CN103104922B - A kind of waste incineration flue gas waste heat recovery device - Google Patents

A kind of waste incineration flue gas waste heat recovery device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103104922B
CN103104922B CN201310048000.4A CN201310048000A CN103104922B CN 103104922 B CN103104922 B CN 103104922B CN 201310048000 A CN201310048000 A CN 201310048000A CN 103104922 B CN103104922 B CN 103104922B
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air
heat exchanger
waste heat
flue gas
ceramic
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CN103104922A (en
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黎七中
潘永俊
朱晓亮
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Xi'an Yuqing Environmental Engineering Technology Co Ltd
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Xi'an Yuqing Environmental Engineering Technology Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
    • Y02P80/15On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of waste incineration flue gas waste heat recovery device, comprise ceramic heat exchanger and waste heat boiler; Ceramic heat exchanger is provided with air inlet and gas outlet, is provided with heat-exchange ceramic between air inlet and gas outlet; Air inlet is connected with incinerator exhaust pass, and the flue gas of garbage furnace after cooling is discharged in gas outlet; Pipeline connects ceramic heat exchanger, waste heat boiler and air circulation fans, is filled with clean air in pipeline, and air circulation fans drives air to circulate between ceramic heat exchanger and waste heat boiler.The resistance to HCl corrosion of the present invention, in flue gas, the HCl of highly corrosive substantially runs ceramic heat exchanger and has no effect, and can steady in a long-termly run.And waste heat boiler volume is little, maintenance workload is minimum.Control system heat exchange amount is convenient.

Description

A kind of waste incineration flue gas waste heat recovery device
Technical field
The invention belongs to heat recovery technology field, relate to a kind of waste incineration flue gas waste heat recovery device.
Background technology
Incinerator flue-gas temperature is out up to 1000 ~ 1200 DEG C, the inlet temperature that the quench tower of flue gas purification system requires is greater than 500 DEG C, therefore reach 450 ~ 650 DEG C from the temperature drop of incinerator high-temperature flue gas recoverable out, now general residual neat recovering system collocation method is:
1) directly at waste incineration outlet of still, waste heat boiler is installed and carrys out recovery waste heat;
2) part incinerator installs air preheater in heat boiler outlet, by air preheater heating incinerator combustion air.Also have small refuse incinerator not install waste heat boiler, an installation air preheater heats combustion air, partially recycled waste heat.
Containing a large amount of HCl in flue gas of refuse burning, HCl has severe corrosive to metal.At 500 ~ 700 DEG C, high temperature corrosion is produced to metal, under acid dew-point temperature, electrochemical corrosion can be produced to metal.When in direct recovered flue gas, the waste heat boiler of waste heat runs, flue gas can contact with the heating surface of waste heat boiler, and because HCl has highly corrosive, the heating surface of boiler is easy to the corrosion by HCl and damages.System running rate is low, maintenance workload large, brings very large puzzlement to flue gas of garbage furnace heat recovery.Therefore in order to avoid waste heat boiler and air preheater corrosion, the following design that heat-transfer surface generally adopts:
1) alloy material of decay resistance is adopted;
2) resistant material is coated with at the heating surface of boiler;
3) adopt refractory material to be wrapped in the surface of heat-transfer surface, avoid corrosion.
Adopt corrosion resistant alloy material can increase considerably boiler construction cost, surface is coated with resistant material can suitably reduce boiler construction cost, these two kinds of technology all can not solve etching problem completely, and can only be the service life of prolonged boiler heat exchanger components, boiler still needs frequent overhaul.The surface adopting refractory material to be wrapped in heat exchanger effectively can prevent corrosion, but heat exchange efficiency can significantly decline.
Li Chunqian etc. are describe a kind of anticorrosion superheater for incinerator waste heat boiler in the Chinese patent of 201050778 at application number, introduce superheater surface coverage fire-resistant anticorrosion paint in patent.Although fire-resistant anticorrosion paint can slow down the corrosion of superheater, can not solve the corrosion of superheater completely, other positions of boiler are too at etching problem.
Gong Fei is the smoke air preheater describing a kind of garbage burning boiler in the Chinese patent of 102313293 at application number, introduce in patent and weld evagination pin outside the heat exchanger tube of the air preheater of metal material, refractory material covers the outer wall of heat exchanger tube, to reach antisepsis.Flue gas and heat exchanger tube can be isolated by refractory material effectively, but refractory material can increase considerably heat exchange resistance.Need the heat exchange area increasing considerably sky preheater, this patent only relates to air preheater, does not consider waste heat boiler Anticorrosion.
Item is bright is describe a kind of garbage burning boiler in the patent of 201010210189.9 at application number, each several part composition and the structure of boiler is described in patent, the boiler that the inside is introduced can delay coking, burn into dust stratification problem, but still can not solve the etching problem of boiler completely.
Because flue gas of garbage furnace easily produces bioxin at 200 ~ 500 DEG C, so require that waste heat boiler flue-gas temperature out must not lower than 500 DEG C.By the impact of waste incineration amount, refuse thermal value, rubbish water content, the flue-gas temperature of waste incineration outlet of still is also fluctuation, the waste heat boiler being arranged on waste incineration outlet of still cannot regulate heat exchange amount, so in order to suppress the generation of bioxin, consider the fluctuation of flue-gas temperature, smoke temperature at outlet of waste heat boiler generally can not be less than 650 DEG C.Therefore the waste heat of 150 DEG C is had to be utilized effectively.
Because waste heat boiler is directly installed on waste incineration outlet of still, overall heat exchange amount adjustability is very limited, and when the quantity of steam of actual needs is little, the excess steam that boiler produces only has emptying, causes great waste.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the present invention solves is to provide a kind of waste incineration flue gas waste heat recovery device, to solve the etching problem of flue gas of refuse burning, and further consider the production load of incinerator and the steam load flexible modulation heat exchange amount of actual needs, make whole device be operated in optimum state.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of waste incineration flue gas waste heat recovery device, comprises ceramic heat exchanger and waste heat boiler; Ceramic heat exchanger is provided with air inlet and gas outlet, is provided with heat-exchange ceramic between air inlet and gas outlet; Air inlet is connected with incinerator exhaust pass, and the flue gas of garbage furnace after cooling is discharged in gas outlet;
Pipeline connects ceramic heat exchanger, waste heat boiler and air circulation fans, is filled with clean air in pipeline, and air circulation fans drives air to circulate between ceramic heat exchanger and waste heat boiler;
Heat-exchange ceramic first carries out heat exchange with flue gas of garbage furnace, after the air in heat-exchange ceramic is heated, flows to waste heat boiler, carries out heat exchange with waste heat boiler.
Be provided with the first temperature sensor between described heat exchanger air inlet and incinerator exhaust pass, gas outlet is provided with the second temperature sensor.
Described ceramic heat exchanger is air to air heat exchanger, corrosion resistant nonmetallic materials are with flue gas of refuse burning contact site, the heat exchanger tube of heat exchanger is carborundum heat exchanger tube, and flue gas of refuse burning passes through from carborundum heat exchanger tube outer wall, by clean air in carborundum tube.
Described heat exchanger is except carborundum heat exchanger tube, and other positions of ceramic heat exchanger and smoke contacts are refractory material.
Described ceramic heat exchanger hot wind inlet pipeline is provided with air inlet valve, ceramic heat exchanger hot-blast outlet pipeline is provided with air outlet valve, air outlet valve is connected by pipeline with the air inlet of waste heat boiler, the air outlet of waste heat boiler is connected by pipeline with air inlet valve, and air circulation fans is arranged on the pipeline before air inlet valve.
Arrange hot blast by-pass line between described and air inlet valve, air outlet valve, by-pass line is provided with by-passing valve, and by-passing valve is adjustment type valve, and air circulation fans is driven by the motor of speed variable.
Described by regulating the aperture of by-passing valve and the rotating speed of air circulation fans to regulate heat exchange amount:
The aperture increasing by-passing valve or the rotating speed reducing air circulation fans then reduce system heat exchange amount,
The aperture reducing by-passing valve or the rotating speed increasing air circulation fans then increase the heat exchange amount of system.
Be provided with three-temperature sensor before the air outlet valve of described waste heat boiler, after waste heat boiler air outlet valve, be provided with the 4th temperature sensor.
By regulating the total air mass flow in pipeline and the air mass flow by ceramic heat exchanger, reach the object of regulating system heat exchange amount, the object of the heat exchange amount of regulating system is the flue gas of garbage furnace temperature regulating ceramic heat exchanger gas outlet to discharge or the steam production regulating waste heat boiler.
Described waste heat boiler is heat pipe-type or watertube boiler, and its heating surface is finned pipe.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following useful technique effect:
Waste incineration flue gas waste heat recovery device provided by the invention, forms primarily of ceramic heat exchanger, waste heat boiler, air circulation fans and pipeline.Ceramic heat exchanger is arranged on incinerator exhaust pass, and the exchange heat in flue gas of refuse burning is first given clean air by ceramic heat exchanger, and air again exchange heat, to waste heat boiler, allows waste heat boiler produce steam.
Further, due to ceramic heat exchanger first by exchange heat in flue gas to air, the heat exchanger tube installed in ceramic heat exchanger is silicon carbide material, not only heat exchange efficiency is high, hardness is high, heat resistance is good, and can not by the corrosion of HCl in flue gas, in flue gas, the HCl of highly corrosive substantially runs ceramic heat exchanger and has no effect, and can steady in a long-termly run; But also dust wearing and tearing in flue gas can be resisted, working life is extremely long, completely avoid common refuse incineration exhaust-heating boiler problem.
The medium passed through due to waste heat boiler is clean hot-air, and heating surface can adopt finned pipe, significantly reduces the volume of waste heat boiler, save the investment of waste heat boiler, there are not any burn into bonding, wearing and tearing in waste heat boiler, repair and maintenance workload is minimum, and the life-span is long.
And, heat exchange amount also by regulating total air mass flow to carry out regulating system, when incinerator load hour, in order to avoid ceramic heat exchanger outlet temperature is too low, prevent bioxin from producing, can be reduced the heat exchange amount of heat exchanger by the rotating speed of the aperture or reduction blower fan that increase by-passing valve, waste heat boiler steam production reduces simultaneously; When needs regulate waste heat boiler steam production, also by regulating the steam production of the aperture of by-passing valve and the adjustable waste heat boiler of rotating speed of blower fan.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
In figure: 1 is ceramic heat exchanger, 2 is waste heat boiler, and 3 is air circulation fans, and 4 is air inlet valve, 5 is air outlet valve, and 6 is by-passing valve, and 7 is pipeline, and 8 is the first temperature sensor, 9 is the second temperature sensor, and 10 is three-temperature sensor, and 11 is the 4th temperature sensor.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, and the explanation of the invention is not limited.
Residual neat recovering system of the present invention is made up of ceramic heat exchanger 1, waste heat boiler 2, air circulation fans 3, hot air duct 7, heat exchanger hot blast inlet valve 4, outlet valve 5, by-passing valve 6, instrument, control system etc.The instrument be wherein arranged on waste incineration flue and hot air duct mainly contains the first temperature sensor 8 measuring waste incineration entrance flue gas temperature, the second temperature sensor 9 measuring waste incineration exit gas temperature, measures the three-temperature sensor 10 of waste heat boiler hot-wind inlet temperature, measures the 4th temperature sensor 11 etc. of waste heat boiler hot-blast outlet temperature.Ceramic heat exchanger 1 is arranged on incinerator exhaust pass, hot air duct 7 connects ceramic heat exchanger 1, waste heat boiler 2, air circulation fans 3, and ceramic heat exchanger 1 hot-air inlets, outlet are provided with air inlet valve 4, air outlet valve 5, by-passing valve 6.By-passing valve 6 adopts adjustment type valve, and air circulation fans 3 is driven by the motor of speed variable.
The present invention adopts clean air as heat exchange intermediate medium, ceramic heat exchanger 1 first by the exchange heat in flue gas of refuse burning to air, air again exchange heat to waste heat boiler 2.Avoid waste heat boiler 2 directly to contact flue gas, avoid flue gas corrosion waste heat boiler 2.By regulating by the total air mass flow in the air mass flow of ceramic heat exchanger 1 and hot air duct 7, can very flexibly, the heat exchange amount of accurately regulating system, thus ceramic heat exchanger 1 can be regulated easily to export flue gas of refuse burning temperature, also can regulate the steam production of waste heat boiler 2 easily.
Below each critical piece is described in detail.
1, ceramic heat exchanger
Ceramic heat exchanger 1 is air to air heat exchanger, corrosion resistant nonmetallic materials are with smoke contacts position, the heat exchanger tube material of core is carborundum, flue gas passes through from carborundum tube outer wall, air is passed through in carborundum tube, heat in flue gas of refuse burning exchanges to air, by air heat by carborundum tube wall.Except carborundum, ceramic heat exchanger 1 is refractory material with other positions of smoke contacts.
Due to carborundum have that hardness is high, thermal conductivity is high, Heat stability is good, the advantage such as corrosion-resistant, so ceramic heat exchanger 1 not only resistance to flue gas of garbage furnace corrosion, and the wearing and tearing of resistance to flue dust, the life-span is extremely long.Other and smoke contacts position of ceramic heat exchanger 1 are refractory material, and therefore ceramic heat exchanger 1 completely can not by the corrosion of flue gas of refuse burning.
2, waste heat boiler
By exchanging the high-temperature hot-air of coming from ceramic heat exchanger in waste heat boiler 2, owing to not comprising corrosivity, caking property, abrasive material in high-temperature hot-air, so waste heat boiler 2 can adopt plain cylindrical furnace steel making, heating surface can adopt finned pipe, increase considerably heat exchange area like this, reduce the volume of waste heat boiler 2.Waste heat boiler 2 can adopt heat pipe-type or watertube boiler.Because waste heat boiler can not be corroded, bonds, wear and tear, so repair and maintenance workload is minimum, the life-span is long.
3, air circulation fans
The air circulation fans 3 adopted in the present invention adopts the motor of adjustable rotating speed to drive, by regulating the rotating speed of motor, then the air total flow of flowing in adjustable pipeline 7, coordinates with ceramic heat exchanger 1 hot blast bypass 5, just can regulate the heat exchange amount of ceramic heat exchanger 1.
4, valve
The hot wind inlet of ceramic heat exchanger 1 is provided with inlet valve 4, and hot-blast outlet is provided with outlet valve 5, and be provided with by-passing valve 6 between hot wind inlet and outlet, by-passing valve 6 adopts adjustment type valve.Closedown inlet valve 4, outlet valve 5 just facilitate the whole residual neat recovering system of on-bne repair, avoid high temperature injury.Regulate the aperture of by-passing valve 6 just can control to enter the air capacity in ceramic heat exchanger 1, coordinating with adjustment air circulation fans 3 rotating speed, regulating the heat exchange amount of whole system by regulating global cycle air quantity with the air quantity entering ceramic heat exchanger 1 heat exchanger tube.
5, instrument and control
The instrument be arranged on waste incineration flue and hot air duct mainly contains the first temperature sensor 8 measuring waste incineration entrance flue gas temperature, the second temperature sensor 9 measuring waste incineration exit gas temperature, measures the three-temperature sensor 10 of waste heat boiler hot-wind inlet temperature, measures the 4th temperature sensor 11 of waste heat boiler hot-blast outlet temperature.
Control system controls the operation of whole system according to the detection of sensor or instrument:
1) for improving flue gas heat organic efficiency, suppress the generation of bioxin as far as possible, need accurately to control ceramic heat exchanger 1 outlet temperature, by regulating the aperture of by-passing valve 5 or regulating the rotating speed of air circulation fans 3, the amount of regulating system heat exchange is accurately and rapidly very stable, control ceramic heat exchanger 1 outlet temperature fast.
2) when needing the quantity of steam regulating boiler to produce, by regulating the aperture of by-passing valve 5 or regulating the rotating speed of air circulation fans 3, carrying out regulating system heat exchange amount, reaching the object regulating waste heat boiler 2 steam production.

Claims (6)

1. a waste incineration flue gas waste heat recovery device, is characterized in that, comprises ceramic heat exchanger (1) and waste heat boiler (2); Ceramic heat exchanger (1) is provided with air inlet and gas outlet, is provided with heat-exchange ceramic between air inlet and gas outlet; Air inlet is connected with incinerator exhaust pass, and the flue gas of garbage furnace after cooling is discharged in gas outlet;
Pipeline (7) connects ceramic heat exchanger (1), waste heat boiler (2) and air circulation fans (3), pipeline is filled with clean air in (7), and air circulation fans (3) drives air to circulate between ceramic heat exchanger (1) and waste heat boiler (2);
Heat-exchange ceramic first carries out heat exchange with flue gas of garbage furnace, after the air in heat-exchange ceramic is heated, flows to waste heat boiler (2), carries out heat exchange with waste heat boiler (2);
Described ceramic heat exchanger (1) hot wind inlet pipeline is provided with air inlet valve (4), ceramic heat exchanger (1) hot-blast outlet pipeline is provided with air outlet valve (5), air outlet valve (5) is connected by pipeline (7) with the air inlet of waste heat boiler (2), the air outlet of waste heat boiler (2) is connected by pipeline (7) with air inlet valve (4), and air circulation fans (3) is arranged on the front pipeline of air inlet valve (4);
Hot blast by-pass line is established between described air inlet valve (4) and air outlet valve (5), by-pass line is also provided with by-passing valve (6), by-passing valve (6) is adjustment type valve, and air circulation fans (3) is driven by the motor of speed variable;
Heat exchange amount is regulated by the rotating speed of the aperture and air circulation fans (3) that regulate by-passing valve (6):
The aperture increasing by-passing valve (6) or the rotating speed reducing air circulation fans (3) then reduce system heat exchange amount,
The aperture reducing by-passing valve (6) or the rotating speed increasing air circulation fans (3) then increase the heat exchange amount of system;
Be provided with three-temperature sensor (10) before the air outlet valve of described waste heat boiler (2), after waste heat boiler (2) air outlet valve, be provided with the 4th temperature sensor (11).
2. waste incineration flue gas waste heat recovery device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, be provided with the first temperature sensor (8) between described air inlet and incinerator exhaust pass, gas outlet is provided with the second temperature sensor (9).
3. waste incineration flue gas waste heat recovery device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described ceramic heat exchanger (1) is air to air heat exchanger, corrosion resistant nonmetallic materials are with flue gas of refuse burning contact site, ceramic heat exchanger (1) interior heat exchanger tube is carborundum heat exchanger tube, flue gas of refuse burning passes through from carborundum heat exchanger tube outer wall, by clean air in carborundum tube.
4. waste incineration flue gas waste heat recovery device as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, except carborundum heat exchanger tube, ceramic heat exchanger (1) is refractory material with other positions of smoke contacts.
5. waste incineration flue gas waste heat recovery device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, by regulating the total air mass flow in pipeline (7) and the air mass flow by ceramic heat exchanger (1), the heat exchange amount of regulating system, the flue gas of garbage furnace temperature regulating ceramic heat exchanger (1) gas outlet to discharge or the steam production regulating waste heat boiler (2).
6. waste incineration flue gas waste heat recovery device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described waste heat boiler (2) is heat pipe-type or watertube boiler, and its heating surface is finned pipe.
CN201310048000.4A 2013-02-06 2013-02-06 A kind of waste incineration flue gas waste heat recovery device Active CN103104922B (en)

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CN104214783B (en) * 2014-09-19 2017-06-20 王惠生 Constant temperature smoke evacuation control method and device in a kind of burning process
CN104848679B (en) * 2015-05-05 2017-03-15 江苏海大纺织机械股份有限公司 A kind of temperature-controlled process of drying room waste-heat recovery device
CN105605589A (en) * 2016-01-27 2016-05-25 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 Method for recycling waste heat of rubbish pyrolysis residue by using heat accumulating type ceramic ball
CN106765202A (en) * 2016-12-19 2017-05-31 扬州嘉明环保科技有限公司 It is the waste heat utilization system and method for the spent acid pyrolysis furnace of raw material containing organic Waste Sulfuric Acid
CN107023814A (en) * 2017-04-25 2017-08-08 江苏科瑞工程设计有限公司 The exhaust heat recovering method and equipment of the high-temperature flue gas containing strong corrosive medium in spent acid cracking
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CN113464943B (en) * 2021-06-01 2023-11-14 光大环保技术研究院(深圳)有限公司 High-parameter thermodynamic system suitable for garbage incineration and operation method thereof
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Denomination of invention: Waste incineration flue gas waste heat recovery device

Effective date of registration: 20190724

Granted publication date: 20150902

Pledgee: Xi'an innovation financing Company limited by guarantee

Pledgor: Xi'an Yuqing Environmental Engineering Technology Co., Ltd.

Registration number: 2019990000776

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