CN103105479A - Full-automatic collecting liquid-plastic limit combined measuring system - Google Patents
Full-automatic collecting liquid-plastic limit combined measuring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103105479A CN103105479A CN2013100254200A CN201310025420A CN103105479A CN 103105479 A CN103105479 A CN 103105479A CN 2013100254200 A CN2013100254200 A CN 2013100254200A CN 201310025420 A CN201310025420 A CN 201310025420A CN 103105479 A CN103105479 A CN 103105479A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a full-automatic collecting liquid-plastic limit combined measuring system. The full-automatic collecting liquid-plastic limit combined measuring system comprises a liquid-plastic limit combined measuring instrument and a computer, wherein the liquid-plastic limit combined measuring instrument comprises a mounting frame, a cone head, an electromagnet, a displacement transducer, a displacement display screen, a CPU (central processing unit), a communication module, a control switch and a specimen cup; the specimen cup is placed on the mounting frame; the electromagnet, the displacement transducer, the displacement display screen, the CPU, the communication module and the control switch are arranged on the mounting frame; the cone head is arranged above the opening of the specimen cup and is adsorbed on the electromagnet; the displacement transducer is connected with the computer in a signal manner through the CPU and the communication module; and a double logarithmic chart is stored in the computer. The full-automatic collecting liquid-plastic limit combined measuring system provided by the invention can be used for acquiring, measuring and reading data in a full automatic manner and drawing a curve, so that the accuracy of the test data is improved, the work amount of experimenters is reduced, the cost of human resources is reduced, and the test efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to carry out in civil engineering the technical field that the liquid soil plastic limit is measured, relate in particular to a kind of full-automatic collection combined measurement method of liquid and plastic limits system.
Background technology
Liquid limit, plastic limit are the important physical indexs of cohesive soil, have reflected the impact of soil water on soil mass property, are important evidence estimating bearing capacity of foundation slab etc.Liquid limit in Atterberg limits can adopt the taper appliance method, and plastic limit can adopt the stranding method of rolling.Liquidplastic limit combined method is for improving dish formula instrument liquid limit and rolling a kind of test method that stranding method plastic limit proposes, the main experimental instrument of the method is liquid limit simultaneous determination instrument, and it comprises taper appliance, electromagnet, display screen, gauge tap and sample cup for liquid with scale.During test, according to soil sample in the plastic state scope, with taper appliance with the instantaneous cone method that falls, record two parameters of circular cone embedded depth h and water cut w, then be plotted on log-log paper, obtain the relation curve between degree of depth h and water cut w, read liquid limit, plastic limit on this curve map, then computational plasticity index and liquidity index.
Yet liquidplastic limit combined method is manually drawn the degree of depth and water cut curve in process of the test, be prone to personal error, and then on curve again the manual read fetch data and inevitably second order error can occur, affected the accuracy of data; And the method mapping step is more, and speed is slow, and effect is low, to such an extent as to experimenter's workload is larger, cost of human resources is higher.
Therefore, those skilled in the art is devoted to develop a kind of full-automatic collection combined measurement method of liquid and plastic limits system always, can overcome above-mentioned deficiency, realize full-automatic mensuration reading out data and the curve plotting result of gathering, improve the accuracy of test figure and alleviate experimenter's quantities, reduce cost of human resources, improve test efficiency.
Summary of the invention
Because above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of can realize automatically gathering mensuration reading out data and curve plotting result, improve the accuracy of test figure and alleviate experimenter's quantities, reduce cost of human resources, improve the full-automatic collection combined measurement method of liquid and plastic limits system of test efficiency.
for achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of full-automatic collection combined measurement method of liquid and plastic limits system, comprising: liquid plastic combine tester and computing machine, described liquid plastic combine tester comprises installation frame, insert the interior nose cone of soil sample as freely falling body, be used for absorption and discharge described cone headed electromagnet, displacement transducer for detection of described nose cone embedded depth, the displacement display screen that shows the data that described displacement transducer detects, CPU, communication module, gauge tap and be used for the sample cup for liquid of splendid attire test soil sample, described sample cup for liquid is placed on installation frame, described electromagnet, displacement transducer, the displacement display screen, CPU, communication module and gauge tap are arranged on described installation frame, described nose cone is arranged on above said sample cup opening, and described nose cone is adsorbed on described electromagnet, described displacement transducer by described CPU be connected communication module and be connected with described Computer signal, store log-log plot in described computing machine.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described displacement transducer is the LVDT displacement transducer, and described LVDT displacement transducer connects described displacement display screen and described computing machine simultaneously.LVDT (being Linear.Variable.Differential.Transformer) is the linear variable difference transformer abbreviation, is briefly the movable transformer of iron core.So the LVDT displacement transducer also can be referred to as the LVDT differential transformer displace￣ ment transducer, it is comprised of parts such as a primary coil, two secondary coils, iron core, coil rack, shells.When iron core was moved to both sides by the centre, difference and the iron core of secondary two coil output voltage were moved into linear relationship.This analyzer uses grating with other, and the equipment of the same type of magnetic induction sensor is compared, and the characteristics of a maximum have been used the LVDT displacement transducer exactly, thereby have improved mensuration precision and reliability.
As a further improvement on the present invention, also comprise a signal processing module, described signal processing module comprises the LM324 chip of processing as the amplification of prime signal and the LM331 chip that is used as A/D converter, and described LVDT displacement transducer connects described displacement display screen and described computing machine simultaneously by described signal processing module.Be conducive to further improve measuring accuracy and the stability of native system.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described displacement display is the LCD LCDs of 3 figure place mixed decimal points.
The beneficial effect of full-automatic collection combined measurement method of liquid and plastic limits of the present invention system is as follows:
1. the present invention adopts described liquid plastic combine tester can realize absorption and discharge described cone headed by the power supply of controlling electromagnet, make nose cone fall in the soil sample of below sample cup for liquid, simultaneously detect embedded depth by displacement transducer, be transferred at last the record of the enterprising row data of log-log plot of carrying out the demonstration of embedded depth on the displacement display and being transferred to described computing machine and last Drawing of Curve, full-automatic collection mensuration reading out data and curve plotting result have been realized, improved the accuracy of test figure and alleviated experimenter's quantities, reduce cost of human resources, improve test efficiency.
2. displacement transducer adopts the LVDT displacement transducer, and the principle of compositionality of described LVDT displacement transducer is as follows:
the structure of LVDT is by iron core, armature, primary coil, secondary coil forms, as elementary coil P1, when supplying with the alternating voltage of certain frequency between P2, iron core is the mobile Distribution of Magnetic Field that has changed the space in coil, thereby at the beginning of having changed, mutual induction amount between secondary coil, secondary coil S11, just produce induction electromotive force between S22, along with the position of iron core is different, mutual induction amount is also different, the induction electromotive force of secondary generation is also different, so just the displacement with iron core has become voltage signal output, because two secondary coil voltage polarity are opposite, output voltage is differential voltage.
When moving right, the voltage of secondary coil 2 inductions is greater than secondary coil 1 when iron core; When moving left, the voltage of secondary coil 1 induction forms linear change greater than the voltage difference size of secondary coil 2, two coils outputs with the iron core displacement when iron core.
Primary coil, secondary coil are distributed on coil rack, and coil inside has a shaft-like armature that can move freely.When armature mediated, the induction electromotive force of two secondary coil generations was equal, and output voltage is 0 like this; When armature in coil section move and when departing from the center, the induction electromotive force that two coils produce does not wait, and Voltage-output is arranged, its voltage swing depends on the size of displacement.
In order to improve the sensitivity of sensor, improve the linearity of sensor, the range of linearity of increase sensor, during design, two coils are played a reversed role join, the polarity of voltage of two secondary coils is opposite, the voltage of LVDT output is voltage poor of two secondary coils, and the magnitude of voltage of this output is linear with displacement unshakable in one's determination.
In the LVDT course of work, motion unshakable in one's determination can not exceed the range of linearity of coil, otherwise will produce non-linear value, so all LVDT all have a range of linearity.The present invention adopts the LVDT displacement transducer to include but not limited to following technique effect:
A, without rub measurement
Usually there is no the entity contact between the movable core of LVDT and coil, that is to say that LVDT is the parts that there is no friction.It is used to bear lightweight iron core load, but the important measurement that can't bear friction load.For example, the dynamic deflection of precise materials or vibration-testing, the stretching of fiber or other elastomer material or creep test.
B, unlimited mechanical life
Due to not friction and contact between the coil of LVDT and iron core thereof, so can not produce any wearing and tearing.The mechanical life of LVDT, be endless in theory like this.Material and structure are being carried out during testing fatigue etc. uses, this is very important technical requirement.In addition, too be important for the high reliability mechanical hook-up in aircraft, guided missile, spaceship and essential industry equipment unlimited mechanical life.
C, unlimited resolution
LVDT makes it possess two significant characteristics without friction running and principle of induction thereof.First characteristic is to have real unlimited resolution.This means that LVDT can respond and generate output the most small motion of iron core.The readability of external electronic device is the unique restriction to resolution.
D, zero-bit repeatability
LVDT constructs symmetrical, and zero-bit can be replied.The electrical null position repeatability of LVDT is high, and extremely stable.Be used in closed-loop control system, LVDT is very outstanding electrical null position indicator.
E, radially insensitive
LVDT is very responsive for the axially-movable of iron core, and radial motion is relatively blunt.Like this, it is not according to accurate straight-line object that LVDT can be used for measuring, and for example, can be coupled to LVDT the end gaging pressure of Bourdon tube.
F, I/O isolation
LVDT is considered to a kind of of transformer, because its excitation input (elementary) and output (secondary) are isolated fully.LVDT need not buffer amplifier, can think that it is a kind of effective simulating signal element.In the measurement and control loop that require the isolation of signal wire and power ground, it very easy to use.
G, sturdy and durable
Making LVDT material used and engaging these materials technique used makes it become robust transmitter.Even the powerful impact that is subject to often having in industrial environment, jumbo vibration, LVDT also can continue to play a role.Iron core separates LVDT iron core and coil with coil separated from one another, inserts non magnetic spacer between iron core and coil inwall, can pressurization, corrosivity or akaline liquid and coil groups keep apart.Like this, coil groups realizes hermetic seal, no longer needs moving link is carried out dynamic seal (packing).For the coil groups in compression system, only need to use static sealing to get final product.
H, environmental suitability
LVDT is one of a few transmitter that can work in multiple rugged surroundings.For example, closed type LVDT adopts stainless steel casing, can be placed in corrosive liquids or gas.Sometimes, LVDT is required to work under exceedingly odious environment.For example, in the low temperature environment of similar liquid nitrogen or nuclear radiation environment.Although in most of the cases, LVDT has unlimited mission life (in theory), is placed in the LVDT under rugged surroundings, and mission life is different different because of environment.
Comprehensive above LVDT has compared following advantage with high precision length measuring apparatus such as grating, magnetic grids:
Dynamic perfromance is good, can be used for online detection the at a high speed, automatically measures, automatically controls.The measuring speed such as grating, magnetic grid is generally in 1.5m/s, can only be used for static measurement.LVDT can be at high-intensity magnetic field, large electric current, and humidity is used under the rugged surroundings such as dust.Can make the sensor of working under specific condition, as high pressure resistant, high temperature, radiation hardness, complete close grave is worked under water.Reliability is very good, and can withstand shocks reaches 150g/11ms, vibration frequency 2KHZ acceleration 20g.Volume is little, and price is low, and the ratio of performance to price is high.
3. the present invention arranges one and comprises LM324 chip that amplify to process as the prime signal and as the signal processing module of the LM331 chip of A/D converter.It is the key on circuit in fine measuring instrument that signal is processed, and the height of measuring accuracy and stability and signal are processed closely bound up.Use the LM324 chip to do prime in the present invention and amplify processing, the LM331 chip is done the A/D conversion and is sent CPU to read.
LM324 series by four independently, high-gain, internal frequency compensated operational amplifier, wherein aim at the voltage range operation from single power supply.Might be also the amplitude of supply voltage independently with low source current consumption from the operation of division power supply.
Application comprises sensor amplifier, the circuit that DC current gain module and all traditional operational amplifiers now can be more easily realized in the single supply system.For example, but the LM324 of direct control is serial, and this is in digital display circuit, will provide required interface circuit like a cork, and need not the 5V supply voltage of extra ± 15V power standard.
LM331 is the higher integrated chip of performance and price, can be used as precise frequency electric pressure converter, A/D converter, linear frequency modulation /demodulation, long-time integration device and other related devices.LM331 has adopted new temperature compensation bandgap circuit, under the 4.0V supply voltage, high precision is arranged with low in whole operating temperature range.The wide dynamic range of LM331 can reach 100dB; The linearity is good, and maximum nonlinear distortion is less than 0.01%, and frequency of operation is low has linearity preferably to 0.1Hz fashion; The conversion precision is high, and digital resolution can reach 12; External circuits is simple, only needs the several outer members of access just can conveniently consist of the translation circuits such as V/F or F/V, and easily guarantees conversion accuracy.
4. the liquid plastic combine tester determination data directly uses three bit strip radix point LCD LCDs to show.At present, LCD has 2 kinds of segmentation and dot matrixs, is only relating to that data show and during the simple letter prompting, intelligence instrument adopts section-type LCD usually.The three bit strip radix point LCD LCDs that native system is used are a kind of three practical and attractive bit serial segment liquid crystal display modules.Compare the advantages such as pin is few, the convenience that is connected with Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system simply, programmes that it has with more existing parallel segment liquid crystal display modules.
Be described further below with reference to the technique effect of accompanying drawing to design of the present invention, concrete structure and generation, to understand fully purpose of the present invention, feature and effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the full-automatic collection combined measurement method of liquid and plastic limits system schematic of the present embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram that the present embodiment automatically gathers the combined measurement method of liquid and plastic limits system.
Fig. 3 is the displacement display front view of the present embodiment.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the full-automatic collection combined measurement method of liquid and plastic limits system schematic of the present embodiment.the present embodiment proposes a kind of full-automatic collection combined measurement method of liquid and plastic limits system, in conjunction with shown in Figure 1, comprising: liquid plastic combine tester 1 and computing machine 2, liquid plastic combine tester 1 comprises installation frame 3, insert the interior nose cone 5 of soil sample as freely falling body, the electromagnet 7 that is used for absorption and release nose cone 5, displacement transducer (not shown) for detection of nose cone 5 embedded depths, the displacement display screen 6 that shows the data that described displacement transducer detects, CPU(is not shown), the communication module (not shown), gauge tap (not shown) and be used for the sample cup for liquid 4 of splendid attire test soil sample, sample cup for liquid 4 is placed on installation frame 3, electromagnet 7, described displacement transducer, displacement display screen 6, described CPU, described communication module and described gauge tap are arranged on installation frame 3, nose cone 5 is arranged on above said sample cup 4 openings, and nose cone 5 is adsorbed on electromagnet 7, described displacement transducer by described CPU be connected communication module and be connected with computing machine 2 signals, store log-log plot in computing machine 2.
As the further embodiment of the present embodiment, described displacement transducer is the LVDT displacement transducer, and described LVDT displacement transducer connects displacement display screen 6 and computing machine 2 simultaneously.
Further embodiment as the present embodiment, also comprise a signal processing module, described signal processing module comprises the LM324 chip of processing as the amplification of prime signal and the LM331 chip that is used as A/D converter, and described LVDT displacement transducer connects displacement display screen 6 and computing machine 2 simultaneously by described signal processing module.
Fig. 3 is the displacement display front view of the present embodiment.As the further embodiment of the present embodiment, displacement display 6 is the LCD LCDs of 3 figure place mixed decimal points as shown in Figure 3.
Exemplary, the principle of work of the full-automatic collection combined measurement method of liquid and plastic limits system of the present embodiment and concrete use as follows:
Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram that the present embodiment automatically gathers the combined measurement method of liquid and plastic limits system.Liquid plastic combine tester adopts electromagnet absorption taper appliance, circuit controling electromagnetism iron, nose cone buries 5 second time, automatically send signal by information ring, embedded depth is precisely measured shift value by the LVDT displacement transducer that is equipped with on taper appliance, shift value amplifies, after CPU reads processing, is shown by the displacement display through circuit, and this determination data send on the log-log plot of computing machine and shows and store simultaneously.
Electromagnet is to adsorb nose cone, decontrols when pressing gauge tap, allows nose cone freely fall.Its work has following two states:
A. when electromagnet was switched on, the coil of walking around its iron core had produced magnetic field, so iron core produces magnetic, became electromagnet.Iron core absorption this moment nose cone.
B. when outage, magnetic field disappears, so iron core loses magnetism, allows nose cone freely fall.
The soil sample of packing in sample cup for liquid is first carried out the test of water cut w to soil sample, water cut w is as in the log-log plot in set-point input computing machine.Because there is such relation in embedded depth h and the water cut w of soil sample:
ln(h)=ln（a）+b*ln（w）
Wherein, h is embedded depth; W is single-detector; A, b are coefficient.
Therefore measure embedded depth and data shown by liquid plastic combine tester, undertaken wireless by communication module simultaneously or the wire transmission data-signal to computing machine, can directly progressively complete the curve result on the log-log plot of calculator memory storage draws, realize full-automatic mensuration reading out data and the curve plotting result of gathering, improve the accuracy of test figure and alleviate experimenter's quantities, reduce cost of human resources, improve the purpose of test efficiency.Exemplary, each built-in parts of the liquid plastic combine tester of the present embodiment are the general prior aries in this area, are also outsourcing pieces commonly used, those of ordinary skills can assemble according to the description of the present embodiment, do not repeat them here.Adopt the MICROCHIP PIC16F876A of company single-chip microcomputer as CPU.Use the C Programming with Pascal Language to realize the control of mensuration process.PIC16F876A is the new product by institute of Microchip company production development, belongs to PICmicro series single chip microcomputer, has Flash program program internal memory function, and antijamming capability is very strong, is fit to industrial environment, the purposes such as open-air product.Test result shows, the method control rate is fast, reliability is high.
Concrete, the full-automatic collection combined measurement method of liquid and plastic limits system detection method of the present embodiment is as follows:
1, regulate mounting bracket 3, make the level bubble namely guarantee between two parties mounting bracket 3 horizontal positioned.
2, switch on power.Power switch is beaten to opening, and at this moment, power lights is bright.
3, put into nose cone 5, make electromagnet 7 suck nose cone 5.
4, put into the sample cup for liquid 4 that mixes up soil sample, by the height of carrying out, governor motion is adjusted sample cup for liquid 4, the soil sample in sample cup for liquid 4 is contacted with it with the cone point of nose cone 5, at this moment contact lamp bright, by zero key.
5, press gauge tap, nose cone 5 falls at this moment, and the instrument self-clocking is sent information ring after 5 seconds, and just can read circular cone embedded depth h this moment on displacement display screen 6, carry simultaneously embedded depth h in computing machine 2.
6, again by the height of execution, governor motion adjusting sample cup 4, sample cup for liquid 4 is descended take off conehead 5 and sample cup for liquid 4.
7, many experiments checks that computing machine 2 records result and chart.
Exemplary, the log-log plot of the present embodiment can adopt EXCEL software to draw.Built-in computer automatic data acquisition software, software can automatic complete paired data collection, record, form draw and the function such as inquiry, and record can import and derive by USB flash disk.The data that gather and historical data except in picture in the mode of value output with showing with report form, can also show with the form of curve.History curve can realize checking historical determination data.
More than describe preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail.Should be appreciated that those of ordinary skill in the art need not creative work and just can design according to the present invention make many modifications and variations.Therefore, all technician in the art all should be in the determined protection domain by claims under this invention's idea on the basis of existing technology by the available technical scheme of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment.
Claims (4)
1. the full-automatic combined measurement method of liquid and plastic limits system of gathering, is characterized in that, comprising: liquid plastic combine tester and computing machine, described liquid plastic combine tester comprises installation frame, insert the interior nose cone of soil sample as freely falling body, be used for absorption and discharge described cone headed electromagnet, displacement transducer for detection of described nose cone embedded depth, the displacement display screen that shows the data that described displacement transducer detects, CPU, communication module, gauge tap and be used for the sample cup for liquid of splendid attire test soil sample, described sample cup for liquid is placed on installation frame, described electromagnet, displacement transducer, the displacement display screen, CPU, communication module and gauge tap are arranged on described installation frame, described nose cone is arranged on above said sample cup opening, and described nose cone is adsorbed on described electromagnet, described displacement transducer by described CPU be connected communication module and be connected with described Computer signal, store log-log plot in described computing machine.
2. full-automatic collection combined measurement method of liquid and plastic limits as claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described displacement transducer is the LVDT displacement transducer, described LVDT displacement transducer connects described displacement display screen and described computing machine simultaneously.
3. full-automatic collection combined measurement method of liquid and plastic limits as claimed in claim 2 system, it is characterized in that: also comprise a signal processing module, described signal processing module comprises the LM324 chip of processing as the amplification of prime signal and the LM331 chip that is used as A/D converter, and described LVDT displacement transducer connects described displacement display screen and described computing machine simultaneously by described signal processing module.
4. full-automatic collection combined measurement method of liquid and plastic limits as claimed in claim 2 system, it is characterized in that: described displacement display is the LCD LCDs of 3 figure place mixed decimal points.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103398739A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-11-20 | 北京盈胜泰科技术有限公司 | Handheld soil parameter measurement device and soil parameter measurement method |
| CN104142279A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-11-12 | 山西省交通科学研究院 | Roadbed soil dynamic rebound modulus predicting system and method |
| CN106323734A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2017-01-11 | 兰州理工大学 | Method for predicting liquid limit and plastic limit through suction stress feature curve |
| CN107543914A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-05 | 西华大学 | A kind of soil taper appliance of computer control |
| CN108387715A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-08-10 | 杭州力勘科技有限公司 | Blender and Atterberg Limit measurement device |
| CN112379081A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-19 | 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Liquid plastic limit test method and system |
| CN113138132A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-07-20 | 河海大学 | Device and method for measuring plastic limit of soil strip |
| CN113567303A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-29 | 深圳市市政工程总公司 | Method for measuring liquid limit, plastic limit and plasticity index of dredged sludge |
| CN114047314A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-02-15 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Magnetic confinement type liquid-plastic limit combined tester |
| CN114216389A (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2022-03-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | Testing and analyzing device for LVDT displacement sensor |
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| CN103398739A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-11-20 | 北京盈胜泰科技术有限公司 | Handheld soil parameter measurement device and soil parameter measurement method |
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| CN107543914A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-05 | 西华大学 | A kind of soil taper appliance of computer control |
| CN108387715A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-08-10 | 杭州力勘科技有限公司 | Blender and Atterberg Limit measurement device |
| CN113138132A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-07-20 | 河海大学 | Device and method for measuring plastic limit of soil strip |
| CN112379081A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-19 | 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Liquid plastic limit test method and system |
| CN113567303A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-29 | 深圳市市政工程总公司 | Method for measuring liquid limit, plastic limit and plasticity index of dredged sludge |
| CN114047314A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-02-15 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Magnetic confinement type liquid-plastic limit combined tester |
| CN114216389A (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2022-03-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | Testing and analyzing device for LVDT displacement sensor |
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Application publication date: 20130515 |