CN103104812B - The combustion gas processing system of pipeline gas gas transmission station - Google Patents

The combustion gas processing system of pipeline gas gas transmission station Download PDF

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CN103104812B
CN103104812B CN201310034301.1A CN201310034301A CN103104812B CN 103104812 B CN103104812 B CN 103104812B CN 201310034301 A CN201310034301 A CN 201310034301A CN 103104812 B CN103104812 B CN 103104812B
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gas
expander
turbo
pipeline
combustion gas
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CN103104812A (en
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王崎文
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Wisdom Energy Technology Co Ltd
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Wisdom Energy Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

A combustion gas processing system for pipeline gas gas transmission station, it comprises turbo-expander and generator.Described turbo-expander comprises fuel gas inlet and gas outlet, and described fuel gas inlet carrys out gas for the upstream received from gas pipeline, and described upstream is carried out gas and expanded in described turbo-expander after step-down and export from described gas outlet.Described generator is connected with described turbo-expander, and wherein when pipeline gas drives described turbo-expander to rotate by described turbo-expander, described turbo-expander drives described generator to generate electricity.Wherein, the electric power that described generator produces can for miscellaneous equipment, such as, can provide energy to heat by the combustion gas in pipeline for a heater.

Description

The combustion gas processing system of pipeline gas gas transmission station
Technical field
The present invention relates to pipeline gas conveying technology, particularly relate to the combustion gas processing system of pipeline gas gas transmission station.
Background technique
Pipeline gas conveying is the different user rock gas of Oil/gas Well extraction being transported to different regions by the various pipeline that is connected to Oil/gas Well and corresponding facility, device network.A complete pipeline gas transporting system arranges multiple gas transmission station between Oil/gas Well to user.The major function of gas transmission station comprises dedusting separation, pressure regulation, purification, metering, pigging, heating etc. function.Wherein the object of pressure regulation ensures that the gas inputting, export has required pressure and flow.And heating is heated gas in pipelines, improve gas temperature, prevent hydrocarbon and water in combustion gas from forming hydrate and blocking pipe equipment, affect gas transmission production.
The pressure adjusting structure that the pressure governor generally used at present is is core with various valve.And heating system adopts water jacket type oven.The combustion gas of drawing from pneumatic tube is as the fuel of oven.This mode can expend transmitted combustion gas.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, propose a kind of combustion gas processing system of pipeline gas gas transmission station herein, it can realize one or more functions above-mentioned better.
In addition, it is also proposed a kind of combustion gas processing system of pipeline gas gas transmission station herein, it can realize a kind of new paragon producing electric energy in gas transmission process.
The combustion gas processing system of pipeline gas gas transmission station in this paper comprises turbo-expander, pressure transducer and controller.Described turbo-expander comprises fuel gas inlet and gas outlet.Fuel gas inlet carrys out gas for the upstream received from gas pipeline, and upstream is carried out gas and expanded in described turbo-expander after step-down and export from described gas outlet.Wherein, the nozzle ring of turbo-expander is nozzle ring capable of changing cross sections.Pressure transducer is arranged on described gas outlet downstream, for detecting the pressure of the pipeline gas exported from described gas outlet.Controller and pressure transducer be electrically connected and the flow area controlling described nozzle ring capable of changing cross sections according to the pressure sensing result of described pressure transducer so that the pressure of the pipeline gas exported from described gas outlet is maintained predetermined value.
In one embodiment, described combustion gas processing system also comprises the generator be connected with described turbo-expander, wherein when described pipeline gas flow through described turbo-expander drive described turbo-expander to rotate time, described turbo-expander drives described generator to generate electricity.Wherein, described generator can be permanent magnet generator.
In one embodiment, described combustion gas processing system also comprises temperature controlling device so that the temperature of pipeline gas is maintained predetermined value, the electric power that wherein said generator sends for described temperature controlling device provide in order to heating energy.
Separately provide a kind of combustion gas processing system of pipeline gas gas transmission station herein, it comprises turbo-expander and generator.Described turbo-expander comprises fuel gas inlet and gas outlet, and described fuel gas inlet carrys out gas for the upstream received from gas pipeline, and described upstream is carried out gas and expanded in described turbo-expander after step-down and export from described gas outlet.Described generator is connected with described turbo-expander, and wherein when pipeline gas drives described turbo-expander to rotate by described turbo-expander, described turbo-expander drives described generator to generate electricity.Wherein, the electric power that described generator produces can for miscellaneous equipment, such as, can provide energy to heat by the combustion gas in pipeline for a heater.
A kind of combustion gas processing system of pipeline gas gas transmission station is also provided herein.Described gas transmission station comprises coming gas acceptance division and multiple combustion gas departures portion, and described combustion gas processing system be arranged on described come between gas acceptance division and one of them combustion gas departures portion.Described combustion gas processing system comprises turbo-expander, pressure transducer, temperature transducer, heater and controller.Described turbo-expander comprises fuel gas inlet and gas outlet, described fuel gas inlet for receive flow through described come the upstream of gas acceptance division carry out gas, described upstream is carried out gas and is expanded in described turbo-expander after step-down and transfer to one of them combustion gas departures portion described from described gas outlet.Described pressure transducer is arranged on described gas outlet downstream, for detecting the pressure of the pipeline gas exported from described gas outlet.Described temperature transducer is used for the temperature of the combustion gas of transmission in testing pipes.Described heater is for heating the combustion gas transmitted in described pipeline.Described controller and described pressure transducer and temperature transducer are electrically connected for receiving corresponding testing result, and the operation controlling described turbo-expander according to the pressure sensing result of described pressure transducer is to maintain predetermined value by the pressure of the combustion gas exported from described gas outlet, and control according to the temperature detection result of described temperature transducer the operation that described heater heats the combustion gas in described pipeline.
In one embodiment, the quantity of described turbo-expander can be multiple, and these turbo-expanders are set up in parallel and optionally open according to the gas consumption size in downstream.
In sum, there is discussed herein a kind of combustion gas processing system of pipeline gas gas transmission station.This combustion gas processing system adopts turbo-expander to carry out pressure regulation to pipeline gas.In one embodiment, the nozzle ring of this turbo-expander is nozzle ring capable of changing cross sections, by changing the flow area of nozzle ring capable of changing cross sections, can control the gaseous-pressure after pressure regulation.In another embodiment, this combustion gas processing system also comprises the generator be connected with turbo-expander.Like this, the electric power that generator produces can for miscellaneous equipment.Such as can be used for heater to use to heat pipeline gas, without the need to expending the combustion gas in pipeline, saving the energy.Meanwhile, native system also achieves a kind of new paragon producing electric energy in gas transmission process.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the rough schematic view of a pipeline gas gas transmission station.
Fig. 2 is a kind of schematic diagram of combustion gas processing system of pipeline gas gas transmission station.
Fig. 3 is a kind of schematic diagram utilizing permanent magnet generator to generate electricity.
Fig. 4 is a kind of block diagram of combustion gas processing system of pipeline gas gas transmission station.
Wherein: 10, carry out gas acceptance division; 12, combustion gas departures portion; 14, combustion gas processing system; 16, combustion gas processing system for subsequent use; 20, turbo-expander; 26, nozzle ring capable of changing cross sections; 28, turbine portion; 30, pressure transducer; 32, heater; 34, temperature transducer; 36, generator; 40, electric power processing unit; 50, controller; 52, display unit and/or input device.
Embodiment
Before describing the embodiments in more detail, it should be understood that and the invention is not restricted to detailed construction in the application hereafter or described in accompanying drawing or arrangement of elements.The present invention can be the embodiment that alternate manner realizes.And, should be appreciated that wording used herein and term are only used as to describe purposes, should being construed as limiting property not explain.Similar wording meant and comprised item listed thereafter, its equivalent and other additional things " comprising " used herein, " comprising ", " having " etc.Particularly, when describing " certain element ", the quantity that the present invention does not limit this element is one, also can comprise multiple.
Fig. 1 is a kind of rough schematic view of pipeline gas gas transmission station.Gas transmission station comprises coming gas acceptance division 10 and multiple combustion gas departures portion 12.Come to be provided with combustion gas processing system 14 between gas acceptance division 10 and each combustion gas departures portion 12.Upstream is come after gas carries out various process by combustion gas processing system 14, by the combustion gas departures portion of correspondence to downstream gas transmission, such as, transports to other gas transmission branch line or other user.
As shown in Figure 1, upstream is carried out gas and is utilized many gas transmission circuits to distribute to downstream by gas transmission station.Every bar gas transmission circuit, except comprising the normal combustion gas processing system 14 used, also includes combustion gas processing system 16 for subsequent use.When the normal combustion gas processing system 14 used breaks down or need to overhaul, unlatching is come into operation by combustion gas processing system 16 for subsequent use.The position residing in the transmission of whole pipeline according to gas transmission station, combustion gas processing system 14 generally comprises separations, metering, heating, pressure regulation, blowdown, emptying, promptly blocks, pigging, the wherein part or all of subtense angle such as distribution.It is pointed out that separation, metering, blowdown, emptying, promptly block, pigging, gas distribution system etc. are not the emphasis will introduced herein, be not therefore further introduced herein.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the combustion gas processing system of a kind of pipeline gas transmission.This combustion gas processing system is arranged between gas acceptance division 10 and one of them combustion gas departures portion 12.As previously mentioned, the some of them subtense angle of combustion gas processing system, be such as separated, measure, blowdown, emptying, promptly block, pigging, gas distribution system, do not draw at this, be not discussed further yet.
This combustion gas processing system comprises turbo-expander 20.Turbo-expander 20 comprises fuel gas inlet 22 and gas outlet 24.Gas is carried out in the upstream that fuel gas inlet 22 receives gas pipeline for always gas acceptance division 10.Upstream is carried out gas and is expanded in turbo-expander 20 after step-down from gas outlet 24 downstream transport.
In order to meet the gaseous-pressure requirement of pipeline transmission, the pressure through the combustion gas of turbine expander step-down needs to maintain predetermined value.According to the diverse location of gas transmission station in whole pipeline transmission, predetermined value described herein is different.Such as, gaseous-pressure can be depressurized to 4MPa from 10Mpa, is depressurized to 2.5MPa or is depressurized to 1.6MPa from 2.5MPa from 4MPa, and can float within the specific limits.Should be understood that, at some gas transmission stations, the gaseous-pressure through pressure regulation can maintain other predetermined value.
In the embodiment of fig. 2, the maintenance of this predetermined gaseous-pressure utilizes the operation of turbo-expander self to realize.Specifically, namely turbo-expander comprises nozzle ring capable of changing cross sections 26(, stator blade) and turbine portion 28(is namely, movable vane).By adjusting the angle of nozzle blade, the flow area of above-mentioned nozzle ring capable of changing cross sections 26 can be changed, thus change the gaseous-pressure after pressure regulation.
The downstream position of gas outlet 24 is provided with pressure transducer 30, for detecting the pressure of the pipeline gas exported from gas outlet 24.The angle of self blade of pressure sensing result adjustment that nozzle ring capable of changing cross sections 26 detects according to pressure transducer 30, thus the gaseous-pressure after step-down of being expanded by turbo-expander 20 maintains predetermined value.
At some gas transmission stations, need to control the fuel gas temperature in pipeline.If temperature is too low, in combustion gas, hydrocarbon and water may form hydrate and blocking pipe equipment.Therefore, in the appropriate location of pipeline, heater 32 and temperature transducer 34 can be set, according to the temperature detection result that temperature transducer 34 detects, pipeline and interior combustion gas thereof be heated, fuel gas temperature be maintained be suitable for the predetermined value transmitted.This predetermined value is a temperature range, can determine or relevant specification specifies according to actual conditions.
In one embodiment, above-mentioned voltage-regulating system also comprises the generator 36 be connected with turbo-expander 20.Wherein, when pipeline gas flow through turbo-expander 20 drive described turbo-expander 20 to rotate time, described turbo-expander 20 drives generator 36 to generate electricity.The electric power that generator 36 produces can supply the equipment use in gas transmission station, such as can as the energy of above-mentioned heater 32.In a specific embodiment, above-mentioned heater 32 can be electric heater.In another embodiment, also can be with electric-heating water, then carry out the combustion gas in heating pipe with hot water.
Should be understood that, the electric power that generator 36 produces also can be connected to the grid or otherwise be used.It is estimated, for a flow be 30 ten thousand steres/hour gas transmission station, turbo-expander 20 in one hour drive electrical generators 36 produce electric power be about 3750Kw.h.Be utilize turbo-expander 20 to carry out pressure regulation in various embodiments of the present invention, and the pressure drop of combustion gas be converted to electric power in pressure regulation process for miscellaneous equipment (such as, heater) use.Relative to the water jacket type heater expending combustion gas in pipeline generally used now, the present invention, without the need to expending combustion gas in pipeline, has significant energy-saving effect.And combustion gas processing system of the present invention also achieves the new paragon producing electric energy while gas transmission.
In the application habitually in the past using turbogenerator drive electrical generators to generate electricity, its electrical power demand frequency, voltage constant of producing.Therefore, the rotating speed of turbogenerator generally can be relatively stable, even if there is the occasion of variable working condition, its amplitude of variation is also not too large.Such as, the rotating speed of turbogenerator may change in the amplitude range of maximum 20%.Under this variable working condition by a small margin, the excitation system of generator can correspondingly change its excitation intensity according to the change of the rotating speed of turbogenerator, obtains the electric power output of constant frequency, constant voltage with this.
But that introduces herein utilizes pipeline gas to drive turbogenerator to carry out the occasion generated electricity, the flow of pipeline gas constantly changes along with the change of downstream gas consumption, thus causes the rotating speed also and then constantly change of turbogenerator.And gas consumption amplitude of variation between peak of power consumption and low power consumption in downstream is huge, thus the rotating speed of turbogenerator is caused to change significantly.In this case, conventional electric excitation motor cannot realize the constant of frequency and voltage.Therefore, attempt herein using permanent magnet generator to generate electricity.
Fig. 3 is a kind of schematic diagram utilizing permanent magnet generator to generate electricity.Generator 36 is permanent magnet generator, and generator 36 is connected with turbo-expander 20, optionally arranges therebetween or does not arrange speed reducer.In generator 36 rear end, electric power processing unit 40 is set, carries out pressure regulation, frequency modulation for the electric power produced generator 36, to obtain the electric power output of constant frequency, constant voltage.As mentioned above, along with the change of downstream gas consumption, the rotating speed of turbo-expander 20 changes within a large range, and the frequency and voltage of the electric power of therefore permanent magnet generator generation is all unstable.By means of pressure regulation, the frequency modulation process of electric power processing unit 40, the electric power output of constant frequency, constant voltage can be obtained.Electric power processing unit 40 is such as inverter.
As previously mentioned, gas consumption amplitude of variation between peak of power consumption and low power consumption in downstream is huge, thus causes the efficiency of turbo-expander and power to change significantly.In one embodiment of the invention, can arrange multiple turbo-expander, these turbo-expanders are set up in parallel and optionally open according to the gas consumption size in downstream.If gas consumption increases, then increase the quantity of the turbo-expander of startup, if gas consumption reduces, then reduce the quantity of the turbo-expander of startup.Like this, the turbo-expander of each startup can be made to be operated in its best efficiency point or power points as far as possible.
Fig. 4 is the block diagram of an aforementioned combustion gas processing system embodiment.Combustion gas processing system mainly comprises controller 50, pressure transducer 30, temperature transducer 34, nozzle ring capable of changing cross sections 26, turbine portion 28, heater 32, generator 36.Pressure transducer 30, temperature transducer 34, nozzle ring capable of changing cross sections 26 and heater 32 are each to be electrically connected with controller 50.Controller 50 receives the pressure sensing result of pressure transducer 30 and controls the circulation area of nozzle ring capable of changing cross sections 26 according to this pressure sensing result, thus the pressure of combustion gas in pipeline is maintained aforementioned predetermined value.Controller 50 also receives the temperature detection result of temperature transducer 34 and according to the operation of temperature detection result control heater 32, thus the temperature of combustion gas in pipeline is maintained aforementioned predetermined value.Controller 50 also initiatively can go the testing result of collecting pressure transducer 30 and/or temperature transducer 34, and its running state can be back to controller 50 by nozzle ring capable of changing cross sections 26 and heater 32.Therefore, the Signal transmissions between said elements can be two-way.
In the present embodiment, pressure transducer 30 is applicable to the downstream of the gas outlet being arranged on turbo-expander, for detecting the pressure of the pipeline gas in gas outlet downstream.Temperature transducer 34 and heater 32 can be arranged on any position in gas transmission station, but can prevent the hydrate of the formation because temperature is low in pipeline or ice cube from entering turbine before heater 32 being arranged on the fuel gas inlet of turbo-expander, cause the blocking of turbo-expander or the damage to blade.
In the above-described embodiments, temperature transducer 34 and heater 32 together form temperature controlling device, under control of controller 50, the temperature of pipeline gas are maintained predetermined value.In other embodiments, temperature controlling device also can not set temperature sensor.In another embodiment, also completely temperature controlling device can be set.
Turbine portion 28 drive electrical generators 36 generates electricity, and its electric power can as the energy driven required for heater 32 and miscellaneous equipment.In other embodiments, the electric power that generator 36 produces also can be transported to beyond this gas transmission station, to drive heater on the pipeline that is arranged on outside gas transmission station or miscellaneous equipment.
In one embodiment, combustion gas processing system also can comprise the display unit and/or input device 52 that are connected with controller 50, for showing each equipment state and/or input instruction.Telemonitoring and the control of each gas transmission station can be realized like this.
Although be to introduce the embodiment of combustion gas processing system of the present invention above in conjunction with pipeline gas gas transmission station.Should be understood that, the concept of the combustion gas processing system introduced herein can be applied to the occasion of any needs decompression in pipe-line transportation system.In addition, in certain embodiments, combustion gas processing system can comprise multi-step pressure reduction mechanism.No matter multi-step pressure reduction mechanism all adopts turbo-expander to reduce pressure, and still only has wherein part reduced pressure level to adopt turbo-expander, all belongs to scope of the present invention.
In sum, there is discussed herein a kind of combustion gas processing system.This combustion gas processing system adopts turbo-expander to carry out pressure regulation to pipeline gas.In one embodiment, the nozzle ring of this turbo-expander is nozzle ring capable of changing cross sections, by changing the flow area of nozzle ring capable of changing cross sections, can control the gaseous-pressure after pressure regulation.In another embodiment, this combustion gas processing system also comprises the generator be connected with turbo-expander.Like this, the electric power that generator produces can for miscellaneous equipment.Such as can be used for heater to use to heat pipeline gas, without the need to expending the combustion gas in pipeline, saving the energy.Meanwhile, native system also achieves a kind of new paragon producing electric energy in gas transmission process.
Concept described herein may be embodied to other form when not departing from its spirit and characteristic.Disclosed specific embodiment should be regarded as exemplary instead of restrictive.Therefore, scope of the present invention is by appended claim, instead of determines according to these descriptions before.Any change in the letter and equivalency range of claim all should belong to the scope of these claims.

Claims (10)

1. the combustion gas processing system of a pipeline gas gas transmission station, comprise turbo-expander, described turbo-expander comprises fuel gas inlet and gas outlet, described fuel gas inlet carrys out gas for the upstream received from gas pipeline, described upstream is carried out gas and is expanded in described turbo-expander after step-down and export from described gas outlet, it is characterized in that, the nozzle ring of described turbo-expander is nozzle ring capable of changing cross sections; Described combustion gas processing system also comprises:
Pressure transducer, described pressure transducer is arranged on described gas outlet downstream, for detecting the pressure of the pipeline gas exported from described gas outlet;
Controller, described controller and described pressure transducer be electrically connected and the flow area controlling described nozzle ring capable of changing cross sections according to the pressure sensing result of described pressure transducer so that the pressure of the pipeline gas exported from described gas outlet is maintained predetermined value;
Permanent magnet generator, described permanent magnet generator is connected with described turbo-expander, wherein when described pipeline gas flow through described turbo-expander drive described turbo-expander to rotate time, described turbo-expander drives described generator to generate electricity; And
Electric power processing unit, is connected with described permanent magnet generator and carries out pressure regulation, frequency modulation process with the electric power produced described permanent magnet generator.
2. the combustion gas processing system of pipeline gas gas transmission station as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described electric power processing unit is inverter.
3. the combustion gas processing system of pipeline gas gas transmission station as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described combustion gas processing system also comprises temperature controlling device so that the temperature of pipeline gas is maintained predetermined value, the electric power that wherein said generator sends for described temperature controlling device provide in order to heating energy.
4. the combustion gas processing system of a pipeline gas gas transmission station, comprise turbo-expander, described turbo-expander comprises fuel gas inlet and gas outlet, described fuel gas inlet carrys out gas for the upstream received from gas pipeline, described upstream is carried out gas and is expanded in described turbo-expander after step-down and export from described gas outlet, it is characterized in that, described combustion gas processing system also comprises:
Controller, the operation of described controller turbo-expander according to the Stress control of the pipeline gas exported from described gas outlet is to maintain predetermined value by the pressure of the combustion gas exported from described gas outlet;
Permanent magnet generator, described permanent magnet generator is connected with described turbo-expander, wherein when described pipeline gas flow through described turbo-expander drive described turbo-expander to rotate time, described turbo-expander drives described generator to generate electricity; And
Electric power processing unit, is connected with described permanent magnet generator and carries out pressure regulation, frequency modulation process with the electric power produced described permanent magnet generator.
5. the combustion gas processing system of pipeline gas gas transmission station as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described combustion gas processing system also comprises heater, described heater heated combustion gas before being arranged on described fuel gas inlet before entering turbo-expander in combustion gas, and the electric power that wherein said heater is produced by described generator provides energy.
6. the combustion gas processing system of pipeline gas gas transmission station as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described electric power processing unit is inverter.
7. the combustion gas processing system of a pipeline gas gas transmission station, described gas transmission station comprises coming gas acceptance division and multiple combustion gas departures portion, described combustion gas processing system be arranged on described come between gas acceptance division and one of them combustion gas departures portion, described combustion gas processing system comprises turbo-expander, described turbo-expander comprises fuel gas inlet and gas outlet, described fuel gas inlet for receive flow through described come the upstream of gas acceptance division carry out gas, described upstream is carried out gas and is expanded in described turbo-expander after step-down and transfer to one of them combustion gas departures portion described from described gas outlet, it is characterized in that, described combustion gas processing system comprises:
Pressure transducer, described pressure transducer is arranged on described gas outlet downstream, for detecting the pressure of the pipeline gas exported from described gas outlet;
Temperature transducer, described temperature transducer is used for the temperature of the combustion gas of transmission in testing pipes;
Heater, for heating the combustion gas transmitted in described pipeline;
Controller, described controller and described pressure transducer and temperature transducer are electrically connected for receiving corresponding pressure and temperature testing result, and the operation controlling described turbo-expander according to the pressure sensing result of described pressure transducer is to maintain predetermined value by the pressure of the combustion gas exported from described gas outlet, and control according to the temperature detection result of described temperature transducer the operation that described heater heats the combustion gas in described pipeline;
Permanent magnet generator, described permanent magnet generator is connected with described turbo-expander, wherein when described pipeline gas flow through described turbo-expander drive described turbo-expander to rotate time, described turbo-expander drives described generator to generate electricity; And
Electric power processing unit, is connected with described permanent magnet generator and carries out pressure regulation, frequency modulation process with the electric power produced described permanent magnet generator.
8. the combustion gas processing system of pipeline gas gas transmission station as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described electric power processing unit is inverter.
9. the combustion gas processing system of pipeline gas gas transmission station as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the nozzle ring of described turbo-expander is nozzle ring capable of changing cross sections, and described controller controls the flow area of described nozzle ring capable of changing cross sections according to the pressure sensing result of described pressure transducer.
10. the combustion gas processing system of pipeline gas gas transmission station as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the quantity of described turbo-expander is multiple, and these turbo-expanders are set up in parallel and optionally open according to the gas consumption size in downstream.
CN201310034301.1A 2013-01-29 2013-01-29 The combustion gas processing system of pipeline gas gas transmission station Active CN103104812B (en)

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