CN103103326A - Vacuum isothermal treatment technology for hot work die steel - Google Patents
Vacuum isothermal treatment technology for hot work die steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN103103326A CN103103326A CN2011103605394A CN201110360539A CN103103326A CN 103103326 A CN103103326 A CN 103103326A CN 2011103605394 A CN2011103605394 A CN 2011103605394A CN 201110360539 A CN201110360539 A CN 201110360539A CN 103103326 A CN103103326 A CN 103103326A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vacuum isothermal treatment technology for a hot work die steel. In the technology, high-pressure pure nitrogen is filled in a quenching cooling stage, the hot work die steel is treated by a continuous cooling manner after segmentation thermal preservation under the condition that the hot work die steel material begins to change the temperature when the temperature of the hot work die steel is higher than that of the martensite, the interior temperature of a high-pressure gas quenching vacuum furnace is controlled by a computer analogue technology, the fan rotating speed is controlled along and the change rule of the temperature filed in the furnace so as to realize automatic regulation, so that the interior temperature of the furnace is controlled. The temperature difference and thermal stress between the surface of a hot work die steel workpiece and a center material are fully reduced, so that the effect of thermal stress on quenching deformation is greatly reduced when the hot work die steel material changes to a martensitic structure state from an austenite structure state, and the quenching deformation of the die can be controlled within a minimum scope.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal heating processing technology, relate in particular to a kind of hot-work die steel vacuum isothermal treatment process.
Background technology
Compare in the treated forms under atmospheric condition with routine, vacuum heat treatment has the advantage of its uniqueness.Vacuum heat treatment is mould or part to be placed in lower than an atmospheric system heat, namely when being under negative pressure state, mould or part heat, complete the Cooling Quenching process again under 5～20 atmospheric high-purity nitrogen atmospheric pressures of handkerchief subsequently, make mould obtain relevant structural state and mechanical property.Under vacuum state, air is very thin, and namely oxygen content is extremely low, thus mould through its process rear surface cleaning, non-oxidation, without decarburization, this is that other heat treatment mode is incomparable.Heat exchange pattern under this external vacuum state is mainly to rely on radiation to carry out, due to the speed of radiative transfer much smaller than carry out the speed of transmission of heat by convection in air, the thermal stresses that metallic substance produces is less, thereby greatly reduce through the die deformation degree after vacuum heat treatment, distortion is also controlled than being easier to.The effect that has conventional heat treatment mode to realize in view of above-mentioned vacuum heat treatment, thereby vacuum heat treatment technology is widely used in mold hot is processed especially at machinery industry.
But for hot-work die, the particularly SKD61 of large, the became uneven of, size complex-shaped for those, the die castings such as 1.2344, although adopt vacuum heat treatment technology can reduce the distortion of mould as far as possible, but the control to distortion is not also very desirable, and therefore how further improving the die deformation that produces that quenches in the operation of hot-work die steel vacuum heat treatment is the larger problem that faces at present.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned technological deficiency, the invention provides a kind of remarkable Isothermal Treatment method that produces in hot-work die steel vacuum hardening process than the large deformation amount of improving.
The present invention in order to solve the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that adopts is:
A kind of hot-work die steel vacuum isothermal treatment process comprises the following steps:
Step (1): hot-work die steel workpiece to be heated is sent in high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace, set vacuum air-quenching technique according to the technical requirements of hot-work die steel workpiece, and heat up according to setting technique subsection, after being warming up to the top temperature that sets vacuum air-quenching technique, be incubated under described top temperature, described soaking time is with reference to the vacuum air-quenching technique that sets;
step (2): after insulating process described in step (1) finishes, open cooling blower, simultaneously in 1～3 second in the high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace charged pressure be the pure nitrogen of 6 MPa pressure, make hot-work die steel workpiece cooling down, and will be cooled to 500～520 ℃ in described high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace through the hot-work die steel workpiece of step (1) time, begin to regulate the input of rotating speed and the pure nitrogen of cooling blower, make in stove the hot-work die steel workpiece 500～520 ℃ keep 3～5 minutes after, recover the rotating speed of cooling blower and the input of pure nitrogen,
Step (3): in the time of will continuing to be cooled to 300～320 ℃ in high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace through the hot-work die steel workpiece of step (2), begin to regulate the input of rotating speed and the pure nitrogen of cooling blower, make the hot-work die steel workpiece in stove after 2～30 minutes, recover the rotating speed of cooling blower and the input of pure nitrogen 300～320 ℃ of maintenances;
Step (4): will continue to be placed on through the hot-work die steel workpiece of step (3) be cooled to 70 ℃ in high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace after, close cooling blower and pure nitrogen, the hot-work die steel workpiece is come out of the stove, and naturally cools to room temperature.
Described high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace comprises operating system, liquid nitrogen input system, pressure system, cooling system and indicating system.
Material mark, shape, size and the technical requirements of the set basis hot-work die of the vacuum air-quenching processing parameter of described hot-work die steel are carried out.
Be provided with cooling blower, in described step (2), step (3) and step (4), in high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace, the control of temperature realizes by the rotating speed of regulating cooling blower.
The regulative mode of described cooling blower rotating speed is controlled rotation speed of fan and is realized automatically regulating with the Changing Pattern in temperature field in high-pressure vacuum air-quenching furnace for by adopting computer modeling technique.
The principle of the foundation of processing method described in the present invention is as follows.
Hot-work die steel is the high quality steel with higher metal constituent content, these class steel have an important characteristic: when the hot-work die steel temperature begins transition temperature higher than the martensite of its material, it is the Ms point of material, its material is in the austenite structure state, and austenite structure is relatively stable, can not occur by the transition process of austenite structure to martensitic stucture, namely can not undergo phase transition process this moment.Be incubated at the temperature of step (2) and step (3) condition, extend in time, temperature value does not change and rests in the temperature range that sets.In this temperature range, although proceed the cooling continuously of hot-work die steel high temperature austenite, the transformation from austenite to martensitic quenching structure can not occur.This temperature range is generally the Ms point of a little higher than this material, and the hot-work die steel cooling temperature is reached evenly, reduces to greatest extent thermal stresses, is conducive to improve the quenching strain of mould.
Useful technique effect of the present invention is: the present invention takes full advantage of hot-work die steel higher than the Ms point time, its austenite structure has metastable key property, the mode that employing was incubated respectively two kinds of different temperature stages, temperature head and the thermal stresses of surface of hot die steel and hot-work die steel core section storeroom have fully been reduced, make when hot-work die steel material during from the austenite structure state to the martensitic stucture state-transition, weakened greatly the impact of thermal stresses on quenching strain, the quenching strain of mould can be controlled in minimum extent.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is technical process operation chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and specific embodiment.
In the present embodiment, selected die-casting die steel dimensions is 350mm * 250mm * 25mm; Selected die casting steel is high carbon high chromium alloy steel SKD61.
Embodiment 1
A kind of hot-work die steel vacuum isothermal treatment process comprises the following steps:
Step (1): hot-work die steel workpiece to be heated is sent in high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace, set vacuum air-quenching technique according to the technical requirements of hot-work die steel workpiece, and according to the vacuum air-quenching technique that sets through 500 ℃ and 850 ℃ of two sections intensification preheatings, after being warming up to 1020 ℃ of top temperatures that set vacuum air-quenching technique, be incubated 60 minutes under 1020 ℃;
Step (2): after insulating process described in step (1) finishes, open cooling blower, simultaneously in 1～3 second in the high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace charged pressure be the pure nitrogen of 6 MPa pressure, make hot-work die steel workpiece cooling down, when the hot-work die steel workpiece through step (1) is cooled to 500 ℃ in described high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace, begin to regulate the input of rotating speed and the pure nitrogen of blower fan, make the hot-work die steel workpiece in stove after 5 minutes, recover the input of rotation speed of fan and pure nitrogen 500 ℃ of stops;
Step (3): in the time of will continuing to be cooled to 320 ℃ in high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace through the hot-work die steel workpiece of step (2), begin to regulate the input of rotating speed and the pure nitrogen of blower fan, hot-work die steel workpiece in stove was stopped 30 minutes at 320 ℃, recover the input of rotation speed of fan and pure nitrogen;
Step (4): will continue to be placed on through the hot-work die steel workpiece of step (3) be cooled to 70 ℃ in high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace after, close blower fan and pure nitrogen, the hot-work die steel workpiece is come out of the stove, and naturally cools to room temperature.
Then with the hot-work die steel workpiece 560～600 ℃ of tempering 3 times, each 3 hours, cooling in air after taking out, whole process finished.
Finished product Rockwell hardness detected result is 44HRC;
The finished product deformation quantity is 0.18mm, less than the minimum deformation quantity 0.20mm of technical requirements.
Embodiment 2
A kind of hot-work die steel vacuum isothermal treatment process comprises the following steps:
Step (1): hot-work die steel workpiece to be heated is sent in high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace, set vacuum air-quenching technique according to the technical requirements of hot-work die steel workpiece, and according to the vacuum air-quenching technique that sets through 500 ℃ and 850 ℃ of two sections intensification preheatings, after being warming up to 1020 ℃ of top temperatures that set vacuum air-quenching technique, be incubated 60 minutes under 1020 ℃;
Step (2): after insulating process described in step (1) finishes, open cooling blower, simultaneously in 1～3 second in the high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace charged pressure be the pure nitrogen of 6 MPa pressure, make hot-work die steel workpiece cooling down, when the hot-work die steel workpiece through step (1) is cooled to 520 ℃ in described high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace, begin to regulate the input of rotating speed and the pure nitrogen of blower fan, make the hot-work die steel workpiece in stove after 3 minutes, recover the input of rotation speed of fan and pure nitrogen 520 ℃ of stops;
Step (3): in the time of will continuing to be cooled to 300 ℃ in high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace through the hot-work die steel workpiece of step (2), begin to regulate the input of rotating speed and the pure nitrogen of blower fan, hot-work die steel workpiece in stove was stopped 5 minutes at 300 ℃, recover the input of rotation speed of fan and pure nitrogen;
Step (4): will continue to be placed on through the hot-work die steel workpiece of step (3) be cooled to 70 ℃ in high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace after, close blower fan and pure nitrogen, the hot-work die steel workpiece is come out of the stove, and naturally cools to room temperature.
Then with the hot-work die steel workpiece 560～600 ℃ of tempering 3 times, each 3 hours, cooling in air after taking out, whole process finished.
Finished product Rockwell hardness detected result is 42.6HRC;
The finished product deformation quantity is 0.15mm, less than the minimum deformation quantity 0.20mm of technical requirements.
In above-described embodiment, the detection method of finished product Rockwell hardness is carried out according to State Standard of the People's Republic of China GB/T 230.1-2009.
Hot-work die steel material in the present invention is not limited to high carbon high chromium alloy steel SKD61.
Claims (5)
1. hot-work die steel vacuum isothermal treatment process is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
Step (1): hot-work die steel workpiece to be heated is placed in high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace, set vacuum air-quenching technique according to the technical requirements of hot-work die steel workpiece, and heat up according to setting technique subsection, after being warming up to the top temperature that sets vacuum air-quenching technique, be incubated under described top temperature, described soaking time is with reference to the vacuum air-quenching technique that sets;
Step (2): after insulating process described in step (1) finishes, charged pressure is the pure nitrogen of 6 MPa pressure in the high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace in 1～3 second, and will be cooled to 500～520 ℃ in described high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace through the hot-work die steel workpiece of step (1), the hot-work die steel workpiece kept in the high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace of 500～520 ℃ 3～5 minutes;
Step (3): will continue through the hot-work die steel workpiece of step (2) to be cooled to 300～320 ℃ in high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace, the hot-work die steel workpiece keeps in the high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace of 300～320 ℃ 2～30 minutes;
Step (4): will continue to be placed on through the hot-work die steel workpiece of step (3) and come out of the stove after being cooled to 70 ℃ in high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace, and naturally cool to room temperature.
2. hot-work die steel vacuum isothermal treatment process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace comprises operating system, liquid nitrogen input system, pressure system, cooling system and indicating system.
3. hot-work die steel vacuum isothermal treatment process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: material mark, shape, size and the technical requirements of the set basis hot-work die of the vacuum air-quenching processing parameter of described hot-work die steel are carried out.
4. hot-work die steel vacuum isothermal treatment process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with cooling blower, in described step (2), step (3) and step (4), in high-pressure gas-quenching vacuum furnace, the control of temperature realizes by the rotating speed of regulating cooling blower.
5. according to claim 1 with 4 described hot-work die steel vacuum isothermal treatment process, it is characterized in that: the regulative mode of described cooling blower rotating speed is controlled rotation speed of fan and is realized automatically regulating with the Changing Pattern in temperature field in high-pressure vacuum air-quenching furnace for by adopting computer modeling technique.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103468896A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-25 | 上海市机械制造工艺研究所有限公司 | Vacuum quenching and cooling method of H13 steel |
| CN104164543A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-11-26 | 佛山顶锋日嘉模具有限公司 | Quenching method for hot work die steel |
| CN106435121A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-02-22 | 大连圣洁热处理科技发展有限公司 | High-pressure gas quenching furance |
| CN106498132A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-03-15 | 大连圣洁热处理科技发展有限公司 | High-pressure gas quenching process for die |
| CN106929647A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-07-07 | 东莞市华兴隆模具钢材有限公司 | A kind of vacuum heat-treating method of mould steel |
| CN108350516A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2018-07-31 | 日产自动车株式会社 | Gas quenching method |
| CN111375717A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-07-07 | 上海长特锻造有限公司 | Forging process of besides-star wheel with handle |
| CN112280950A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-01-29 | 昆山市福玛精密钣金有限公司 | Steel hardening and tempering equipment and efficient vacuum isothermal treatment process thereof |
| CN112609047A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-04-06 | 广东添富镁热处理有限公司 | Negative pressure heat treatment method |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103468896A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-25 | 上海市机械制造工艺研究所有限公司 | Vacuum quenching and cooling method of H13 steel |
| CN104164543A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-11-26 | 佛山顶锋日嘉模具有限公司 | Quenching method for hot work die steel |
| CN108350516A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2018-07-31 | 日产自动车株式会社 | Gas quenching method |
| CN106435121A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-02-22 | 大连圣洁热处理科技发展有限公司 | High-pressure gas quenching furance |
| CN106498132A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-03-15 | 大连圣洁热处理科技发展有限公司 | High-pressure gas quenching process for die |
| CN106435121B (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2018-05-29 | 大连圣洁热处理科技发展有限公司 | A kind of high-pressure gas quenching furnace |
| CN106929647A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-07-07 | 东莞市华兴隆模具钢材有限公司 | A kind of vacuum heat-treating method of mould steel |
| CN111375717A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-07-07 | 上海长特锻造有限公司 | Forging process of besides-star wheel with handle |
| CN112280950A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-01-29 | 昆山市福玛精密钣金有限公司 | Steel hardening and tempering equipment and efficient vacuum isothermal treatment process thereof |
| CN112609047A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-04-06 | 广东添富镁热处理有限公司 | Negative pressure heat treatment method |
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Application publication date: 20130515 |