CN103098529B - The apparatus and method of support position more new registration procedure in machine to machine communication system - Google Patents
The apparatus and method of support position more new registration procedure in machine to machine communication system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103098529B CN103098529B CN201180043309.3A CN201180043309A CN103098529B CN 103098529 B CN103098529 B CN 103098529B CN 201180043309 A CN201180043309 A CN 201180043309A CN 103098529 B CN103098529 B CN 103098529B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W60/00—Affiliation to network, e.g. registration; Terminating affiliation with the network, e.g. de-registration
- H04W60/02—Affiliation to network, e.g. registration; Terminating affiliation with the network, e.g. de-registration by periodical registration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W8/00—Network data management
- H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/12—Access point controller devices
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
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- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Provide a kind of machine to machine（M2M）It is used to support to be used for movement station in communication（MS）Idle mode operations location updating registration process apparatus and method.This method includes：Determine whether system global position renewal registration timer being applied to MS, when it is determined that updating registration timer without application global position, it is determined that the timer for the more new position when MS is operated at the idling mode, and the message for including the timer is sent to the MS.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of system for the communication for supporting machine to machine.More particularly it relates to a kind of support
Apparatus and method for the location updating registration process of the idle mode operations of movement station in machine to machine communication system.
Background technology
Implementing the machine to machine to be communicated for the data between holding equipment（M2M）The research of communication service, its
In almost without or only limited human interaction.M2M communication service is reducing management equipment by automatically controlling and communicating
Concern is caused in terms of cost, and be considered as may be used on the fleet management of motor vehicle and be installed to motor vehicle product,
Intelligence instrument, home automation and the technology of health care.
It is movement station, only in Conventional communication systems to support that the M2M communication system of M2M communication should consider to support to be different from
The equipment that limited data are sent and received during the time of limitation.For example, intelligence instrument can be only to intelligence instrument service
Device sends the value of a measurement in month once, and the healthcare information from care server can be used to upgrade health care once a day
Equipment.
Because such equipment most of the time is operated in idle pulley, it is possible to applies the channel radio in association area
Idle-mode process defined in letter system.But by the paging cycle of the equipment of association area（paging cycle）Using
It is poorly efficient to will not continually send and receive the equipment of data as described above.In addition, in the wireless communication system of association area
In without long paging cycle is defined, so as to define.
Time-based location updating registration process used in the idle pulley of the wireless communication system of association area also may be used
To be applied to the M2M communication system, it is contemplated that unique characteristic of the equipment.Specifically, a kind of association area
Identical value is applied to the movement station under idle pulley by the method for operating position renewal registration timer.When by identical position more
When new registration timer is applied to the equipment of the long paging cycle such as in M2M communication system, even if ought not have data to receive
When movement station also frequently wake up for location updating register.The location updating registration process can cause the substantial amounts of of the equipment
Control signal expense and power consumption.Therefore, it is desirable to by the M2M communication service for considering to send and receive such as above-mentioned less data, come
Define location updating registration process.
The content of the invention
Each aspect of the present invention is at least the above and/or shortcoming to be solved, and to be provided at least as described below
Advantage.Therefore, an aspect of of the present present invention is to provide for a kind of free time supported for movement station in machine to machine communication system
The apparatus and method of the location updating registration process of pattern operation.
Another aspect of the present invention is to provide for one kind and defined for all using long paging in machine to machine communication system
The apparatus and method of the location updating registration timer for the movement station that phase works at the idling mode.
The another aspect of the present invention is to provide for a kind of for consulting to be used in machine to machine communication system
The location updating registration process of the idle pulley for the movement station being operated under the idle pulley using long paging cycle based on when
Between location updating registration timer apparatus and method.
The present invention yet another aspect be to provide for it is a kind of in machine to machine communication system be used for reduce movement station
The apparatus and method of the control signal expense of location updating registration process and the power consumption of movement station.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided one kind supports machine to machine（M2M）System controls in the system of communication
The operating method of device.This method includes：Determine whether system global position renewal registration timer being applied to movement station（MS）；
When it is determined that not applying global position to update registration timer, it is determined that for the more new position when MS works at the idling mode
Timer；And the message for including the timer is sent to MS.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided MS operating method in a kind of system for supporting M2M communication.This method
Including the message for the timer for receiving the location updating for including being used in the idle mode operations of the MS；And according to being received
Timer execution position more new registration procedure.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided the device of system controller in a kind of system for supporting M2M communication.Should
Device includes：Controller, it is used to determine whether system global position renewal registration timer being applied to MS, and for when determination
When not applying global position renewal registration timer, it is determined that the timer for the location updating in MS idle pulley；And receive
Device is sent out, the message of the timer is included for being sent to MS.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided the device of MS in the system for supporting M2M communication a kind of.The device
Including：Transceiver, the message of the timer for receiving the location updating for including being used in MS idle mode operations；And control
Device processed, for according to the timer execution position more new registration procedure received.
From the detailed description of one exemplary embodiment that the present invention is disclosed below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, its other party of the invention
Face, advantage and notable feature will readily appear to those skilled in the art.
Brief description of the drawings
From the description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the above and other aspect of particular exemplary embodiment of the present invention, feature and
Advantage will become clearer, wherein：
Fig. 1 is support machine to machine according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention（M2M）The M2M communication system of communication
Figure；
Fig. 2 is facility registration process of the system controller according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention in M2M communication system
The flow chart of the method for the time-based location updating registration timer of middle control movement station；
Fig. 3 is that movement station according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention is located during the facility registration of M2M communication system
Manage the flow chart of the method for location updating registration timer；
Fig. 4 is idle pulley negotiation of the system controller according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention in M2M communication system
During control movement station location updating registration timer method flow chart；
Fig. 5 is idle pulley negotiations process of the movement station according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention in M2M communication system
The flow chart of the method for middle processing position renewal registration timer；
Fig. 6 is in M2M communication system according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention under system controller control idle pulley
The flow chart of the method for the location updating registration timer of the change of movement station；
Fig. 7 is that movement station handles change at the idling mode in M2M communication system according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention
The flow chart of the method for the location updating registration timer of change；
Fig. 8 is the processing movement during the facility registration of M2M communication system according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention
The signal flow diagram of the method for the time-based location updating registration timer stood；
Fig. 9 is the idle pulley negotiations process in M2M communication system according to another one exemplary embodiment of the present invention
The signal flow diagram of the method for the time-based location updating registration timer of middle processing movement station；
Figure 10 is being handled during the facility registration of M2M communication system according to another one exemplary embodiment of the invention
The signal flow diagram of the method for the time-based location updating registration timer of movement station；And
Figure 11 be according to the present invention another one exemplary embodiment in the idle pulley negotiations process of M2M communication system
Handle the signal flow diagram of the method for the time-based location updating registration timer of movement station.
Throughout accompanying drawing, similar reference number will be understood to refer to similar part, part and structure.
Embodiment
Description referring to the drawings is provided to help of the invention to show to what is limited by claim and its equivalents
The comprehensive understanding of exemplary embodiment.Still these details will be to be considered merely as demonstrating the various specific details that it includes helping to understand
Property.Therefore, those of ordinary skill in the art it will be recognized that can to embodiment described here carry out various changes and
Modification is without departing from scope and spirit of the present invention.In addition, for clarity and conciseness, it is convenient to omit known function and structure are retouched
State.
The term and word used in following described and claimed is not limited to their lexical meaning, but only by sending out
A person of good sense be used for enable the present invention understanding understand with it is consistent.Therefore, it is obvious to those skilled in the art, there is provided the present invention
One exemplary embodiment following description for illustration purposes only, rather than in order to by appended claims and its equivalents
The purpose that the present invention of definition is limited.
It will be appreciated that singulative " one ", "one" and "the" include plural form, unless context clearly refers in addition
Go out.So as to for example, referring to that " parts surface " includes referring to one or more this surfaces.
Term, which " generally " is meant, need not definitely realize the feature, parameter or value, but those errors or change
（Including such as tolerance, measurement error, measurement accuracy limitation and other factorses known to those skilled in the art）Can be not arrange
Except the amount that this feature is intended to the effect of offer is present.
The one exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides one kind in machine to machine（M2M）The free time of equipment in communication system
The technology of time-based location updating registration process is supported under pattern.
Hereinafter, it is referred to as movement station for the ease of description, the equipment（MS）.Manage for the idle mould used in the MS
The network entity of the timer of location updating registration process under formula is referred to as system controller.However, the system controller can
With referred to as paging controller.
Fig. 1 is the figure of the M2M communication system of support M2M communication according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
Reference picture 1, the M2M communication system include supporting M2M equipment 101-1,101-2 and 101-3 of M2M communication, supported
The M2M access service network of M2M communication（ASN）102, as M2M ASN102 it is a part, for providing M2M equipment 101-
1st, the access point of 101-2 and 101-3 wireless access（AP）103, support the M2M connectivity serving networks of M2M communication（CSN）104,
With the M2M servers 105 for supporting M2M communication.
M2M equipment 101-1,101-2 and 101-3 are the MS of the application comprising the installation for M2M communication.ASN102 is provided
Wireless aps, for the communication between M2M equipment 101-1,101-2 and 101-3 and M2M servers 105.AP103 is base station, is used for
Control the Radio Resource for the communication between M2M equipment 101-1,101-2 and 101-3 and M2M servers 105.M2M
CSN104 provides user's Connection Service to M2M equipment 101-1,101-2 and 101-3.M2M servers 105 and one or more M2M
Equipment 101-1,101-2 and 101-3 communicate, comprising application program installation for M2M communication, and including for user's access
Interface.According to system administration, M2M servers 105 may belong to M2M CSN104.
In the M2M communication system, the air interface between M2M equipment 101-1,101-2 and 101-3 and AP103 can
With according to IEEE（IEEE）802.16 communication standards use.In this case, M2M equipment
101-1,101-2 and 101-3 can play the MS defined in IEEE802.16 communication systems.
Fig. 2 is facility registration process of the system controller according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention in M2M communication system
The flow chart of the method for middle control MS time-based location updating registration timer.Herein, the system controller includes position
Put renewal registration timer controller, transmitters and receivers.
Reference picture 2, in step 201, the system controller starting device registration process；That is, the network of the MS entered
Journey.
In step 205, the system controller determines whether the MS supports idle pulley.
When determining that the MS does not support idle pulley in step 205, the system controller performs remaining facility registration
Process, and the facility registration process of the MS is terminated in step 211, then terminate the process.
When determining that the MS supports idle pulley in step 205, the system controller determines that the MS is in step 207
It is no to support long paging cycle.That is, by checking the paging cycle of the MS, system controller determines the MS checked paging week
Whether the phase is more than reference value.Herein, the long paging cycle of the MS is supported to mean apply to remove what is defined according to correlation technique
Paging cycle value outside paging cycle value.The paging cycle of the one exemplary embodiment of the present invention is longer than reference value（For example, 1 day,
1 week, 1 month etc.）, because even being answered when by the most long paging cycle value defined in a communications system according to correlation technique
When using the MS, the power consumption of the MS is nor efficient.Herein, it is special by the device class or default equipment that obtain the MS
Property, obtain the information whether MS supports long paging cycle.
When determining that the MS supports long paging cycle in step 207, system controller is ordered based on the MS in step 209
The service read（For example, M2M is serviced）Characteristic, it is determined that with application suitable for the MS time-based location updating register timing
Device is as the specific timer of equipment for the MS, with time-based location updating registration process at the idling mode
In, and to time-based location updating registration timer determined by MS transmissions, then proceed to step 211.In addition, should
The service that system controller is subscribed to based on the MS（For example, M2M is serviced）Characteristic, the paging cycle of the MS is set.Herein, it is based on
The location updating registration process of time indicates the location updating registration process in the cycle of the MS at the idling mode, and the cycle
In accordance with the time-based location updating registration timer.Meanwhile time-based location updating registration timer information can
So that in the registration reply message that MS is received, the exemplary of the message is shown in table 1 during facility registration
Structure.The registration reply message is the message sent from base station to the MS, and system controller using another control message to
Base station provides the time-based location updating registration timer information.
[table 1]
Table 1
The time-based location updating registration timer information is also managed by system controller for MS, in table 2
The demonstrative structure of described information is shown.
[table 2]
Table 2
On the contrary, when determining that the MS does not support long paging cycle in step 207, i.e. when the MS need not support to grow
During paging cycle, system controller determine in step 213 and using as timer be globally applied to the system based on
The location updating registration timer of time, with the MS of idle pulley time-based location updating registration process, so
After proceed to step 211.Herein, the time-based location updating registration timer for being globally applied to the system is nothing
Need single control message and default to the value for the common MS for supporting idle pulley, and lead to corresponding to support M2M is also applied to
The MS of letter default location renewal registration timer.
Fig. 3 is that movement station according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention is located during the facility registration of M2M communication system
Manage the flow chart of the method for location updating registration timer.Herein, the MS includes location updating registration timer processor, sent
Device and receiver.
Reference picture 3, in step 301, MS starting device registration processes；That is, network enters process.
In step 303, MS determines whether it supports idle pulley.
When determining that the MS does not support idle pulley in step 303, the MS performs remaining facility registration process, and
Step 309 termination device registration process, then terminates the process.
When determining that the MS supports idle pulley in step 303, the MS determines whether to receive equipment in step 305
Specific time-based location updating registration timer.Herein, the time-based location updating registration timer information
It may be embodied in during facility registration in the registration reply message that MS is received, the demonstration of the message shown in table 1
Property structure.
Once determining to receive the time-based location updating registration timer in step 305, the MS is just in step
Registration timer is specifically updated as timer with used in idle mould based on time location using received equipment in rapid 307
Under formula based in time location more new registration procedure, then proceed to step 309.That is, when the timer expires, the MS is held
Row position updating process.
On the contrary, once determine that being not received by the time location that is based on updates registration timer in step 305, should
MS just in step 311 using global application to the system based on time location update registration timer as timer with
At the idling mode based in time location more new registration procedure, then proceed to step 309.Herein, the global application
Corresponded to the system based on time location renewal registration timer without single control message and default to the silent of the MS
Recognize location updating registration timer.
Up to the present, the location updating registration timer for determining to be used for MS is illustrated with used in the mistake of facility registration process
Under idle pulley in journey.According to another one exemplary embodiment, can consult in the MS of idle pulley to be entered idle pulley
Location updating registration timer is determined during process, rather than facility registration process.Now, solved by referring to Figure 4 and 5
Release a kind of method for being used to determine location updating registration timer during MS idle pulley negotiations process.
Fig. 4 is idle pulley negotiation of the system controller according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention in M2M communication system
During control MS location updating registration timer method flow chart.
Reference picture 4, system controller start the idle pulley negotiations process of the MS in step 401.
In step 403, system controller determines whether the MS supports the long paging cycle.
When determining that the MS supports long paging cycle in step 403, system controller is ordered based on the MS in step 405
The service read（For example, M2M is serviced）Characteristic, specifically determined using the equipment suitable for the MS based on time location more new registration
When device as the MS the specific timer of equipment, with the idling mode based on time location more new registration procedure
In, and to equipment determined by MS transmissions specifically based on time location renewal registration timer.In addition, system controller base
In the service that the MS is subscribed to（For example, M2M is serviced）Characteristic, the paging cycle of the MS is set.Herein, the specific base of the equipment
It may be embodied in idle pulley negotiations process to enter in the MS idle pulleys received in time location renewal registration timer information
Enter in response message, the demonstrative structure of the message is shown in table 1.Idle pulley enter response message be from base station to
The message that the MS is sent, and system controller provides the time-based location updating to base station using another control message and noted
Volume timer information.Idle pulley, which enters response message, can be referred to as cancel register response（De-Registration
Response, DREG-RSP）Message or DREG- orders（CMD）Message.
System controller performs remaining idle pulley negotiations process, and terminates the idle pulley association of the MS in step 407
Business's process, then terminate this process.
On the contrary, when determining that the MS does not support long paging cycle in step 403；That is, when the MS need not support to grow
During paging cycle, system controller determine in step 409 and using as be globally applied to the system based on when meta
Renewal registration timer is put as the timer for the MS, was registered with the time-based location updating used in idle pulley
Cheng Zhong, then proceed to step 407.Herein, it is described be globally applied to the system based on time location more new registration timing
Device is to default to the value for the common MS for supporting idle pulley without single control message, and corresponds to and be also applied to support
The MS of M2M communication default location renewal registration timer.
Fig. 5 is the MS processing in the idle pulley negotiations process of M2M communication system according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention
The flow chart of the method for location updating registration timer.
Reference picture 5, the MS start idle pulley negotiations process in step 501.
In step 503, the MS determines whether to receive equipment specifically time-based location updating registration timer.
Herein, the equipment specifically may be embodied in idle pulley negotiations process based on time location renewal registration timer information
Enter response message in the idle pulley that MS is received（That is, DREG-RSP）In, the exemplary knot of the message is shown in table 1
Structure.
Once determine to receive the equipment specifically time-based location updating registration timer in step 503,
The MS just in step 505 the time-based location updating registration timer that is received of application as use at the idling mode
Based on the timer in time location more new registration procedure.That is, when the timer expires, the MS execution position renewal processes.
The MS performs remaining idle pulley negotiations process, and the idle pulley negotiations process is terminated in step 507, so
After terminate this process.
On the contrary, when MS determines to be not received by step 503 the renewal registration timer based on time location,
The MS is just used using global application to the system based on time location renewal registration timer as the MS in step 509
At the idling mode based on the timer in time location more new registration procedure, then proceed to step 507.Herein, it is described
Global application is corresponded to without single control message to the system and defaulted to based on time location renewal registration timer
The location updating registration timer of the acquiescence of the MS.
Fig. 6 is that system controller is controlled under idle pulley in the M2M communication system of one exemplary embodiment according to the present invention
The flow chart of the method for the location updating registration timer of MS change.
Reference picture 6, system controller start the MS of free time location updating registration process in step 601.
In step 603, the system controller determines whether that the time-based location updating registration of the MS must be changed
Timer.When the MS ask change paging cycle when or when system controller determine change the MS paging cycle when, based on when
Between location updating registration timer need to change.When the paging cycle of the MS becomes longer than or be shorter than current paging cycle
When, can according to corresponding paging cycle come extend or shorten the equipment of the MS specifically time-based location updating register it is fixed
When device, or can use and globally be applied to the time-based location updating registration timer of the system.
When in step 603 determining that the time-based location updating registration timer of the MS need not be changed, system
Controller performs remaining location updating registration process, and the position updating process is terminated in step 609, then terminates this mistake
Journey.
On the contrary, when in step 603 determining that the time-based location updating registration timer of the MS must be changed,
System controller removes the equipment specifically time-based location updating registration timer, and determining in step 605 of the MS
Whether the time-based location updating registration timer globally applied within the system is applied to the MS.
When it is determined that removing the equipment specifically time-based location updating registration timer, and in step 605 of the MS
It is determined that when the time-based location updating registration timer of global application in the system is applied into the MS, system controller exists
Determined in step 607 and using the time-based location updating registration timer of global application in the system, as this
Timer in the time-based location updating registration process of MS use at the idling mode, and sent to the MS and be based on the time
Location updating registration timer application identifier, indicate the global time-based location updating registration timer of the system
Application.Herein, the time-based location updating registration timer application indicator information may be embodied in location updating
During registration process in the location updating registration reply message that MS is received, the exemplary knot of the message is shown in table 3
Structure.
[table 3]
Table 3
Alternatively, system controller can send the global time-based location updating registration of the system calmly to the MS
When device, rather than time-based location updating registration timer application identifier.Herein, when the overall situation of the system is based on
Between location updating registration timer information may be embodied in location updating registration process MS receive location updating registration
In response message, the demonstrative structure of the message is shown in table 4.
[table 4]
Table 4
Herein, the location updating registration reply message of the information comprising table 3 or table 4 is that the control sent from base station to MS disappears
Breath, and system controller instructs base station to the information of MS offer tables 3 or table 4 using another control message.
Next, system controller performs remaining location updating registration process, and final position updates in step 609
Registration process, then terminate this process.
On the contrary, it ought determine not register the time-based location updating of global application in the system in step 605
When timer is applied to the MS, system controller is based on the service subscribed to by the MS in step 611（For example, M2M is serviced）'s
Characteristic, it is determined that and application be used in the free time as the MS suitable for the new time-based location updating registration timer of the MS
The timer in time-based location updating registration process under pattern, and it is specific to equipment new determined by MS transmissions
Time-based location updating registration timer, then proceed to step 609.Herein, the new equipment is specifically based on
The location updating registration timer information of time may be embodied in the location updating received during location updating registration process in MS
In registration reply message, the demonstrative structure of the message is shown in table 1.Location updating registration reply message is from base
Stand the control message sent to the MS, and system controller using another control message instruct base station to MS provide it is new based on
The location updating registration timer information of time.
Fig. 7 is the change under the idle pulley of MS processing M2M communication systems according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention
The flow chart of the method for location updating registration timer.
Reference picture 7, the MS is operated in step 701 in the not interorbital space of idle pulley, and determination is in step 703
The no more new registration procedure of execution position in time.When the condition for meeting to set in the system, for example, when the MS leaves seeking for it
When exhaling group or when time-based location updating registration timer expires, and when the condition for meeting arbitrarily to be set by the MS
When, can be with execution position more new registration procedure.
When it is not execution position more new registration procedure to be determined in step 703, the MS return to step 701.
On the contrary, when determining execution position more new registration procedure in time in step 703, the MS is in step 705
The sleep interval of idle pulley is left, and starts location updating registration process.
In step 707, the MS determines whether to receive the time-based position that global application in the system is applied in instruction
Put the time-based location updating registration timer application identifier of renewal registration timer.Herein, it is described time-based
Location updating registration timer application indicator information may be embodied in location updating registration process in the position that the MS is received
Update in registration reply message, the demonstrative structure of the message is shown in table 3.In alternatively, instead of based on the time
Location updating registration timer application indicator information, the time-based position of global application in the system can be received more
New registration timer.Herein, the time-based location updating registration timer information of global application can be with the described system
Included in location updating registration process in the location updating registration reply message that MS is received, described disappear is shown in table 4
The demonstrative structure of breath.
Once determine to have been received by the time-based location updating registration timer application of the system in step 707
Designator, the MS is just using the time-based location updating registration of global application in the system received in step 709
Timer, as with the timer in time-based location updating registration process at the idling mode, perform remaining position
More new registration procedure, and the location updating registration process is terminated in step 711, and proceed to step 713.The MS is in step
The sleep interval of idle pulley is converted in 713, then terminates this process.
The time-based location updating registration timing for being not received by the system is determined in step 707 on the contrary, working as
During device application identifier, the MS determines whether to receive new equipment specifically time-based location updating in a step 715
Registration timer.Herein, specifically time-based location updating registration timer information may be embodied in the new equipment
In location updating registration process in the location updating registration reply message that MS is received, showing for the message is shown in table 1
Plasticity structure.
If determine to receive the new equipment specifically time-based location updating registration timing in a step 715
Device, then the MS is in step 717 using the new time-based location updating registration timer received, as used in the free time
Under pattern based on the timer in time location more new registration procedure, and proceed to step 711.
If determining to be not received by the new time-based location updating registration timer in a step 715,
The MS continuously using current location renewal registration timer, as use at the idling mode based on time location update note
Timer during volume, then proceeds to step 711.
Fig. 8 is the processing MS during the facility registration of M2M communication system according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention
The signal flow diagram of the method for time-based location updating registration timer.
Reference picture 8, MS800 is in step 801 by base station（BS）840, which send signal, obtains for the same of the BS840
Step, and send distance measurement request message to BS840 in step 803.The BS840 of the distance measurement request message is received in step 805
Ranging response message is sent to MS800.
The MS800 for receiving ranging response message sends the subscriber station for including device class information in step 807 to BS840
Basic capacity（SBC）Request message.Herein, device class information indicates the M2M communication characteristic of the MS800.Connect in step 809
The BS840 for receiving the SBC request messages disappears to MS pre-registration requests of the transmission of system controller 850 comprising the device class information
Breath.Herein, system controller 850 can be ASN gateways（ASN-GW）And it can correspond to Relay paging controller（PC）.
In step 811, the system controller 850 for receiving the MS pre-registration request messages sends MS pre-registrations to BS840
Response message, and the BS840 for receiving the MS pre-registration response messages in step 813 sends SBC response messages to MS800.
System controller 850 sends the request of location updating registration timer to paging controller 860 and disappeared in step 815
Breath, to ask the location updating registration timer information of the device class for MS800.Herein, paging controller 860 corresponds to
Anchor paging controller（anchor paging controller）.In step 817, receiving the location updating registration timer please
Ask the paging controller 860 of message to send the location updating registration timer comprising corresponding MS800 to system controller 850 to believe
The location updating registration timer response message of breath.
Meanwhile in step 819, the MS800 for receiving the SBC response messages is performed and BS840 and system controller 850
Verification process, and send REG-REQ message to BS840 in step 821.In step 823, the REG-REQ message is received
BS840 sends MS REG-REQ message to system controller 850.In step 825, the system for receiving the MS REG-REQ message
Controller 850 sends the MS REG-RSP message of the location updating registration timer information comprising MS800 to BS840.In step
In 827, the BS840 for receiving the MS REG-RSP message sends the REG- for including location updating registration timer information to MS800
RSP message.
Although using REG-RSP message transmission location updating registration timer information in Fig. 8, when MS800 enters the free time
It can enter response message with idle pulley to carry location updating registration timer information during pattern.
In fig. 8, BS840 and system controller 850 represent as single entity.But in other one exemplary embodiments
In, BS840 and system controller 850 are configured to single entity.That is, BS840 may belong to system controller 850.At this
In the case of kind, step 809,811,823 and 825 are the signalings within system controller 850.
In fig. 8, system controller 850 and paging controller 860 represent as single entity.But in other demonstrations
In property embodiment, system controller 850 and paging controller 860 may be constructed single entity.That is, paging controller 860 can be with
Belong to system controller 850.In this case, step 815 and 817 is signaling within system controller 850.
Up to the present, position is obtained from control message during MS facility registration process or idle pulley negotiations process
Update registration timer information.In other one exemplary embodiments, because location updating registration timer information is when the MS is ordered
Read a kind of information of the device class obtained during M2M communication service, it is possible to consider that the MS need not be used as above individually
Control message obtains the situation of location updating registration timer information.In such a case, it is possible to consider to allow MS to paging
Controller provides its device class information and allows paging controller to obtain the location updating registration being obtained ahead of time by the MS
The situation of timer information, described referring to Fig. 9.
Fig. 9 is the idle pulley negotiations process in M2M communication system according to another one exemplary embodiment of the present invention
The signal flow diagram of the method for middle processing MS time-based location updating registration timer.
Reference picture 9, MS900 to BS940 in step 901 by sending synchronization of the signal acquisition for BS940, and in step
In rapid 903 distance measurement request message is sent to BS940.The BS940 that the distance measurement request message is received in step 905 is sent out to MS900
Send ranging response message.
In step 907, the MS900 for receiving the ranging response message sends the SBC for including device class information to BS940
Request message.Herein, device class information is included by the characteristic of the MS900 M2M communication services subscribed to, and idle mode feature
（That is, location updating registration timer）.In step 909, the BS940 for receiving the SBC request messages is sent out to system controller 950
Send the MS pre-registration request messages for including the device class information.Herein, system controller 950 can be ASN-GW, and can be with
Corresponding to Relay paging controller.
In step 911, the system controller 950 for receiving the MS pre-registration request messages sends MS pre-registrations to BS940
Response message, and in step 913, the BS940 for receiving the MS pre-registration response messages sends SBC response messages to MS900.
MS900, BS940 and system controller 950 perform verification process and registration process in step 915.In step 917
Middle MS900 sends and receives data via BS940 and system controller 950.
Meanwhile when the MS900 for sending and receiving data is intended to enter idle pulley, MS900 in step 919 to
BS940 sends idle mode entry request message.In step 921, receive the BS940 of the idle mode entry request message to
System controller 950 sends the MS idle-mode request messages of the MS.
The system controller 950 for receiving the MS idle-mode request messages is sent in step 923 to paging controller 960
Ask the MS idle-mode request messages of the idle mode information of the MS900.Herein, the MS idle-mode request messages, which include, is somebody's turn to do
MS900 device class information, and paging controller 960 corresponds to anchor paging controller.Receive the MS idle mode requests
Device class information of the paging controller 960 based on the MS900 of message, obtain and manage the location updating registration of the MS900
Timer information, and the parameter applied comprising MS900 at the idling mode is sent to system controller 950 in step 925
Information MS idle pulley response messages.
The system controller for receiving the MS idle pulley response messages includes the sky in step 927 to BS940 transmissions
The idle pulley response message of not busy mode parameter information.Receive the BS940 of the MS idle pulley response messages in step 929 to
MS900 sends the idle pulley comprising the idle mode parameters information and enters response message.
Next, the MS900 and paging controller 960 that receive the idle pulley into response message are operated in idle pulley
Under, and apply the location updating registration timer.
In fig.9, BS940 and system controller 950 represent as single entity.But in other one exemplary embodiments
In, single entity can be used as to form BS940 and system controller 950.That is, BS940 may belong to system controller 950.
In this case, step 909,911,921 and 927 are the signalings within system controller 950.
In fig.9, system controller 950 and paging controller 960 represent as single entity.But in other demonstrations
Property embodiment in, single entity can be used as to form system controller 950 and paging controller 960.That is, paging controller 960
It may belong to system controller 950.In this case, step 923 and 925 is signaling within system controller 950.
Figure 10 is being handled during the facility registration of M2M communication system according to another one exemplary embodiment of the invention
The signal flow diagram of the method for MS time-based location updating registration timer.
Reference picture 10, MS1000 are directed to BS1040 synchronization in step 1001 by being obtained to BS1040 transmission signals,
And send distance measurement request message to BS1040 in step 1003.The BS1040 of the distance measurement request message is received in step 1005
Ranging response message is sent to MS1000.
The MS1000 for receiving the ranging response message sends SBC request messages for consulting in step 1007 to BS1040
The basic capacity of the MS1000.Herein, the SBC request messages can include the equipment class of notice MS1000 M2M communication characteristic
Other information.The BS1040 for receiving the SBC request messages sends the MS of the MS1000 in step 1009 to system controller 1050
Pre-registration request message.Herein, system controller 1050 can be ASN-GW, and can correspond to Relay paging controller.
The system controllers 1050 of the MS pre-registration request messages is received in step 1011 to the M2M for controlling the MS1000
The M2M servers 1070 of communication service send MS M2M communication information request messages.M2M servers 1070 are sent out in step 1013
Send the MS M2M communication info response messages of the M2M communication information comprising MS1000.MS M2M communication info response messages include
The information of MS1000 location updating registration timer information whether is individually required on the equipment.For example, MS M2M communications are believed
Breath response message can include device class information.
System controller 1050 sends MS pre-registration response messages in step 1015 to BS1040, and it is pre- to receive the MS
The BS1040 of registration reply message sends SBC response messages in step 1017 to MS1000.
The MS1000 for receiving the SBC response messages is performed in step 1019 and tested with BS1040 and system controller 1050
Card process, and send REG-REQ message to BS1040 in step 1021.The BS1040 of the REG-REQ message is received in step
In 1023 MS REG-REQ message is sent to system controller 1050.
System controller 1050 to paging controller 1060 in step 1025 by sending location updating registration timer
Request message, location updating registration timer information of the request suitable for MS1000 device class.Herein, paging controller
1060 correspond to anchor paging controller.The paging controller 1060 of the location updating registration timer request message is received in step
The location updating for including location updating registration timer information corresponding with MS1000 is sent in 1027 to system controller 1050
Registration timer response message.
System controller 1050 sends the location updating comprising the MS1000 to BS1040 in step 1029 and registers timing
The MS REG-RSP message of device information.The BS1040 for receiving the MS REG-RSP message sends bag in step 1031 to MS1000
REG-RSP message containing the location updating registration timer information.
In Fig. 10, BS1040 and system controller 1050 represent as single entity.But in other exemplary realities
Apply in example, single entity can be used as to form BS1040 and system controller 1050.That is, BS1040 may belong to system controller
1050.In this case, step 1009,1011,1023 and 1029 are the signalings within system controller 1050.
In Fig. 10, system controller 1050 and paging controller 1060 represent as single entity.But other
In one exemplary embodiment, single entity can be used as to form system controller 1050 and paging controller 1060.That is, paging control
Device 1060 may belong to system controller 1050.In this case, step 1023 and 1027 is within system controller 1050
Signaling.
Figure 11 be according to the present invention another one exemplary embodiment in the idle pulley negotiations process of M2M communication system
Handle the signal flow diagram of the method for MS time-based location updating registration timer.
Reference picture 11, MS1100 are directed to BS1140 synchronization in step 1101 by being obtained to BS1140 transmission signals,
And send distance measurement request message to BS1140 in step 1103.The BS1140 of the distance measurement request message is received in step 1105
Ranging response message is sent to MS1100.
The MS1100 for receiving the ranging response message sends SBC request messages in step 1107 to BS1140.Herein, should
SBC request messages are included by the characteristic and device class information of the MS1100 M2M communication services subscribed to.SBC requests are received to disappear
The BS1140 of breath sends the MS pre-registration request messages of the MS1100 in step 1109 to system controller 1150.Herein, it is
Controller 1150 of uniting is ASN-GW, and can correspond to Relay paging controller.
The system controllers 1150 of the MS pre-registration request messages is received in step 1111 to the M2M for controlling the MS1100
The M2M servers 1170 of communication service send MS M2M communication information request messages.M2M servers 1170 are sent out in step 1113
Send the MS M2M communication info response messages of the M2M communication information comprising MS1100.MS M2M communication info response messages include
The information of MS1100 location updating registration timer information whether is individually required on the equipment.For example, MS M2M communications are believed
Breath response message can include device class information.
System controller 1150 sends MS pre-registration response messages to BS1140 in step 1115, and it is pre- to receive the MS
The BS1140 of registration reply message sends SBC response messages in step 1117 to MS1100.
MS1100, BS1140 and system controller 1150 perform verification process and registration process in step 1119.In step
MS1100 sends and receives data via BS1140 and system controller 1150 in rapid 1121.
Meanwhile when the MS1100 for sending and receiving data is intended to enter idle pulley, MS1100 in step 1123 to
BS1140 sends idle mode entry request message.The BS1140 of the idle mode entry request message is received in step 1125
The MS idle-mode request messages of the MS1100 are sent to system controller 1150.
The system controllers 1150 of the MS idle-mode request messages is received in step 1127 to paging controller 1160
Send the MS idle-mode request messages for the idle mode information for asking the MS1100.Herein, the MS idle-mode request messages
Device class information comprising the MS1100, and paging controller 1160 corresponds to anchor paging controller.Receive the MS free time
Device class information of the paging controller 1160 based on the MS1100 of mode request message, obtain and manage the position of the MS1100
Renewal registration timer information is put, and sends and includes at the idling mode to system controller 1150 in step 1129
The MS idle pulley response messages of the information of the parameter of MS1100 applications.
The system controller 1150 for receiving the MS idle pulley response messages includes in step 1131 to BS1140 transmissions
The MS idle pulley response messages of the idle mode parameters information.The BS1140 of the MS idle pulley response messages is received in step
The idle pulley comprising the idle mode parameters information is sent to MS1100 enter response message in 1133.
Next, receive the idle pulley into response message MS1100 and paging controller 1160 at the idling mode
Work, and apply the location updating registration timer.
In fig. 11, BS1140 and system controller 1150 represent as single entity.But in other exemplary realities
Apply in example, single entity can be used as to form BS1140 and system controller 1150.That is, BS1140 may belong to system controller
1150.In this case, step 1109,1115,1125 and 1131 are the signalings within system controller 1150.
In fig. 11, system controller 1150 and paging controller 1160 represent as single entity.But other
In one exemplary embodiment, single entity can be used as to form system controller 1150 and paging controller 1160.That is, paging control
Device 1160 may belong to system controller 1150.In this case, step 1127 and 1129 is within system controller 1150
Signaling.
The M2M communication system of the one exemplary embodiment of the present invention considers to set for what no frequently data sent and received
The support of standby idle pulley, and new location updating registration timer is defined, for being operated in sky using long paging cycle
MS under not busy pattern.Therefore, by avoiding the location updating registration process in the cycle as common idle MS, i.e. logical
Cross and avoid unnecessary location updating registration process, it is possible to reduce the control signal expense of location updating registration process and equipment
Power consumption.
Although the particular exemplary with reference to the present invention is implemented to exemplify and describe the present invention, people in the art
Member is it should be understood that various changes can be carried out in terms of form and details without departing from being defined by the appended claims and the equivalents thereof
The spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (34)
1. a kind of method of the operation of the system controller in system for supporting machine to machine M2M communication, this method bag
Include：
Based on the paging cycle for determining change movement station MS, it is determined that whether the paging cycle changed is more than reference value；
If the MS changed paging cycle is more than the reference value, it is determined that will be applied onto MS timer value as M2M equipment
Specific idle-mode timer value, the specific idle-mode timer value of M2M equipment correspond to the paging cycle changed；
Instruction is produced into the first message of idle pulley, the first message includes determining on the specific idle pulley of M2M equipment
When device value information；And
The first message is sent to MS,
Wherein MS is M2M equipment, and
The wherein specific idle-mode timer value instruction of the M2M equipment updates it during idle pulley in two continuous positions
Between maximum time interval.
2. the specific idle-mode timer value of the method as described in claim 1, wherein M2M equipment is more than system global position
Update registration timer values.
3. the method as described in claim 1, the wherein first message include cancel register response (DREG-RSP) message or taken
Disappear log-in command (DREG-CMD) message.
4. method as claimed in claim 2, in addition to：
If the MS changed paging cycle is less than reference value, transmission includes system global position renewal registration timer values
The second message.
5. the method as described in claim 1, in addition to：
M2M communication characteristic based on MS determines the specific idle-mode timer value of the M2M equipment.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step of determining M2M equipment specific idle-mode timer value includes：
The message of the device class information comprising the M2M communication characteristic for indicating the MS is received from one of MS and base station BS；
Sent to paging controller comprising the device class information and ask to determine for the specific idle pulley of M2M equipment of the MS
When device value message；And
Being received from paging controller includes the message of the specific idle-mode timer value of M2M equipment for the MS.
7. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step of determining M2M equipment specific idle-mode timer includes：
Message is sent to the server of management M2M communication, request indicates the device class information of the M2M communication characteristic of the MS；
The message for including the device class information is received from the server；
Sent to paging controller comprising the device class information and ask to determine for the specific idle pulley of M2M equipment of the MS
When device value message；And
Being received from paging controller includes the message of the specific idle-mode timer value of M2M equipment for the MS.
8. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step of determining M2M equipment specific idle-mode timer value includes：
The message of the device class information comprising the M2M communication characteristic for indicating the MS is received from one of MS and BS；And
By considering that the M2M communication characteristic determines the specific idle-mode timer value of M2M equipment for the MS.
9. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step of determining M2M equipment specific idle-mode timer value includes：
Message is sent to the server of management M2M communication, request indicates the device class information of the M2M communication characteristic of the MS；
The message for including the device class information is received from the server；And
By considering that the M2M communication characteristic determines the specific idle-mode timer value of M2M equipment for the MS.
10. the method as described in claim 1, further comprise：
If system global position renewal registration timer is applied to the MS, the second message is sent to the MS, notifies the system
Global position updates registration timer；And
If system global position renewal registration timer does not apply to the MS, the 3rd message is sent to the MS, notifies new to determine
When device.
11. method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the second message includes instruction system global position renewal registration timer
The designator of application and one of value of system global position renewal registration timer.
12. method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the second message or the 3rd message are included in the location updating registration of the MS
The location updating registration reply message sent in the downlink during process.
13. a kind of method of the operation of the movement station MS in system for supporting machine to machine M2M communication, this method bag
Include：
Send the message for asking the paging cycle for changing the MS；
Instruction is received into the first message of idle pulley, the first message includes determining on the specific idle pulley of M2M equipment
When device value information；And
By using the specific idle-mode timer value execution position more new registration procedure of the M2M equipment,
The wherein MS is M2M equipment, and
Wherein if the paging cycle of the MS changed is more than reference value, then the specific idle-mode timer value of the M2M equipment
It is confirmed as will be applied onto MS timer value, the specific idle-mode timer value of M2M equipment corresponds to the paging week changed
Phase, and
Indicate the maximum time interval between two continuous positions update during idle pulley.
14. method as claimed in claim 13, the wherein first message include cancel register response (DREG-RSP) message or
Cancel register order (DREG-CMD) message.
15. method as claimed in claim 13, wherein it is complete to determine that the specific idle-mode timer value of M2M equipment is more than system
Office's location updating registration timer values.
16. method as claimed in claim 15, in addition to：
If the paging cycle of the MS is less than reference value, receiving includes the second of system global position renewal registration timer values
Message.
17. method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the M2M communication characteristic based on MS determines M2M equipment specifically idle mould
Formula timer value.
18. a kind of device of system controller in the system for supporting machine to machine M2M communication, the device include：
Controller, configuration come：Based on the paging cycle for determining change movement station MS, it is determined that whether the paging cycle changed is more than ginseng
Examine value；If the MS changed paging cycle is more than reference value, it is determined that the timer value that will be applied onto MS is special as M2M equipment
Fixed idle-mode timer value, the specific idle-mode timer value of M2M equipment correspond to the paging cycle changed；And
Instruction is produced into the first message of idle pulley, the first message includes determining on the specific idle pulley of M2M equipment
When device value information；And
Transceiver, configure to send the first message to MS,
Wherein MS is M2M equipment, and
The wherein specific idle-mode timer value instruction of the M2M equipment updates it during idle pulley in two continuous positions
Between maximum time interval.
19. the specific idle-mode timer value of device as claimed in claim 18, wherein M2M equipment is more than system overall situation position
Put renewal registration timer values.
20. device as claimed in claim 18, the wherein first message include cancel register response (DREG-RSP) message or
Cancel register order (DREG-CMD) message.
21. device as claimed in claim 19, if wherein the MS changed paging cycle is less than reference value, transceiver
It is further configured to send the second message for including system global position renewal registration timer values.
22. device as claimed in claim 18, wherein controller are further configured to the M2M communication characteristic based on MS and determine that M2M is set
Standby specific idle-mode timer value.
23. device as claimed in claim 22, wherein in order to determine the specific idle-mode timer value of M2M equipment, control
Device receives the message of the device class information comprising the M2M communication characteristic for indicating the MS from one of MS and base station BS；Controlled to paging
Device processed sends comprising the device class information and asks disappearing for the specific idle-mode timer value of M2M equipment for the MS
Breath；And the message for including the specific idle-mode timer value of M2M equipment for the MS is received from paging controller.
24. device as claimed in claim 22, wherein in order to determine the specific idle-mode timer value of M2M equipment, control
Device control to send message to the server of management M2M communication, and request indicates the device class letter of the M2M communication characteristic of the MS
Breath；The message for including the device class information is received from the server；Send to paging controller and believe comprising the device class
Cease and ask the message for the specific idle-mode timer value of the M2M equipment of the MS；And receive and wrap from paging controller
Include the message of the specific idle-mode timer value of M2M equipment for the MS.
25. device as claimed in claim 22, wherein in order to determine the specific idle-mode timer value of M2M equipment, control
Device receives the message of the device class information comprising the M2M communication characteristic for indicating the MS from one of MS and BS；And pass through consideration
The M2M communication characteristic determines the specific idle-mode timer value of M2M equipment for the MS.
26. device as claimed in claim 22, wherein in order to determine the specific idle-mode timer value of M2M equipment, control
Device control to send message to the server of management M2M communication, and request indicates the device class letter of the M2M communication characteristic of the MS
Breath；Control to receive the message for including the device class information from the server；And by considering that the M2M communication characteristic is true
Surely it is used for the specific idle-mode timer value of M2M equipment of the MS.
27. device as claimed in claim 18, wherein transceiver are further configured to：
If system global position renewal registration timer is applied to the MS, the second message is sent to the MS, notifies the system
Global position updates registration timer；And
If system global position renewal registration timer does not apply to the MS, the 3rd message is sent to the MS, notifies new to determine
When device.
28. device as claimed in claim 27, wherein the second message includes instruction system global position renewal registration timer
The designator of application and one of value of system global position renewal registration timer.
29. device as claimed in claim 27, wherein the second message or the 3rd message are included in the location updating registration of the MS
The location updating registration reply message sent in the downlink during process.
30. the device of movement station MS in the system for supporting machine to machine M2M communication a kind of, the device include：
Transceiver, configure and enter idle mould for asking the message for the paging cycle for changing the MS and receiving instruction to send
The first message of formula, first message include the information on the specific idle-mode timer value of M2M equipment；And
Controller, configuration come by using the specific idle-mode timer value execution position more new registration procedure of M2M equipment,
The wherein MS is M2M equipment, and
Wherein if the paging cycle of the MS changed is more than reference value, then the specific idle-mode timer value quilt of M2M equipment
It is defined as will be applied onto MS timer value, the specific idle-mode timer value of M2M equipment corresponds to the paging cycle changed,
And indicate the maximum time interval between two continuous positions update during idle pulley.
31. device as claimed in claim 30, the wherein first message include cancel register response (DREG-RSP) message or
Cancel register order (DREG-CMD) message.
32. device as claimed in claim 30, wherein it is complete to determine that the specific idle-mode timer value of M2M equipment is more than system
Office's location updating registration timer values.
33. device as claimed in claim 32, wherein transceiver, which are further configured to receive, includes the more new registration of system global position
Second message of timer value.
34. device as claimed in claim 30, wherein the M2M communication characteristic based on MS determines M2M equipment specifically idle mould
Formula timer value.
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| KR10-2010-0088121 | 2010-09-08 | ||
| KR20100088121 | 2010-09-08 | ||
| PCT/KR2011/006624 WO2012033342A2 (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2011-09-07 | Apparatus and method for supporting location update registration process in machine to machine communication system |
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| CN103098529A CN103098529A (en) | 2013-05-08 |
| CN103098529B true CN103098529B (en) | 2018-01-16 |
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| CN201180043309.3A Active CN103098529B (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2011-09-07 | The apparatus and method of support position more new registration procedure in machine to machine communication system |
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| JP (1) | JP6049086B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20120025997A (en) |
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- 2011-09-07 CN CN201180043309.3A patent/CN103098529B/en active Active
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| CN101330731A (en) * | 2007-06-22 | 2008-12-24 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for negotiating and transmitting position updating time length information |
| CN101345989A (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2009-01-14 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and apparatus for updating launch position |
| CN101459961A (en) * | 2007-12-10 | 2009-06-17 | 株式会社Ntt都科摩 | Mobile communication system, location registration period defining node, mobile terminal, and location registration method in mobile communication |
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| KR20120025997A (en) | 2012-03-16 |
| WO2012033342A3 (en) | 2012-05-24 |
| CN103098529A (en) | 2013-05-08 |
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| US20120058764A1 (en) | 2012-03-08 |
| JP2013537377A (en) | 2013-09-30 |
| WO2012033342A2 (en) | 2012-03-15 |
| CA2810491A1 (en) | 2012-03-15 |
| US9119171B2 (en) | 2015-08-25 |
| CA2810491C (en) | 2019-06-25 |
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