CN103106336B - A kind of based on Fibonacci method structure human comfort computing method - Google Patents
A kind of based on Fibonacci method structure human comfort computing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method building human comfort calculating based on Fibonacci method, wherein, disclose the very crux of domestic and international similar research in the past first, propose the concept of human body optimum reelability quality; And first Fibonacci method is introduced Medical Meteorological scientific domain, adopt the product of normal body temperature and Fibonacci method to obtain tropical optimal comfort sendible temperature value when season in midsummer, human body exposed full; Then carried out latitude effect, season and sea level elevation impact rationally correct; Finally construct the novel human body optimal comfort temperature computation formula being applicable to nationwide.This method is that the health effect of rational evaluation weather and change thereof provides important technical; For daily life, healthy trip, preventing diseasing preservation provides reference frame comparatively accurately, and be research weather environment change further and the relation of health, carry out healthy weather forecast service, the fast development promoting preventive medicine provides science and technology support.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Medical Meteorological health care technology field, the concept proposing " human body optimal comfort temperature " first and the scientific basis determined thereof, particularly relate to a kind of ingenious introducing of Fibonacci method and construct a whole set of more scientific rational human comfort computing method.
Background technology
Under the overall background of Global climate change, Extreme Weather-climate Events occurrence frequency increases, and the meteorological disasters such as such as high temperature heat wave, chilling injury have threatened the health of correlated crowd, so just there is scholar to propose the concept of " health of migratory bird formula ".Under this demand, reasonably evaluate one of urban climate comfort level study hotspot becoming climate change, be intended in time, carry out weather forecast and Medical Meteorology Forecast work accurately, for correlated crowd provides guide service.
In recent years, Minister of Public Health Chen Zhu drums in different occasions: " for the big country of 1,300,000,000 populations; the health problem of China masses can not be depended alone to have an injection to take medicine and solve; must emphasize to put prevention first ", the hygiene industry pattern of " China should from treatment of late stage to transformation of putting prevention first ".How does is adapting to by treatment that the main center of gravity to putting prevention first moves forward? how to prevent? prerequisite will have forecast exactly.Based on this, along with the raising day by day of people's living standard, to the enhancing increasingly that health concerns degree and " prevention of diseae " are realized, Medical Meteorology Forecast just arises at the historic moment, and wherein scientific and reasonable human comfort computing method are important foundations.
About the research of human comfort, existing precedent both at home and abroad.Each province and city (district) meteorological station also has the forecast experience of human comfort for locality and sendible temperature, various places calculate the method not yet unification of sendible temperature and Body Comfort Index, computing method form is different, and result is also different, even differs larger.And the criteria for classifying of the Body Comfort Index that different computing method are corresponding is different (National Meteorological Bureau is defined as 9 grades, also have 7 grades, 10 grades, 12 grades, 17 grades etc.) also.In Medical Meteorological field mainly for the purpose of the forecast of comfort level, its basis and key are the computing method of sendible temperature.Weather bureau of Beijing has started from 1997 to issue human comfort forecast, also has the more station of carrying out sendible temperature forecast, as Delingha (Zhang Zengwen etc., 2006), Lanzhou (Jia Haiyuan etc., 2010), Jiuquan (Shen Fu etc., 2001), Wuhan (Li Yuan etc., 2000), sunshine (Wang Fanqiang etc., 2003), Nanchang (Lei Guilian etc., 1999), Guangzhou (Wang Xinrui, Jing Yuanshu, 2005), Nanning (Dong Huiqing etc., 1999), Zhengzhou (Zheng Jinggang etc., 2005) and Shanghai (Wang Yuanfei, Shen Yu, 1998) etc., the method of experimental formula is all taked to carry out the Study and appliance of sendible temperature.Current widely used model mainly contains Beijing and two kinds, Shanghai (Tian Zhihui etc., 2008; Liu Mei etc., 2001).
(1) feature of existing main technical schemes:
1. apply general ride number form class seemingly, great majority all consider the comprehensive effect of gas epidemic disaster and wind speed:
K1=1.88T-0.55 (1.8T-26) (1-U)-3.2V
0.5+ 32 (Zhang Shuyu, 2002)
K2=1.8T-0.55 (1.8T-26) (1-U)-3.2V
0.5+ 32 (Lei Guilian etc., 1999)
CIHB=(1.8T+32)-0.55 (1-U) (1.8T-26)-3.2V
0.5(Yu Gengkang etc., 2011)
Kssd=1.8T-0.55 (1.8T-26) (1-U)-3.2V
1/2+ 32 (Xu Dongbei, waits 2003; Jia Haiyuan etc., 2010), wherein, K (or CIHB, Kssd), T, U, V represent ride number, temperature (DEG C), relative humidity (representing decimally), wind speed (m.s respectively
-1).Its corresponding comfort level divides as follows:
Table 1 ride number Kssd rank table
Table 2 China Meteorological Administration regulation comfort level nine grades of partitionings
2. Jiuquan adopts following sendible temperature computing formula (Shen Fu etc., 2000):
T≥30.0℃ Tt＝T+(U-50)/15-(V-2.0)/2+15.0/(TM-Tm)
10.1≤T≤29.9℃ Tt＝T+(U-50)/15-(V-2.0)/2
T≤10.0℃ Tt＝T-(U-50)/15-(V-2.0)/2
In above formula, Tt is sendible temperature, T is real-time temperature, TM is daily maximum temperature, Tm is daily minimal tcmperature, U is relative humidity, V is per day wind speed.
Table 3 sendible temperature rank table
3. Hubei meteorological personnel simulation obtains the computing formula following (Li Yuan etc., 2000) of sendible temperature:
In above formula: Tt is sendible temperature (DEG C), T is real-time temperature (DEG C); T
mfor daily maximum temperature (DEG C); Tm is daily minimal tcmperature (DEG C); U is relative humidity (%); V is per day wind speed (m/s).
Table 4 sendible temperature rank table
(2) deficiency of existing computing method
The experimental formula adopted calculates the method for Body Comfort Index and sendible temperature more at present, generally has following deficiency:
1. experiment shows: when temperature is suitable for, humidity is not too obvious on the impact of human body; When temperature is higher or lower, humidity has just become obvious enlarge-effect to the thermal equilibrium of human body and warmth sensation.And do not embody rightly in relevant human comfort calculates in this respect---moisture effect is just relevant to humidity self simply, and does not consider the synergistic effect under high temperature and low temperature condition.
2. usually only describe by a kind of simple linear relationship between sendible temperature and wind speed, think that wind speed effect and temperature height have nothing to do, this does not also conform to human body sense of reality.When usual temperature is suitable for, wind speed is also not too obvious on the impact of sendible temperature, and under low-temperature condition wind speed cooling or even increase cold effect highly significant.
3. human comfort computing method in the past, the defect of all various degrees in reasonable consideration latitude effect, the affecting of season and sea level elevation.In fact, due to the long-term adaptation of Human Physiology, the induction degree of different regions resident to temperature is discrepant.
4. subjective in sendible temperature computing method and experimental composition too many, the degree that objectifies is inadequate, and local or typical regional characters comparatively obviously, is unfavorable for applying in other area.
5. the method for human heat's balance model, although its theoretical consideration is more complete, the design of model is too complicated, and variable required in computing formula does not obtain by daily meteorological station observation station, is not easy to apply in day to day operation work.
6. the grade classification of comfort level lacks objective, rational physics or Physiological Bases, and have stronger subjectivity, number of levels is disunity also.
main contents of the present invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency of domestic and international similar research in the past, by the analysis and research that system is deep, have found its very crux, the impression of human body to environment temperature height that Here it is is not a simple dull linear relationship, same humidity and wind speed neither simple dull linear relationships on the impact of sendible temperature, but wherein there is a critical conditions.Based on this, the concept that the present invention proposes first " human body optimum reelability quality (critical value) ", first Fibonacci method is introduced Medical Meteorological field, and carry out latitude effect, season and sea level elevation impact rationally correct, so that " human body optimal comfort temperature is for separatrix; reasonably consider that the meteorologic factors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, quantity of precipitation are to the combined influence of sendible temperature, finally constructs the novel human body optimal comfort temperature computation method being applicable to nationwide (being also applicable to other area of world's same latitude band).
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method building human comfort calculating based on Fibonacci method, the optimal comfort temperature mathematic(al) representation of the method is:
Ts is " optimal comfort temperature ",
for latitude, M is month, and H is sea level elevation;
Correction term
to correct the impact of geographic latitude on optimal comfort temperature, namely latitude is higher, and the solar radiation that earth's surface receives is fewer, the result that Human Physiology adapts to for a long time, cause the optimal comfort temperature also corresponding reduction felt, therefore need suitably to be corrected according to latitude; Wherein, the torrid areas on the south the tropic of Cancer (23.5 ° of N) and to the north of the tropic of Capricorn (23.5 ° of S) does not need to correct;
Correction term | 0.3cos [15 ° × (M-1)] | corrected the impact of season on human body optimal comfort temperature, to adapt to the difference of Various Seasonal, usually in the comfortable optimum temperature of warm season human body sensory slightly higher than cold season;
Correction term 2.0 × tan (H/100) corrected sea level elevation be greater than and equal 500 meters area owing to raising along with sea level elevation, Human Physiology adapts to the phenomenon that shown optimal comfort sendible temperature reduces for a long time;
Based on above-mentioned human body optimal comfort temperature computation formula, concrete sendible temperature computational mathematics expression formula is:
As Ta >=Ts
Tg＝Ta+A{exp[0.05(Ta-Ts)(RH-RHs)]-1}-0.03(Ta-Ts)V
(2)
As Ta < Ts
Tg＝Ta-A{exp[0.013(Ts-Ta)(RH-RHs)]-1}-0.01(Ts-Ta)V
(3)
Coefficient A=36.75 × (1-0.618) ≈ 14
In above two formulas, Tg is sendible temperature, and Ta is temperature on average, and Ts is optimal comfort temperature (see formula (1)); V is mean wind speed; RH is relative humidity, and RHs is the suitableeest relative humidity, wherein, during without precipitation, and RHs=0.5; When having precipitation, RHs=0.618;
Human comfort grade classification foundation: first calculate based on the daily mean sendible temperature in all parts of the country of gained according to above-mentioned three formulas, is divided into 11 comfort level the whole year; Then according to the daily mean sendible temperature value of each meteorological station in the whole nation calculated, corresponding comfort level is found; Wherein in table 5, Dt=22.7-Ts represents the actual best body sense comfort temperature in somewhere and the deviation of theory best body sense comfort temperature value.
Further, the method determines that healthy exposure of person feels that the ambient temperature value of the most comfortable is 22.7=36.75 × 0.618, and according to actual geographic latitude and the height above sea level of locality and suitably correct residing season.
Further, formula (2) with best body sense comfort temperature value for separatrix, when environment temperature is higher than local optimal comfort temperature, sendible temperature Tg is directly proportional to temperature on average Ta, and the synergistic effect of humidity exponentially increases with the rising of temperature, exp [0.05 (Ta-Ts) (RH-RHs)] represents that temperature is higher, when actual humidity higher than during the most comfortable humidity it to sendible temperature the synergistic effect that rises larger, the truly feels of this and human body are very identical;-(Ta-Ts) V represents that the cooling effect of wind speed is not only relevant to wind speed size, and also relevant with temperature height, when temperature is higher, wind speed effects of reduced temperature is more obvious.
Further, formula (3) with best body sense comfort temperature value for separatrix, when temperature is lower than local optimal comfort temperature, although sendible temperature Tg is still directly proportional to temperature Ta, but the effect of humidity is but effects of reduced temperature, and exponentially increase with its effects of reduced temperature of reduction of temperature,-exp [0.013 (Ts-Ta) (RH-RHs)] represents that temperature is lower, when actual humidity higher than during the most comfortable humidity it to sendible temperature the cooling effect that rises larger;-(Ts-Ta) V represents that the cooling effect of wind speed is not only relevant to wind speed size, also with the reduction of temperature.
advantage of the present invention and good effect
1. disclose the very crux of domestic and international similar research in the past, propose the concept of " human body optimal comfort temperature " first.
2. first " golden section ratio " (also referred to as 0.618 method, Hua Luogeng optimum seeking method) is introduced medical meteorology field, in order to determine human body optimal comfort temperature value scientifically and rationally, make it to move towards science from experience.
3. latitude effect, season and sea level elevation have been carried out rationally correcting on the impact of human body optimum reelability quality with comparing comprehensive system first, fully reflect that different regions Human Physiology adapts to the difference of shown optimal comfort sendible temperature for a long time, for the universality improving this method is laid a good foundation.
4. propose first with best body sense comfort temperature value as separatrix, real air temperature processes respectively above and below two kinds of situations of local optimal comfort temperature, thus can more reasonably embody moisture effect under high temperature and low-temperature condition to wind speed under the amplification of sendible temperature and cryogenic conditions to the effects of reduced temperature of body sense.
5. universality
This method has taken into full account the geographic entity of CHINESE REGION complexity and the diversity of weather, corrects can be applicable to the northern area of high latitude and the southern area of low latitude simultaneously through latitude effect; About season and sea level elevation, the otherness between the Various Seasonal of different regions also be have adjusted effectively to the correction of sendible temperature, enhance its universality.
6. practicality
All variablees used in this method all can obtain in the data of daily meteorological observation, are convenient to apply in daily practical business work.
The applying of this method can be extensively carrying out of Medical Meteorology Forecast work provides technical support, for the weather health of correlated crowd provides scientific guidance.For China's hygiene industry pattern by treatment be that the main great change to putting prevention first plays important impetus.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with subordinate list and embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
1. " the most comfortable temperature " mathematic(al) representation
Ts is " optimal comfort temperature ",
for latitude, M is month, and H is sea level elevation.
22.7=36.75 × 0.618, the i.e. mean body temperature of human normal and the product of golden section ratio, think that healthy exposure of person feels the environment temperature of the most comfortable in torrid areas in theory.Under the condition of the most comfortable temperature, human body does not need to maintain normally carrying out of body temperature and every vital movement by adjustment deliberately, human body sensory is easily comfortable, and at this time the effect of other meteorological elements such as humidity and wind speed is also very little, can not produce significantly impact to human body.
Correction term
to correct the impact of geographic latitude on the most comfortable temperature, namely latitude is higher, the solar radiation that earth's surface receives is fewer, the physiological adaptability that local resident is long-term, the optimal comfort temperature of its sensation also can correspondingly reduce, wherein, the torrid areas on the south the tropic of Cancer (23.5 ° of N) and to the north of the tropic of Capricorn (23.5 ° of S) will not be corrected.
Correction term | 0.3cos [15 ° × (M-1)] | corrected the impact of season on human body optimal comfort temperature, to adapt to the difference of Various Seasonal, the optimum temperature comfortable at warm season human body sensory is wanted suitably higher than cold season.
Correction term 2.0 × tan (H/100) has corrected the area that height above sea level is greater than and equals 500 meters (sea level elevation is less than 500 meters and does not correct), because sea level elevation raises, Human Physiology adapts to the phenomenon (being mainly reflected in the impact of sea level elevation on temperature) that shown optimal comfort sendible temperature reduces for a long time.
2. the design of sendible temperature computational mathematics expression formula
During formula one: Ta >=Ts
Tg＝Ta+A{exp[0.05(Ta-Ts)(RH-RHs)]-1}-0.03(Ta-Ts)V
During formula two: Ta < Ts
Tg＝Ta-A{exp[0.013(Ts-Ta)(RH-RHs)]-1}-0.01(Ts-Ta)V
Coefficient A=36.75 × (1-0.618) ≈ 14
In above two formulas, Tg is sendible temperature, and Ta is average air temperature, Ts and optimal comfort temperature (see formula (1)); V is mean wind speed; RH is relative humidity; RHs is the suitableeest relative humidity, wherein, during without precipitation, and RHs=0.5; When having precipitation, RHs=0.618.
Formula one is described:
With best body sense comfort temperature value for separatrix, when environment temperature is higher than optimal comfort temperature, first sendible temperature Tg is directly proportional to temperature Ta, and the synergistic effect of humidity exponentially increases with the rising of temperature; Exp [0.05 (Ta-Ts) (RH-RHs)] represents that temperature is higher, humidity is larger, the warming effect of humidity is more obvious, and (humidity increases sendible temperature higher than plaing a part during the most comfortable humidity, otherwise do not consider that it acts on), and exponentially form increases;-(Ta-Ts) V represents that the cooling effect of wind speed is not only relevant to wind speed size, also with temperature height relevant (temperature is higher, and wind speed effect is more obvious).
Formula two is described:
With best body sense comfort temperature value for separatrix, when temperature is lower than the most comfortable temperature, although sendible temperature Tg is still directly proportional to temperature Ta, but, the effect of humidity is but effects of reduced temperature, and exponentially increase with its effects of reduced temperature of reduction of temperature,-exp [0.013 (Ts-Ta) (RH-RHs)] represents that temperature is lower, humidity to sendible temperature the cooling effect that rises larger, this is also very consistent with the truly feels of human body, and (humidity reduces sendible temperature higher than plaing a part during the most comfortable humidity, otherwise do not consider that it acts on), and exponentially form increases,-(Ta-Ts) V represents that the cooling effect of wind speed is not only relevant to wind speed size, and also with the reduction of temperature, the effects of reduced temperature of its wind speed is all the more remarkable.
3. comfort level partitioning standards:
Based on the per day sendible temperature calculating gained, find corresponding comfort level by table 5.Wherein, Dt=22.7-Ts represents actual optimal comfort temperature (after longitude and latitude effect, season and sea level elevation impact adjustment) and the deviation of theoretical optimal comfort temperature value in somewhere, in order to the scope of dynamic conditioning different brackets institute nappe temperature-sensitive angle value.
The table 5 comfort level criteria for classifying
The invention discloses a kind of method building human comfort calculating based on Fibonacci method.Wherein, disclose the very crux of domestic and international similar research in the past first, propose the concept of human body optimum reelability quality; And first Fibonacci method is introduced Medical Meteorological scientific domain, the product (i.e. 36.75 DEG C × 0.618 ≈ 22.7 DEG C) of normal body temperature and Fibonacci method (also referred to as 0.618 method, Hua Luogeng optimum seeking method) is adopted to obtain tropical optimal comfort sendible temperature value when season in midsummer, human body exposed full; Then carried out latitude effect, season and sea level elevation impact rationally correct; Finally construct the novel human body optimal comfort temperature computation formula being applicable to nationwide (being also applicable to other area of world's same latitude band):
in formula, Ts is " human body optimal comfort temperature ",
for latitude, M is month, and H is sea level elevation.Based on this, the gas epidemic disaster and wind speed three kinds of main meteorological key elements that affect sendible temperature are considered, have devised and there are higher universality and rational new human comfort computing method (concrete numerical procedure is as described in nextpage).Compared with current congenic method both at home and abroad, the method with the theory of human body optimum reelability quality for theoretical foundation, to introduce Fibonacci method for technological means, scientific and reasonablely accurately define human body optimal comfort sendible temperature value, as separatrix, the two kind situations of real air temperature above and below local optimal comfort temperature are processed respectively, fully demonstrated moisture effect under high temperature and low-temperature condition to wind speed under the amplification of sendible temperature and cryogenic conditions to the effects of reduced temperature of body sense.Compared with other congenic method domestic and international, there is better science, universality, practicality and application value.For the weather in a certain area of rational evaluation and the health effect of change thereof provide important technical; For the public daily life, healthy trip, preventing diseasing preservation provides reference frame comparatively accurately, and be the relation of the change of research weather environment and health further, carry out healthy weather forecast service, the fast development promoting preventive medicine provides science and technology support.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. build a method for human comfort calculating based on Fibonacci method, it is characterized in that, the optimal comfort temperature mathematic(al) representation of the method is:
Ts is " optimal comfort temperature ",
for latitude, M is month, and H is sea level elevation;
Correction term
to correct the impact of geographic latitude on optimal comfort temperature, namely latitude is higher, and the solar radiation that earth's surface receives is fewer, the result that Human Physiology adapts to for a long time, cause the optimal comfort temperature also corresponding reduction felt, therefore need suitably to be corrected according to latitude; Wherein, the torrid areas on the south the tropic of Cancer (23.5 ° of N) and to the north of the tropic of Capricorn (23.5 ° of S) does not need to correct;
Correction term | 0.3cos [15 ° × (M-1)] | corrected the impact of season on human body optimal comfort temperature, to adapt to the difference of Various Seasonal, usually in the comfortable optimum temperature of warm season human body sensory slightly higher than cold season;
Correction term 2.0 × tan (H/100) corrected sea level elevation be greater than and equal 500 meters area owing to raising along with sea level elevation, Human Physiology adapts to the phenomenon that shown optimal comfort sendible temperature reduces for a long time;
Based on above-mentioned optimal comfort temperature mathematic(al) representation, concrete sendible temperature computational mathematics expression formula is:
As Ta >=Ts
Tg＝Ta+A{exp[0.05(Ta-Ts)(RH-RHs)]-1}-0.03(Ta-Ts)V
(2)
As Ta < Ts
Tg＝Ta-A{exp[0.013(Ts-Ta)(RH-RHs)]-1}-0.01(Ts-Ta)V
(3)
Coefficient A=36.75 × (1-0.618) ≈ 14
In above two formulas, Tg is sendible temperature, and Ta is temperature on average, and Ts is optimal comfort temperature (see formula (1)); V is mean wind speed; RH is relative humidity, and RHs is the suitableeest relative humidity, wherein, during without precipitation, and RHs=0.5; When having precipitation, RHs=0.618;
Human comfort grade classification foundation: first calculate based on the daily mean sendible temperature in all parts of the country of gained according to above-mentioned three formulas, is divided into 11 comfort level the whole year; Then according to the daily mean sendible temperature value of each meteorological station in the whole nation calculated, corresponding comfort level is found.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, the method determines that healthy exposure of person feels that the ambient temperature value of the most comfortable is 22.7=36.75 × 0.618, and according to actual geographic latitude and the height above sea level of locality and suitably correct residing season.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, formula (2) with best body sense comfort temperature value for separatrix, when environment temperature is higher than local optimal comfort temperature, sendible temperature Tg is directly proportional to temperature on average Ta, and the synergistic effect of humidity exponentially increases with the rising of temperature, exp [0.05 (Ta-Ts) (RH-RHs)] represents that temperature is higher, when actual humidity higher than during the most comfortable humidity it to sendible temperature the synergistic effect that rises larger, the truly feels of this and human body are very identical;-(Ta-Ts) V represents that the cooling effect of wind speed is not only relevant to wind speed size, and also relevant with temperature height, when temperature is higher, wind speed effects of reduced temperature is more obvious.
4. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, formula (3) with best body sense comfort temperature value for separatrix, when temperature is lower than local optimal comfort temperature, although sendible temperature Tg is still directly proportional to temperature Ta, but, the effect of humidity is but effects of reduced temperature, and exponentially increase with its effects of reduced temperature of reduction of temperature,-exp [0.013 (Ts-Ta) (RH-RHs)] represents that temperature is lower, when actual humidity higher than during the most comfortable humidity it to sendible temperature the cooling effect that rises larger;-(Ts-Ta) V represents that the cooling effect of wind speed is not only relevant to wind speed size, and also relevant with temperature height, when temperature is lower, wind speed effects of reduced temperature is more obvious.
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