CN103094641B

CN103094641B - Immersible gaseous oxidant cathode for electrochemical cell system

Info

Publication number: CN103094641B
Application number: CN201210237422.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: C·A·弗里森; R·克里希南; M·J·米哈尔卡; G·弗里森; A·古德弗洛
Original assignee: Influent Corp
Current assignee: Fuen Energy Co
Priority date: 2011-11-04
Filing date: 2012-07-09
Publication date: 2017-04-19
Anticipated expiration: 2032-07-09
Also published as: CN202797189U; CN103094641A

Abstract

The present invention relates to an immersible gaseous oxidant cathode for an electrochemical cell system. The electrochemical cell system is configured to utilize an oxidant reduction electrode module containing an oxidant reduction electrode mounted to a housing to form a gaseous oxidant space therein that is immersed into the ionically conductive medium. A fuel electrode is spaced from the oxidant reduction electrode, such that the ionically conductive medium may conduct ions between the fuel and oxidant reduction electrodes to support electrochemical reactions at the fuel and oxidant reduction electrodes. A gaseous oxidant channel extending through the gaseous oxidant space provides a supply of oxidant to the oxidant reduction electrode, such that the fuel electrode and the oxidant reduction electrode are configured to, during discharge, oxidize the metal fuel at the fuel electrode and reduce the oxidant at the oxidant reduction electrode, to generate a discharge potential difference therebetween for application to a load.

Description

The immersed gaseous oxidizer negative electrode of electrochemical cell system

This application require on November 4th, 2011 submit to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.61/555,952 priority, Therefore by reference to being integrally joined to this.

Technical field

The present invention relates generally to a kind of electrochemical cell system, and relate more specifically to it is a kind of using gaseous oxidizer also The electrochemical cell system of the liquid ions conducting medium of primary electrode and such as electrolyte.

Background technology

Perhaps eurypalynous electrochemical cell utilizes ion conducting medium to support the electrochemical reaction in battery.For example, gold Category air electrochemical cell system can include one or more battery, and each of which has as metal fuel at which by oxygen The fuel electrode of the anode of change and the air breathing negative electrode being reduced from the oxygen of surrounding air at which.This battery is also The ion conducting medium of such as liquid electrolyte solution can be included so that oxidation/reduction ion is transmitted in-between the electrodes.For example, Referring to by reference to and be integrally joined to this United States Patent (USP) and disclose No.2009/0284229.Including multiple electrochemical cells Some electrochemical cell systems in, multiple battery sharing ion conducting mediums.For example, liquid electrolyte solution can be serially From a battery stream to another, such as by reference to and be integrally joined to this U.S. Patent application 12/631, institute in 484 Description.In other electrochemical cell systems, ion conducting medium can be multiple battery sharings, but can be part parallel Ground flowing.In also having other electrochemical cell systems, ion conducting medium can not flow, and can be to stagnate on the contrary , or only shake within restricted area in-between the electrodes.

No matter any motion of ion conducting medium, in the legacy system using air electrode, air electrode is defined For limiting the boundary wall of the ion conducting medium within electrochemical cell system.Air electrode is typically sealed in other words To the outside of shell, ion conducting medium not permeable barriers are this results in.However, the shortcoming of this legacy system is if air Seal failure between electrode and shell, or if leakage is defined in air electrode itself, then liquid ions are conductive is situated between Matter is no longer limited within electrochemical cell, this may cause complete cell failure, need change ion conducting medium, to electricity Environment around chemical cell is harmful etc..Additionally, in great majority design, it is difficult task to change air electrode, because Ion conducting medium must be drained so that used gaseous oxidizer reducing electrode can be removed.It can thus be appreciated that making air electricity Pole can prevent this complete failure in being immersed in ion conducting medium together with the shell of air space is formed wherein, and can Simplify the replacing of air electrode.For example, by reference to and be integrally joined to this United States Patent (USP) 5, illustrate in 011,747 Tradition can immerse the example of air electrode.

The content of the invention

According to embodiment, a kind of oxidant reduction electricity for being configured to be immersed in the ion conducting medium of electrochemical cell Pole module includes shell, and the shell is configured to limit gaseous oxidizer reception space therein.Oxidant reduction electrode module Also include with oxidant towards side and ion conducting medium towards the oxidant reduction electrode of side.Oxidant reduction electrode is pacified Be attached to the shell boundary wall for gaseous oxidizer reception space, wherein oxidant face are limited so as to oxidant reduction electrode Gaseous oxidizer reception space is facing inwardly toward to side and ion conducting medium aspect-oriented to outside to be exposed to ionic conduction Medium.Oxidant reduction electrode module also include the gaseous oxidizer passage by extend through gaseous oxidizer reception space and The gaseous oxidizer entrance and gaseous state oxidant outlet of coupling.Oxidant reduction electrode module is further included positioned at gaseous oxidation One or more support members within agent reception space, one or more support members are configured to prevent when oxidant reduction electricity When pole is immersed in ion conducting medium, oxidant reduction electrode deformation is among gaseous oxidizer reception space, and by gaseous state Flowing of the oxidant within gaseous oxidizer passage is directed to gaseous oxidizer outlet from gaseous oxidizer entrance.In addition, can Oxidant is made to enter in gaseous oxidizer reception space by gaseous oxidizer entrance, so that oxidant reduction electrode is configured Into by oxidant towards side absorb gaseous oxidizer and electrochemical cell discharge during reduce gaseous oxidizer.

According to another embodiment, a kind of electrochemical cell system includes chamber, and the chamber is configured to wherein comprising certain The ion conducting medium of amount, each include metal fuel and be configured to by ion conducting medium contact one or more Fuel electrode and one or more the oxidant reduction electrode modules among being immersed in ion conducting medium.Each oxidant Reducing electrode module includes the shell for being configured to limit gaseous oxidizer space therein.Each oxidant reduction electrode module Also include with oxidant towards side and ion conducting medium towards the oxidant reduction electrode of side, the oxidant reduction electrode quilt The shell is installed to so that oxidant reduction electrode limits the boundary wall for gaseous oxidizer space, wherein oxidant towards Side be facing inwardly toward gaseous oxidizer space and ion conducting medium aspect-oriented to outside to be exposed to ion conducting medium.Often Individual oxidant reduction electrode module also includes coupling by extend through the gaseous oxidizer passage in gaseous oxidizer space Gaseous oxidizer entrance and gaseous state oxidant outlet, which is configured to make oxidant flow to the oxidation of oxidant reduction electrode Agent is towards side.In addition, each oxidant reduction electrode module further include within gaseous oxidizer space or Multiple support members, one or more support members are configured to prevent from being immersed in ion conducting medium when oxidant reduction electrode When oxidant reduction electrode deformation among gaseous oxidizer space, and by gaseous oxidizer within gaseous oxidizer passage Flowing from gaseous oxidizer entrance be directed to gaseous oxidizer outlet.Each fuel electrode and at least one related oxidized dose are also Primary electrode defines one or more electrochemical cells.Each of one or more electrochemical cells was configured in the electric discharge phase Between the metal fuel at fuel electrode is aoxidized and is made gaseous oxidizer at least one related oxidized dose of reducing electrode also It is former with produce be applied in load its between discharge potential it is poor.

It is according to another embodiment, a kind of among to being configured to be immersed in the ion conducting medium of electrochemical cell The method assembled of oxidant reduction electrode module include providing and gaseous oxidizer entrance and gaseous state oxidant outlet coupling The shell of conjunction, thus wherein the inside of shell limits gaseous oxidizer space.The method be additionally included in gaseous oxidizer space it Interior one or more support members of offer, one or more support members are configured to form gaseous oxidizer passage to guide gaseous state Oxidant flows between gaseous oxidizer entrance and gaseous oxidizer outlet.The method is further included oxidant reduction electricity Pole is sealed to shell, so that the oxidant of oxidant reduction electrode is facing inwardly toward gaseous oxidizer space towards side and limits use In the boundary wall in gaseous oxidizer space, and the ion conducting medium aspect-oriented of oxidant reduction electrode to outside with oxygen Agent reducing electrode module is exposed to ion conducting medium when immersing wherein.When being immersed in ion conducting medium, shell Assembling with oxidant reduction electrode prevents ion conducting medium from flowing in gaseous oxidizer space.Additionally, one or more Support member is configured to prevent the oxidant reduction electrode deformation when oxidant reduction electrode is immersed in ion conducting medium from arriving In gaseous oxidizer space.In addition, gaseous oxidizer entrance allows gaseous oxidizer to flow in gaseous oxidizer space.

According to another embodiment, a kind of method for assembling electrochemical cell includes that offer is configured to wrap wherein Chamber containing a certain amount of ion conducting medium.The method also includes that making (i) can immerse oxidant reduction electrode module is immersed in one Within quantitative ion conducting medium, the oxidant reduction electrode module that immerses is configured to keep by shell and oxidant The gaseous oxidizer space limited towards side by the oxidant of reducing electrode, the gaseous oxidizer space and gaseous oxidizer entrance Couple with gaseous state oxidant outlet.In addition (ii) fuel electrode is made to be immersed within a certain amount of ion conducting medium, the combustion Material electrode includes metal fuel and is configured to be contacted by ion conducting medium.The method is comprised additionally in by gaseous oxidizer Entrance receives gaseous oxidizer in gaseous oxidizer space.One or more supports are provided in gaseous oxidizer space Part, one or more support members are configured to prevent the oxidant when oxidant reduction electrode is immersed in ion conducting medium Among reducing electrode is deformed to gaseous oxidizer reception space, while limiting gaseous oxidizer passage, the gaseous oxidizer passage It is configured to guide gaseous oxidizer to flow between gaseous oxidizer entrance and gaseous oxidizer outlet.Additionally, oxidant is also The ion conducting medium aspect-oriented of primary electrode is to fuel electrode and is exposed to ion conducting medium, so as to ion conducting medium Ion can be conducted between fuel electrode and oxidant reduction electrode to support at fuel electrode and oxidant reduction electrode Electrochemical reaction.In addition, fuel electrode and oxidant reduction electrode are configured to the metal at fuel electrode is made during discharging Oxidized and reduce gaseous oxidizer at oxidant reduction electrode with produce be applied in load its between putting Electric electric potential difference.

Other embodiment can be become apparent from from described in detail below, accompanying drawing and appended claims.

Description of the drawings

Now only by way of example, embodiments of the invention are described with reference to schematic figures, in the accompanying drawings Corresponding reference markss represent appropriate section, and wherein：

Fig. 1 is illustrated for putting the immersed oxidation of the oxidant reduction electrode to be immersed among ion conducting medium The front perspective view of the embodiment of agent reducing electrode module；

Fig. 2 illustrates the exploded view of the immersed oxidant reduction electrode module of Fig. 1；

Fig. 3 illustrates the viewgraph of cross-section of the immersed oxidant reduction electrode module of Fig. 1, it illustrates and is formed at wherein Gaseous oxidizer flow path；

Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B illustrate to be aligned to be meshed with the fuel electrode module with battery cover and fuel electrode To form the relative perspective view of the oxidant reduction electrode module of battery component；

Fig. 5 illustrates to be configured to make gaseous oxidizer flowing with the oxidant reduction electrode module passed through from which and electricity The viewgraph of cross-section of the engagement of Chi Gai；

Fig. 6 a and Fig. 6 b illustrate the set of cells of the engagement for showing fuel electrode module and oxidant reduction electrode module The relative perspective view of part；

Fig. 7 illustrates the viewgraph of cross-section of the fuel electrode of battery component, it illustrates by sept therebetween and divides From multiple electrodes body with formed wherein flowing Road narrows (lane)；

Fig. 8 illustrates the viewgraph of cross-section of another embodiment of fuel electrode, and the fuel electrode is with across flowing Road narrows The classification support configuration of orientation classification (stepped)；

Fig. 9 illustrates that the cross section of the electrode assemblie formed by the fuel electrode and independent charging electrode of battery component regards Figure；

Figure 10 illustrates the schematic diagram of battery component, and the battery component has the classification support being classified in the opposite direction The fuel electrode of configuration and it is configured in relative can leaching between oxidant reduction electrode module；

Figure 11 illustrates the viewgraph of cross-section of battery component, it illustrates dividing for the flowing Road narrows orientation along fuel electrode Level support configuration, which includes that the size fractionation of independent charging electrode is reduced；

Figure 12 describes the schematic diagram of the electrical connection of battery component, wherein fuel electrode, independent charging electrode and oxidation Agent reducing electrode is electrically connected by switching system；

Figure 13 describes a pair of the battery components to be immersed in ion conducting medium module being aligned；

Figure 14 describes the viewgraph of cross-section of the battery component pair when being immersed in ion conducting medium module, its across with it is every The related disperser chamber of individual battery component is to intercepting；

Figure 15 describes another viewgraph of cross-section of ion conducting medium module, and which is across related in battery component Disperser chamber to intercepting；

Figure 16 describes the circuit mould for being configured to engage battery component when being immersed in ion conducting medium module Block；

Figure 17 describes circuit module is being assembled to the battery component being immersed among ion conducting medium module on When the whole battery module that formed；

Figure 18 describes the view of the oxidant reduction electrode module towards oxidant reduction electrode, wherein oxidant reduction A part for electrode is removed and is illustrated with the fine and close configuration of the baffle plate to forming gaseous oxidizer flow path wherein, with Additional support to oxidant reduction electrode is provided when being immersed in ion conducting medium；And

The diminution that Figure 19 describes a part for the oxidant reduction electrode and gaseous state oxidant flow path of Figure 18 is transversal Face perspective view, the balance of its power applied by baffle plate to ion conducting medium are illustrated.

Specific embodiment

Fig. 1 illustrates to be configured to be immersed in the oxidant reduction electricity among the liquid ions conducting medium of electrochemical cell The front perspective view of pole module 10.Oxidant reduction electrode module 10 includes the oxidant reduction electrode being installed on shell 30 20.Oxidant reduction electrode 20 can be with ion conducting medium towards side 40 and oxidant towards side (obscure in FIG, And oxidant is designated in fig. 2 towards side any appropriate configuration 45) or configuration.In embodiment, as discussed below, oxygen Agent reducing electrode 20 can include catalyst, current collector, hydrophobic membrane, and/or provide for gaseous oxidizer (for example, surrounding Oxygen or chlorine in environment gaseous oxidizer) reduction with battery with load L be connected when in oxidant reduction electrode 20 and fuel The other materials of electric potential difference is set up between electrode.

As directed, shell 30 is configured to form gaseous oxidizer space, the gaseous oxidizer space in oxidant also Primary electrode module 10 can make oxidant flow to the oxidant face of oxidant reduction electrode 20 when being immersed in ion conducting medium To side.Thus, the typically gaseous oxidizer of oxidant reduction electrode 20 is permeable, but liquids in general is impermeable, so as to Ion conducting medium is prevented to be full of gaseous oxidizer space.In this respect, it is not necessarily to prevent ionic conduction to be situated between that liquid is impermeable Mass flow crosses its perfect barrier, and can be that to be otherwise configured to this seepage can be ignoring and will not be notable Ground affects the oxidant that oxidant can be made to reach oxidant reduction electrode 20 towards the gaseous oxygen in the gaseous oxidizer space of side The presence or flowing of agent.In certain embodiments, can be typically gaseous oxidizer permeable for oxidant reduction electrode 20, But generally ion conducting medium is impermeable, this depends on which kind of ion conducting medium will be used in an electrochemical cell.

In some non-limiting examples, oxidant reduction electrode 20 can be comprising such as politef (also known as PTFE or) fluoropolymer (flouropolymer) material or any other hydrophobic material, it is described fluorine-containing Polymeric material can be in certain embodiments thermomechanical expansion (also known as ePTFE or).At some In embodiment, oxidant reduction electrode 20 can include porous material, and wherein each hole is considerably smaller than ion conducting medium Drop size so that marking liquid is impermeable.In embodiment, enhancement layer is configured to prevent when oxidant reduction electricity Pole module 10 makes PTFE excessive deformations when immersing due to the Fluid pressure of ion conducting medium, such as that 2011 year November 4 Entitled " the External PTFE Layer Reinforcement for Oxidant Reduction that day submits to The U.S. Provisional Patent Application 61/556 of Electrode ", disclosed in 011, by reference to being integrally joined to this. In embodiment, oxidant reduction electrode 20 can comprising with the material or any other waterproof coating of lasting water-fast coating in case Shield ion conducting medium.Similarly, shell 30 can prevent ion conducting medium from leaking into gaseous oxidizer space In any appropriate configuration or configuration.

In embodiment, what shell 30 can be formed by plastics, metal, resin or its combination.Therefore can be with any side Assembling shell 30, which includes being formed by multiple units formula, integral die etc..In embodiment, shell 30 can be by liquid Impermeable non-conductive sept masking is otherwise spaced with oxidant reduction electrode 20, to prevent disturbing oxygen Electrochemical reaction at agent reducing electrode 20.In the illustrated embodiment, include can be with its remaining part of shell 30 for shell 30 Divide separable installation frame 50, and the antetheca in gaseous oxidizer space is formed together with oxidant reduction electrode 20, such as exist More fully hereinafter describe.In embodiment, installation frame 50 can include aperture 52 wherein, oxidant reduction electrode 20 Ion conducting medium is faced towards side 40 by the aperture 52, so that oxidant reduction electrode 20 is exposed to ionic conduction Jie Both oxidants in matter and gaseous state oxidant space.In embodiment, all as described, support chip 54 extends from shell 30 Go out, and when oxidant reduction electrode module 10 is immersed in ion conducting medium for including the oxidation for residing therein The oxidant reduction electrode module 10 of agent reducing electrode 20 is positioned, as described in more detail below.As further shown, In the ion conducting medium with the outwardly oxidant reduction electrode 20 of (i.e. away from the surface of installation frame 50) towards side 40 The side of adjacent installation frame 50 can further provide for meshing flake 56 to enter to advance to oxidant reduction electrode module 10 One step is positioned, and is discussed below in addition.

As shown in figure 1, the remainder of shell 30 further defines gaseous oxidizer space, to allow to be freely accessible to which In oxidant and oxidant reduction electrode module 10 ion conducting medium being immersed in is separated.In embodiment described In, shell 30 includes top section 60, left-hand component 70, right-hand component 80, base section 90, and rear portion 100.Outside In some pieces of embodiments for linking together of shell 30, using any appropriate Sealing Technology preventing the ion during immersing from leading Electrolyte is leaked in gaseous oxidizer space, to keep gaseous oxidizer space to use for oxidant reducing electrode 20.This Plant Sealing Technology to include but is not limited to connect by the not permeable seep through of liquid, fusing, melting, welding etc..At some In embodiment, encapsulant can be applied between the unit of shell 30.For example, in the shell 30 1 in addition to installation frame 50 In causing the embodiment of molding, using including but not limited to plastics or rubber sheet gasket, binding agent, epoxy resin or any The encapsulant of other appropriate sealants undesirably enters into oxidant reduction to prevent ion conducting medium at junction point In electrode module 10.For example, this sealant can include solvent engagement sealant, single or double component epoxide resin glue or UV/ heat-curable epoxy resin glue.In various embodiments, sealant can include and such as Eager Polymer EP5347 epoxies Those similar sealant performances on the market of resin glue and/or MagnaTac M777 epoxide-resin glues.

As indicated, oxidant can be freely accessible to gaseous oxidizer space by one or more openings 110.Opening 110 Can be any appropriate configuration, and be integrated in shell 30 in certain embodiments.As shown in the embodiment in figure 1 , opening 110 can include gaseous oxidizer entrance 120 and gaseous state oxidant outlet 130, and each of which enters into shell 30 Among top section 60.So that opening 110 is in base portion in oxidant reduction electrode module 10 is immersed in ion conducting medium On this on points 90 is vertically oriented, oxidant reduction electrode module 10 fails to keep wherein the gaseous oxidizer space will not Ion conducting medium can be caused to overflow by opening 110, this is because gravity forces ion conducting medium to be downwardly away from opening 110.This orientation has many benefits.For example, the assembling of oxidant reduction electrode module 10 is not considered, in such an embodiment oxygen The failure of agent reducing electrode 20 (or for making oxidant reduction electrode 20 be coupled to its fluid sealant of shell 30) is not result in Ion conducting medium is overflowed from the middle of electrochemical cell.On the contrary, ion conducting medium at most be full of gaseous oxidizer space so that Gaseous oxidizer is discharged from this.By the oxidant reduction electrode module 10 for lifting rupture from ion conducting medium, ionic conduction Hereafter medium can be expelled back in a certain amount of ion conducting medium that oxidant reduction electrode module 10 had previously been dipped in, and this shows Reduce its loss, cleaning problem etc. with writing.In addition, replacing oxidant reduction electricity with another oxidant reduction electrode module 10 Pole module 10 is relatively inappreciable thing, and otherwise need not discharge ionic conduction liquid from battery completely.Additionally, many Individual electrochemical cell is an oxidant by the independent oxidant reduction electrode module 10 of immersion and in some embodiments of formation The failure of reducing electrode module 10 does not interfere with the operation of other batteries.

As in FIG further shown in, conductor channel 140 is provided in addition in oxidant reduction electrode module 10, So that electric conductor 150 can be electrically connected with oxidant reduction electrode 20, as discussed in further detail below.In various embodiments In further can seal conductor channel 140 from ion conducting medium, and/or similar to opening 110 determined conductor channel 140 Position is risen on ion conducting medium, and this will be again prevented from ion conducting medium and be not intended to leak in gaseous oxidizer space.

Fig. 2 is illustrated to the exploded view of oxidant reduction electrode module 10, and this is taken from the rear portion to shell 30 100 perspective view.As shown in from this view, the edge of oxidant reduction electrode 20 can be comprising alignment hole 155 with by oxygen Agent reducing electrode 20 is aligned and is installed on installation frame 50.In the illustrated embodiment, installation frame 50 includes alignment Post 157, the alignment post receive in alignment hole 155 to carry out spatial orientation to oxidant reduction electrode 20.In embodiment, Apply sealant between alignment post 157 and aperture 52 and/or in the appropriate section of oxidant reduction electrode 20, so that ion is led Electrolyte cannot be oozed out in the perimeter in aperture 52.Sealant can be any appropriate configuration or composition, and which includes but not office It is limited to those listed above example.

The assembling of oxidant reduction electrode module 10 can be any appropriate process.For example, by oxidant reduction electrode Before or after 20 are installed on installation frame 50, electric conductor 150 can be inserted in conductor channel 140, so as to The electrical connection of oxidant reduction electrode 20 is set up before sealing shell 30.Although conductor is located at gaseous state in the illustrated embodiment Within oxidant space, but conductor can be extended in shielded cable by ion conducting medium in other embodiments. In still other embodiment, replacement extends through conductor channel 140, and electric conductor 150 can pass through opening 110.Again, can be by Sealant is applied between oxidant reduction electrode 20 and installation frame 50.The 50 of electric conductor can be any appropriate configurations or match somebody with somebody Put, be including but not limited to plate, band, electric wire, cable or be configured to for electronics to be transmitted to oxidant reduction electrode 20 And/or any other body of electronics is conducted from oxidant reduction electrode 20.

As shown in figure 3, in some embodiments of oxidant reduction electrode module 10, gaseous oxidizer path can be in gas Within state oxidant space, go out so that stream is directed into gaseous oxidizer from the gaseous oxidizer in gaseous oxidizer entrance 120 Mouth 130.What gaseous oxidizer path can be formed by any appropriate bulk or mechanism, including but not limited to including baffle plate 158 or Person is formed at or is installed to other path walls on shell 30.As directed, gaseous oxidizer path can in certain embodiments To form the path of alternating bending, the path of the alternating bending export from gaseous oxidizer entrance 120 to gaseous oxidizer 130 to Flow down and across whole shell 30 upwards, lead so as to along the major part of the oxidant reduction electrode 20 being installed on shell 30 Draw gaseous oxidizer.However, this gaseous oxygen may not be found in some embodiments of oxidant reduction electrode module 10 Agent path, and instead of gaseous oxidizer entrance 120 and gaseous state oxidant outlet 130 can simply be communicated to and be limited to gas Usual open space within state oxidant space.As described in more detail below, it will be appreciated that by oxidant also (i.e. by gaseous oxidizer space), offer is logical towards between the rear portion 100 of side 45 and shell 30 for the oxidant of primary electrode 20 Normal rigidity supporting structure, (which may refer to extend to any body among gaseous oxidizer space and changes wherein for baffle plate 158 Become the motion of gaseous oxidizer) mitigation of power of the liquid ions conducting medium on oxidant reduction electrode 20 can be generally promoted Or other distributions.

Although oxidant reduction electrode module 10 can be immersed in liquid ions conducting medium in certain embodiments Electrochemical cell therein is present in form fuel electrode, but in other embodiments can be by oxidant reduction electricity Pole module 10 is installed on fuel electrode, can be immersed in ion conducting medium together to form battery so as to two electrodes. Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B describe relative for the oxidant reduction electrode module 10 that is coupled be aligned with fuel electrode module 160 View.As indicated, fuel electrode module 160 includes the fuel electrode 170 being supported between a pair of fuel electrode supports 173.Such as Described in Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B, position fuel electrode module 160 and be situated between so as to the ionic conduction of oxidant reduction electrode 20 Matter will be in upward sliding behind fuel electrode 170, so that ion conducting medium is towards side 40 and 170 phase of fuel electrode towards side 40 Face.Fig. 4 A show the ion conducting medium of oxidant reduction electrode 20 towards side 40, and Fig. 4 B show the face of side 40 To fuel electrode side.As visible in Figure 4 A, but unclear in figure 4b, fuel electrode support in certain embodiments 173 can include the engagement ridge 175 for being configured to engage with meshing flake 56, to position oxidant relative to fuel electrode 170 Reducing electrode 20.Other mechanism for keeping desired distance between oxidant reduction electrode 20 and fuel electrode 120 be also it is possible, And it is different because of embodiment.

Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B are further illustrated fuel electrode module 160 and can be coupled with battery cover 180 or otherwise be wrapped Battery cover 180 is included, the battery cover 180 is configured to be located in fuel electrode module 160 when oxidant reduction electrode module 10 Oxidant reduction electrode module 10 is received during 170 side of fuel electrode.In fuel electrode module 160 and oxidant reduction electrode mould In the embodiment that the engagement of block 10 ground is coupled with battery cover 180, battery cover 180 may be configured to installing them with engaging Fuel electrode module 160 and oxidant reduction electrode module 10 are received after together, or may be configured to receive first One, it is followed by another., as shown in explanation embodiment, fuel electrode module 160 and battery cover 180 engaged Be installed together, and be configured to engagement oxidant reduction electrode module 10 is received wherein.All as directed In some embodiments, the gaseous oxidizer entrance 120 and gaseous state oxidant outlet 130 of oxidant reduction electrode module 10 can be by It is configured to be received by the corresponding jack 190 and 200 in respective battery lid 180.Similarly, battery cover 180 can have jack 210 To receive the conductor 220 that electrically connect with fuel electrode 170, and can be with being configured to reception oxidant reduction electrode module 10 conductor channel 140 jack 230 (and not shown in the view of Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B will be with oxidant reduction electrode 20 The electric conductor of electrical connection is 150).Show the channel base at the top of battery cover 180 in addition in the view of Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B 240, the channel base 240 is positioned to the circuit of such as circuit board, switch etc. can be with leading from fuel electrode 170 Body 220 and the electric conductor 150 from oxidant reduction electrode 20 are electrically connected, as described in more detail below.

In certain embodiments, the opening on battery cover 180 can be with the opening 110 on oxidant reduction electrode module 10 It is coupled, so that gaseous oxidizer can be made to flow through this.For example, as shown in Figure 4 A and 4 B, can carry in battery cover 180 For battery cover gaseous oxidizer entrance 250 and battery cover gaseous oxidizer outlet 260, and which is configured to guide gaseous oxidation Flow out during agent flow to the gaseous oxidizer entrance 120 of oxidant reduction electrode module 10 and from gaseous oxidizer outlet 130. The oxygen with oxidant reduction electrode 20 when oxidant reduction electrode module 10 is inserted in battery cover 180 is shown in Fig. 5 Viewgraph of cross-section of the agent towards the facing oxidant reduction electrode module 10 in side 45, so as to by gaseous oxidizer entrance 120 Receive in jack 190, and gaseous oxidizer outlet 130 is received in jack 200.In embodiment, battery cover gaseous state Oxidant inlet 250 can lead directly to jack 190, so that the flowing of gaseous oxidizer in the future since then is directed to reception at which In oxidant reduction electrode module 10 gaseous oxidizer entrance 120 in.In embodiment, in jack in battery cover 180 Battery cover oxidant channel 270 is formed between 200 and battery cover gaseous oxidizer outlet 260, this can be by from oxidant reduction electricity Gaseous oxidizer received by the gaseous oxidizer outlet 130 of pole module 10 is directed within battery cover 180.As indicated, can Even if so that battery cover oxidant channel 270 be arranged in oxidant reduction electrode module 10 gaseous oxidizer outlet 130 with Gaseous oxidizer entrance 120 is spaced, and the outlet 260 of battery cover gaseous oxidizer is also adjacent with battery cover gaseous oxidizer entrance 250. As described below, this adjacent positioned of battery cover gaseous oxidizer entrance 250 and battery cover gaseous oxidizer outlet 260 can promote Enter to be connected to this and simplify which.

Fig. 5 further illustrate in certain embodiments can oxidant reduction electrode module 10 and battery cover 180 it Between connection place provide pad 280.In the illustrated embodiment, pad 280 is located at gaseous oxidizer entrance 120 and jack Between 190 and between gaseous oxidizer outlet 130 and jack 200.As discussed below, when oxidant reduction electrode module 10 When immersing wherein, this pad 280 can be prevented from the gaseous oxygen for being limited to battery cover 180 and oxidant reduction electrode module 10 The gaseous oxidizer that gaseous oxidizer flow path between agent space flows out oozes out, and prevents ion conducting medium from leaking into To in oxidant reduction electrode module 10, in leaking into battery cover 180 or leak into battery cover 180 with comprising ionic conduction Between the chamber that the battery cover 180 of medium is meshed.It is as described below, can be between conductor channel 140 and battery cover 180 its Additional spacer 280 is provided where meeting at jack 230, and be further configured in certain embodiments to prevent when oxidant also When primary electrode module 10 is immersed in ion conducting medium, between battery cover 180 and oxidant reduction electrode module 10, ion is led Electrolyte oozes out.

Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B describe 180 phase of battery cover when oxidant reduction electrode module 10 with fuel electrode module 160 The relative perspective view of the battery component 290 formed during engagement, so as to the gaseous oxygen into battery cover gaseous oxidizer entrance 250 Agent can flow through the gaseous oxidizer space of oxidant reduction electrode module 10 and flow back to out battery cover gaseous oxidizer Mouth 260.While Fig. 6 A show the side of the battery component 290 comprising fuel electrode 170, Fig. 6 B are shown comprising oxidant The side of the battery component 290 of reducing electrode module 10.As shown in the amplification of Fig. 6 A, meshing flake 56 can prolong from mounting bracket 50 Stretch, fuel can be received to be formed when oxidant reduction electrode module 10 is slidably positioned in fuel electrode 160 side of module The groove of the engagement ridge 175 on electrode suppor 173.Although meshing flake 56 can be with 50 one of mounting bracket in certain embodiments Molding, but meshing flake 56 can be at least partially fitting in mounting bracket 50 in other embodiments.For example, at some In embodiment, rubber or another elastomeric material can be positioned within the groove, to carry between groove and engagement ridge 175 For expecting assembling.Also as indicated, the ridge being formed on one end of meshing flake 56 in certain embodiments will not be completely across engagement Folder 56 extends, and so that the one end that can prevent engagement ridge 175 slides completely through engagement folder 56, this is further helped in relative to combustion Material electrode module 160 is positioned to oxidant reduction electrode module 10.

In embodiment, once battery component 290 is immersed in ion conducting medium, and pass through battery cover gaseous oxidation Gaseous oxidizer (the including but not limited to high gas of air, oxygen concentration or pure oxygen) is provided oxidizing by agent entrance 250 Agent reducing electrode 20, then can form electrochemical cell.In certain embodiments, can be by making fuel electrode 170 and oxidation Agent reducing electrode 20 electrically connects (if fuel electrode 170 has fuel wherein) to put electrochemical cell with load Electricity, or can be by making fuel electrode 170 and oxidant reduction electrode 20 with power electric connection (if ion conducting medium bag Containing reducible fuel type) electrochemical cell is recharged, such as it is discussed in more detail below.

Fig. 7 is gone to, can be anticipated by the viewgraph of cross-section of the illustrated fuel electrode module 160 across fuel electrode 170 Know the configuration of the embodiment of fuel electrode 170.As indicated, in certain embodiments fuel electrode 170 include it is multiple permeable Electrode body 300a-300e (general permeable electrode body 300).As hereinafter described in more detail, multiple permeable electrodes Body 300 can be separated from one another by multiple septs 310, and the plurality of sept 310 is used to set up ion conducting medium edge Flowing Road narrows 320 in the fuel electrode 170 of its flowing.In embodiment, such as it is discussed in detail below, fuel electrode 170 is metal fuel electrode, the work of metal fuel electrode anode from when battery component 290 is immersed in ion conducting medium With and operated under electric discharge or electricity generation mode.Each permeable electrode body 300 is included by following any form institutes The web plate (screen) of formation, any form can be by plating or other modes from flowing along battery component 290 Ion conducting medium capture metal fuel particle or ion keep.

In certain embodiments, multiple septs 310 can be extended across fuel electrode 170 with spaced relation.Though So in certain embodiments, such as described in fig. 6, multiple septs 310 may be not up to battery cover 180 and terminate, but Sept 310 extends to battery cover 180 in other embodiments, to contribute to relative to fuel electrode module 160 Peripheral parts keep fuel electrode 170.As illustrated by the figure 7, the set of multiple septs 310 can make permeable electrode Body 300a-300e is separated, so that each set of sept 310 is located between adjacent electrode body 300 so that electrode body 300a- 300e is electrically isolated from one.Within each set of sept 310 between adjacent electrode body 300, according to setting up in-between The mode of so-called flowing Road narrows 320 is positioned to sept 310 come with spaced relationship.Sept 310 is nonconducting And in electrochemicaUy inert, therefore the electrochemical cell for just being formed when battery component 290 is dipped in ion conducting medium For electrochemical reaction, they are sluggish.In certain embodiments, sept 310 can be by such as polypropylene, poly- second What the appropriate plastic material of alkene, polyester, Noryl, fluoropolymer etc. was formed.As illustrated by the figure 7, flowing Road narrows 320 are three-dimensional and can be with the highly equal height substantially with sept 310.

In embodiment, permeable electrode body 300a-300e and sept 310 can be installed to fuel electrode module It was to be formed as individual unit before in 160 remainder.In certain embodiments, fuel electrode support 173 can also It is integrally formed with permeable electrode body 300a-300e and sept 310.In other words, fuel electrode 170 and fuel electricity The part of the remainder of pole module 160 can be formed by the use of any appropriate manufacture process as individually unit.For example, In embodiment, the manufacture sept (not shown) of the size of substantially required flowing Road narrows 320 may be located at adjacent oozing Substantially parallel spaced relationship is in the adjacent permeable electrode body 300a-300e of holding between body 300a-300e thoroughly.It is located at Manufacture sept between identical adjacent permeable electrode body is preferably substantially parallel and along electrode body 300a- 300e equal intervals, and the manufacture sept positioned at the opposite side of identical electrodes body is preferably substantially aligned with one another.In electricity Polar body 300a-300e and manufacture sept are in place and after keeping together by any appropriate ways, are manufacturing sept Between and the suitable material used by sept 310 can be injected through permeable electrode body 300a-300e.Become in the material After hard or solidification, manufacture sept can be removed to set up single electrode support list illustrated in figure 6 from fuel electrode 170 Unit 170.

In embodiment, injection mold is manufactured to manufacture the part that sept is the mould, such as that 2010 years October 8 submit to and by reference to and be integrally joined to institute in this U.S. Patent Application Serial Number No.12/901,410 Description.Groove is formed in the mould to accommodate permeable electrode body 300a-300e, and also is formed for limiting sept The chamber of 310 volume.Can be so that each electrode body 300a-300e be inserted into the mould with the parallel spaced-apart relation of adjacent body In, and hereafter the material used by sept 310 can be injected in chamber to form sept 310.In material in the mould After cooling down in tool, first electrode 170 is discharged using as comprising permeable electrode body 300a-300e and sept from the mould 310 individual unit.Of course, it is possible to use any appropriate manufacture method, any appropriate manufacture method can make sept 310 whole It is formed on permeable electrode body 300a-300e and through permeable electrode body 300a-300e to include electrode body body The fuel electrode 170 of 300a-300e and sept is individual unit.Restriction is not made in any way to said method.

In certain embodiments, permeable electrode body 300a-300e can be substantially formed objects.In embodiment, Such as in U.S. Patent Application Serial Number No.13/167, it is described by 930 and by reference to and be integrally joined to this, can ooze Transflective electrode body 300a-300e can have different size to use classification support configuration.For example, the fuel such as from Fig. 4 B The view of electrode 170 understands, can interlock in the end of the fuel electrode 170 proximally and distally of battery cover 180, so as to electrode body 300 more little by little diminish the closer to oxidant reduction electrode 20.Although fuel electrode 170 is received in the embodiment of Fig. 4 B Either side within fuel electrode support 173, but it is used in certain embodiments supporting other mechanism of fuel electrode 170 It is possible, and in this case, additionally or alternatively, fuel electrode 170 can be in the orientation with flowing Road narrows 320 In perpendicular size staggeredly, as shown in the embodiment of fuel electrode as described in Figure 8 170 '.It is unrestricted as one Property example, one or more septs 310 can make fuel electrode 170 ' be coupled with battery cover 180.

Fig. 9 shows the embodiment of the electrode assemblie 325 comprising fuel electrode 170, and the fuel electrode 170 is filled with individually Electrode 330 is coupled, and the independent charging electrode 330 and permeable electrode body 300e intervals are adjacent.The one of electrode assemblie 325 In a little embodiments, independent charging electrode 330 can simply be the electrode body in 20 near-end of oxidant reduction electrode.In other enforcements In example, can not there is " independent " charging electrode of such as independent charging electrode 330, and in electrochemical cell charging and discharging Period can be by the use of oxidant reduction electrode 20 (i.e. during charging as anode and during discharging as negative electrode).One In a little embodiments, when those electrode bodies 300 are in classification support configuration, independent charging electrode 330 at least can extend as far as Most long permeable electrode body 300, or it is otherwise of different sizes.In other embodiments, independent charging electrode 330 can be entered Row is classified into less than minimum electrode body 300.As electrode body 300, if it does, can be in flowing Road narrows 320 In orientation, across the orientation of flowing Road narrows 320, or the size fractionation of independent charging electrode 330 is reduced on both.

Although permeable electrode body 300 can be with single oxidation in some embodiments of all as explained above those Agent reducing electrode 20 is associated, but permeable electrode body 300 can be with multiple oxidant reduction electrodes in other embodiments 20 are associated.(for example, there are multiple fuel electricity in electrochemical cell system it can thus be appreciated that each fuel electrode 170 In the case of pole 170) can be associated with one or more related oxidized dose of reducing electrodes 20.Deposit in electrochemical cell system In the case of multiple oxidant reduction electrodes 20, it is possible to understand that one or more electrochemical cells can be by each fuel electrode 170 and at least one oxidant reduction electrode 20 related to the fuel electrode 170 limiting.For example, permeable electricity Polar body 300 is may be located between two relative oxidant reductions electrode 20 (and corresponding oxidation agent reducing electrode module 10), and And one or more electrochemical cells can be formed, this depends on being applied with anode and cathode potential, such as in further detail below Description.Although permeable electrode body 300 related to each oxidant reduction electrode 20 in certain embodiments is typically identical Size, it can be appreciated that the classification support configuration of multiple permeable electrode bodies 300 can be realized.Therefore, implement at some Example in, can in the facing relative direction of oxidant reduction electrode 20 relative with each with less size to permeable electricity Polar body 300 is classified.

As shown in Figure 10, permeable electrode body 300 can be assembled in fuel electrode 170* in one embodiment, its Middle permeable electrode body 300a be two oxidant reduction electrodes 20 (specifically, respectively with oxidant reduction electrode module 10a The oxidant reduction electrode 20a related to oxidant reduction electrode module 10b and oxidant reduction electrode 20b) share.Although There may be each in some embodiments and be typically formed objects and a pair bigger than other multiple permeable electrode bodies 300 Permeable electrode body 300a, but in all other embodiments as illustrated in Figure 10, relative to oxidant reduction electrode 20a Center be may be located at single permeable electrode body 300a for 20b.

In all some embodiments as described, fuel electrode 170* can include relative permeable electrode body 300b With 300c pair, from permeable electrode body 300a towards oxidant reduction electrode 20a and 20b by the permeable electrode body 300b and Each of 300c is classified into less than previous permeable electrode body 300.In this configuration, using a pair relative oxidants also Common fuel electrode 170* between primary electrode 20, can form battery component 290*, and battery component 290* is included wherein Two batteries (for example, battery 290a* and battery 290b*).It can thus be appreciated that this battery component 290* may be considered Double cell.In embodiment, battery 290a* can include oxidant reduction electrode 20a and with oxidant reduction electrode 20a phases Those permeable electrode bodies 300 of the fuel electrode 170* of pass, and battery 290b* can including oxidant reduction electrode 20b with And those permeable electrode bodies 300 of the fuel electrode 170* related to oxidant reduction electrode 20b.As described above, at some In embodiment, each oxidant reduction electrode 20 can be associated to form single battery 290 with common fuel electrode 170*.With The number of the permeable electrode body 300 of each 20 correlation of oxidant reduction electrode can become because of embodiment, and in some realities Can be such as by the battery component 290*'s of the management to the electrical connection related to each permeable electrode body 300 in applying example Change during operation.

In the illustrated embodiment, as single permeable electrode body 300a is located at oxidant reduction electrode 20a and 20b Between center, therefore permeable electrode body 300a can be associated with battery 290a* or battery 290b*.However, in some realities Apply in example, common fuel electrode 170* is integrally construed as participating in and oxidant reduction electrode 20a and oxidant reduction electricity The electrochemical reaction of pole 20b.

In the illustrated embodiment, can be assembled to common fuel electrode 170* can be including a pair electricity that individually charge The common electrode group of pole 330 (each is associated with oxidant reduction electrode 20a and oxidant reduction electrode 20b) In part 325*.Thus, battery component 290a* can include an independent charging electrode 330, and battery component 290b* includes separately One independent charging electrode 330.It is to be appreciated that common fuel electrode 170* and/or public electrode component 325* can be Formed by any appropriate configuration, including but not limited between each permeable electrode body 300 (and in common fuel Between electrode 170* and independent charging electrode 330) non-conductive sept be integrally formed.Sept can be with certain embodiments Flowing is formed between each permeable electrode body 300 and between common fuel electrode 170* and independent charging electrode 330 narrow Road.The flowing Road narrows can be orientated in any appropriate direction to realize required flow direction.It is to be appreciated that in Fig. 10 Diagrammatically illustrate battery component 290*.Thus, illustrated interval is to amplify.Similarly, in other explanation embodiments Interval is also exemplary, and is not qualified as making restriction in any way.

Figure 11 describes the side cross-sectional view of the battery component 290 as shown in the line X along Fig. 6 A.As amplified Show, fuel electrode module 160 includes the electrode group with the fuel electrode 170 comprising five permeable electrode body 300a-300e Part 325, wherein permeable electrode body 300 are in classification support configuration so as in the electricity towards on the direction of oxidant reduction electrode 20 Polar body 300a is bigger than electrode body 300b, and electrode body 300b is bigger than electrode body 300c, such.As indicated, the electricity that individually charges Pole 330 is between electrode body 300e and oxidant reduction electrode 20.In the explanation embodiment of Figure 11, by independent charging electrode 330 be classified into it is less than minimum permeable electrode body 300e.However, in other embodiments, independent charging electrode 330 can be It is any appropriately sized, including but not limited to it is the size of extreme electrode body 300.

As described above, battery cover 180 can include channel base 240 in certain embodiments, the channel base 240 is matched somebody with somebody Be set to receive bread board or permission the electrical connection between fuel electrode 170 and oxidant reduction electrode 20 is controlled other Electronic unit.In embodiment, the electrical connection between each permeable electrode body 300 can be controlled, it is right to allow The electric discharge or charging of electrochemical cell carries out more controls.Figure 12 is shown with 160 He of fuel electrode module adjacent to each other The schematic diagram of the embodiment of the battery component 290 of both oxidant reduction electrode modules 10.Electric conductor in illustrated embodiment 220 extend from both independent charging electrodes 330 of fuel electrode 170 and electrode assemblie 325.Again, although fuel electrode 170 Illustrate that embodiment only has five electrode bodies 300 (specifically electrode body 300a-300e), but any number can be used.This In the embodiment of described electrochemical cell be only example, and do not mean that.

In certain embodiments, electrode body 300a-300e can be the web plate formed by following any forms, described What form can pass through plating or other modes and capture metal fuel from the ion conducting medium is dipped in by battery component 290 Particle or ion simultaneously keep.Including such as fuel electrode 170, its permeable electrode body 300a-300e, independent charging electrode 330, And the part of the battery of oxidant reduction electrode 20 can be any appropriate configuration or configuration, including but not limited to by nickel or Nickel alloy (including nickel cobalt (alloy), dilval, monel (i.e. monel metal) or superalloy), copper or copper are closed Gold, pyrite, bronze or any other appropriate metal construction.In embodiment, catalyst film is applied to and can be oozed Transflective electrode body 300a-300e, independent charging electrode 330 and/or oxidant reduction electrode 20 it is some or all of on, and be catalyzed Agent film is with high surfacings by made by some in above-mentioned material.In embodiment, catalyst film is by such as hot What spraying, plasma spraying, electro-deposition or any other particle coating method were formed.

Fuel can be the metal of such as ferrum, zinc, aluminum, magnesium or lithium.By metal, the term refers to include and is considered as The all elements of the metal on periodic chart, including but not limited to when being gathered in electrode body, atom, molecule (include metallic hydrogen Compound) or the alkali metal of alloy form, alkaline-earth metal, lanthanide series, actinidess and transition metal.However, this It is bright to be not limited to any special fuel, and other fuel can be used.Can provide fuel to fuel electrode 170 using as The particle being suspended in ion conducting medium.In certain embodiments, can be fired using metal hydride in an electrochemical cell Material.

Ion conducting medium can be aqueous solution.The example of appropriate medium includes aqueous solution, and the aqueous solution includes sulphuric acid, phosphorus Acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, nitric acid, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, Sodium Chloride, potassium nitrate or lithium chloride.The medium can also make With nonaqueous solvent or ionic liquid.In embodiment, ion conducting medium can include electrolyte.It is, for example possible to use traditional Liquid or semi-solid electrolyte solution, or ionic liquid at room temperature, such as in U.S. Patent application No.12/776,962 can be used In be previously mentioned, by reference to being integrally joined to this.In electrolyte is semisolid embodiment, it is possible to use porous is solid State electrolytic thin-membrane (i.e. open structure).In ion conducting medium is not the embodiment of liquid, it is immersed in battery component 290 Can include battery component 290 is embedded within immobilising ion conducting medium within ion conducting medium, wherein gaseous state Oxidant channel is led to from which inside or outside oxidant reduction electrode module 10 for projecting.

Fuel when fuel electrode 170 is operated as anode at fuel electrode 170 is oxidized, and works as oxidant When reducing electrode 20 is operated as negative electrode, (this is when the electrochemical cell for electric discharge or electricity generation mode and load When L is connected), oxidant (the such as gaseous oxygen of autoxidator reducing electrode module 10 can be made at oxidant reduction electrode 20 The oxygen of the gaseous oxidizer in agent space) reduction, such as it is discussed in more detail below.The reaction occurred during discharge mode Secondary precipitated product, such as reducible fuel type can be produced in ion conducting medium.For example, in fuel be zinc enforcement In example, Zinc Oxide can be produced using as secondary precipitated product/reducible fuel type.Zinc Oxide or other metals are also to pass through Aoxidized using electrolyte solution or become solvate to support, and (for example zincate can be to not necessarily form precipitate The reducible fuel type of dissolving being maintained in fuel).What is be discussed in further detail below recharges in pattern, for example, aoxidize The reducible fuel type of zinc can reversibly be reduced and be deposited to during pattern is recharged as the fuel of such as zinc In at least a portion for the fuel electrode 170 for playing cathodic process.It is during pattern is recharged, as described below, oxidant reduction electricity Another part of pole 20 or independent charging electrode 330 and/or fuel electrode 170 plays anode.

Therefore, it is possible to will be appreciated that in certain embodiments when battery component 290 is dipped in ion conducting medium The electrochemical reaction occurred in battery can be reduction-oxidation (redox) reaction.Including as ion conducting medium will The reducible Zinc Oxide being plated is sent out using a non-limiting example as the zinc fuel on fuel electrode 170, reduction reaction Give birth at fuel electrode 170 (reduction place), and can be in accordance with ZnO → H₂O+2e^-→Zn+2OH^-.Corresponding oxidation reaction occurs At charging electrode (i.e. individually charging electrode 330), and can be in accordance with 2OH^-→2e^-+1/2O₂+H₂O.It should be understood that filling Electrode (which can be characterized as analysing oxygen electrode) generates oxygen within battery.Such as using other realities of different metal fuel Apply in example, it may appear that other reactions, which can also isolate oxygen in the battery.

As shown in figure 12, switching system 340 can be provided with to electrode body 300, independent charging electrode 330 and oxidant The electrical connection of each of reducing electrode 20 is controlled or manages.In embodiment, switching system 340 may be configured to Make when being dipped in ion conducting medium battery component 290 and power ps, load L or other battery components 290 (connect or It is in parallel) it is connected.This connection can pass through the first terminal 350 and Second terminal 360 is formed, wherein the first end during recharging Son 350 is negative (negative electrode) and Second terminal 360 is positive (anode).During discharging, fuel electrode 170 and load L phases Even, and as anode it is operable to when the fuel at the fuel electrode 170 the is oxidized electronics sent by metal fuel It flow to external loading L.Oxidant reduction electrode 20 plays negative electrode during discharging, and is configured to receive from outer The electronics of section load L and the oxidant reduction contacted with oxidant reduction electrode 20 is made, specifically make immersed oxygen The hydrogen reduction in gaseous oxidizer in the gaseous oxidizer space of agent reducing electrode module 10.Therefore, in embodiment, oxygen Agent reducing electrode 20 can be metal gaseous oxidizer breathing negative electrode.

The operation of switching system 340 can become because of embodiment, and the operation of switching system 340 in certain embodiments With it is described in U.S. Patent Application Serial Number No.13/299,167 and by reference to and be integrally joined to this those phases It is similar.As another example, in embodiment, external loading L can coupling in parallel with each permeable electrode body 300a-300e Close, be such as on April 9th, 2009 submit to and by reference to and be integrally joined to this U.S. Patent Application Serial Number No.12/ Described in detail by 385,489.In other embodiments, external loading L can only with permeable electrode body 300a-300e's One terminal is connected (i.e. in electrode body 300a of 20 distal end of oxidant reduction electrode), so as in each permeable electrode body Fuel consumption is continuously present between 300a-300e.

In the explanation embodiment of Figure 12, switching system 340 includes by-pass switch 370, charging electrode switch 380 and oxygen Agent reducing electrode switch 390.By-pass switch 370 is configured to make the first terminal 350 electrically connect with Second terminal 360, due to Multiple reasons bypass battery component 290, isolate battery component 290 of damage etc., and the plurality of reason includes but do not limit to In staggeredly using by immersing multiple batteries that multiple battery components 290 are formed.Oxidant reduction electrode switch 390 can make oxygen Agent reducing electrode 20 be connected with Second terminal 360 with during electrochemical cell discharges in fuel electrode 170 with oxidant also Electric potential difference is set up between primary electrode 20.Charging electrode switch 380 is configured at least to make charging electrode 330 and potentially fuel Some (as described in more detail below) of electrode 170 are connected with Second terminal 360, to set up and 350 phase of the first terminal The electric potential difference of the remainder of fuel electrode 170 even.

In some non-limiting examples, the switch of switching system 340 can be single-pole single throw or single-pole double throw.They Can be pivot, slide or locking relay type.Further, it is also possible to using the switch based on quasiconductor.Electrically (machine Electrical relay) or magnetically or by additive method well-known to those skilled in the art activation switch.Can use any The switch of other appropriate types, and example here is not limited.In embodiment, if switch has in one direction There is leakage current, then multiple switch is connected in series.For example, the body diode based on the switch of MOSFET quasiconductors will be a side It is conductive upwards and back-to-back in the face of leakage current can be eliminated in series by being positioned to based on the switch of MOSFET quasiconductors.

As shown in explanation embodiment, multiple electrodes body switch 400b-400e is configured to alternately make electrode body Each of 300b-300e be connected with the first bus 410a being associated with electrode body 300a (and thus with the first terminal 350 It is connected), or be connected with the second bus 410b being associated with independent charging electrode 330 (and open from there through charging electrode Close 380 to be connected with Second terminal 360).In embodiment, electrode body switch 400b-400e can be characterized as single-pole double throw.One In a little embodiments, electrode body switch 400b-400e can have three optional settings, so that each electrode body 300b-300e can To be connected with electrode body 300a (and the first terminal 350) and individually charging electrode 330, or with electrode body 300a and independent Both charging electrodes 330 disconnect.In embodiment, this electrode body switch 400b-400e can be characterized as SP3T.As institute Show, by make electrode body 300b-300e each be connected with the first bus 410a or the second bus 410b, permeable electrode body Each of 300b-300e can be fuel electrode by electrically connecting with the first terminal 350 or Second terminal 360 respectively or fill A part for electrode.

Such as illustrate that embodiment is further illustrated, the switch of switching system 340 is by can be any appropriate configuration and configuration Controller 420 controlling, although and electricity can be attached it to by channel base 240 such as in certain embodiments On pond lid 180, but which may be located remotely from battery component 290 in other embodiments.In embodiment, controller 420 can be by It is configured to the anode potential from power ps being applied to permeable electrode body 300b-3 and charging electrode 330 is managed. By the reducible ion reduction for making the metal fuel from ion conducting medium, controller 420 can make metal fuel electro-deposition, Little by little to grow into each subsequent electrode body 300b-300e from permeable electrode body 300a so that cathode potential is applied to each With in latter linked electrode body 300b-300d.Controller 420 can also remove anode potential with latter linked electrode body from each, And anode potential can be applied at least to by the not connected subsequent electrode body of electro-deposition or charging electrode 330, wherein most Rear electrode body (i.e. electrode body 300e) by electro-deposition with electrically connect in front electrode body 300a-300d.This applying anode electricity Gesture may be configured to allow or can make the oxidizing of oxidable species.

In embodiment, controller 420 can include following circuits, and the circuit is configured to according to 430 pairs of switches of input The switch of system 340 is manipulated to determine appropriate switchgear distribution.In certain embodiments, input 430 could be for right Instruction, outside reading or the meeting relevant with battery that controller 420 is controlled affect the measurement of the operation of switching system 340 As a result etc..Controller 420 can also include the microprocessor for the execution such as more complicated decision of option.In some embodiments In, controller 420 is could also function as entering to loading L, the connectivity between power ps, first battery and n-th battery The function of row management.In certain embodiments, controller 420 can include following appropriate logics or circuit, the appropriate logic or Circuit detects for response and reaches the voltage of predetermined threshold (such as dropping below predetermined threshold) and start appropriate bypass Switch 370.

In certain embodiments, controller 420 may further include or related to sensor device 440, including but not It is confined to voltammeter (numeral is simulated) or potentiometer or or many that can be used to determine when the configuration for changing multiple switch Individual other voltage measuring apparatus, during charging to keep anode and negative electrode neighbouring during fuel growth progress.In some enforcements In example, sensor device 440 can be to across the battery component 290 that can be used for the configuration for determining when change multiple switch on the contrary Or its electric current, resistance or any other electricity or physical property measure.For example, sensor device 440 can be to electric current point The reduction of the electric potential difference between peak or two electrode bodies is measured.In certain embodiments, controller 420 can be according to the time The passage of increment is controlled to the switch of switching system 340.For example, it is known that fuel grows to proceed in embodiment Time between adjacent electrode body, and the time be used for calculate when switching system 340 is operable to it is little by little right Electrode rewiring is separated with keeping adjacent between anode and negative electrode, or provides parallel relatively progressive charging, such as special in the U.S. Sharp patent application serial numbers No.13/230,549 and U.S. Patent Application Serial Number No.13/299, it is described in greater detail in 167, passes through With reference to being integrally joined to this.In embodiment, controller 420 can be controlled to the switch of switching system 340 to be thought Battery provides high effective model, such as in U.S. Patent Application Serial Number No.13/083, is more fully described in 929, by reference to It is integrally joined to this.

As described above, in embodiment, controller 420 may be configured to by-pass switch 370 is controlled to bypass Battery component 290.In various embodiments, as following many reason by-pass switches 370 can be closed, many originals Control is fed to because of the reading relevant with battery that include being carried out based on sensor device 440 or based on by input 430 The external command of device 420.In embodiment, other controllers that controller 420 can be related to other battery components 290 420 cooperations, and programmably other controllers 420 can be controlled to carry out network control to battery component 290. In embodiment, master controller can be provided to be controlled to multiple controllers 420, this provides can be to multiple battery components The ability that the operation of 290 switching system 340 is controlled.In embodiment, controller 420 can be realized such as but not limiting to In with U.S. Patent Application Serial Number No.13/299, the algorithm of those disclosed in 167 similar, or realize Other computers or programming Control to switching system 340.

Figure 13 is turned to, by a pair of battery component 290 (individually battery component 290a and battery component 290b) positioning with slotting Enter in ion conducting medium module 450, the ion conducting medium module 450 is configured to receiving battery component 290 and can soak A certain amount of ion conducting medium for entering is to form electrochemical cell.Although in explanation embodiment intermediate ion conducting medium module 450 are configured to receive a pair of battery components 290, but ion conducting medium module 450 can be matched somebody with somebody in other embodiments It is set to and receives any number of battery component 290.In explanation embodiment, ion conducting medium module 450 is by each set of cells Part 290 is received in correlation reception groove 460.For example, battery component 290a can be received by receiving slit 460a, and can be by receiving Groove 460b receives battery component 290b.Such as it is discussed in more detail below, once battery component 290 is received groove 460 receive, Then battery holder 470 can engage them to be locked onto in ion conducting medium module 450 with battery component 290.

Although ion conducting medium module 450 can be to protect a certain amount of ion conducting medium in certain embodiments Hold in constant pond, but be configured to make ionic conduction therein be situated between in explanation embodiment intermediate ion conducting medium module 450 Matter flows between fluid intake 480 and fluid issuing 490, is such as discussed in more detail below.Although in certain embodiments Ion conducting medium in ion conducting medium module 450 is shared across receiving slit 460, but in all some enforcements as described In example, each receiving slit 460 is physically separated with other receiving slits such as by manifold etc., to keep ion to lead Electrolyte or ion conducting medium flow through them parallel.

Because ion conducting medium is conductive, therefore ion conducting medium flows through multiple electrochemical cells and can cause branch Electric current, flows through the ionic conduction between the electrode of the different battery components 290 being contained in same ion conducting medium module 450 The parasite current of medium or reactive electric current, it is poor across the overall potential of multiple electrochemical cells to it reduce.Ionic conduction Medium physical separation can pass through reactive electrical connection of the disconnection formed in ion conducting medium, set up at least some It is galvanically isolated come for interrupting branch current.In order that the ion conducting medium physical separation between battery component 290, such as under It is more fully described in text, each receiving slit 460 can include one or more stream dispersers, such as that on 2 4th, 2011 It is submitting to and by reference to being integrally joined to described in this U.S. Patent Application Serial Number No.13/362,775 that A bit.Thus, as indicated, disperser gaseous oxidizer can be provided in certain embodiments in ion conducting medium module 450 Entrance 500.

In fig. 14, the cross section for describing the ion conducting medium module 450 that across receiving slit 460a and 460b is intercepted regards Figure.In embodiment is illustrated, ion conducting medium is replaced to be that two battery components 290 are shared, each receiving slit 460 includes which certainly Oneself associated inlet disperser chamber 510 (individually entrance disperser chamber 510a and 510b) and outlet disperser chamber 520 is (individually Ground outlet disperser chamber 520a and 520b) so that the ion conducting medium related to each receiving slit 460 is electrically insulated.Illustrate to implement The viewgraph of cross-section of example shows from fluid intake 480 fluid inlet path for leading to following fluid intake manifold (not shown) 530, the fluid intake manifold by the ion conducting medium for flowing wherein be divided into each entrance disperser chamber 510a and 510b.Although this fluid intake manifold will cause ion conducting medium to be flowed between receiving slit 460a and 460b parallel, Be in certain embodiments can between receiving slit 460a and 460b serial flow, to flow into entrance disperser chamber 510a, flows through receiving slit 460a, into entrance disperser chamber 510b, and leaves outlet disperser chamber 520b.Other flowings are matched somebody with somebody It is also possible to put.However, in explanation embodiment, it is as described below, lead to disperser gaseous oxidizer manifold (not shown) Disperser gaseous oxidizer path 540 at least provides gaseous oxidizer to entrance disperser chamber 510a and 510b.

In fig .15, the viewgraph of cross-section of the ion conducting medium module 450 along receiving slit 460a is presented, which illustrates The inside of entrance disperser chamber 510a and outlet disperser chamber 510b.From the point of view of the view, it will be appreciated that work as ionic conduction When medium is flowed into fluid intake 480, it can flow up (i.e. against gravity) and can help to ionic conduction Jie so as to gravity Matter is disperseed in entrance disperser chamber 510.For by the fluid intake manifold of flow point to entrance disperser chamber 510a and 510b (again It is secondary not shown) may be located between fluid intake 480 and entrance disperser chamber 510 Anywhere.

Although the ion conducting medium of receiving slit 460a is flow through in the dispersion of ion conducting medium described here by referring to, It is that similar flow path can be related to receiving slit 460b.In explanation embodiment, entrance disperser chamber 510a is dissipated comprising flow point Device 550, the stream disperser 550 are configured to by making ion conducting medium through one or more nozzles 560 divide ion The flowing of conducting medium.In embodiment, disperser 550 is flowed by the terminal positioned at fluid inlet path 530, so as to ionic conduction Medium will be dropped through one or more nozzles 560, and the rear dispersion with scattered form by entrance disperser chamber 510a Part 570.By disperseing ion conducting medium, any electricity for otherwise flowing through ion conducting medium of such as branch current will be interrupted Stream, this prevent the impact of this electric current between the battery component 290 of convection cell connection or minimizes it.

In including some illustrated in fig. 15 embodiments, from the gaseous oxygen of disperser gaseous oxidizer entrance 500 Agent across gaseous oxidizer path 540 until it reaches disperser gaseous oxidizer manifold (not shown), and can be entered Disperser chamber gaseous oxidizer entrance (also not shown).In certain embodiments, disperser chamber gaseous oxidizer entrance can be only It is an isolation and special nozzle 560, while it may be located at the top in entrance disperser chamber 510 in other embodiments Other places place.Gaseous oxidizer is under pressure, to reduce rear dispersion portion of the ion conducting medium in entrance disperser chamber 510 Divide 570 base portion trend foamy.In certain embodiments, from the gaseous oxidation of disperser gaseous oxidizer entrance 500 The pressure of agent can form head in ion conducting medium module 450, to allow connecing for ion conducting medium module 450 That receives the ion conducting medium in groove 460 flows up (i.e. against gravity).

After ion conducting medium dispersion is made in rear dispersion part 570, it can be focused at entrance disperser chamber 510a Bottom, so that it can continue to flow through receiving slit 460a, across being dipped in battery component 290a therein.As shown in figure 15, connecing There is receiving slit manifold 580a in the bottom for receiving groove 460a, receiving slit manifold 580a can be to ion conducting medium across battery component 290 flowing is divided and is guided, such as between electrode body 300 and across oxidant reduction electrode 20.In some enforcements In example, receiving slit manifold 580a can be by each flowing Road narrows of the flow guide of ion conducting medium to fuel electrode 170 320.Once ion conducting medium reaches the top of receiving slit 460a, then it can be flowed into relative outlet disperser chamber 520a.Although manifold may be located at the top of each receiving slit 460 with to the stream from fuel electrode 170 in certain embodiments The stream of dynamic Road narrows 320 is reconfigured, but is only the flowing to be led in receiving slit 460 in other embodiments Draw, rather than all the time by discrete flow path consistently guiding.In certain embodiments, export disperser chamber The position lower than the top of receiving slit 460a is may be located at the top of 520a, so that ion conducting medium can be by gravity Into it.

As indicated, outlet disperser chamber 520a can include stream disperser 590, the stream disperser 590 is configured to pass through Ion conducting medium is made to divide the flowing of ion conducting medium through one or more nozzles 600, to drop into out when it Ion conducting medium dispersion during the rear disperser chamber 610 in mouth disperser chamber 520.In certain embodiments, export disperser chamber 520 Can be the structure similar to entrance disperser chamber 510 or configuration.For example, in certain embodiments, exporting disperser chamber 520 can To further include disperser gaseous oxidizer entrance (not shown), the disperser gaseous oxidizer entrance may be configured to by Gaseous oxidizer from disperser gaseous oxidizer entrance 500 is received in rear disperser chamber 610.Similarly, flow disperser 590 and nozzle 600 can respectively to stream disperser 550 and nozzle 560 it is similar.However, in other embodiments, once ion is led Electrolyte reaches the top of receiving slit 460, it is possible to need not be against gravity flowing, in this case, outlet disperser chamber 520a can be configured as " spilling " that ion conducting medium is received when it leaves receiving slit 460a, and wherein it can be from outlet Disperser chamber 520a is discharged, as long as it is reconfigured in the bottom in rear disperser chamber 610.In some this embodiments, it is not Required disperser gaseous oxidizer entrance, because neither head must be kept behind nozzle 600, ion conducting medium leads to Often nor foam, bubble or otherwise aggregation (back up) are within outlet disperser chamber 520.All as described one In a little embodiments, anyway, can be in fluid issuing discrimination by exporting the scattered ion conducting medium of disperser chamber 520a institutes In pipe 620 with recombined by exporting the scattered ion conducting medium of disperser chamber 520b (in Figure 15 obscure) institutes, with Just the ion conducting medium for reconfiguring can jointly flow out fluid issuing 490.

As described above, support chip 54 can be used for when oxidant reduction electrode module 10 is dipped in ion conducting medium to oxygen Agent reducing electrode module 10 is positioned.The embodiment of Figure 15 is further illustrated can be with oxidant reduction electrode module 10 On the support chip setting element 630 that is meshed of support chip 54, to contribute to that the battery component 290 in receiving slit 460 is entered Row positioning.In embodiment, support chip 54 can wherein comprising the groove that can receive each setting element 630, to protect Battery component 290 is held for receiving slit manifold 580 in certain height, and is propped up when it is dipped in ion conducting medium Some weight of support battery component 290.Although support chip 54 extends from installation frame 50 in explanation embodiment, including In the other embodiment of support chip 54, they can extend from other regions of shell 30 or may be located at battery component 290 On other places place.Additionally, for make oxidant reduction electrode module 10 alignment other mechanism be also it is possible, including but not The groove being formed in shell 30 is confined to, the groove can receive the alignment tab in ion conducting medium module 450.Here institute The setting element stated only is exemplary, and can additionally or alternatively provide other setting elements, or thoroughly can be saved Slightly.

In fig. 16 it is shown that being wherein mounted with the saturating of the ion conducting medium module 450 of battery component 290a and 290b View, wherein configuring superincumbent circuit module 640 for installation on channel base 240.In embodiment, circuit module 640 can receive and 170 electric coupling of fuel electrode for each battery component 290a and 290b in ion conducting medium module 450 Conductor 220 and the conductor 150 with 20 electric coupling of oxidant reduction electrode.In certain embodiments, single circuit module 640 Can be related to each battery component 290, and in all as directed other embodiments, circuit module 640 can be with multiple electricity Pond component 290 is related.In embodiment, circuit module 640 can include above-mentioned switching system 340 wherein.Circuit module 640 Controller 420 and adapter for input 430 are included wherein can also.However, in other embodiments, circuit module 640 can only comprising the adapter being connected with positioned at remote controller 420.As described shown in embodiment, circuit mould Block 420 can thereon comprising can be by the of two battery sharings being formed by battery component 290a and battery component 290b One terminal 650 and Second terminal 660, and can serial or parallel connection in various embodiments.For example, in some embodiments In, the first terminal 650 can be connected with the first terminal 350a of battery component 290a, and Second terminal 660 can be with set of cells Second terminal 360b of part 390b is connected.In other embodiments, the first terminal 650 of circuit module 640 can respectively with electricity Pond component 290a is connected with 350b with the first terminal 350a of 290b, and the Second terminal 660 of circuit module 640 respectively with battery Component 290a is connected with 360b with Second terminal 360a of 290b.In all some embodiments as described, can provide can Make the intermediate terminal 665 electrically connected between the first battery component 290a and the second battery component 290b.It is, for example possible to use middle Terminal 665 so as to can manually selectively by ion conducting medium module 450 battery exclude above-mentioned by-pass switch 370 it It is used in conjunction with outward or with above-mentioned by-pass switch 370.

Oxidant inlet adapter 670 and the oxidation of each battery component 290 are further illustrated on circuit module 640 Agent Outlet connector 680.Specifically, in the illustrated embodiment, there is the electricity respectively with battery component 290a and 290b The oxidant inlet adapter 670a and 670b that pond lid gaseous oxidizer entrance 250a and 250b are coupled is to provide gaseous oxidation The path that agent is entered by circuit module 640 in the gaseous oxidizer space of oxidant reduction electrode module 10.Similarly, it is described Bright embodiment describes battery cover gaseous oxidizer outlet 260a and 260b phase couplings respectively with battery component 290a and 290b The oxidant outlet adapter 680a and 680b of conjunction arrives oxidant reduction electrode by circuit module 640 to provide gaseous oxidizer Path outside the gaseous oxidizer space of module 10.Although depositing for each battery component 290 in explanation embodiment In single oxidant inlet adapter 670 and oxidant outlet adapter 680, but in certain embodiments, oxidant enters Any two in mouthful adapter 670 and oxidant outlet adapter 680 multiple can link together (or in circuit mould Inside or outside block 640) connected with the concurrently or sequentially gaseous oxidizer flowing set up by oxidant reduction electrode module 10. For example, in embodiment, single oxidant inlet adapter 670a can be provided gaseous oxidizer is supplied to gaseous oxidation In agent entrance 250a, and circuit module 640 may be configured to make gaseous oxidizer outlet 260a and gaseous oxidizer entrance 250b is coupled.Hereafter the single oxidant outlet for being configured to be coupled with gaseous oxidizer outlet 260b can be provided to be connected Device 680b, so that gaseous oxidizer is by serial flow, first flows through oxidant reduction electrode module 10a, thereafter through oxidant Reducing electrode module 10b.

Describe in fig. 17 to include ion conducting medium module 450, battery component 290a and 290b and electricity thereon The completed cell module 690 of road module 640.In certain embodiments, generally by stream to fluid intake 480 and outflow fluid issuing 490 ion conducting medium is stored in bin R (not shown), and is flowed pump FP (also not shown) and be utilized for one Or multiple battery modules 690 are pumped to ion conducting medium.In certain embodiments, multiple fluid intakes 480 can lead to Cross manifold connection and be fluidly connected each other, can stream of the parallel drive by each battery module 690 to flow pump FP.At other During i.e. head is maintained at outlet disperser chamber 520 and thus in embodiment (flow export 490 in the case of), in front electricity The flow export 490 of pond module 690 can be fluidly connected with the inflow entrance 480 of subsequent battery module 690, so that ionic conduction is situated between Matter traverses through each battery module 690 from reservoir R.In certain embodiments, battery module 690 can be with crossfire and cocurrent Combine and be fluidly connected.In certain embodiments, each battery module 690 can include the stream pump FP of their own.At some In embodiment, each battery module 690 may be configured to the supply of the ion conducting medium for arranging their own wherein again Circulation, and thus flow export 490 can be passed directly to flow in pump FP, directly lead to the flow export for returning to same battery module 690 480。

In certain embodiments, one or more oxidant inlet adapters 670 can be connected with oxidizer source.Although In some embodiments, oxidizer source can be surrounding gaseous oxidizer, but can provide gaseous oxygen in other embodiments Agent pump AP flows through the gaseous state defined in oxidant reduction electrode module 10 to set up gaseous oxidizer or other oxidants Oxidant path.As carried out the liquid path of self-flow pump FP, the gaseous oxidizer path of gaseous oxidizer pump AP can be with Oxidant reduction electrode connector 670 is connected in series or in parallel.In certain embodiments, one or more gaseous oxidizers pump AP Can be embedded within circuit module 640, and gaseous oxidizer can be drawn by oxidant inlet adapter 670 and led Guide to outside oxidant outlet adapter 680.In certain embodiments, one or more gaseous oxidizers pump AP may be located at edge Gaseous oxidizer path Anywhere, and gaseous oxidizer can be set up by drawing to gaseous oxidizer or being pushed away Or the flowing of other oxidants is setting up stream.Gaseous oxidizer pump AP can be any appropriate configuration or configuration, including but not office It is limited to axial fan, centrifugal blower, crossflow blower fan or so-called " on-bladed blower fan ".

In certain embodiments for oxidant to be supplied to the identical gaseous oxidizer of oxidant reduction electrode module 10 Gaseous oxidizer is supplied to gaseous oxidizer disperser additionally by disperser gaseous oxidizer entrance 500 by pump AP.At other In embodiment, gaseous oxidizer is carried by disperser gaseous oxidizer pump DAP (also not shown) detached with gaseous oxidizer pump AP Supply disperser gaseous oxidizer entrance 500, the gaseous oxidizer is than being supplied to oxidant reduction in certain embodiments Under the higher pressure of the gaseous oxidizer of electrode module 10.For example, in embodiment, gaseous oxidizer pump AP can provide right Increase of the oxidant of oxidant reduction electrode 20 towards the pressure of the about 1/4PSI on the atmospheric pressure of side 45, this can be with There is provided and the perpendicular power of oxidant reduction electrode 20, which especially can aid in the ionic conduction to oxidant reduction electrode 20 Medium is balanced towards the power of the ion conducting medium on side 40.Similarly, the disperser gaseous oxidizer pump in embodiment DAP can be provided to the increase of the pressure of the about 1/2PSI on the atmospheric pressure in disperser gaseous oxidizer entrance 500, Hereafter provide it at least entrance disperser chamber 510 (and being supplied to outlet disperser chamber 520 in certain embodiments).Gas The pressure provided by state oxidant pump AP and/or disperser gaseous oxidizer pump DAP is different because of embodiment, and therefore can make With any appropriate pressurization (if if having) at all.

The oxidizer source of oxidant reduction electrode module 10 can be control (contained) oxygen in certain embodiments The source (such as oxygen tank) of agent.In embodiment, make the oxygen from electrochemical cell can be with recirculation, such as in U.S. It is disclosed in state's patent application 12/549,617 and by reference to being integrally joined to this.Similarly, when oxidant comes From the oxygen of surrounding gaseous oxidizer when, oxidizer source can be broadly considered transfer mechanism, but regardless of being passive Or active (for example, pump, aerator etc.), oxidant source stream can be allowed to oxidant reduction electrode 20 by this.Cause This, term " oxidizer source " is intended to include for being passively or actively sent to the oxygen from surrounding gaseous oxidizer The oxidant of the control of oxidant reduction electrode 20 and/or arrangement.

In various embodiments, the configuration of oxidant reduction electrode module 10 and which is right with fuel electrode module 160 Will definitely be with different from explanation here.For example, oxidant reduction electrode module 10 can include a pair of phases in certain embodiments To oxidant reduction electrode 20, this is configured to be aligned in a pair relative fuel electrodes 170 to relative oxidant reduction electrode 20 Between.In some this embodiments, baffle plate 158 can extend to gaseous state with the top section 60 of slave module 30 and base section 90 In oxidant space, wherein a pair of the installing plates 50 for placing oxidant reduction electrode module 10 surround baffle plate 158, to limit from gas Gaseous oxidizer passage of the state oxidant inlet 120 to gaseous oxidizer outlet 130, the gaseous oxidizer passage can make gaseous oxygen Agent is contacted with two oxidant reduction electrodes 20.In certain embodiments, by having a pair of oxidant reductions wherein The oxidant reduction electrode module 10 of electrode 20 and detached fuel electrode can share ion conducting medium to 170 and (aoxidize Agent reducing electrode module 10 and two fuel electrodes 20 are dipped in same ion conducting medium).Similarly, as described above, fuel One or both in electrode 170 can be coupled with oxidant reduction electrode module 10.In certain embodiments, a pair of oxidations The common fuel electrode 170 that agent reducing electrode module 10 can be surrounded between which or the fuel electrode of a pair of links between which 170, and with U.S. Patent Application Serial Number No.13/362, it is described in 775 and by reference to and combine in this Those are similar can to form double cell in certain embodiments.

As noted above, the baffle plate 158 or other supporting constructions in certain embodiments within air space can lead to Promote liquid ions usually through for the oxidant reduction electrode 20 in gaseous oxidizer space provides usual rigidity supporting structure The mitigation of power of the conducting medium on oxidant reduction electrode 20 or other distributions.It is to be appreciated that being assembled to oxidant also Material in primary electrode 20 can be generally less than the material stiffness of shell 30, and thus in ion conducting medium is immersed in When there is under the Fluid pressure of ion conducting medium tendency in the gaseous oxidizer space being bent between baffle plate 158.This Plant bending and there can be many side effect, including but not limited to tension force is placed in for oxidant reduction electrode 20 is fixed to On the binding agent of installation frame 50 and the electrical field deformation that makes between oxidant reduction electrode 20 and fuel electrode 170.Therefore, may be used Will be appreciated that baffle plate 158 is may be located in gaseous oxidizer space to support the region of oxidant reduction electrode 20 to drop The trend that hypoxia agent reducing electrode 20 is bent under fluid force.

For example, Figure 18 shows the embodiment of oxidant reduction electrode module 10, which illustrates the usual densification of baffle plate 158 Arrange to make restriction air duct in-between narrow to guide air-flow AF to flow upwardly through the sky in the side illustrated by arrow Gas passage.Arranged using this densification of baffle plate 158, due to there is provided bigger support, oxidant reduction electrode 20 otherwise can be with The region bent under fluid force reduces.Furthermore it is possible to will be appreciated that in embodiment baffle plate 158 itself can be with It is sufficiently thick further to support to provide for oxidant reduction electrode 20, as described in more detail below.In some embodiments In, the thickness of baffle plate 158 and its between interval can be proportional to one another to make the support to oxidant reduction electrode 20 most Bigization, while also making to maximize by the air-flow of air duct and making oxidant reduction electrode 20 be exposed to air or other gas State oxidant.

Although not being to limit, in the explanation embodiment of Figure 18, the thickness x of baffle plate 158 in the direction of the width can be with About 1mm.In addition, in the illustrated embodiment, the interval y between baffle plate 158 can be about in the direction of the width 2mm.In other embodiments, thickness x and interval y can change and can depend on the relatively firm of oxidant reduction electrode 20 Degree.For example, in the case where oxidant reduction electrode 20 has common rigid or reinforcement property, it is possible to use baffle plate 158 More wide interval y.As an example, in certain embodiments, the interval y of baffle plate 158 can about between 1-50mm, such as in reality 20mm is about in applying example, 10mm or about 5mm is about.Similarly, the thickness x of baffle plate 158 in certain embodiments 5mm or about 2mm can be about such as in embodiment about between 0.5 and 10mm.

Figure 19 describes the diminution perspective cross-sectional view of the region XVIII highlighted in the embodiment of Figure 18.Again, Baffle plate 158 may be configured to make air-flow AF separate different directions (i.e. by the air of oxidant reduction electrode module 10 In passage).Can be appreciated that such as in the view of Figure 19, can be by making passing through for the rear portion 100 from shell 30 It is (transparent to illustrate to say to oxidant reduction electrode 20 that the ion conducting medium power of baffle plate 158 carrys out ion balance conducting medium on the contrary It is bright to contact with baffle plate 158) hydrostatic pressure that applied.Thus, enter the ion conducting medium face of oxidant reduction electrode 20 The oxidant of oxidant reduction electrode 20 can be pressed onto gear towards the supporting zone 700 of side 45 to the ion conducting medium power of side 40 In the contact surface 710 of plate 158, itself is received from the ion conducting medium being pressed onto among the rear portion 100 of shell 30 Relative ion conducting medium power.Therefore, ion conducting medium power can be offset by the length of baffle plate 158, this limits oxidant also Among primary electrode 20 is deformed to the air duct in those supporting zones 700.In addition, the effect for reducing hydrostatic pressure can prevent electricity The speed increase that solution matter is flowed out by oxidant reduction electrode 20.The binding agent of such as PTFE may under pressure can be little by little Change pore size, the pressure can otherwise make ion conducting medium flow out to the air space of oxidant reduction electrode module with Air duct between baffle plate 158.Therefore, by the effect of reduction hydrostatic pressure, oxidant reduction electrode 20 can be improved Service life.

Again, make the interval y between baffle plate 158 that there is a certain size so that baffle plate 158 provides across oxidant reduction electrode 20 oxidant towards side 45 enough supports so as to the oxidant reduction electrode 20 being restricted or prevented between adjacent contacting surface 710 Deformation (i.e. as described, in unsupported region 720).Although however, it can be appreciated that be in some embodiments Middle baffle plate 158 can be formed by dense material construction, but in other embodiments at least in the baffle plate of 710 near-end of contact surface 158 part itself can be usual breathable, to promote to absorb those supporting zones of oxidant reduction electrode 20 Gaseous oxidizer at 700.Similarly, the oxidant of oxidant reduction electrode 20 is saturating enough towards side 45 in certain embodiments Gas is so that the oxidant contacted with non-supporting zone 720 enters in oxidant reduction electrode 20 to be supplied to oxidant Supporting zone 700.

The embodiment of electrochemical cell described here is not considered as restricting in any way and is conduct How the non-limiting example for being charged using this battery of teaching described here or being discharged is provided.In 2010 The U.S. Patent Application Serial Number No.12/885,268 description by reference to being integrally joined to this of on September submission in 17, The rechargeable electrochemical cell system with charge/discharge mode conversion in battery.As also described above, using battery component Fluidly connecting between 290 multiple electrochemical cells can change.Be on December 4th, 2009 submit to and by reference to and Be integrally joined in this U.S. Patent application No.12/631,484 to provide the battery being connected in series embodiment it is additional thin Section.

Although single ion conducting medium module 450 is described herein, the single ion conducting medium module 450 has Two receiving slits 460 therein are enclosed in receive two battery components 290 and set up battery module 690, but this Bright can be being implemented by additional receptive groove 460 and battery component 290 and/or additional by what is be connected with those illustrated fluids What ion conducting medium module 450 was implemented, which establishes battery of any size etc..Can be utilized for increasing in the present invention The alternately or additionally mechanism of the ion resistance between the battery that big fluid is connected, such as by reference to special with reference to the U.S. in this Those discussed in sharp patent application serial numbers No.12/631,484.In certain embodiments, battery component 290 and/or ion are led Electrolyte module 450 can include one or more catch traies, such as by reference to reference to U.S. Patent application sequence in this Row number No.13/185, those described in 658, which can be positioned to receive on strategy and be separated with fuel electrode 170 Fuel particle and aoxidize which.In certain embodiments, battery component 290 (includes such as oxidant reduction electrode module 10) or ion conducting medium module 450 a part wherein can include such as by reference to reference to the U.S. in this The impermeable row of such as gaseous oxidizer liquid permeable described in temporary patent application serial number No.61/515,749 The steam vent of pore, the steam vent can be such that the undesirable gas in battery is discharged into away from battery, including but not limited to arrange Among being put into the gaseous oxidizer path of immersion.

It should be understood that in certain embodiments can by additive or other materials be applied to ion conducting medium or In electrode.For example, in order to limit or suppress the liberation of hydrogen at fuel electrode 170, which can occur in some cases in electric discharge mould During formula or static (open circuit) is during the period, addition Sal is hindering evolving hydrogen reaction.Tin salt, lead salt, mantoquita, hydrargyrum can be used Salt, indium salts, bismuth salt or any other material with high Hydrogen over potential.Furthermore it is possible to add tartrate, phosphate, lemon Lemon hydrochlorate, succinate, ammonium salt or other liberation of hydrogen suppressant additives.In embodiment, the metal fuel of such as Al/Mg is closed Gold can be used to suppress liberation of hydrogen.Furthermore it is also possible to or alternatively other additives are added on ion conducting medium, including But be not limited to for improving the additive of the electrodeposition process of the metal fuel on fuel electrode 170, such as by reference to It is integrally joined to described in this U.S. Patent Application Serial Number No.13/028,496.This additive can be reduced The laissez-faire dendritic growth of fuel particle, and therefore this fuel particle and 170 detached probability of fuel electrode.

Previously embodiment described be merely it is that the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function principle of the present invention is illustrated and is provided and It is not intended to make restriction.For example, the present invention can be using different fuel, different oxidants, different electrolyte, and/or difference What overall structure configuration or material were implemented.Used as non-limiting example, the configuration of electrochemical cell in certain embodiments can be with Including from U.S. Patent Application Serial Number 12/385,217,12/385,489,12/549,617,12/631,484,12/776, 962、12/885,268、13/028,496、13/083,929、13/167,930、13/185,658、13/230,549、13/299, 167th, 61/515,749 one or more units or setting, 61/555,982, and in 61/556,011.Therefore, the present invention Intention covers all modifications within the spirit and scope of appended below book, replacement, change and equivalent.

Claims

1. a kind of component, including：

Battery cover, oxidant reduction electrode module, and the fuel electrode module comprising fuel electrode, the fuel electrode module For being immersed in ion conducting medium together with the oxidant reduction electrode module, the ion conducting medium is comprised in In the chamber of electrochemical cell, the chamber has the opening for facing upwards, and the opening for facing upwards is used for oxidant reduction electricity The insertion of pole module and the fuel electrode module and closed by the battery cover,

The oxidant reduction electrode module is connected to the battery cover and is configured to be immersed in the electrochemical cell In the ion conducting medium in the chamber, the oxidant reduction electrode module includes：

Shell, the shell are configured to limit gaseous oxidizer reception space therein, and the shell is arranged to insertion and wears Cross the opening for facing upwards in the chamber and be immersed in the ion conducting medium；

Oxidant reduction electrode, the oxidant reduction electrode have oxidant towards side and ion conducting medium towards side, should Oxidant reduction electrode is installed to the shell so that oxidant reduction electrode limits the side for gaseous oxidizer reception space Boundary's wall, wherein oxidant are facing inwardly toward gaseous oxidizer reception space towards side and ion conducting medium aspect-oriented is to outside To be exposed to ion conducting medium；

Conductor channel, the conductor channel include the electric conductor for being electrically connected to the oxidant reduction electrode；

Gaseous oxidizer entrance and gaseous state oxidant outlet, the gaseous oxidizer entrance and gaseous state oxidant outlet are by extending through Cross the gaseous oxidizer passage of gaseous oxidizer reception space and couple；And

One or more support members within gaseous oxidizer reception space, one or more of support members are limited to institute State between gaseous oxidizer entrance and gaseous oxidizer outlet and through described in the gaseous oxidizer reception space Gaseous oxidizer passage, one or more support members are configured to prevent from being immersed in ionic conduction Jie when oxidant reduction electrode When in matter, oxidant reduction electrode deformation is among gaseous oxidizer reception space, and by gaseous oxidizer in gaseous oxidizer Flowing within passage is directed to gaseous oxidizer outlet from gaseous oxidizer entrance；And

The outlet of the conductor channel, the gaseous oxidizer entrance and the gaseous oxidizer is deployed in the upper of the shell Portion, and can connect to the corresponding connectors on the battery cover with set up the oxidant reduction electrode electrical connection and The entrance and exit of the gaseous oxidizer, and

Gaseous oxidizer is wherein allowed to enter in gaseous oxidizer reception space by gaseous oxidizer entrance, the oxidant is also Primary electrode is configured to absorb gaseous oxidizer towards side by oxidant and make gaseous oxygen during electrochemical cell discharges Agent is reduced；

The battery cover is coupled with the fuel electrode module, and the oxidant reduction electrode is electric with fuel on the battery cover Interpolar is every when being immersed in ion conducting medium, to make the ion conducting medium of oxidant reduction electrode towards side and combustion The metal fuel of material electrode is exposed to ion conducting medium aoxidize metal fuel with electrochemical means, and wherein ionic conduction is situated between Matter is reduced with holding oxidant towards conduction ion between side in the ion conducting medium of fuel electrode and oxidant reduction electrode Electrochemical reaction between electrode and fuel electrode.

2. component according to claim 1, wherein shell is single compression-molded structures, and is configured so as to be formed at outer Among only single sealing between shell and oxidant reduction electrode will be immersed in ion conducting medium.

3. component according to claim 1, wherein by the impermeable sealant of ion conducting medium by oxidant also Primary electrode is sealed to shell.

4. component according to claim 1, wherein oxidant reduction electrode include politef.

5. component according to claim 1, wherein one or more support members are integrally formed with shell.

6. component according to claim 1, wherein one or more support members include the baffle plate for gaseous oxidizer.

7. component according to claim 1, the part of wherein one or more support members are spaced adjacent to each other, by limiting The interval of a part for gaseous oxidizer passage and separate.

8. component according to claim 7, wherein interval is between 1-50mm.

9. component according to claim 8, wherein interval is 20mm.

10. component according to claim 8, wherein interval is 10mm.

11. components according to claim 1, wherein entering into gaseous oxidation to being allowed through gaseous oxidizer entrance Gaseous oxidizer in agent reception space pressurizes to keep normal pressure in gaseous oxidizer reception space.

12. components according to claim 1, wherein ion conducting medium are liquid.

13. components according to claim 1, wherein the battery cover is included：It is configured to and oxidant reduction electrode mould The battery cover gaseous oxidizer entrance that the gaseous oxidizer entrance of block is coupled, to allow gaseous oxidizer by battery cover It flow to oxidant reduction electrode；And be configured to export what is be coupled with the gaseous oxidizer of oxidant reduction electrode module Battery cover gaseous oxidizer is exported, to allow gaseous oxidizer to flow from oxidant reduction electrode by battery cover.

14. components according to claim 1, further include the second oxidant reduction electrode module, second oxidant Reducing electrode module includes related oxidized dose of reducing electrode, and the second oxidant reduction electrode module is positioned at electric with oxidant reduction The oxidant reduction electrode of the relative position of pole module, wherein oxidant reduction electrode module and the second oxidant reduction electrode mould The oxidant reduction electrode of block is facing, at the same fuel electrode be located at oxidant reduction electrode module oxidant reduction electrode with Between the oxidant reduction electrode of the second oxidant reduction electrode module.

15. components according to claim 14, further include the oxidant reduction positioned at oxidant reduction electrode module The second fuel electrode between the oxidant reduction electrode of electrode and the second oxidant reduction electrode module, the fuel electrode and oxygen The oxidant reduction electrode of agent reducing electrode module is associated, and the second fuel electrode and the second oxidant reduction electrode mould The oxidant reduction electrode of block is associated.

16. a kind of electrochemical cell system, including：

Chamber, the chamber are configured to wherein comprising a certain amount of ion conducting medium, and the chamber has the opening for facing upwards；

Battery cover, for closing the opening faced upwards described in the chamber；

Coupled to one or more fuel electrodes of the battery cover, each of one or more fuel electrodes includes metal Fuel and it is configured to by the ion conducting medium contact in the chamber；And

One or more the oxidant reduction electrode modules being immersed among the ion conducting medium in the chamber, each oxidation Agent reducing electrode module includes：

Shell, the shell are configured to limit gaseous oxidizer space therein, and the shell is arranged to be inserted through institute State the opening for facing upwards in chamber and be immersed in the ion conducting medium；

Oxidant reduction electrode, the oxidant reduction electrode have oxidant towards side and ion conducting medium towards side, should Oxidant reduction electrode is installed to the shell so that oxidant reduction electrode limits the boundary wall for gaseous oxidizer space, Wherein oxidant be facing inwardly toward gaseous oxidizer space towards side and ion conducting medium aspect-oriented to outside to be exposed to Ion conducting medium；

The gaseous oxidizer entrance coupled by extend through the gaseous oxidizer passage in gaseous oxidizer space and gaseous oxygen Agent is exported, and which is configured to permit gaseous oxidizer and flow to the oxidant of oxidant reduction electrode towards side；And

One or more support members within gaseous oxidizer space, one or more of support members are limited to the gas Between state oxidant inlet and gaseous oxidizer outlet and through the gaseous state of the gaseous oxidizer reception space Oxidant channel, one or more support members are configured to prevent from being immersed in ion conducting medium when oxidant reduction electrode When oxidant reduction electrode deformation among gaseous oxidizer space, and by gaseous oxidizer within gaseous oxidizer passage Flowing from gaseous oxidizer entrance be directed to gaseous oxidizer outlet；And

The outlet of the conductor channel, the gaseous oxidizer entrance and the gaseous oxidizer is deployed in the upper of the shell Portion, and be all connected to the corresponding connection on the battery cover to set up the electrical connection of the oxidant reduction electrode and described The entrance and exit of gaseous oxidizer, and

One or more electrochemical cells are limited by each fuel electrode and at least one related oxidized dose of reducing electrode wherein, Each of one or more electrochemical cells is configured to during discharging, make the metal fuel at fuel electrode aoxidize simultaneously And reduce gaseous oxidizer at least one related oxidized dose of reducing electrode with produce be applied to load its between put Electric electric potential difference.

17. electrochemical cell systems according to claim 16, wherein each fuel electrode are configured to mount to one Or the correlation of multiple oxidant reduction electrode modules one, so as to fuel electrode and related oxidized dose of reducing electrode module Colaesce ground It is dipped in ion conducting medium.

18. electrochemical cell systems according to claim 16, wherein each electrochemical cell are further included from following The charging electrode selected in group, described group by (a) oxidant reduction electrode and the fuel electrode of (b) and each electrochemical cell With the independent charging electrode composition of oxidant reduction electrode gap.

19. electrochemical cell systems according to claim 18, wherein each fuel electrode and charging electrode are configured to The metal fuel of reducible species is made during recharge to reduce on the fuel electrode and to pass through metal fuel electro-deposition Apply therebetween to recharge electric potential difference to make the oxidizing of oxidable species from power supply.

20. electrochemical cell systems according to claim 19, wherein each fuel electrode are included in spaced relation A series of permeable electrode bodies for arranging；

The relation spaced apart of wherein permeable electrode body make it possible to recharge electric potential difference be applied to charging electrode with least Between one permeable electrode body, wherein charging electrode plays anode effect and at least one permeable electrode body plays negative electrode and makees With so that reducible fuel type is reduced and is electrodeposited at least one as metal fuel using oxidable form On permeable electrode body, wherein electro-deposition makes metal fuel grow between permeable electrode body to exist so as to electrodeposit metals fuel Electrical connection is set up between permeable electrode body.

21. electrochemical cell systems according to claim 19, wherein the metal fuel of reducible species include zinc, ferrum, The ion of aluminum, magnesium or lithium, and wherein metal fuel is zinc, ferrum, aluminum, magnesium or lithium.

22. electrochemical cell systems according to claim 16, wherein ion conducting medium include electrolyte solution with water.

23. electrochemical cell systems according to claim 22, wherein electrolyte solution with water include sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitre Acid, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, Sodium Chloride, potassium nitrate or lithium chloride.

24. electrochemical cell systems according to claim 16, further include gaseous oxidizer pump, the gaseous oxidizer Among pump is configured to for a certain amount of gaseous oxidizer to be pumped into gaseous oxidizer passage.

25. electrochemical cell systems according to claim 16, the shell of wherein oxidant reduction electrode module is single Compression-molded structures, and the only single sealing for being configured so as to be formed between shell and oxidant reduction electrode is immersed in ion Among conducting medium.

26. electrochemical cell systems according to claim 16, wherein by the impermeable sealing of ion conducting medium Oxidant reduction electrode is sealed to the shell of oxidant reduction electrode module for agent.

27. electrochemical cell systems according to claim 16, wherein oxidant reduction electrode include politef.

28. electrochemical cell systems according to claim 16, wherein one or more support members are integrally formed with shell.

29. electrochemical cell systems according to claim 16, wherein one or more support members are comprising for gaseous oxygen The baffle plate of agent.

30. electrochemical cell systems according to claim 29, the part of wherein one or more support members are adjacent to each other Interval, is separated by the interval of a part for restriction gaseous oxidizer passage.

31. electrochemical cell systems according to claim 30, wherein interval is between 1-50mm.

32. electrochemical cell systems according to claim 31, wherein interval is 20mm.

33. electrochemical cell systems according to claim 31, wherein interval is 10mm.

34. electrochemical cell systems according to claim 16, wherein entering to being allowed through gaseous oxidizer passage Enter to the gaseous oxidizer pressurization in the gaseous oxidizer space of gaseous reduction electrode module to protect in gaseous oxidizer space Hold normal pressure.

35. electrochemical cell systems according to claim 16, wherein one or more oxidant reduction electrode module bags Include two oxidant reduction electrode modules for being configured to surround one or more fuel electrodes, two oxidant reduction electrodes Module be located at as to be mutually facing so as to two oxidant reduction electrode modules the oxidant reduction electrode of each each other Face, and surround one or more fuel electrodes, two oxidant reduction electrode modules all have conductor channel, and two Oxidant reduction electrode module and conductor channel are connected to the battery cover by connection.

36. electrochemical cell systems according to claim 35, wherein one or more fuel electrodes are included for two oxygen The single fuel electrode that each oxidant reduction electrode of agent reducing electrode module is shared.

The method of a kind of 37. assembling oxidant reduction electrode modules and fuel electrode module, the oxidant reduction electrode module Both the ionic conduction for being configured to connect to battery cover with the fuel electrode module and being immersed in electrochemical cell is situated between Among matter, the electrochemical cell has chamber, and the chamber has the opening for facing upwards, and the opening for facing upwards is used for the oxygen The insertion of agent reducing electrode module and the fuel electrode module and closed by the battery cover, the method includes：

The shell being coupled with gaseous oxidizer entrance and gaseous state oxidant outlet is provided, the wherein inside of shell limits gaseous oxygen Agent space, the shell are arranged to the opening for facing upwards for being inserted through the chamber and are immersed in the ion In conducting medium；

Battery cover is provided, the battery cover includes the gaseous oxidizer entrance phase coupling being configured to oxidant reduction electrode module The battery cover gaseous oxidizer entrance of conjunction, to allow gaseous oxidizer that oxidant reduction electrode is flow to by battery cover；

The fuel electrode module is coupled to into the battery cover；

One or more support members are provided within gaseous oxidizer space, one or more support members are configured to form gas State oxidant channel is flowed between gaseous oxidizer entrance and gaseous oxidizer outlet with guiding gaseous oxidizer；

Oxidant reduction electrode is sealed to into shell, so that the oxidant of oxidant reduction electrode is facing inwardly toward gaseous oxygen towards side Agent space and boundary wall for gaseous oxidizer space is limited, and the ion conducting medium face of oxidant reduction electrode To side facing external with oxidant reduction electrode module immerse wherein when be exposed to ion conducting medium；And

Sealing conductor channel, the conductor channel include the electric conductor for being electrically connected to the oxidant reduction electrode；

Wherein, when being immersed in ion conducting medium, the assembling of shell and oxidant reduction electrode prevents ion conducting medium It flow in gaseous oxidizer space；

Wherein one or more support members are configured to prevent the oxygen when oxidant reduction electrode is immersed in ion conducting medium Agent reducing electrode is deformed in gaseous oxidizer space；The conductor channel, the gaseous oxidizer entrance and the gaseous state It is described to set up that oxidant outlet is deployed in the top of the shell, and the corresponding connectors being connected on the battery cover The electrical connection of oxidant reduction electrode and the entrance and exit of the gaseous oxidizer, and

Wherein gaseous oxidizer entrance allows gaseous oxidizer to flow in gaseous oxidizer space.

A kind of 38. methods of assembling electrochemical cell, including：

Offer is configured to the chamber comprising a certain amount of ion conducting medium wherein, and the chamber has the opening for facing upwards；With For closing the battery cover of the opening faced upwards described in the chamber；

I () makes to immerse oxidant reduction electrode module and is immersed in a certain amount of ion through the opening for facing upwards in the chamber and lead Within electrolyte, the oxidant reduction electrode module that immerses is configured to keep by shell and the oxygen of oxidant reduction electrode The gaseous oxidizer space limited towards side by agent, the gaseous oxidizer space and gaseous oxidizer entrance and gaseous oxidizer Outlet is coupled；(ii) fuel electrode is made to be immersed in a certain amount of ion conducting medium through the opening for facing upwards in the chamber Within, the fuel electrode includes metal fuel and is configured to be contacted by ion conducting medium；

The fuel electrode is coupled to into the battery cover；

The electric conductor of conductor channel is electrically connected to into the oxidant reduction electrode；And

Gaseous oxidizer is received in gaseous oxidizer space by gaseous oxidizer entrance；

The outlet of wherein described conductor channel, the gaseous oxidizer entrance and the gaseous oxidizer is deployed in the shell Top, and be all connected to the corresponding connection on the battery cover with set up the oxidant reduction electrode electrical connection and The entrance and exit of the gaseous oxidizer；

One or more support members are provided in gaseous oxidizer space wherein, one or more support members are configured to prevent When oxidant reduction electrode is immersed in ion conducting medium, oxidant reduction electrode deformation is to gaseous oxidizer reception space Among, while limiting gaseous oxidizer passage, the gaseous oxidizer passage is configured to guide gaseous oxidizer in gaseous oxidation Flow between agent entrance and gaseous oxidizer outlet；

Wherein the ion conducting medium aspect-oriented of oxidant reduction electrode is to fuel electrode and is exposed to ion conducting medium, So that ion conducting medium can conduct ion between fuel electrode and oxidant reduction electrode to support fuel electrode and oxygen Electrochemical reaction at agent reducing electrode；And

Wherein fuel electrode and oxidant reduction electrode are configured to during discharging aoxidize the metal fuel at fuel electrode And reduce gaseous oxidizer at oxidant reduction electrode with produce be applied to load its between discharge potential it is poor.