CN103092142B - Based on the farmland fertility data acquisition analysis system of data mining - Google Patents
Based on the farmland fertility data acquisition analysis system of data mining Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of farmland fertility data acquisition analysis system based on data mining, relate to the accurate variable fertilization technical field of operation in farmland, comprise sensor data acquisition module, GPS locating module, data blind source separating module, majority according to integrated fusion module, data-mining module, database module, Sensor monitoring module, upper and lower computer communication module.By adding data-mining module and upper and lower computer communication module in sensor data acquisition analytic system, make farmland fertility acquisition analysis system can carry out statistical study effectively to the analysis data of multiclass sensor, the real time data of multiclass sensor collection is analyzed by data-mining module, obtain certain regular also generation about different plot moisture, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, the correlation rule of the soil material content such as heavy metal, these rules are sent to upper and lower computer communication module, upper and lower computer communication module sends control command and implements different accurate work patterns to central control system to the plot of different spaces time, thus reach the object that Tree Precise Fertilization waters.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the accurate variable fertilization technical field of operation in farmland, specifically based on the farmland fertility data acquisition analysis system of data mining.
Background technology
Precision agriculture (PrecisionAgriculture) be by infotech etc. support according to spatial variability, location, regularly, the system of a whole set of modernization farming operative technique of quantitatively implementing and management, its basic connotation is according to proterties and yield-power spatial variabilitys such as the soil moisture fertility of plant growth, effective adjustment drops into the means of agricultural production of crops, determine the productive target of crops, implement " data acquisition, formulation optimization, Integration ofTechnology, scientific management ", maximum transfer soil productivity, the highest economic benefit and environment benefit is reached with minimum input, environmental protect simultaneously, utilize all kinds of agricultural resource efficiently.
Precision agriculture is based on real-time data acquisition, has merged the technological means such as GIS, GPS, RS, information, biology, reaches the object of carrying out the fertilising of automatic variable water spray for different plot.It mainly comprises five functional: information acquisition, information transmission, data mining, decision support, control system, thus improves crop yield, saves resource, has contained soil erosion, finally achieves yield-power and balancedly organically to develop with ecological.
Because we are difficult to obtain the potential knowledge of the essence of data intuitively, result in the phenomenon of " data explosion but knowledge is poor ".Therefore, we intend utilizing data mining technology from mass data, obtain effective, novel, potentially useful, finally can to understand pattern non-trivial procedural information, utilize decision system to carry out corresponding production decision for different farming.
Although the precision agriculture system of the developed countries such as current America and Europe can realize very intelligentized operation, reach the object of setting, but usage data digging technology can excavate the effective knowledge of potential novelty in agricultural data, thus make system more intelligent, have stronger robustness, this is innovation place of the present invention just.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is that providing a kind of obtains the soil data such as Farmland Water fertility, excavate the effective pattern information of potential novelty, thus reach the farmland fertility data acquisition analysis system based on data mining of water spray fertilising accurately automatically.
Technical matters to be solved by this invention realizes by the following technical solutions,
Based on the farmland fertility data acquisition analysis system of data mining, it is characterized in that: comprise central control system, with the sensor data acquisition module of central control system control linkage, GPS locating module, data blind source separating module, most according to integrated fusion module, data-mining module, database module, Sensor monitoring module, upper and lower computer communication module, described sensor data acquisition module and the wireless connections of Sensor monitoring module, described sensor data acquisition module and data blind source separating model calling, data blind source separating module and majority are according to integrated fusion model calling, majority is connected with data-mining module according to integrated fusion module, data-mining module and database module, database module and upper and lower computer communication module.
Described sensor data acquisition module in charge gathers the fertility data such as moisture, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium of soil in field; Described sensor data acquisition module has near infrared sensor, LIBS sensor, ionic conductivity sensor, flow sensor, and these sensors can detect several data simultaneously;
Described GPS locating module is responsible for locating different field, to link the data processing in later stage, implements location automatic variable water spray fertilising, and provides corresponding service for the path planning in plot;
Described data blind source separating module in charge is separated and obtains useful signal, strengthens echo signal and weakens or stress release treatment signal, accurately obtains field information to reach.
Described data integration Fusion Module is responsible for carrying out integrated to the data that multiclass sensor obtains and merging, and compares fusion with GIS, RS sensor information, the uniformity signal that integrated different sensors obtains, and improves the precision that sensing data obtains;
Described data-mining module embeds several data mining algorithms for data such as soil moisture fertility, be responsible for excavating the correlation rule in soil fertility data, excavate potential in soil data, novel, effective relationship information targetedly, can be used to guidance and carry out automatic variable and precisely to spray water fertilising;
The working condition of described Sensor monitoring module in charge monitoring sensor, gives different weights to different plot, so that well carry out data processing and excacation;
Described database module is responsible for storing the relevant various data of total system, this module in central processing system, divide one piece of internal memory or external one piece of internal memory stores relevant data, and such as history run operating mode, the data collected, data processing excavate to obtain the data such as information Sum fanction;
Described upper and lower computer communication module is responsible for the communication of sensor and central processing system, is used for realizing data retransmission between each module and local data carries out the functions such as wireless transmission to long-range.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. the intellectuality of system
Design of the present invention divides by functional module, can finally realize full automatic system cloud gray model, comprise automatic data acquisition, data transmission, data can be provided to ensure and decision support for automatic water jetting fertilising, some interface also can be provided to set for the manual intervention of user simultaneously;
2. the application of data mining technology
The achievement of the many up-to-date maturation of data analysis and data mining has been merged in the present invention, can excavate the effective information of potential novelty in field soil data that is directed to, achieve the function of many complexity, thus reach the object of full-automatic intelligent precision;
3. the extensibility of system
The present invention intends developing the functional modules such as the data collection and analysis of versatility, and corresponding functional module can be added or shield to the embedded central control system of ARM at any time, and user also can set different parameters thus meet oneself needs, and extensibility is very strong.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is module structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is System Operation schematic flow sheet of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is data-mining module process flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is data blind source separating block flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that the present invention is most according to integrated fusion block flow diagram.
Embodiment
The technological means realized to make the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with concrete diagram, setting forth the present invention further.
As Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, based on the farmland fertility data acquisition analysis system of data mining, comprise central control system, with the sensor data acquisition module of central control system control linkage, GPS locating module, data blind source separating module, most according to integrated fusion module, data-mining module, database module, Sensor monitoring module, upper and lower computer communication module, sensor data acquisition module and the wireless connections of Sensor monitoring module, sensor data acquisition module and data blind source separating model calling, data blind source separating module and majority are according to integrated fusion model calling, majority is connected with data-mining module according to integrated fusion module, data-mining module and database module, database module and upper and lower computer communication module.
Sensor data acquisition module has the function of timing acquiring field soil fertility data, and the signal of collection can convert digital signal or the simulating signal of the process of computing machine identifiable design automatically to.The timing of data acquisition can set in real time, also can off-line setting in advance.
GPS locating module has the function of locating different field position, and we can obtain the position in different plot to utilize GPS, and GPS information is stored in internal memory or SD storage card.
Data blind source separating module has separation and to make an uproar source signal, the function of calibration echo signal.Utilize principal component analysis (PCA), independent component analysis, core sparse component analysis scheduling algorithm noise signal is separated with echo signal and does other relevant treatment work, echo signal is stored in internal memory simultaneously.
Data integration Fusion Module has integrated and merges the echo signal of multiclass sensor and compare the function of fusion with the information such as GIS, RS of obtaining in advance.Utilize MajorityVoting scheduling algorithm to carry out the uniformity signal of integrated different sensors acquisition, in general Integrated Algorithm can improve the precision that target information obtains.
Data-mining module has the function excavating the effective correlation rule of potential novelty in the soil moisture fertility data of different plot.These correlation rules can be used for guidance to carry out automatic variable and precisely to spray water fertilising, optimized variable Fertilization Decision.We utilize the data mining algorithm such as core decision tree, correlation rule transfer learning to excavate the correlation rule of soil fertility data, and these correlation rules realize water spray fertilising through central control system and wait automatic control function and operation.
Sensor monitoring module has the function of monitoring sensor.The data obtained in different plot image data due to different sensors can fluctuate to some extent, and we can give different weights according to demarcation to different plot.In addition, this module also can the working condition of monitoring sensor, and real-time sends alerting signal etc. to central control system.Sensor information can write in LOG daily record so that the process in later stage.
Database module has the function that data store.This module can be rejected garbage, store relevant information, to save storage space, reduces costs.When an insufficient storage space exists, can data be transmitted by radio frequency transmission modes such as GPRS, 3G wireless transmission or Zigbee and delete.
Upper and lower computer communication module has the communication between processes sensor, central processing system and other utility appliance.Be used for realizing data retransmission between each module and local data carries out the functions such as wireless data transmission to long-range.
Can sensing system be arranged on large tractor during work, when tractor is in Tanaka's operation, the data such as moisture, fertility of each field of collection that sensing system is real-time.In order to save memory headroom, these huge data will enter the identification that data blind source separating module carries out data source, obtain the signal source needed.Work according to integrated fusion module the signal source obtaining high-precision soil moisture, fertility with most through regular data blind source separating module simultaneously.These field data after treatment, be generally stored in a database of central control system, and the GPS locating information of field are also stored in corresponding database.When after the data obtaining a large amount of plot, data-mining module is started working, read the various information of field, analyze the correlation rule of effective novelty potential in these data, these rules are utilized to be optimized design to later control system, to determine in which field execution amplitude of carrying out which kind of action and action etc., thus in more rationally intensive mode, the farming operations such as water spray fertilising are carried out to different field.Sensor monitoring module can be used to the working condition of monitoring data collection, and upper and lower computer communication module is used for carrying out the information transmission etc. between sensing system and central control system.
As shown in Figure 3, first by the data storing of different field in database, these data will carry out the normalization of data, data prediction with filtering redundancy wherein and irrelevant data according to the needs of task, may also need to use data integration and the technological means such as conversion, Data Dimensionality Reduction.Subsequently a large amount of data are divided into training set and test set by technology such as Cross-Validation, from training set Mining Frequent Patterns or test set to obtain the correlation rule of study, carry out the process of study and data mining with this.
As shown in Figure 4, from the real time data such as Soil Water, fertility that sensor obtains, need to carry out the data prediction such as data normalization, centralization, albefaction according to task, then utilize the Related Component analytical algorithms such as core independent composition analysis algorithm, sparse component analysis to realize recovering source signal from the mixed signal of observation by optimization objective function.
As shown in Figure 5, utilize the data set of the technology such as Adaboost to each field to divide, obtain different subdata collection.The region between the heart and the diaphragm source separation each subdata collection being carried out to data recovers source signal, for numerous source signals, utilizes the technology such as MajorityVoting to integrate the information such as moisture, fertility of each field soil.
More than show and describe ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and instructions just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (2)
1. the farmland fertility data acquisition analysis system based on data mining, it is characterized in that: comprise central control system, with the sensor data acquisition module of central control system control linkage, GPS locating module, data blind source separating module, most according to integrated fusion module, data-mining module, database module, Sensor monitoring module, upper and lower computer communication module, described sensor data acquisition module and the wireless connections of Sensor monitoring module, described sensor data acquisition module and data blind source separating model calling, data blind source separating module and majority are according to integrated fusion model calling, majority is connected with data-mining module according to integrated fusion module, data-mining module is connected with database module, database module is connected with upper and lower computer communication module,
Described sensor data acquisition module in charge gathers moisture, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, the potash fertilizer force data of soil in field; Described GPS locating module is responsible for locating different field, to link the data processing in later stage, implements location automatic variable water spray fertilising, and provides corresponding service for the path planning in plot; Described data blind source separating module in charge is separated and obtains useful signal, strengthens echo signal and weakens or stress release treatment signal, accurately obtains field information to reach; Described data integration Fusion Module is responsible for carrying out integrated to the data that multiclass sensor obtains and merging; Described data-mining module is responsible for excavating the correlation rule in soil fertility data; The working condition of described Sensor monitoring module in charge monitoring sensor, gives different weights to different plot, so that well carry out data processing and excacation; Described upper and lower computer communication module is responsible for the communication of sensor and central processing system, is used for realizing data retransmission between each module and local data carries out wireless transmission function to long-range;
During work, sensing system is arranged on large tractor, when tractor is in Tanaka's operation, moisture, the fertility data of each field of collection that acquisition analysis system is real-time, these data enter the identification that data blind source separating module carries out data source, obtain the signal source needed; Work according to integrated fusion module the signal source obtaining high-precision soil moisture, fertility with most through data blind source separating module simultaneously; These field data after treatment, be stored in a database of central control system, and the GPS locating information of field are also stored in corresponding database; When after the data obtaining a large amount of plot, data-mining module is started working, read the various information of field, analyze the correlation rule of effective novelty potential in these data, these rules are utilized to be optimized design to later control system, to determine the execution amplitude of which field to carry out which kind of action and action in, thus in more rationally intensive mode, the operation of water spray fertilising farming is carried out to different field.
2. the farmland fertility data acquisition analysis system based on data mining according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described sensor data acquisition module has near infrared sensor, LIBS sensor, ionic conductivity sensor, flow sensor.
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| CN103529783B (en) * | 2013-10-13 | 2016-03-09 | 广西卡西亚科技有限公司 | A kind of cane planting monitoring device based on the Big Dipper/GIS |
| CN103823371B (en) * | 2014-02-12 | 2016-06-29 | 无锡中科智能农业发展有限责任公司 | Agriculture Tree Precise Fertilization system and fertilizing method based on neural network model |
| CN104429268A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-25 | 沈阳远大科技园有限公司 | Fertilization method |
| CN104484412A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-04-01 | 芜湖乐锐思信息咨询有限公司 | Big data analysis system based on multiform processing |
| CN106444534A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-02-22 | 江苏智石科技有限公司 | Control method of cultivated soil monitoring system |
| CN107646282A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-02-02 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of portable liquid manure integrated apparatus |
| CN108966169A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-12-07 | 梧州市兴能农业科技有限公司 | For the Analysis on heavy metal pollution early warning system of agricultural land soil |
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