CN103077806B - A kind of self-excited push-pull type transducer - Google Patents
A kind of self-excited push-pull type transducer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of self-excited push-pull type transducer, the core combination utilizing more than two realizes the magnetic saturation the same with whole magnetic core to coming together, realize recommending the conversion of audion, the method realized uses, magnetic core contact surface uses minute surface technique, add magnetic liquid in minute surface junction, or be placed in high temperature to bake and realize magnetic saturation.Having conversion efficiency higher, volume of transformer is little, obtains transformer winding technique simple, the feature that concordance is good, reliability is high simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Switching Power Supply, particularly to self-excited push-pull type transducer class Switching Power Supply.
Background technology
Existing self-excited push-pull type transducer, the self-oscillation push-pull transistor single phase transformer DC converter that circuit structure was invented from nineteen fifty-five U.S. Luo Ye (G.H.Royer), also make Royer circuit, this is also the beginning realizing high frequency conversion control circuit；Partial circuit is looked into, from the nineteen fifty-seven U.S., the auto-excitation type that match (Jen Sen, some places translations " well is gloomy ") invents and is recommended dual transformer circuit, after be referred to as self-oscillation Jensen circuit or Jensen circuit；Both circuit, descendant is referred to as self-excited push-pull type transducer." principle of Switching Power Supply and the design " page 67 to page 70 in Electronic Industry Press of the related work principle of self-excited push-pull type transducer is described, this book ISBN 7-121-00211-6.The principal mode of circuit is above-mentioned famous Royer circuit and self-oscillation Jensen circuit.
Shown in Fig. 1 for the common application of self-excited push-pull type transducer, circuit structure is Royer circuit；Circuit shown in Fig. 2 is exactly famous self-oscillation Jensen circuit, Chinese Chang Yinyi is " well is gloomy " circuit, in fig. 1 and 2, circuit is employed to the magnetic core saturated characteristic of transformator B1 and vibrates, in the Jensen circuit of Fig. 2, the self-oscillating frequency of circuit and driving function, change and realized by magnetically saturated transformator B1, therefore, main power transformer B2 can be operated in undersaturated condition.
The frequency of oscillation of Royer circuit is the function of supply voltage, and " principle of Switching Power Supply and design " page 68 the 18th row in Electronic Industry Press is described, this book ISBN 7-121-00211-6.Incorporated herein as follows:
In formula: f is frequency of oscillation；BWFor work magnetic induction (T), typically take 50%～70% saturation pointB m Value；N is coil turn；SFor magnetic core net sectional area；VsFor working power voltage.
From formula (1) it can be seen that on the premise of the running voltage of Royer circuit is certain, its operating frequency is the most stable.Understanding the operation principle of Royer circuit for convenience, thus be further appreciated by the application, particularly circuit utilizes magnetic core saturated characteristic to carry out push-pull oscillator this point, here as a example by Fig. 1, its operation principle is described.
The circuit structure of Fig. 1 is: input filter capacitor C is connected between voltage input end and ground, is filtered input voltage；Filtered input voltage accesses start-up circuit, and start-up circuit is composed in parallel by biasing resistor R1 and electric capacity C1；The two ends of biasing resistor R1 centre cap with voltage input end and transformator B1 primary coil NB1 and NB2 providing positive feedbacks for two push-pull transistor TR1, TR2 base stages respectively is connected；The emitter stage of two push-pull transistors TR1, TR2 is altogether, two terminations of two colelctor electrode connection transformer primary coil NP1 and NP2 respectively, two terminations of base stage connection transformer primary coil NB1 and NB2, the centre cap in primary coil NP1 and NP2 connects voltage input end；The secondary coil NS of transformator B1 connects output circuit to voltage output end.
The summary of its operation principle is: see Fig. 1, switch on power moment, biasing resistor R1 and electric capacity C1 shunt circuit are by coil NB1 and base stage that NB2 winding is audion TR1 and TR2, emitter stage provides forward bias, two audion TR1 and TR2 begin to turn on, owing to two dynatron performances can not be just the same, therefore, wherein an audion can first turn on, assume that audion TR2 first turns on, produce collector current IC2, the voltage of the coil NP2 winding of its correspondence is upper just lower negative, according to Same Name of Ends relation, its base winding NB2 winding is just descending negative induced voltage on also occurring, this voltage increases the base current of audion TR2, this is the process of a positive feedback, thus quickly make audion TR2 saturation conduction；Correspondingly, the voltage of coil NB1 winding corresponding for audion TR1 is upper just lower negative, and this voltage reduces the base current of audion TR1, and audion TR1 is the most completely switched off.
The electric current in coil NP2 winding corresponding for audion TR2, and the magnetic induction that this electric current produces is linearly increasing in time, but magnetic induction increases to saturation point B close to or up transformator B1 magnetic coremTime, the inductance value of coil NP2 reduces rapidly, so that the collector current of audion TR2 sharply increases, the speed increased is much larger than the increase of base current, audion TR2 departs from saturated, the colelctor electrode of audion TR2 increases to the pressure drop UCE of emitter stage, correspondingly, voltage on transformator NP2 winding is reduced by same numerical value, the voltage of coil NB2 winding sensing reduces, result makes audion TR2 base voltage also reduce, cause audion TR2 to the change of cut-off direction, now, voltage on transformator B1 coil will be reversely, another audion TR1 is made to turn on, hereafter, repeat this process, form push-pull oscillator.The waveform of the outfan of winding Ns is as shown in Figure 3.
Fig. 4 is the square hysteresis loop of transformator B1 magnetic core, wherein+Bm,-BmFor two saturation point of magnetic core, in the half period of Fig. 3, the route of the operating point motion of transformator B1 magnetic core is ABCDE, and in lower half period, moving line is EFGHA.In fact, electric current in the coil windings that audion TR2 or TR1 is corresponding, and when the magnetic induction of this electric current generation increases linearly to D point or H point in Fig. 4 in time, circuit will carry out recommending conversion, i.e. another triode ON, and the audion of correspondence can end.Owing to audion exists storage time (storage time), i.e. transistor base receives cut-off signals, and collector current wants time delay short time just to initially drop until shutoff, the storage time can produce in the diagram, core operating point moving line is mobile to E point from D point, accordingly, or core operating point moving line is mobile to A point from H point.
Analog structure shown in Fig. 2, it is simply that the circuit that switch drive function departs from main power transformer, as shown in Figure 2.Mistake described above, the self-oscillating frequency of circuit and driving function, change and realized by magnetically saturated transformator B1, and therefore, main power transformer B2 can be operated in undersaturated condition.Although magnetic saturation occurs in B1, because the volume of B1 is relatively small, the energy that magnetic saturation consumes is little, and under the same conditions, the overall efficiency of Jensen circuit is slightly higher.
Above-mentioned Royer, Jensen electric circuit characteristic is: utilizing magnetic core saturated characteristic to carry out push-pull oscillator, transformator output waveform is approximate square waves, and the conversion efficiency of circuit is higher.Magnetic core will be at specific time instant close to saturation, so the magnetic core that there is air gap cannot be used.Above-mentioned self-excited push-pull type transducer must use magnetic saturation type magnetic core, and magnetic core to add air gap be known anti-magnetically saturated means.
In self-excited push-pull type transducer, there is also the circuit not being to utilize magnetic core saturated characteristic to carry out push-pull oscillator, such as collector mode of resonance Royer circuit, it is output as sine wave or approximate sine wave, collector mode of resonance Royer circuit is also known as " CCFL inverter (CCFL inverter) ", also CCFL inverter or CCFL changer can be referred to as, CCFL changer seals in the inductance of more than ten times of inductance values of main power winding at current supply circuit, and recommend, at two, the resonant capacitance that between transistor collector, a capacity in parallel is the biggest, to obtain sine wave output or approximate sine wave.
Another kind does not utilize magnetic core saturated characteristic to carry out the self-excited push-pull type transducer of push-pull oscillator, publish in People's Telecon Publishing House's nineteen ninety, " the power conversion technology " that Wang Guiying writes page 57 to page 70 is described, and this book ISBN is 7-115-04229-2/TN 353.In this book, the 3rd section of second row (the third line on Fig. 2-28) of page 57 Section three is mentioned: transformator is operated in unsaturated state, and the volume ratio of transformator is bigger.
The hysteresis curve after the least air gap opened by the magnetic core that the solid line of " having air gap " indication in Fig. 5 is corresponding for Fig. 4；The dotted line of " air-gap-free " indication in Fig. 5 is the hysteresis curve of contrast, identical with Fig. 4.Known technology is thought, after having opened air gap, coercivity and saturation point are constant, but it is intended to the anxious poly-increase of H-number reached needed for saturation point, i.e. electric current in coil increases, and this needs thicker enamel-covered wire to carry out coiling transformator B1, and the most original enamel-covered wire cannot bear bigger electric current, so, cost and the volume of transformator B1 all can increase；The anxious poly-increase of H-number needed for saturation point to be reached, another method is that the coil institute coiling number of turn of transformator B1 is multiplied, and equally, the number of turn is multiplied, and brings internal resistance to increase, and loss increases, and the efficiency of self-excited push-pull type transducer declines.This is also " transformator is operated in unsaturated state, and the volume ratio of transformator is bigger " producing cause that above-mentioned " power conversion technology " is mentioned.
Self-excited push-pull type transducer is in current field of switch power, due in small-signal model, unique ac small signal input impedance is positive power supply, and the ac small signal input impedance of other Switching Power Supply is negative, ac small signal input impedance is extremely inconvenient when being negative switch power parallel use, the ac small signal input impedance of self-excited push-pull type transducer is just, in parallel, cascade extremely easy to use, so being used widely.
For convenience, utilizing magnetic core saturated characteristic to carry out the self-excited push-pull type transducer of push-pull oscillator, hereinafter referred to as saturation type self-excited push-pull type transducer, the circuit not utilizing magnetic core saturated characteristic to carry out push-pull oscillator is referred to as unsaturation formula self-excited push-pull type transducer.Saturation type self-excited push-pull type transducer operating frequency is more stable, and volume of transformer is little；The volume ratio of unsaturation formula self-excited push-pull type transducer transformator is relatively big, and frequency changes the biggest with the change of load factor.Saturation type self-excited push-pull type transducer and unsaturation formula self-excited push-pull type transducer there is no significant difference on circuit form, i.e. cannot be distinguished from both changers on schematic diagram, and its main distinction is exactly on the magnetic core of transformator.
Above-mentioned self-excited push-pull type transducer has the disadvantage in that
1, the transformer winding difficulty of saturation type self-excited push-pull type transducer
See Fig. 1, Fig. 2, including Royer circuit and Jensen circuit, transformator B1 in circuit is to utilize magnetic core saturated characteristic to carry out push-pull oscillator, in order to realize magnetic saturation, it is all the magnetic core coiling transformator B1 using air-gap-free, general employing magnet ring coiling, 2011, global industry field newly promotes in 70,000,000 self-excited push-pull type transducer micropower power supply modules, all use the magnet ring coiling transformator of magnetic circuit Guan Bi, and diameter major part is less than 10mm, Fig. 6 schematic diagram gives the structure of this magnet ring, owing to magnetic circuit closes, during coiling, enamel-covered wire will be through the hole in the middle of magnet ring, coiling is relatively difficult.In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, transformator B1 must utilize magnetic saturation to realize pushing off conversion, can not open air gap, this brings the biggest difficulty, the at present enamel-covered wire of coiling so multiturn on the bead less than 10mm diameter to coiling, either, all there is processing difficulties in machine coiling or manual coiling.Using machine coiling, when ground floor winds, when the second layer, the enamel-covered wire of the second layer is difficult to fold on the first layer, can destroy the line sequence of ground floor, and result is more around the poorest, the most random；And manual coiling, institute around the number of turn, complete by operator's memory diligently, it is difficult to ensure that few around one or two circles or few around one or two circle, the number of turn once changes, then output voltage occurs as soon as deviation, after time serious, transformator is installed, it is impossible to realize original function.
Owing to relating to substantial amounts of manual coiling, this is also the reason causing the micropower power supply modular manufacture cost using self-excitation push-pull type translation circuit to remain high.
The volume ratio of 2, unsaturation formula self-excited push-pull type transducer transformator is bigger
This is described previously described " power conversion technology " page 57 to page 70, from the micropower power supply module of newly-increased every year nearly 70,000,000 self-excited push-pull type transducers in global industry field, it is also seen that, unsaturation formula self-excited push-pull type transducer transformator, due to volume and following reason, is not applied.
The reliability of 3, unsaturation formula self-excited push-pull type transducer is poor
This is described at previously described " power conversion technology " page 59 the 6th row: " during visible this circuit load change, frequency is unstable ", its operating frequency changes excessive in underloading and full load.5V to the 5V that contrast industrial circle usage amount is maximum, the changer of output electric current 200mA, for saturation type self-excited push-pull type transducer, its operating frequency is 100KHz or 200KHz, is being fully loaded with and in the case of zero load, and the change of its operating frequency is general within 5%.If being designed to unsaturation formula self-excited push-pull type transducer, magnetic core uses the common magnetic core of ER7.5, and when zero load, operating frequency is about 2MHz, and drops to about 300KHz in full load frequency；The widest frequency range, it is easy to interfere with miscellaneous equipment, because miscellaneous equipment is difficult to carry out evade design for interference source；Even if ER7.5 minute surface magnetic core in employing prior art, when zero load, operating frequency is about 310KHz, and drops to about 238KHz in full load frequency, and its rate of change reaches 29% more than.
At present, including the self-excited push-pull type transducer mentioned in China's Application No. 201010604284.7,201110200894.5,201110242377.4,201110247645.1,201110272261.5,201110436259.7 file, all do not have suitable technology to overcome self-excited push-pull type transducer in shortcoming described above, be summarized as follows:
1) the transformer winding difficulty of saturation type self-excited push-pull type transducer；
2) volume ratio of unsaturation formula self-excited push-pull type transducer transformator is bigger；
3) reliability of unsaturation formula self-excited push-pull type transducer is poor.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention overcomes above-mentioned deficiency, it is provided that a kind of self-excited push-pull type transducer so that the transformer winding of self-excited push-pull type transducer is convenient, and volume is little, and operating frequency rate of change is within 20%.
It is an object of the invention to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of self-excited push-pull type transducer, it is characterized in that: its transformator is that more than two core combination form, the faying face of magnetic flux process is minute surface, after core combination use magnetic liquid fill up or High temperature diffusion to air gap process after, air gap is disappeared, and part or all disappears, thus realizes the effect of whole magnetic core with Combined type magnetic core.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the first concrete technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of self-excited push-pull type transducer, it is characterized in that: its transformator is that more than two core combination form, and the faying face of magnetic flux process is minute surface, and magnetic core minute surface junction air gap magnetic liquid is filled up；
Preferably, above-mentioned magnetic liquid is that nano magnetic particle is dispersed in carrier fluid the stable colloidal solutions formed, and the saturation flux density of magnetic liquid is more than 180 Gausses；
More preferably, the saturation flux density of above-mentioned magnetic liquid is more than 2000 Gausses.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the concrete technical scheme of the second of the present invention is: a kind of self-excited push-pull type transducer, it is characterized in that: its transformator is that more than two core combination form, and the faying face of magnetic flux process is minute surface, minute surface combines the adhesion produced at 4.3N/cm2Above, after the winding made loads onto magnetic core, it is placed under the high temperature about magnetic core Curie temperature baking, until magnetic core minute surface adhesion is at 7N/cm2Above.
The operation principle of the present invention is, the self-excited push-pull type transducer of technique scheme, and its transformator is that more than two core combination form, so, just can wind transformator on skeleton, or constitute coil with the Copper Foil cabling on circuit board, then load onto each magnetic core from circuit board both sides.The faying face of magnetic flux process is minute surface, and minute surface is the tidemark of metal cutting process, and magnetic core has been continued to use this vocabulary, refers to that magnetic core surface obtains extraordinary roughness, and the clear inverted image of energy goes out the magnetic material surface of article image.When minute surface magnetic core is usually the surface of magnetic core respective surfaces roughness ＜ 0.8um, it is referred to as minute surface magnetic core, which kind of no matter by processing method process, always fine scraggly vestige is left at magnetic core finished surface, the staggered peak valley phenomenon risen and fallen occur, good minute surface combines the adhesion produced at 7N/cm2Above, this adhesion comes from the molecular attraction on both sides, minute surface junction, this is the technique upper limit of current minute surface magnetic core, and the existence of molecular attraction illustrates that little magnetic domain connects together, due to very little, with the presence of some magnetic fluxs, the magnetic domain that this part connects together will be saturated, and magnetic domain and air that saturated this part rear connects together are as broad as long, realizing this saturated winding current the least, the transformator of self-excitation push-pull type conversion is still operated in unsaturated state.Minute surface degree is the highest, and this gravitation is the biggest, but the methods such as grinding cannot strengthen this adhesion further, and its faying face yet suffers from air gap, is still scraggly vestige after amplification, the staggered peak valley phenomenon risen and fallen occurs, thus produces air gap.Therefore magnetic core can not enter saturation, and the magnetic domain on both sides, minute surface junction is still in respective duty.
The first concrete technical scheme of the present invention is: the faying face of magnetic flux process is minute surface, and magnetic core minute surface junction air gap magnetic liquid is filled up.Magnetic liquid is that nano magnetic particle is dispersed in carrier fluid the stable colloidal solutions formed, it it is a kind of functional material with magnet magnetic and liquid fluidity, minute surface junction air gap has been filled up with magnetic liquid, nanoscale magnetic material in magnetic liquid is connected to the magnetic domain of air gap both sides, select suitable magnetic liquid, so that the magnetic core after Zu He can easily realize magnetic saturation.
The method that the concrete technical scheme of the second of the present invention is taked: after the winding made loads onto magnetic core, be placed under the high temperature about magnetic core Curie temperature baking, until magnetic core minute surface adhesion is at 7N/cm2Above；The lifting of minute surface adhesion, is derived from the diffusion motion again (random motion) at high temperature of the molecule between two minute surfaces, and diffusion makes magnetic domain " grow " together, is finally equivalent to air gap and disappears.Thus realization Combined type magnetic core realizes the effect of whole magnetic core.
From the point of view of the atomic structure viewpoint of material, the interaction caused because of spin between the interior electronics of Magnet matter is strongly, and under this effect, ferromagnetics has been internally formed the spontaneous manetization region that some are small, is called magnetic domain.
It is placed at a temperature of more than magnetic core Curie temperature and toasts, it is exactly to allow the spontaneous manetization zones vanishes of magnetic domain, acceleration molecular diffusion motion more at high temperature, after cooling, magnetic core recovers its magnetic characteristic, but minute surface faying face has grown " together, thus realization Combined type magnetic core realizes the effect of whole magnetic core.
Form owing to employing more than two core combination, the windings section coiling of transformator is simple, coiling is loaded on magnetic core after completing, and after magnetic core uses High temperature diffusion or magnetic liquid to fill up process, same realization uses the performance of self-excited push-pull type transducer as magnet ring, compared with prior art, the present invention has a following significantly effect:
(1) transformer winding of the self-excited push-pull type transducer of the present invention is simple；
Forming owing to employing more than two core combination, the windings section coiling of transformator is simple, and coiling is loaded on magnetic core after completing；Or directly design winding on circuit boards, directly load onto magnetic core after processing circuit board, so transformer winding technique is simple, save man-hour；
(2) volume of transformer of the self-excited push-pull type transducer of the present invention is smaller；
After combined magnet core uses High temperature diffusion or magnetic liquid to fill up process, self-excited push-pull type transducer remains to realization and utilizes magnetic core saturated characteristic to carry out push-pull oscillator, and volume of transformer is little, and efficiency is high；
(3) good reliability of the self-excited push-pull type transducer of the present invention
For these reasons, self-excited push-pull type transducer remains to realization and utilizes magnetic core saturated characteristic to carry out push-pull oscillator, frequency stable, good reliability.
(4) efficiency promotes further
Compared with the self-excited push-pull type transducer using common magnet ring in prior art, efficiency can promote further.Combined magnet core uses magnetic liquid to fill up or after High temperature diffusion process, the good parameter of reasonable design, its minute surface junction can produce one " thin portion ", allow and magnetic core provides the zone of saturation recommending energizing signal be only present in " thin portion ", can improve the work efficiency of self-excited push-pull type transducer further, the relevant detailed operation principle of this part sees another part of inventor and applies for: " a kind of self-excited push-pull type transducer " of China's Application No. 201110436259.7.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the self-excited push-pull type transducer common application circuit of Royer circuit；
Fig. 2 is the self-excited push-pull type transducer common application circuit of Jensen circuit；
Fig. 3 is the oscillogram of the outfan of the Royer circuit winding Ns of Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 be Fig. 1 Royer circuit in the square hysteresis loop of transformator B1 magnetic core；
If the magnetic core that Fig. 5 is corresponding for Fig. 4 opens the hysteresis curve after the least air gap and original comparison diagram；
Fig. 6 is the magnet ring type magnetic core that existing self-excited push-pull type transducer uses；
Fig. 7 is the Combined type magnetic core that first, second, third embodiment transformator uses；
Fig. 8 be existing unsaturation formula self-excited push-pull type transducer when zero load, collector current oscillogram；
Fig. 9 be first embodiment under zero load, actual measurement recommend transistor collector current waveform；
Figure 10 is first embodiment under fully loaded, actual measurement recommend transistor collector current waveform；
Figure 11 is the Combined type magnetic core schematic diagram of the 4th embodiment house transformer；
Figure 12 is the Combined type magnetic core schematic diagram of the 4th embodiment another embodiment house transformer.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one
The schematic diagram of the self-excited push-pull type transducer of first embodiment uses Fig. 1 circuit, Fig. 7 is the Combined type magnetic core schematic diagram that first embodiment transformator B1 uses, use relatively conventional ER7.5 magnetic core, magnetic material derives from the TPW33 of TDG Holding Co., Ltd., outward appearance is as it is shown in fig. 7, six faces of 22 indications are minute surfaces.
As it is shown in figure 1, first embodiment makes 5V becomes the converter circuit of 5V output electric current 250mA, electric capacity C is 2.2uF, electric capacity C1 is 0.33uF, and resistance R1 is 1.8K Ω, and audion TR1 and TR2 is S8050 audion, transformator B1 all uses circuit board upward wiring to be formed, winding NP1And NP2It is respectively 4 circles, feeds back winding NB1And NB2It is respectively 1 circle, and exports winding NSBeing that 10 circle bands are centre tapped, and connect full-wave rectifying circuit on circuit board, the diode in full-wave rectifying circuit is BAV70, and filter capacitor is the SMD electric capacity of 1.5uF.
After the above-mentioned device of the self-excited push-pull type transducer of first embodiment welds, before buckling the magnetic core of Fig. 7 on circuit boards, on 3 minute surfaces of a magnetic core, drip appropriate magnetic liquid respectively, the model of magnetic liquid is the LD2020 of gold section, and its saturation flux density is at 200 Gauss.
Meanwhile, employ homemade magnetic liquid, use the magnetic material of high magnetic permeability, after sintering, grind into powder, and filter out the magnetic powder of below 500 mesh, it is mixed in mobility preferable speaker magnetic liquid LD2003, controls mixed volume, make the saturation flux density of mixed magnetic liquid in 2000 Gausses.
Note: mesh refers to the empty eye number on screen cloth per square inch, and it is 50 that 50 mesh refer to the eyelet on every square of English, and 500 mesh are exactly 500, and mesh number is the highest, and eyelet is the most.In addition to representing the eyelet of screen cloth, it is simultaneously used for representing the particle diameter of the particle that can pass through screen cloth, and mesh number is the highest, and particle diameter is the least.500 mesh of our country refer to particle diameter 25 microns.The magnet that particle diameter is 25 microns, the magnetic domain of the spontaneous manetization in fact caused by the interior electron spin of a lot of Magnet matter forms, and they can be separated into multiple magnetic domain by external force in magnetic liquid and reassemble into a big magnetic domain.
Beneficial effects of the present invention for convenience of explanation, here test three kinds of circuit and complete identical, three kinds of schemes that magnetic core assembly method is different: the first, prior art, in the middle of the ER7.5 magnetic core of Fig. 7, what does not the most add, in order to contrast conveniently, still identical with the prior art in first embodiment；The second, one of first embodiment uses saturation flux density to fill up minute surface junction at the magnetic liquid of 200 Gausses, and the third, two employing saturation flux densities of first embodiment fill up minute surface junction at the magnetic liquid of 2000 Gausses.
Test result sees table one.
The first, prior art, in the middle of the ER7.5 magnetic core of Fig. 7, what does not the most add.Agilent DSO-X is coordinated with the 1147A current probe of Agilent
3024A digital oscilloscope, the collector current under zero load of audion TR1 or TR2 in test Fig. 1, waveform according to electric current judges whether transformator saturation type self-excited push-pull type transducer, and method derives from page 65 the 5th paragraph in " power conversion technology " book mentioned above and " 1. observes collector current waveform with oscillograph ".The collector current under zero load of audion TR1 or TR2 in test Fig. 1, Fig. 8 shows the sectional drawing of prior art, and electric current rises does not has little point, illustrates that prior art is operated in unsaturation formula self-excitation and recommends down.
Fig. 9 shows the test result of the first scheme self-excited push-pull type transducer in first embodiment, there is little point in electric current, the method that " power conversion technology " page 65 the 5th paragraph " 1. with oscillograph observation collector current waveform " is introduced, institute's exemplary graph is consistent, there is little point, the 31 of Fig. 9 are exactly this little point.Illustration is at the upper figure (former book page 54) of former book Fig. 2-26 figure.The operating frequency of the first scheme of first embodiment is it can be seen in figure 9 that be 156.41KHz；Note: the electric current measured in Fig. 9 has negative current, as a example by audion TR1, this is when audion TR2 saturation conduction, the collector voltage of audion TR1 produces the voltage of supply voltage one times because of sensing, here it is 10V, the colelctor electrode of audion TR1 is charged by this voltage with the junction capacity of emitter stage, and when audion TR2 is converted to cut-off, audion TR1 is converted to saturation conduction, during this, the colelctor electrode of audion TR1 and the 10V voltage in the junction capacity of emitter stage are by Transformer Winding NP1Caused to power supply Vin (5V) electric discharge, this is normal phenomenon, there is also in the upper figure of " power conversion technology " page 54 Fig. 2-26 figure.
And when the self-excited push-pull type transducer of the first scheme of first embodiment is at full load, i.e. output 5V DC voltage, output electric current is 250mA, at this moment records the collector current of audion TR1 or TR2 as shown in Figure 10, as can be seen from Figure 10, " power conversion technology " given example is consistent, at figure below (former book page 54) of former book Fig. 2-26, its operating frequency is it can be seen from fig. 11 that be 149.20KHz, compared with zero load, change 4.8%.Fully achieve the object of the invention.
The third scheme of first embodiment, test result is all similar with Fig. 9, Figure 10, is operated in magnetic core saturation type self-excitation and recommends down, the most no longer sectional drawing explanation.Owing to operating frequency is reduced to 93.45KHz, have the advantage that the reduction of switching loss, so in table one, along with the magnetic flux density of the magnetic liquid used increases, operating frequency reduces, and the improved efficiency of self-excitation push-pull converter.Two embodiments in first embodiment achieve the object of the invention equally.
Embodiment two
The schematic diagram of the self-excited push-pull type transducer of the second embodiment uses Fig. 1 circuit, Fig. 7 is the Combined type magnetic core schematic diagram that the second embodiment transformator B1 uses, and uses relatively conventional ER7.5 magnetic core, and magnetic material is still above-mentioned TPW33, outward appearance is as it is shown in fig. 7, six faces of 22 indications are minute surfaces.
As it is shown in figure 1, the second embodiment makes 5V becomes the converter circuit of 5V output electric current 250mA, electric capacity C is 1uF, electric capacity C1 is 0.22uF, and resistance R1 is 1.5K Ω, and audion TR1 and TR2 is S8050 audion, transformator B1 all uses circuit board upward wiring to be formed, winding NP1And NP2It is respectively 4 circles, feeds back winding NB1And NB2It is respectively 1 circle, and exports winding NSBeing that 10 circle bands are centre tapped, and connect full-wave rectifying circuit on circuit board, the diode in full-wave rectifying circuit is BAV70, and filter capacitor is the SMD electric capacity of 2.2uF.
After transformator B1 has assembled, being placed under the high temperature about magnetic core Curie temperature baking, the Curie temperature of TPW33 magnetic material is about at 220 DEG C, in order to prevent circuit board from deforming, and device variation on circuit board, use the high temperature of 175 DEG C here.And magnetic core is clamped from the both sides up and down of Fig. 7, in order to magnetic domain spreading again at high temperature, transformator B1 is placed in the calorstat of 175 DEG C after 2 hours together with circuit board, in order to not destroy transformator B1, it is also placed in a pair magnetic core not having device, circuit board simultaneously, is used for contrasting use.The magnetic core minute surface adhesion of actual measurement contrast rises to 7N/cm2Left and right；Circuit is loaded after taking out cooling.
Transformator B1 is placed in the calorstat of 175 DEG C, and the time is the longest, and minute surface adhesion rises the most, but rises to 7N/cm2During left and right, further rising, institute's time spent is long, will consume too much electric energy, and cost performance is the highest, finally determines at 7N/cm through test of many times2During left and right, cost performance is higher, and after installation, using effect is preferable.
Beneficial effects of the present invention for convenience of explanation, tests two kinds of two kinds of schemes that circuit is identical, magnetic core assembly method is different here: the first, prior art, in the middle of the ER7.5 magnetic core of Fig. 7, what does not the most add；4th kind (in order to distinguish above-mentioned the second, the third), the i.e. second embodiment, use above-mentioned High temperature diffusion.
Test result sees table two.
The full load efficiency surveying the second embodiment self-excited push-pull type transducer is 75.6%, uses above-mentioned method of testing, the collector current under zero load of audion TR1 or TR2 in test Fig. 1.The test result of prior art sees Fig. 8, and electric current rises does not has little point, illustrates that prior art is operated in unsaturation formula self-excitation and recommends down, and the 4th kind, the i.e. second embodiment, test result is all similar with Fig. 9, Figure 10, and simply operating frequency is the highest.The most no longer sectional drawing explanation.
In this example, operating frequency is the most higher, this is because in this example, high-temperature temperature is compared relatively low with the Curie temperature of magnetic core, low 45 DEG C；On the other hand it is: utilizing circuit board trace to do flat surface transformer, the number of turn is less that, if the number of turn doubles, its operating frequency reduces, and conversion efficiency raises, the most this application shown in the 3rd embodiment.
Embodiment three
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the 3rd embodiment self-excited push-pull type transducer, and Fig. 7 is the Combined type magnetic core that the 3rd embodiment transformator B1 uses, and its coiling number of turn is different with installation method and the second embodiment.As shown in Figure 1,3rd embodiment is made 5V and is become the converter circuit of 5V output electric current 250mA, electric capacity C is 1uF, electric capacity C1 is 0.22uF, resistance R1 is 1.5K Ω, and audion TR1 and TR2 is FMMT491 audion, coiling on the skeleton that transformator B1 is supporting on ER7.5 magnetic core, use the high strength enamelled wire coiling of heatproof 180 DEG C, winding NP1And NP2It is respectively 8 circles, feeds back winding NB1And NB2It is respectively 2 circles, and exports winding NSBeing that 18 circle bands are centre tapped, and connect full-wave rectifying circuit, the diode in full-wave rectifying circuit is RB160, and filter capacitor is the SMD electric capacity of 2.2uF.
After transformator B1 has assembled, transformator B1 is placed under the high temperature about magnetic core Curie temperature baking, and the Curie temperature of TPW33 magnetic material is about at 220 DEG C, in order to prevent the framework deformation of transformator B1, and enamel-covered wire variation, use the high temperature of 200 DEG C here.And clamp Combined type magnetic core from both sides, in order to magnetic domain spreading again at high temperature, transformator B1 is placed in the calorstat of 200 DEG C after 1 hour, and magnetic core minute surface adhesion rises to 7N/cm2Left and right；Owing to temperature is high, the time can shorten, although just 1 hour, actual adhesion is more than the second embodiment.Circuit is loaded after taking out cooling.
Beneficial effects of the present invention for convenience of explanation, completes two kinds of schemes identical, that magnetic core assembly method is different where like testing two kinds of circuit: the first, prior art, in the middle of the ER7.5 magnetic core of Fig. 7, what does not the most add；5th kind (above-mentioned several in order to distinguish), the i.e. the 3rd embodiment, use the High temperature diffusion in above-described embodiment two.
Test result sees table three.
The first, prior art, in the middle of the ER7.5 magnetic core of Fig. 7, what does not the most add, use above-mentioned method of testing, the collector current under zero load of audion TR1 or TR2 in test Fig. 1, the test result of prior art sees Fig. 8, electric current rises does not has little point, illustrate that prior art is operated in unsaturation formula self-excitation and recommends down, and fifth version, the i.e. the 3rd embodiment, test result is all similar with Fig. 9, Figure 10, simply operating frequency is lower, is operated in magnetic core saturation type self-excitation and recommends down, the most no longer sectional drawing explanation.Owing to operating frequency reduces, in having the advantage that the unit interval, the number of times of switch reduces, total losses reduce equally, so in table two, along with the reasonable increase of the number of turn, using the high temperature closer to Curie temperature, operating frequency substantially reduces, and the improved efficiency of self-excitation push-pull converter is to 80.4%.Achieve the object of the invention.
Embodiment four
The schematic diagram of the self-excited push-pull type transducer of the 3rd embodiment uses Fig. 1 circuit, Figure 11 is the Combined type magnetic core schematic diagram that the 4th embodiment transformator B1 uses, relatively conventional ER7.5 magnetic core and an I type core combination is used to form, magnetic material derives from the TP4G of TDG Holding Co., Ltd., as shown in figure 11,4 faces of 22 indications are all minute surfaces to outward appearance.
The parameter of circuit, with the second embodiment, still utilizes circuit board trace to do flat surface transformer, owing to employing I type magnetic core so that the self-excited push-pull type transducer finally made more practicality, uses the temperature identical with embodiment two to carry out High temperature diffusion.
Its conversion efficiency is higher than the data in table two, and operating frequency is slightly above the data in table two.Using above-mentioned method of testing, in test Fig. 1, the collector current under zero load of audion TR1 or TR2, equally exists little point, it was demonstrated that circuit is operated in magnetic core saturation type self-excitation and recommends down, similar with Fig. 9, Figure 10, the most no longer sectional drawing explanation.4th embodiment achieves the object of the invention equally.
It is clear that I type magnetic core is changed into two panels, or other form that changes into of ER7.5, equally can achieve the object of the invention.Figure 12 shows that this application, I type magnetic core change two a little bit smaller I type magnetic cores into, and its downward face is minute surface, and this two panels can use different magnetic material, assembles by the direction of arrow in figure and following ER magnetic core, equally realizes the object of the invention.
Below being only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that above-mentioned preferred implementation is not construed as limitation of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with claim limited range.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a self-excited push-pull type transducer, including a push-pull transformer, it is characterized in that: the magnetic core of described push-pull transformer is that more than two core combination form, the faying face of magnetic flux process is minute surface, described minute surface junction air gap magnetic liquid is filled up, described magnetic liquid is that nano magnetic particle is dispersed in carrier fluid the stable colloidal solutions formed, and the particle diameter of described nano magnetic particle is below 500 mesh.
2. a self-excited push-pull type transducer, including a push-pull transformer, it is characterized in that: the magnetic core of described push-pull transformer is that more than two core combination form, the faying face of magnetic flux process is minute surface, described minute surface combines the adhesion produced at more than 4.3N/cm2, after the winding made loads onto described magnetic core, it is placed under the high temperature of more than described magnetic core Curie temperature baking, until described magnetic core minute surface adhesion is at more than 7N/cm2.
Self-excited push-pull type transducer the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the saturation flux density of described magnetic liquid is more than 180 Gausses.
Self-excited push-pull type transducer the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the saturation flux density of described magnetic liquid is more than 2000 Gausses.
Self-excited push-pull type transducer the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: on skeleton, wind described transformator, be then loaded on described magnetic core.
Self-excited push-pull type transducer the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: constitute coil with the Copper Foil cabling on circuit board, then load onto described magnetic core from described circuit board both sides.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310003053.4A CN103077806B (en) | 2013-01-04 | A kind of self-excited push-pull type transducer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310003053.4A CN103077806B (en) | 2013-01-04 | A kind of self-excited push-pull type transducer |
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| CN103077806A CN103077806A (en) | 2013-05-01 |
| CN103077806B true CN103077806B (en) | 2016-11-30 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5204653A (en) * | 1990-01-22 | 1993-04-20 | Tabuchi Electric Co., Ltd. | Electromagnetic induction device with magnetic particles between core segments |
| CN1619722A (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2005-05-25 | Tdk株式会社 | Transformer core, transformer, and method of production thereof |
| CN101651017A (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2010-02-17 | 郑州乾新电子有限公司 | Liquid-magnetism filled high-frequency transformer |
| CN201893232U (en) * | 2010-08-04 | 2011-07-06 | 湖北天瑞电子有限公司 | Open type current transformer |
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5204653A (en) * | 1990-01-22 | 1993-04-20 | Tabuchi Electric Co., Ltd. | Electromagnetic induction device with magnetic particles between core segments |
| CN1619722A (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2005-05-25 | Tdk株式会社 | Transformer core, transformer, and method of production thereof |
| CN101651017A (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2010-02-17 | 郑州乾新电子有限公司 | Liquid-magnetism filled high-frequency transformer |
| CN201893232U (en) * | 2010-08-04 | 2011-07-06 | 湖北天瑞电子有限公司 | Open type current transformer |
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