by through hole, move from bottom to top in the outside at the annular fuel element, its flow direction and moderator opposite direction, enter upper shunting chamber from through hole again, from upper shunting chamber side-wall hole outflow, realize the circulation of cooling medium at last;
5 supercritical water reactor modified annular fuel assemblies of the present invention, the fuel element physical dimension of employing is in full accord, and in element, involucrum can insert control rod, assembly is interior without special-purpose control rod guide pipe, not only simplify the structural design of assembly, also reduced the structure materials'use, improved economy;
6 supercritical water reactor modified annular fuel assemblies of the present invention, solved the key technical problem of annular fuel element application in Supercritical-Pressure Light Water Cooled Reactor, adopt simple structural design to realize that the shunting of special-shaped mobile moderator and cooling medium, moderator outlet temperature are lower than setting value, can give full play to the advantages such as annular fuel element slowing down is even, both sides heat transfer, low fuel temperature, significantly improve the engineering application feasibility, thereby can design economy and the higher Supercritical-Pressure Light Water Cooled Reactor of security.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that fuel element of the present invention partly cuts open structural representation;
Fig. 2 be in Fig. 1 of the present invention A-A to the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is outer envelope structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is annular fuel modular construction schematic diagram of the present invention.
Mark and corresponding parts title in accompanying drawing:
Involucrum in 1-, 2-outer envelope, 3-granular fuel, 4-heat insulating coat, 5-sealing-plug, 6-rib, the 7-assembly housing, 8-baffle upper plate, 9-chin spoiler, the upper thermal insulation board of 10-, thermal insulation board under 11-, the chamber is shunted under 13-in the upper shunting of 12-chamber, 14-moderator entrance cavity, 15-moderator outlet plenum, 16-through hole.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the modified annular fuel element of supercritical water reactor of the present invention, comprise interior involucrum 1 and with the outer envelope 2 of interior involucrum 1 coaxial package, be filled with UO between interior involucrum 1 and outer envelope 2
2 Granular fuel 3 is at UO
2Also be provided with one deck heat insulating coat 4 between granular fuel 3 and interior involucrum 1; The external diameter of outer envelope 2 is 32.4mm, and interior involucrum 1 is 0.57mm, UO with the thickness of outer envelope 2
2The thickness in granular fuel district is 2.5mm, and heat insulating coat 4 thickness are 0.16mm, and the internal diameter of interior involucrum 1 is 24.8mm.Outer envelope 2 and interior involucrum 1 material selection stainless steel 310S, heat insulating coat 4 is selected zirconia.
supercritical water reactor modified annular fuel assembly of the present invention, comprise assembly housing 7, assembly housing 7 materials are 310S, thickness is 1.5mm, assembly is comprised of 61 modified annular fuel elements, be triangularly arranged, in order to improve coolant flow speed, the employing tight lattice is arranged, upper at assembly housing 7, lower port is separately installed with baffle upper plate 8, chin spoiler 9, upper port and lower port at the modified annular fuel element of supercritical water reactor are respectively arranged with thermal insulation board 10, lower thermal insulation board 11, form the upper shunting chamber 12 of sealing between baffle upper plate 8 and upper thermal insulation board 10, form the lower shunting chamber 13 of sealing between chin spoiler 9 and lower thermal insulation board 11, be provided with moderator entrance cavity 14 above upper thermal insulation board 10, be provided with moderator outlet plenum 15 below lower thermal insulation board 11, the inside moderator passage of modified annular fuel element is communicated with moderator entrance cavity 14 with moderator outlet plenum 15, all facility has through hole 16 on baffle upper plate 8 and chin spoiler 9.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, and any simple modification, the equivalent variations on every foundation technical spirit of the present invention, above embodiment done are within all falling into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the modified annular fuel element of supercritical water reactor, comprise interior involucrum (1) and with the outer envelope (2) of interior involucrum (1) coaxial package, it is characterized in that: be filled with granular fuel (3) between interior involucrum (1) and outer envelope (2), also be provided with one deck heat insulating coat (4) between granular fuel (3) and interior involucrum (1).
2. the modified annular fuel element of supercritical water reactor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described heat insulating coat (4) is zirconia.
3. the modified annular fuel element of supercritical water reactor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the length of described interior involucrum (1) is equipped with sealing-plug (5) greater than the length of outer envelope (2) between the end openings of interior involucrum (1) and outer envelope (2).
4. the modified annular fuel element of supercritical water reactor according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described sealing-plug (5) have a circular conical surface.
5. the modified annular fuel element of the described supercritical water reactor of any one according to claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: the outside surface at described outer envelope (2) is provided with a rib (6) that protrudes from outer envelope (2) outside surface at least, and described rib (6) evenly distributes on the axial side wall of outer envelope (2) in the shape of a spiral.
6. the modified annular fuel element of supercritical water reactor according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described rib (6) is structure as a whole with outer envelope (2).
7. the modified annular fuel element of supercritical water reactor according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the xsect of described rib (6) is rectangular or trapezoidal.
8. supercritical water reactor modified annular fuel assembly, comprise assembly housing (7), upper at assembly housing (7), lower port is separately installed with baffle upper plate (8), chin spoiler (9), it is characterized in that: the modified annular fuel element that above-mentioned supercritical water reactor is installed between baffle upper plate (8) and chin spoiler (9), upper port and lower port at the modified annular fuel element of supercritical water reactor are respectively arranged with thermal insulation board (10), lower thermal insulation board (11), form the upper shunting chamber (12) of sealing between baffle upper plate (8) and upper thermal insulation board (10), form the lower shunting chamber (13) of sealing between chin spoiler (9) and lower thermal insulation board (11), be provided with moderator entrance cavity (14) above upper thermal insulation board (10), be provided with moderator outlet plenum (15) below lower thermal insulation board (11), the inside moderator passage of the modified annular fuel element of described supercritical water reactor is communicated with moderator entrance cavity (14) with moderator outlet plenum (15).
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Cited By (11)
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| CN105390166A (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2016-03-09 | 韩国原子力研究院 | dual cooling nuclear fuel rod with tolerance for the loss of a coolant accident |
| CN106448750A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-02-22 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Embedded type double-process supercritical water reactor fuel assembly |
| EP3076397A4 (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2017-04-12 | Joint Stock Company "Akme-Engineering" | Fuel rod cladding, fuel rod and fuel assembly |
| CN106601311A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-04-26 | 华北电力大学 | Nuclear fuel element |
| CN109211966A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2019-01-15 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of annular fuel hot-fluid separating experiment device and method |
| CN109935353A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-06-25 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | The anti-foreign matter component of fuel assembly and its bottom device and fuel assembly |
| CN110827999A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-02-21 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Sleeve type fuel assembly and supercritical water-cooled reactor |
| CN110853772A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-02-28 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Single-flow supercritical water-cooled reactor based on square fuel assembly |
| CN112037950A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-12-04 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Fuel rod fission product release simulation device and use method thereof |
| CN112967579A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-06-15 | 深圳大学 | Experimental device for be used for studying annular fuel heat unbalance |
| CN115050488A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-13 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Fuel pipe for improving thermal performance, fuel sleeve structure and fuel assembly |
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Cited By (17)
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| EP3076397A4 (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2017-04-12 | Joint Stock Company "Akme-Engineering" | Fuel rod cladding, fuel rod and fuel assembly |
| CN105390166A (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2016-03-09 | 韩国原子力研究院 | dual cooling nuclear fuel rod with tolerance for the loss of a coolant accident |
| CN105390166B (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2017-08-22 | 韩国原子力研究院 | Double cold nuclear fuel rods of anti-cooling agent leakage accident |
| CN106448750A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-02-22 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Embedded type double-process supercritical water reactor fuel assembly |
| CN106448750B (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-10-13 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | A kind of Embedded Double flow supercritical water reactor fuel assembly |
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| CN106601311B (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2018-07-24 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of nuclear fuel element |
| CN109935353A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-06-25 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | The anti-foreign matter component of fuel assembly and its bottom device and fuel assembly |
| CN109211966A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2019-01-15 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of annular fuel hot-fluid separating experiment device and method |
| CN110827999A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-02-21 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Sleeve type fuel assembly and supercritical water-cooled reactor |
| CN110853772A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-02-28 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Single-flow supercritical water-cooled reactor based on square fuel assembly |
| CN110853772B (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2021-07-13 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Single-flow supercritical water-cooled reactor based on square fuel assembly |
| CN112037950A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-12-04 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Fuel rod fission product release simulation device and use method thereof |
| CN112037950B (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2022-02-11 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Fuel rod fission product release simulation device and use method thereof |
| CN112967579A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-06-15 | 深圳大学 | Experimental device for be used for studying annular fuel heat unbalance |
| CN112967579B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2022-05-03 | 深圳大学 | Experimental device for be used for studying annular fuel heat unbalance |
| CN115050488A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-13 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Fuel pipe for improving thermal performance, fuel sleeve structure and fuel assembly |
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