CN103077750B - Fusion reactor liquid tritium breeder cladding module for realizing remote replacement by using single layer guide tube - Google Patents
Fusion reactor liquid tritium breeder cladding module for realizing remote replacement by using single layer guide tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN103077750B CN103077750B CN201210593353.8A CN201210593353A CN103077750B CN 103077750 B CN103077750 B CN 103077750B CN 201210593353 A CN201210593353 A CN 201210593353A CN 103077750 B CN103077750 B CN 103077750B
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- layer guide
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- guide pipe
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fusion reactor liquid tritium breeder cladding module for realizing remote replacement by using a single layer guide tube. The fusion reactor liquid tritium breeder cladding module comprises a first wall, wherein parallel first wall helium gas flow channels are distributed in the first wall; the outlets of the first wall helium gas flow channels are communicated with a second-stage helium gas header; the front face of the first wall is provided with a reserved hole; the single layer guide tube passes through a U-shaped tritium breeding zone which is not blocked by any clapboard, and is arranged in the preserved hole in a way of being vertical to the front face of the first wall; the end face of one end of the single layer guide tube is flush with the back walls of the first wall helium gas flow channels; the other end of the single layer guide tube is fixed on an internal back plate; the pipe orifice of one end, which is far away from the preserved hole, of the single layer guide tube is provided with a sealing plate; the single layer guide tube comprises a single layer guide tube which is provided with a branch tube, and a single layer guide tube which is provided with a ventilation hole; and the branch tube and the ventilation hole are communicated with the second-stage helium gas header. The fusion reactor liquid tritium breeder cladding module has the advantages of safety, reliability, simple structure, easiness in processing and manufacturing, and the like, and can be applied to a nuclear fusion device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of fusion reactor liquid tritium multiplication agent cladding modular, specifically a kind of fusion reactor liquid tritium multiplication agent cladding modular utilizing individual layer guide pipe to realize long-range replacing.
Background technology
Fusion reactor blanket is the key energy converting member of the fusion energy resource application realizing high environmental suitability and low cost of electricity-generating.In fusion facility, its major function comprises and contains high temperature fusionplasma, propagation tritium, energy conversion and radiation shield.Covering correlation technique is that fusion energy is moved towards business and applied the core technology that must solve.At present, from the physical form of adopted tritium multiplication agent, fusion reactor blanket can be divided into two classes: solid-state tritium multiplication agent covering and liquid tritium multiplication agent covering.Liquid tritium multiplication agent covering is owing to having good geometric compliance, tritium multiplication capacity, heat conduction and heat-carrying capacity, can On-line testing tritium, can the advantages such as used up lithium be supplemented online and there is very large attractive force, obtain common concern and the further investigation in fusion reactor blanket field.
The design of fusion reactor blanket need consider the replacing of covering.Fusion reactor blanket is fixed on vacuum chamber inwall by the mechanical connecting device at covering back, the connection of covering pipeline is also positioned at the back of covering, in vacuum chamber, covering is changed if want, need the mechanical connecting device and the pipeline that disconnect or connect covering back.Owing to there is deuterium-tritium fusion reaction in vacuum chamber, there is very strong neutron irradiation, people directly can not enter vacuum chamber, so can only complete by remote operating system the replacing of internal vacuum chamber parts, but in order to meet shielding requirements, vacuum chamber inwall is covered completely by internal vacuum chamber parts (as covering, divertor etc.), causes remote operated vehicles cannot directly close to mechanical connecting device and pipe joint, and the replacing of covering becomes a gordian technique of fusion reactor blanket research and development.
At present, for the replacing of fusion reactor blanket mainly by regulating the position of vacuum vessel port, quantity and size, take out a row cladding modular to change to hot cell simultaneously, and then send the row cladding modular assembled to vacuum chamber installation, such as, open in multiple fan sections around fusion reactor device large horizontal window or vertically on window, dismounting simultaneously or install vacuum chamber and the internal part thereof in a fan section; Or open less upper window and larger middle window, cladding modular is from upper window and the turnover of middle window simultaneously; Or only open larger middle window, cladding modular therefrom window turnover.Its shortcoming is: (1) vacuum chamber external space is limited, and the feasibility opening enough large vertically upper window is very little; (2) horizontal window is too large, and neutron leakage problem is serious, is difficult to meet shielding requirements; (3) single job one row cladding modular, volume is large, quality weight, to peripheral operation and space requirement high; (4) if only need change for indivedual cladding modular, by above scheme, consuming time oversize, and the serviceable life of miscellaneous part can be affected.Obviously, seek and develop the technology that can complete the replacing of single cladding modular in vacuum chamber fusion energy research and apply is significant.
In order to the replacing of single cladding modular can be completed in vacuum chamber, in 2005, based on cutting long-range in pipeline, comparatively proven technique is basic with welding this for someone, propose and adopt remote operated vehicles to enter dual-cooled lithium lead blanket inside modules to realize the method for cladding modular replacing from pipe in concentric hollow tubes, its weak point is: (1) concentric hollow tubes inner structure is complicated, difficulty of processing is large, poor reliability; (2) concentric hollow tubes directly penetrates the first wall and tritium breeding blanket intraware, and cause the assembling of cladding modular very difficult, feasibility is low; (3) large by the layout difficulty of the helium runner in the first wall of penetrating and covering intraware structure, and easily cause local temperature too high, affect the safe reliability of cladding modular.
Summary of the invention
Instant invention overcomes deficiency of the prior art, provide that a kind of safe and reliable, structure is simple, the utilized individual layer guide pipe of easily processing and manufacturing realizes the fusion reactor liquid tritium multiplication agent cladding modular of long-range replacing.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of fusion reactor liquid tritium multiplication agent cladding modular utilizing individual layer guide pipe to realize long-range replacing, it comprises the first wall, the first parallel wall helium runner is covered with in first wall, first wall helium runner exit is communicated with second level helium header, the front of the first wall is provided with preformed hole, " U " shape tritium breeding blanket that individual layer guide pipe stops through non-inductive windings is arranged on preformed hole perpendicular to the front of the first wall, one end end face of individual layer guide pipe is concordant with the rear wall of the first wall helium runner, the other end of individual layer guide pipe is fixed on inner backboard, individual layer guide pipe is provided with seal pad away from one end mouth of pipe of preformed hole, individual layer guide pipe comprises the individual layer guide pipe of band arm and the individual layer guide pipe of band air hole, arm is communicated with second level helium header with air hole.
Described preformed hole penetrates the first wall, preformed hole and the first wall helium flow passage, and leaning on outside the first wall of preformed hole is provided with seal pad.
The concave surface of described " U " shape tritium breeding blanket is divided into by three pieces of radial dividing plates, the inside of radial dividing plate is provided with helium runner, the peripheral shape of " U " shape tritium breeding blanket is consistent with the profile of cladding modular, and the flow path of liquid tritium multiplication agent in " U " shape tritium breeding blanket is in " U " shape.
The present invention's beneficial effect is compared with prior art:
1. adopt band arm and band air hole two kinds of individual layer guide pipes, structure be simple, good reliability, easily processing and manufacturing.
2. the helium gas cooling scheme of individual layer guide pipe is more reasonable, directly in the first wall helium runner, shunt a part of helium enters individual layer guide pipe, flow to second level helium header, do not affect like this first wall helium runner parallel, be evenly distributed in the first wall, both improve the safe reliability of the first wall, greatly reduce again the processing and manufacturing difficulty of the first wall.
3. the radial dividing plate utilizing polylith inside to be provided with helium runner is separated out " U " shape tritium breeding blanket, individual layer guide pipe is directly through " U " shape tritium breeding blanket that non-inductive windings stops, both avoid individual layer guide pipe and penetrate tritium breeding blanket intraware, overcome again the shortcoming of cladding modular irregular contour, simplify cladding modular structure, greatly reduce the processing and manufacturing difficulty of cladding modular, also improve the safe reliability of cladding modular simultaneously.
4. individual layer guide pipe is single layer structure, and diameter is less, is conducive to the structural intergrity of maintenance first wall and improves the tritium proliferative amount of cladding modular.
5. the present invention has universality in the liquid tritium multiplication agent blanket design field of fusion reactor and fusion-fission hybrid reactor, and meanwhile, the individual layer guide pipe in the present invention may be used for fusion reactor solid-state tritium multiplication agent covering.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is right view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is front view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is A-A cut-open view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is B-B cut-open view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is C-C cut-open view of Fig. 2.
In figure: 1. the first wall; 2. upper cover plate; 3. lower cover; 4. backboard; 5. liquid tritium multiplication agent distributor box; 6. liquid tritium multiplication agent collector; 7. liquid tritium multiplication agent import mother pipe; 8. liquid tritium multiplication agent intake header road; 9. liquid tritium multiplication agent outlet header road; 10. the female pipe of liquid tritium multiplication agent outlet; 11. helium inlet pipelines; 12. helium outlet conduits; 13. helium import mother pipes; The female pipe of 14. helium outlet; 15. bolts; 16. square keys; 17. ring footpath dividing plates; 18. pole, footpath dividing plates; 19. " U " shape tritium breeding blanket; 20. cube tritium breeding blankets; 21. individual layer guide pipes; 22. circumpolar dividing plates; 23. arms; 24. air holes; 25. first wall helium runners; 26. preformed holes; 27. inner backboards; 28. seal pads; 29. first wall helium runner exits; 30. second level helium headers.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, first wall 1, upper cover plate 2, lower cover 3 and backboard 4 form box like structure, the top of backboard 4 is provided with liquid tritium multiplication agent distributor box 5 and liquid tritium multiplication agent collector 6, liquid tritium multiplication agent flows to liquid tritium multiplication agent intake header road 8 from the female pipe 7 of liquid tritium multiplication agent import, multiple branch road is divided into enter tritium breeding blanket after entering liquid tritium multiplication agent distributor box 5, then liquid tritium multiplication agent collector 6 is pooled to, flow to liquid tritium multiplication agent by liquid tritium multiplication agent outlet header road 9 and export female pipe 10, wherein the shape of tritium breeding blanket as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.The bottom of backboard 4 is provided with helium inlet pipeline 11 and helium outlet conduit 12, exports female pipe 14 be respectively connected with helium import mother's pipe 13 and helium.Backboard 4 is provided with four bolts 15 and four square keys 16, for the connection of cladding modular with fixing.In vacuum chamber, long-range replacing is carried out to cladding modular and need disconnect or connect bolt 15 on backboard 4 and liquid tritium multiplication agent intake header road 8, liquid tritium multiplication agent outlet header road 9, helium inlet pipeline 11, helium outlet conduit 12.The structured material of cladding modular is low activation steel, and liquid tritium multiplication agent is liquid lead lithium alloy or liquid lithium.
As shown in Figure 3, one piece of ring footpath dividing plate 17 and the orthogonal welding of pole, three pieces of footpaths dividing plate 18, be separated into " U " shape tritium breeding blanket 19 and two cube tritium breeding blankets 20 by the inner space of cladding modular.The inside configuration of ring footpath dividing plate 17 and pole, footpath dividing plate 18 is provided with helium runner." U " shape tritium breeding blanket 19 that individual layer guide pipe 21 stops through non-inductive windings, remote operated vehicles enters cladding modular inside by individual layer guide pipe 21 and disconnects or coupling bolt 15 and liquid tritium multiplication agent intake header road 8, liquid tritium multiplication agent outlet header road 9, helium inlet pipeline 11, helium outlet conduit 12.The concave surface of " U " shape tritium breeding blanket 19 is made up of three pieces of radial dividing plates, has helium runner in dividing plate, and the peripheral shape of " U " shape tritium breeding blanket 19 is consistent with the profile of cladding modular.The design of " U " shape tritium breeding blanket 19, both the shortcoming of cladding modular irregular contour had been overcome, simplify the structure of cladding modular, turn avoid individual layer guide pipe 21 and penetrate tritium breeding blanket intraware, greatly reduce the processing and manufacturing difficulty of cladding modular, also improve the safe reliability of cladding modular simultaneously.Liquid tritium multiplication agent flows to from the left side in " U " shape tritium breeding blanket 19, the right is flowed out, flow path is in " U " shape, extend the flow path of liquid tritium multiplication agent in tritium breeding blanket like this, be conducive to tritium propagation and Energy extraction, meanwhile, liquid tritium multiplication agent passes in and out from the same side of cladding modular, is conducive to the back space saving cladding modular.
As shown in Figure 4, each cube tritium breeding blanket 20 is separated into three little tritium breeding blankets by two pieces of circumpolar dividing plates 22, there are an import or an outlet in each little breeding blanket, liquid tritium multiplication agent flows to from the mouth of pipe topmost, turning round to ring footpath dividing plate 17 is divided into two branch roads upwards to flow, the flow path of this " one-in-and-two-out ", also extends the flow path of liquid tritium multiplication agent, is conducive to tritium propagation and Energy extraction.
As shown in Figure 5, the individual layer guide pipe 21 of band arm 23 and the individual layer guide pipe 21 of band air hole 24 is respectively for the operating walk way disconnected or connect liquid tritium multiplication agent intake header road 8 and bolt 15, individual layer guide pipe 21 with arm 23 is relative with liquid tritium multiplication agent intake header road 8 that is to be broken or that connect, and the individual layer guide pipe 21 of band air hole 24 is relative with bolt 15 that is to be broken or that connect.Individual layer guide pipe 21 is perpendicular to the first wall front, and one end is fixed on preformed hole 26, and end face is concordant with the rear wall of the first wall helium runner 25, and the other end is fixed on the inside backboard 27 of cladding modular, is wherein with the individual layer guide pipe 21 of arm 23 to fix by arm 23.Preformed hole 26 penetrates the front of the first wall 1, the first parallel wall helium runner 25 is evenly covered with in first wall 1, preformed hole 26 is communicated with the first wall helium runner 25, leaning on outside the first wall 1 of preformed hole 26 is provided with seal pad 28, the back side of seal pad 28 is concordant with the antetheca of the first wall helium runner 25, and the front of seal pad 28 is concordant with the antetheca in the first wall 1 front.Individual layer guide pipe 21 is provided with seal pad 28 away from one end mouth of pipe of preformed hole 26, position with the seal pad 28 on the individual layer guide pipe 21 of arm 23 is no more than the position of pipe joint that is to be broken or that connect, and the seal pad 28 on the individual layer guide pipe 21 of band air hole 24 does not contact with bolt 15.Arm 23 mouth of pipe, the air hole 24 of individual layer guide pipe 21 are communicated with second level helium header 30 with the first wall helium runner exit 29.A part of helium in first wall helium runner 25 enters individual layer guide pipe 21 by preformed hole 26, flow to second level helium header 30, so neither affect the layout of the first wall helium runner 25, reduce the layout difficulty of the first wall helium runner 25 and the processing and manufacturing difficulty of the first wall, the object of cooling individual layer guide pipe 21 and " U " shape tritium breeding blanket 19 can be reached again.
The installation of the individual layer guide pipe 21 that the installation of the individual layer guide pipe 21 of liquid tritium multiplication agent outlet header road 9, helium inlet pipeline 11 and helium outlet conduit 12 correspondence is corresponding with liquid tritium multiplication agent intake header road 8 is similar, the corresponding preformed hole 26 of each guide pipe 21.
The material of individual layer guide pipe 21 is low activation steel, and wall thickness is 3 ~ 10mm.The aperture of preformed hole 26 is 30 ~ 80mm.Fixedly have enough intensity in order to what make the individual layer guide pipe 21 of band arm 23, the quantity of the arm 23 that the individual layer guide pipe 21 of each band arm 23 is provided with is 1 ~ 4, and the external diameter of arm 23 is 10 ~ 50mm.Air hole 24 be evenly distributed on be positioned at second level helium header 30 pipeline on, the aperture of air hole 24 is 5 ~ 30mm, is spaced apart 2 ~ 5 times of apertures between holes.Compared to double-deck concentric hollow tubes, individual layer guide pipe 21 is single layer structures, and external diameter is less, the aperture of required preformed hole 26 is also less, be conducive to the structural intergrity of maintenance first wall 1, simultaneously individual layer individual layer guide pipe 21 take up space less, be conducive to tritium propagation.
The operation steps that liquid towards tritium multiplication agent cladding modular carries out long-range dismounting and installation in fusion reactor vacuum chamber mainly comprises: a, stop Plasma burning in vacuum chamber; B, remote operating system enter vacuum chamber; Liquid tritium multiplication agent in c, emptying cladding modular; D, the supply of stopping helium; E, the seal pad 28 cut on preformed hole 26; F, remote operated vehicles enter individual layer guide pipe 21, cut the seal pad 28 in individual layer guide pipe 21, disconnect pipeline 8,9,11,12 and bolt 15; G, cladding modular to be taken out; H, send into cladding modular to be installed; I, remote operated vehicles enter cladding modular individual layer guide pipe 21, and coupling bolt 15 and pipeline 8,9,11,12, be fixed on vacuum chamber inwall by cladding modular; J, remote operated vehicles exit individual layer guide pipe 21, the seal pad 28 of welding preformed hole 26; K, remote operating system is shifted out vacuum chamber; L, sealed vacuum room, fusion reactor device prepares to start normal work.
The part that the present invention does not elaborate belongs to techniques well known.
Although be described the illustrative embodiment of the present invention above; so that the technician of this technology neck understands the present invention; but should be clear; the invention is not restricted to the scope of embodiment; to those skilled in the art; as long as various change to limit and in the spirit and scope of the present invention determined, these changes are apparent, and all innovation and creation utilizing the present invention to conceive are all at the row of protection in appended claim.
Claims (3)
1. utilize individual layer guide pipe to realize the fusion reactor liquid tritium multiplication agent cladding modular of long-range replacing, it is characterized in that: it comprises the first wall (1), the first parallel wall helium runner (25) is covered with in first wall (1), first wall helium runner exit (29) is communicated with second level helium header (30), the front of the first wall (1) is provided with preformed hole (26), " U " shape tritium breeding blanket (19) that individual layer guide pipe (21) stops through non-inductive windings is arranged on preformed hole (26) perpendicular to the front of the first wall (1), one end end face of individual layer guide pipe (21) is concordant with the rear wall of the first wall helium runner (25), the other end of individual layer guide pipe (21) is fixed on inner backboard (27), individual layer guide pipe (21) is provided with seal pad (28) away from one end mouth of pipe of preformed hole (26), individual layer guide pipe (21) comprises the individual layer guide pipe (21) of band arm (23) and the individual layer guide pipe (21) of band air hole (24), arm (23) is communicated with second level helium header (30) with air hole (24).
2. the fusion reactor liquid tritium multiplication agent cladding modular utilizing individual layer guide pipe to realize long-range replacing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described preformed hole (26) penetrates the first wall (1), preformed hole (26) is communicated with the first wall helium runner (25), and leaning on outside the first wall of preformed hole (26) is provided with seal pad (28).
3. the fusion reactor liquid tritium multiplication agent cladding modular utilizing individual layer guide pipe to realize long-range replacing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concave surface of described " U " shape tritium breeding blanket (19) is divided into by three pieces of radial dividing plates, the inside of radial dividing plate is provided with helium runner, the peripheral shape of " U " shape tritium breeding blanket (19) is consistent with the profile of cladding modular, and the flow path of liquid tritium multiplication agent in " U " shape tritium breeding blanket (19) is in " U " shape.
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| CN201210593353.8A CN103077750B (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2012-12-31 | Fusion reactor liquid tritium breeder cladding module for realizing remote replacement by using single layer guide tube |
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| CN201210593353.8A CN103077750B (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2012-12-31 | Fusion reactor liquid tritium breeder cladding module for realizing remote replacement by using single layer guide tube |
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| CN104751901B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2017-04-26 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Method for establishing liquid curved membrane flow system of fusion reactor divertor flow stability |
| CN103903652B (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2016-05-04 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of little module tritium propagation cladding systems |
| CN104021818B (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2017-02-01 | 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所 | Multifunctional back plate used for installing and cooling future fusion reactor breeding cladding |
| CN104134476B (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2017-01-25 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | Subcritical blanket refuelling system and refuelling method thereof |
| CN104409108B (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2017-01-18 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Dual-layer-flow liquid first wall cladding applicable to magnetic confinement fusion reactor |
| CN105761762A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-07-13 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Novel test blanket testing device for tritium breeding and heat rejection |
| CN104616703B (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2018-03-20 | 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所 | A kind of Flibe fused salt cladding structures for fusion reactor |
| CN107945886B (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2020-04-14 | 扬州大学 | Cladding structure for fusion reactor |
| CN111370144A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2020-07-03 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Cooling system and cooling method for tritium breeder experiment cladding module |
| CN113593727B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2024-02-09 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Supercritical carbon dioxide liquid lithium lead double-cold cladding |
| CN115424742B (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2023-03-28 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Integral shielding cladding unit and shielding cladding used for fusion reactor |
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