CN103091080A - Test method based on drill gear ring compound motion rock breaking test hardware testing system - Google Patents
Test method based on drill gear ring compound motion rock breaking test hardware testing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103091080A CN103091080A CN 201110372920 CN201110372920A CN103091080A CN 103091080 A CN103091080 A CN 103091080A CN 201110372920 CN201110372920 CN 201110372920 CN 201110372920 A CN201110372920 A CN 201110372920A CN 103091080 A CN103091080 A CN 103091080A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a test method based on a drill gear ring compound motion rock breaking test hardware testing system. The test method comprises a first step of testing stress, bit pressure, displacement and torque of a drill through a force sensor, a pressure sensor, a displacement sensor and a torque sensor, a second step of testing drill revolving speed and gear ring revolving speed through a drill revolving speed sensor and a gear ring revolving speed sensor at the same time, a third step of collecting measured signals after being amplified through an amplifier in the first step and the second step through a data acquisition card, and the fourth step of inputting the signals into a computer to be analyzed and processed. The test method can be finished by one person to operate the computer, an original operating method that a person controls a test control console button and the computer to finish the test and the acquisition of data is replaced, test operation processes are simplified, and automatic control of the test process is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of testing based on drill bit gear ring composite motion broken rock test hardware system.
Background technology
In petroleum drilling, drill bit is the main tool of ravelly ground rock, is the important means that improves rate of penetration in petroleum drilling engineering, reduces drilling cost.In order to improve the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit, reach the purpose that reduces costs, just must and select the drill bit that is fit to formation characteristics for different drilling stratum designs.The main method of research drill bit efficiency of breaking rock has site test and shop experiment both at home and abroad at present, site test is exactly the drill bit application at the scene that designs for Different Strata, and then revise design and processing again, and develop like this cycle that a specific character drill bit needs long, cost is high; Indoor main test method has the vertical indentation test of monodentate, the test of drill bit gear ring composite motion broken rock and full gauge bit drilling test.
The test that research is carried out for drill bit at present is mainly full gauge bit test and the test of drill bit gear ring composite motion broken rock, and full head dip test is mainly to detect the Fracture law that new drill creeps into the Different Strata rock; The test of drill bit gear ring composite motion broken rock is mainly the Fracture law of research different drill structure parameters, cutting structure and drilling parameter and formation rock.The test macro of existing full head dip test and the test of drill bit gear ring composite motion broken rock is mainly by drill bit, gear wheel and gear ring rotational speed pulse signal in sensor, tachometry instrument and data collecting card acquisition test process; By drill bit displacement, the pressure of the drill and the simulation torque signal in sensor, dynamic strain indicator and data collecting card acquisition test process.But along with further in-depth of drill bit research, a lot of problems that have existing head dip test test macro can not satisfy the needs of present stage drill bit research and new product development, such as: motion and the stressing conditions of research drill bit and 5 teeth, the analog quantity channel of existing two 8 channel data capture cards is inadequate, can not satisfy the expanded function of test needs comprehensively; Due to the impact of hydraulic system, motor and environment etc., the signal of dynamic strain indicator collection contains a large amount of noises, and the test figure accuracy is not high; The hardware device such as dynamic strain indicator and data collecting card is expensive, the test system hardware high in cost of production.Therefore in the urgent need to setting up a cover based on the head dip test test macro of modern test technology, with can be fast, accurately, motion and the stressing conditions of Real-time Collection drill bit and each tooth, thereby provide important research technique for new product development and the scientific design of drill bit.
The drill bit new product development must be through its performance of verification experimental verification on the basis of theory research, and head dip test has very important effect to the research and development premium quality product.Abroad, U.S. Smith Bits company, Hughes Christensen company, Halliburton company and Britain Schlumberger Cambridge company etc. have all set up the head dip test testing jig, drill bit research experiment newly developed is found out its relative merits, and correspondingly formulated the examination criteria of head dip test; Each company has all applied for corresponding drill bit design of Simulation patent simultaneously, wherein major part is take head dip test as the basis, many achievements in research have been obtained by carrying out head dip test, develop series of characteristics or high-performance drill bit, played very important effect for the mechanical separator speed that improves drill bit, crushing efficiency etc.
1975, built up the test stand of first full-scale simulation conditions down-hole in the salt lake city of Utah, USA, can be used for testing drill bit, subsurface tool and some mud motors.Apply drilling pressure with hydraulic control system, servo-control system can be controlled by the needs of test objective and creep into permanent the pressure of the drill, permanent drilling speed or permanent moment of torsion mode.In drilling process, the data that capable of dynamic is measured have: drilling depth amount and the penetration speed of covering stress, lithostatic stress, pore pressure and the drill bit of the pressure of the drill, rotating speed, moment of torsion, rock.1985, Britain's Schlumberger Cambridge company built up the wellbore test frame of the well-known artificial ground of another world, and this test stand can be simulated the pressure and temperature of well depth 5000m.The collection of its whole experimental implementation control, the control of down-hole simulated conditions and experimental data and the closed-loop control that computer system is all used in processing, its control and test macro are more advanced.
At home, the units such as Jiang-Han Area drill bit joint-stock company, Chengdu exchange factory, Southwest Petrol University, Daqing oil field carry out drill bit new product development and scientific design studies and have all set up corresponding head dip test frame, to improving China's bit performance and research, catching up with world standard and played certain effect.1989, the miniature bur test stand of situation at the bottom of a simulation well was built up in the drilling well of Beijing petroleum exploration and development research institute of China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC).This test stand can do the following drill bit of 37/8in under 3500m well depth condition drilling test and carry out process of the test in data acquisition and analyzing and processing.The nineties, the drilling technique research institute of Daqing oil field builds up the machinery test stand of a simulation 6000m well depth condition.From 1981, drill bit research institute of Southwest Petrol University just carries out experimental study to point angle speed and gear wheel angular velocity, carry out the full gauge bit experiment on the large-size drill test stand, this test stand can apply the pressure of the drill of 300kN to drill bit, and record pulse signal and simulating signal in process of the test by sensor, input secondary instrument again and computing machine is processed, obtain the signals such as the pressure of the drill, moment of torsion, displacement and drill speed in process of the test.The beginning of the eighties, drill bit research institute of Southwest Petrol University is under the support energetically of China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), solving geometry of roller, kinematics series of theories problem, grasp drill bit and touched on the basis of the motion state of end tooth itself and rule thereof, built up the testing equipment that a simulation tooth-wheel bit tooth of initiating is made the hole process both at home and abroad.It can make the sample tooth make identical compound motion with true drill teeth, and by the operating process of control desk Control experiment, acquisition system acquisition test data are inputted computing machine again and carried out analyzing and processing.
These head dip test functions of the equipments imperfections, the operating console that various controls is housed by manually-operated is realized the control of whole process of the test, automaticity is low, particularly test macro adopts the signal of conventional hardware surveying instrument acquisition test process, function singleness, very flexible, expanded function limitation be large, be subject to external interference, collection signal contain a large amount of noises and hardware cost high.Complicated along with the increase of the petroleum drilling degree of depth and formation rock, more urgent according to the research work of Different Strata rock characteristics design and development characteristic drill bit, the importance of head dip test test seems more outstanding, the requirement that existing head dip test test macro does not reach the high-performance drill bit experimental test obviously.
Motion state and stress when tooth-wheel bit is worked in the shaft bottom are very complexes.Drill bit moves in the shaft bottom, except drill bit around self axis rotatablely move as clockwise direction and gear wheel around the bit leg axis is done counterclockwise to rotatablely move, also has the slip of axial longitudinal vibration and gear wheel, the compound motion that these several motions occur simultaneously, combine when being drilling well.Tooth-wheel bit is fractured rock under impact, crushing and the slip shear action that above-mentioned compound motion produces.
Can produce extensional vibration during roller bit cutting, in each vibration, compression lower drilling string when drill bit is up, when drill bit is descending drill string recover former length, its potential energy is converted into the dynamic loading of drill bit.During drill bit work, the power that tooth is applied on rock has static load (being added in the pressure of the drill on drill bit) and dynamic loading (drill bit and lower drilling string are accelerated to descend and the dynamic load of generation), when that is to say tooth impact grinding rock, the reacting force that drill bit is subject to rock also equals static load and dynamic loading sum.Drill bit except being subject to vertical static load and dynamic loading, due to drill string rotating, also will be subject to torsional interaction when underground work.When the pressure of the drill is larger, tooth wedging rock is darker, and especially tooth slides in the shaft bottom when larger, and the moment of torsion that drill bit bears is larger.
When tooth-wheel bit is worked in the shaft bottom, because drill bit produces longitudinal vibration in the shaft bottom, make drill string constantly compression and extension, lower drilling string passes to tooth to this periodic elastic deformation energy, produce tooth to impact, the granulitization of rock, this crumbling method is one of major way of tooth-wheel bit fractured rock.In tooth-wheel bit when work,, because the project organization of drill bit and the impact of stratum frictional resistance produce slip, rotating speed is faster, slippage is larger, and is larger to the shearing-crushing of rock, thereby shears bottom rock by the slip of tooth, improves crushing efficiency.Can find out in the research process of drill bit the brief analysis of tooth-wheel bit in shaft bottom motion, stressed and fractured rock situation according to above-mentioned, must effectively analyze the pressure of the drill, torsional interaction and drill bit that the broken rock motion of drill bit bears and the rotating speed of gear wheel.
Rotating speed, drill bit displacement, the pressure of the drill and the torque signal etc. that all need to gather by test macro gear ring in full head dip test test process, and input the analyzing and processing that computing machine carries out test figure are for the further research of drill bit product provides research technique.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming and defect of above-mentioned prior art, a kind of method of testing based on drill bit gear ring composite motion broken rock test hardware system is provided, should can operate computing machine by a people based on the method for testing of drill bit gear ring composite motion broken rock test hardware system completes, replace former cause manually-operated test console button and computing machine and completed the collection of test and data, simplified the test operation process, realized that the robotization of process of the test is controlled.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the method for testing based on drill bit gear ring composite motion broken rock test hardware system, it is characterized in that, and comprise the following steps:
(a) at first, stressed, the pressure of the drill, displacement, the moment of torsion by power sensor, pressure transducer, displacement transducer, torque sensor test drill bit;
(b) simultaneously, by drill speed sensor and gear ring speed probe test drill speed and gear ring rotating speed;
(c) step (a) and (b) in the signal that records after amplifier amplifies, gathered by data collecting card;
(d) last, the input computing machine carries out analyzing and processing.
In described step (a), the test process of moment of torsion is: adopt strain measurement technology that special-purpose foil gauge is sticked on tested elastic shaft with strain gage adhesive, and form strain bridge; The 24VDC working power is provided outside sensor, being converted to AC power through oscillatory circuit senses on turning axle by one group of toroidal transformer again, the DC voltage that is transformed to high stability through rectifying and voltage-stabilizing provides working power to strain bridge, can test the strain mV signal that this elastic shaft is turned round; After this strain mV signal is amplified, convert the frequency signal that is directly proportional to twisting strain to through overvoltage/frequency; Sense the sensor circuits outside through the square wave frequency signal that shaping, filtering output are directly proportional to moment of torsion through one group of toroidal transformer again, both can offer special-purpose secondary instrument or frequency meter and show that also can directly input computing machine processes.
In described step (a), the test process of the pressure of the drill is: when pressure transducer is subjected to External Force Acting, by extrinsic motivated voltage, stressed size conversion is become corresponding electromotive force, thereby reach the purpose of measuring the pressure of the drill.
The drill bit gear ring composite motion broken rock test hardware system that the present invention is used, mainly by strain transducer, drill speed sensor, gear ring speed probe, consist of with the amplifier that strain transducer, drill speed sensor, gear ring speed probe are connected respectively, described amplifier is connected with data collecting card, and described data collecting card is connected with computing machine.
Described strain transducer comprises power sensor, pressure transducer, displacement transducer, torque sensor.
Described power sensor, pressure transducer, displacement transducer, torque sensor and amplifier be corresponding being connected one by one.
Described drill speed sensor, gear wheel speed probe and amplifier be corresponding being connected one by one.
In sum, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: can operate computing machine by a people and complete, replaced former cause manually-operated test console button and computing machine and completed the collection of test and data, simplified the test operation process, realized that the robotization of process of the test is controlled.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited only to this.
Embodiment:
The method of testing based on drill bit gear ring composite motion broken rock test hardware system that the present invention relates to comprises the following steps:
(a) at first, stressed, the pressure of the drill, displacement, the moment of torsion by power sensor, pressure transducer, displacement transducer, torque sensor test drill bit;
(b) simultaneously, by drill speed sensor and gear ring speed probe test drill speed and gear ring rotating speed;
(c) step (a) and (b) in the signal that records after amplifier amplifies, gathered by data collecting card;
(d) last, the input computing machine carries out analyzing and processing.
In described step (a), the test process of moment of torsion is: adopt strain measurement technology that special-purpose foil gauge is sticked on tested elastic shaft with strain gage adhesive, and form strain bridge; The 24VDC working power is provided outside sensor, being converted to AC power through oscillatory circuit senses on turning axle by one group of toroidal transformer again, the DC voltage that is transformed to high stability through rectifying and voltage-stabilizing provides working power to strain bridge, can test the strain mV signal that this elastic shaft is turned round; After this strain mV signal is amplified, convert the frequency signal that is directly proportional to twisting strain to through overvoltage/frequency; Sense the sensor circuits outside through the square wave frequency signal that shaping, filtering output are directly proportional to moment of torsion through one group of toroidal transformer again, both can offer special-purpose secondary instrument or frequency meter and show that also can directly input computing machine processes.
In described step (a), the test process of the pressure of the drill is: when pressure transducer is subjected to External Force Acting, by extrinsic motivated voltage, stressed size conversion is become corresponding electromotive force, thereby reach the purpose of measuring the pressure of the drill.
System for use in carrying of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, mainly by strain transducer, drill speed sensor, gear ring speed probe, consist of with the amplifier that strain transducer, drill speed sensor, gear ring speed probe are connected respectively, described amplifier is connected with data collecting card, and described data collecting card is connected with computing machine.
Described strain transducer comprises power sensor, pressure transducer, displacement transducer, torque sensor.
Described power sensor, pressure transducer, displacement transducer, torque sensor and amplifier be corresponding being connected one by one.
Described drill speed sensor, gear wheel speed probe are corresponding with amplifier one to be connected.
Sensor is first link of measuring system, is the principal element that affects dynamic response, reasonably selects sensor according to measuring purpose and object, is to need the primary problem that solves in Design of Test System.
Torsion-testing: adopt strain measurement technology that special-purpose foil gauge is sticked on tested elastic shaft with strain gage adhesive, and form strain bridge.The 24VDC working power is provided outside sensor, being converted to AC power through oscillatory circuit senses on turning axle by one group of toroidal transformer again, the DC voltage that is transformed to high stability through rectifying and voltage-stabilizing provides working power to strain bridge, can test the strain mV signal that this elastic shaft is turned round; After this strain mV signal is amplified, convert the frequency signal that is directly proportional to twisting strain to through overvoltage/frequency; Sense the sensor circuits outside through the square wave frequency signal (this signal is Transistor-Transistor Logic level) that shaping, filtering output are directly proportional to moment of torsion through one group of toroidal transformer again, both can offer special-purpose secondary instrument or frequency meter and show that also can directly input computing machine processes.
The pressure of the drill test: pressure transducer is to utilize the resistance-strain principle, high-precision foil strain gauge is sticked on elastic body by certain mode, when sensor is subjected to External Force Acting, by extrinsic motivated voltage, stressed size conversion is become corresponding electromotive force, thereby reach the purpose of measuring the pressure of the drill.
But data collecting card is extraneous analog signal conversion the digital signal of computer system analyzing and processing, and by driver, data transmission is entered computing machine.
Drill bit gear ring composite motion broken rock test electrical control realizes that the automatic control of process of the test and test macro are to the control of the hardware devices such as sensor and data collecting card.The broken rock of the rising of the start and stop by the solenoid control hydraulic pump in drill bit gear ring composite motion broken rock process of the test, silicon controlled start and stop, rotating disk and decline and drill bit gear ring add uninstall process, the sensor measurement test signal, capture card acquisition test signal converts weak electric signal to the forceful electric power signal through change-over panel and relay, and the PLC circuit is automatically controlled the fast rise of rotating disk and broken away from fast.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, and every foundation technical spirit of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent variations that above embodiment is done are within all falling into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. based on the method for testing of drill bit gear ring composite motion broken rock test hardware system, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(a) at first, stressed, the pressure of the drill, displacement, the moment of torsion by power sensor, pressure transducer, displacement transducer, torque sensor test drill bit;
(b) simultaneously, by drill speed sensor and gear ring speed probe test drill speed and gear ring rotating speed;
(c) step (a) and (b) in the signal that records after amplifier amplifies, gathered by data collecting card;
(d) last, the input computing machine carries out analyzing and processing.
2. the method for testing based on drill bit gear ring composite motion broken rock test hardware system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (a), the test process of moment of torsion is: adopt strain measurement technology that special-purpose foil gauge is sticked on tested elastic shaft with strain gage adhesive, and form strain bridge; The 24VDC working power is provided outside sensor, being converted to AC power through oscillatory circuit senses on turning axle by one group of toroidal transformer again, the DC voltage that is transformed to high stability through rectifying and voltage-stabilizing provides working power to strain bridge, can test the strain mV signal that this elastic shaft is turned round; After this strain mV signal is amplified, convert the frequency signal that is directly proportional to twisting strain to through overvoltage/frequency; Sense the sensor circuits outside through the square wave frequency signal that shaping, filtering output are directly proportional to moment of torsion through one group of toroidal transformer again, both can offer special-purpose secondary instrument or frequency meter and show that also can directly input computing machine processes.
3. the method for testing based on drill bit gear ring composite motion broken rock test hardware system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (a), the test process of the pressure of the drill is: when pressure transducer is subjected to External Force Acting, by extrinsic motivated voltage, stressed size conversion is become corresponding electromotive force, thereby reach the purpose of measuring the pressure of the drill.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105973551A (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2016-09-28 | 谭乃根 | Boring dynamics simulation test system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105973551A (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2016-09-28 | 谭乃根 | Boring dynamics simulation test system |
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Application publication date: 20130508 |