CN103076006A - Intensity correlation complex value target imaging device - Google Patents

Abstract

An intensity correlation complex value target imaging device comprises a thermal light source, a first dispersion prism, an area detector, a second dispersion prism, a to-be-detected complex value target, a first reflecting mirror, a second reflecting mirror, a phase delay slide, a third dispersion prism, a first barrel detector, a second barrel detector and a computer. According to the invention, direct real space imaging of a complex value target of any phase distribution can be realized, and the amplitude and phase distribution information of the complex value target can be simultaneously obtained.

Description

Intensity correlation complex value target imaging device

Technical field

The invention belongs to optical imaging field, specifically a kind of intensity correlation complex value target imaging device.

Background technology

The Image Acquisition of existing complex value target can realize by direct imaging and indirect imaging dual mode.

The cardinal principle of direct imaging is to introduce with reference to optical interference circuit in the imaging system of coherent light illumination, utilize the accurate location of two area array CCD detectors of receiving end locus to carry out difference detecting, thereby can directly obtain amplitude information and the phase information of target.The method is interfered the intrinsic item owing to adopt difference detecting to eliminate, and the complex value target image that therefore obtains has preferably contrast.Yet there is certain limitation in actual applications in this imaging mode.At first, this imaging mode need to have good coherent source and image-forming component, this point causes this imaging mode to be difficult to be generalized to all band, just be difficult to carry out because be difficult to obtain coherent source such as the imaging of X ray wave band, and the image-forming component such as lens in the imaging system is not because have suitable image-forming component and difficult at the X ray wave band yet; Secondly, this imaging mode needs high-resolution large area array CCD detector, and present long wave band CCD camera technique and manufacturing technology are difficult to tackling key problem and cost is expensive, state-of-the-art technical merit also can only be accomplished 256 * 256 infrared CCD in the world now, and China can only accomplish 16 * 16 infrared CCD at present, want to reach the camera-enabled of similar visible light wave range, still have huge difficulty; Again, this imaging mode requires the locus of two area array CCD detectors of receiving end to have strict symmetry, also requires simultaneously these two area array CCD detectors to be accurate to pixel to the difference detecting of pixel; In addition, whole imaging system belongs to a phase sensitive measurement, and this imaging mode antijamming capability is relatively poor.

Indirectly imaging mode mainly is to utilize coherent light (normally plane wave) irradiation complex value target, utilizes the specifying information that goes out object after the diffraction spectra of area array CCD detector record object by Phase Restoration algorithm Inversion Calculation.Usually, light channel structure was fairly simple when indirectly imaging mode obtained the diffraction spectra of target, for net amplitude target, pure phase position target and better simply complex value target can by sample bits mutually recovery algorithms reconstruct easily target image.Yet, for the comparatively complicated complex value target of structure, often be difficult to reconstruct the complex value target image by the Phase Restoration algorithm.In addition, because this imaging mode also needs coherent source well, so that this imaging mode also is difficult to be generalized to all band.

Summary of the invention

Problem for above-mentioned target imaging exists the invention provides a kind of intensity correlation complex value target imaging device, and this device can obtain amplitude information and the PHASE DISTRIBUTION information of complex value target simultaneously.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

A kind of intensity correlation complex value target imaging device, characteristics are that its formation comprises thermal light source, the working direction of the light beam that sends along this thermal light source is provided with the first Amici prism, this first Amici prism is divided into transmitted light beam and folded light beam with incident beam, this folded light beam is reference path, surface detector with high-space resolution ability is set on this light path, and the output terminal of this surface detector links to each other with the input end of computing machine; Described transmitted light beam direction is the thing light path, the second Amici prism along this thing light path, this second Amici prism is divided into again the second transmitted light beam and the second folded light beam with described transmitted light beam, this second folded light beam is through the second catoptron, phase delay chip enters the 3rd Amici prism, described the second transmitted light beam is through complex value target to be measured, the first catoptron enters the 3rd Amici prism, and see through afterwards the 3rd Amici prism in the light splitting surface place of the 3rd Amici prism and the overlapping interference of described the second transmitted light beam and surveyed by first barrel of detector and second barrel of detector respectively, the output terminal of the output terminal of described first barrel of detector and second barrel of detector links to each other with the input end of described computing machine, described the second Amici prism, complex value target to be measured, the first catoptron, the second catoptron, phase delay chip and the 3rd Amici prism constituent arm interferometer, following relationship is satisfied in the position between this each element of thing arm interferometer:

z ₁+z ₂+z ₃＝z ₄+z ₅

Wherein: z ₁Represent that the second Amici prism is to the distance of complex value target to be measured;

z ₂Represent that complex value target to be measured is to the distance of the first catoptron;

z ₃The distance that represents the first catoptron to the three Amici prisms;

z ₄Represent that the second Amici prism is to the distance of the second catoptron;

z ₅The distance that represents the second catoptron to the three Amici prisms;

Distance (the z of the test surface of described surface detector to the face that is detected of the centre distance z of thermal light source and complex value target to be measured to the thermal light source center ₀+ z ₁) satisfy following relationship:

$\left|\frac{z(z_0+z_1)}{z_0+z_1-z}\right|>\frac{2D^2}{\mathrm{\λ}}$

Wherein: z ₀Be that the second Amici prism is to the centre distance of thermal light source, D is the trans D size of thermal light source, λ is the wavelength of thermal light source, and described thermal light source, described surface detector, first barrel of detector and second barrel of detector trigger the control synchronous working synchronously by a synchronous generator simultaneously;

Described first barrel of detector and second barrel of detector can receive by all photons after described the 3rd Amici prism light splitting.

The course of work of apparatus of the present invention is as follows:

Described thermal light source, reference path surface detector and first barrel of detector and second barrel of detector trigger the control synchronous working synchronously by a synchronous generator simultaneously.

(1), the light beam that sends of thermal light source is divided into two bundles behind the first Amici prism, the folded light beam Free propagation arrives the surface detector with high-space resolution ability, receives and record time dependent light distribution information by this surface detector.

(2), after described transmitted light beam enters thing arm interferometer, at first be divided into the second transmitted light beam and the second folded light beam by the second Amici prism, the second transmitted light beam arrives the 3rd Amici prism by complex value target to be measured by the first mirror reflects, the second folded light beam is successively by arriving the 3rd Amici prism behind the second catoptron and the phase delay chip, two-beam overlaps at the light splitting surface place of the 3rd Amici prism interferes.

(3), receive respectively and record the two beam interferometer intensity signals that thing arm interferometer produces by described first barrel of detector and second barrel of detector.

(4), with the light distribution information storage of the intensity signal in time of first barrel of detector and second barrel of detector record and the corresponding constantly record of surface detector in computing machine.

(5), computing machine carries out the intensity correlation computing to the intensity signal of first barrel of detector and second barrel of detector record and the light distribution information of described surface detector record respectively, this intensity correlation operation result of twice is done the simple crosscorrelation strength distributing information that subtraction just can obtain thing light path and reference path, be the real space image of complex value target to be measured.

The method that described computing machine carries out the intensity correlation computing is:

Light intensity value with diverse location place on the light intensity value of described first barrel of detector of a certain moment and second barrel of detector record and the described surface detector carries out related operation respectively, obtain the related distribution of two combined strength binations of thing light path and reference path, the related distribution of the combined strength bination that again difference is obtained constantly carried out statistical average, then related distribution of these two combined strength binations after the statistical average done corresponding subtraction, just can obtain the simple crosscorrelation strength distributing information of thing light path and reference path.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has following technique effect:

1, can directly carry out imaging to baroque complex value target, extract simultaneously amplitude transmission information and the PHASE DISTRIBUTION information of complex value target.

2, utilize the noncoherent thermal light source in space can directly obtain the real space image of complex value target by the mode of intensity correlation imaging, this imaging scheme is convenient to be generalized to the wave band that other are difficult to obtain coherent source, such as x-ray imaging.

3, because the thing light path only needs single pixel bucket detector detection of a target information to get final product, need not the area array CCD detection, thereby can be used for the long-wave band imaging without camera.

4, the locus of two bucket detectors behind the 3rd Amici prism of thing arm interferometer can arbitrarily be put in the thing light path, even can exist between the detector serious position to disturb mutually at the 3rd Amici prism and bucket, need not to require in traditional direct imaging scheme that detector is equidistant to the rear end Amici prism, pixel is corresponding and the stringent condition such as disturb mutually without the position, thereby have stronger antijamming capability so that target receives to survey.

5, do not have the lens imaging element in the whole imaging device, be convenient to scheme and be generalized to other without the wave band of image-forming component.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of intensity correlation complex value target imaging device of the present invention.

Among the figure: the 1st, thermal light source, 2 is first Amici prisms, the 3rd, and surface detector, 4 is second Amici prisms, the 5th, complex value target to be measured, 6 is first catoptrons, 7 second catoptrons, the 8th, λ/4 phase delay slides, 9 is the 3rd Amici prisms, 10 is first barrel of detector, and 11 is second barrel of detector, the 12nd, and computing machine.

Embodiment

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of intensity correlation complex value target imaging device of the present invention.As seen from the figure, the working direction of the light beam that intensity correlation complex value target imaging device of the present invention, this device comprise thermal light source 1, send along this thermal light source is provided with the first Amici prism 2, and this first Amici prism 2 is divided into transmitted light beam and folded light beam with light beam.Reflection direction at this first Amici prism 2 is reference path, and the surface detector 3 with high-space resolution ability is set on this light path.Transmission direction at described Amici prism 2 is the thing light path, this thing light path is the second Amici prism 4 along this thing light path, this second Amici prism 4 is divided into again the second transmitted light beam and the second folded light beam with described transmitted light beam, this second folded light beam is through the second catoptron 7, phase delay chip 8 enters the 3rd Amici prism 9, described the second transmitted light beam is through complex value target 5 to be measured, the first catoptron 6 enters the 3rd Amici prism 9, and behind the light splitting surface place and the overlapping interference of described the second transmitted light beam of the 3rd Amici prism 9, seeing through the 3rd Amici prism 9 is surveyed by first barrel of detector 10 and second barrel of detector 11 respectively, the output terminal of the output terminal of described first barrel of detector 10 and second barrel of detector 11 links to each other with the input end of described computing machine 12, described the second Amici prism 4, complex value target 5 to be measured, the first catoptron 6, the second catoptron 7, phase delay chip 8 and the 3rd Amici prism 9 constituent arm interferometers, described surface detector 3 be connected barrel detector 10 be connected the output terminal of barrel detector 11 and connect simultaneously and have the computing machine 12 that gathers the light distribution information data and carry out the intensity correlation computing.Following relationship is satisfied in position between this each element of thing arm interferometer:

z ₁+z ₂+z ₃=z ₄+z ₅ （1）

Wherein: z ₁Represent that the second Amici prism 4 is to the distance of complex value target 5 to be measured;

z ₂The distance that represents complex value target 5 to first catoptrons 6 to be measured;

z ₃The distance that represents the first catoptron 6 to the 3rd Amici prisms 9;

z ₄The distance that represents the second Amici prism 4 to second catoptrons 7;

z ₅The distance that represents the second catoptron 7 to the 3rd Amici prisms 9;

Distance (the z of the test surface of described surface detector 3 to the face that is detected of the centre distance z of thermal light source 1 and complex value target 5 to be measured to thermal light source 1 center ₀+ z ₁) satisfy following relationship:

$\left|\frac{z(z_0+z_1)}{z_0+z_1-z}\right|>\frac{2D^2}{\mathrm{\λ}}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein: z ₀Be that the second Amici prism 4 is to the centre distance of thermal light source 1, D is the trans D size of thermal light source 1, λ is the wavelength of thermal light source, and described thermal light source 1, described surface detector 3, first barrel of detector 10 and second barrel of detector 11 trigger the control synchronous working synchronously by a synchronous generator simultaneously;

The distance of 9 to two first barrel of detectors 10 of the 3rd Amici prism and second barrel of detector 11 can be unequal in the described thing light path (between them can presence bit disturb mutually), but first barrel of detector 10 and second barrel of detector 11 must receive all photons after 9 light splitting of the 3rd Amici prism.

The course of work of apparatus of the present invention is as follows:

First barrel of detector 10 and second barrel of detector 11 of described thermal light source 1, reference path surface detector 3 and thing light path trigger the control synchronous working synchronously by a synchronous generator simultaneously:

(1), the light beam that sends of thermal light source 1 is divided into two bundles behind the first Amici prism 2, the folded light beam Free propagation arrives the surface detector 3 with high-space resolution ability, receives and record time dependent light distribution information I by surface detector 3 _r(x _r, t);

(2), after transmitted light beam enters thing arm interferometer, at first be divided into the second transmission and the second reflection two-beam by the second Amici prism 4, the second transmitted light beam arrives the three or three Amici prism 9 by complex value target 5 to be measured by 6 reflections of the first catoptron, the second folded light beam is successively by the second catoptron 7 and phase delay chip 8 rear arrival the three or three Amici prisms 9, and two-beam overlaps at the light splitting surface place of the 3rd Amici prism interferes.

(3), the two-way light field E in thing arm interferometer ₁And E ₂Overlap interference at symmetrical 50:50 the 3rd Amici prism 9 places and produce the different light field (E of two-way ₁+ E ₂) and (E ₁-E ₂), receive respectively and record the two beam interferometer intensity signals that thing arm interferometer produces by first barrel of detector 10 and second barrel of detector 11 of described thing light path.This two-way light is surveyed the time dependent intensity signal I of record by first barrel of detector 10 and second barrel of detector 11 ₁(x _t, t)=∫ dx _t| E ₁+ E ₂| ²And I ₂(x _t, t)=∫ dx _t| E ₁-E ₂| ²(4)

(4), with the light distribution information storage of the intensity signal in time of first barrel of detector 10 and second barrel of detector, 11 records and reference path surface detector 3 corresponding constantly records in computing machine 12.

(5), computing machine 12 carries out the intensity correlation computing to the intensity signal of first barrel of detector 10 and second barrel of detector 11 record and the light distribution information of reference path surface detector record respectively, this intensity correlation operation result of twice is done the simple crosscorrelation strength distributing information that subtraction just can obtain thing light path and reference path again, be the real space image of complex value target 5 to be measured.

Described computing machine 12 carries out the intensity correlation calculating process and is:

With first barrel of detector 10 of thing light path and second barrel of detector 11 all light intensity value (I constantly ₁(x _t, t) or I ₂(x _t, t)) and surface detector 3 diverse location x _rThe light intensity value I at place _r(x _r, t) carry out as follows the intensity correlation computing:

${G_i}^{\left(\mathrm{2,2}\right)}\left(x_r\right)=\frac{\⟨I_r(x_r,t)I_i(x_t,t)\⟩}{\⟨I_r(x_r,t)\⟩\⟨I_i(x_t,t)\⟩},i=\mathrm{1,2}---\left(5\right)$

Then to above-mentioned two G _i ^(2,2)(x _r, x _t), i=1,2 values are done corresponding subtraction, that is:

G ^(2,2)(x _r)=G ₁ ^(2,2)(x _r)-G ₂ ^(2,2)(x _r) （6）

Following formula is the simple crosscorrelation strength distributing information of thing light path and reference path, and this distributed intelligence is exactly the real space image of complex value target to be measured.

The physical principle that intensity correlation complex value target imaging device can be realized is described below:

According to the principle (seeing: J.Cheng and S.Han, Phys.Rev.Lett.92,093903,2004) of the non-local quantum imaging of Classical thermal light field, the simple crosscorrelation intensity distribution function shown in the formula (6) turns to:

$G^{\left(\mathrm{2,2}\right)}\left(x_r\right)=\frac{\⟨I_r(x_r,t)I_1(x_t,t)\⟩}{\⟨I_r(x_r,t)\⟩\⟨I_1(x_t,t)\⟩}-\frac{\⟨I_r(x_r,t)I_2(x_t,t)\⟩}{\⟨I_r(x_r,t)\⟩\⟨I_2(x_t,t)\⟩}$

$=\frac{\⟨\mathrm{\Δ}{I}_r(x_r,t)\mathrm{\Δ}{I}_1(x_t,t)\⟩}{\⟨I_r(x_r,t)\⟩\⟨I_1(x_t,t)\⟩}-\frac{\⟨\mathrm{\Δ}{I}_r(x_r,t)\mathrm{\Δ}{I}_2(x_t,t)\⟩}{\⟨I_r(x_r,t)\⟩\⟨I_2(x_t,t)\⟩}---\left(7\right)$

Wherein:

$\⟨{\mathrm{\ΔI}}_r(x_r,t){\mathrm{\ΔI}}_1(x_t,t)\⟩={\∫\mathrm{dx}}_t{|\⟨E_r^{*}(E_1+E_2)\⟩|}^2={\∫\mathrm{dx}}_t{|\⟨E_r^{*}{E}_1\⟩+\⟨E_r^{*}{E}_2\⟩|}^2---\left(8\right)$

$\⟨\mathrm{\Δ}{I}_r(x_r,t)\mathrm{\Δ}{I}_2(x_t,t)\⟩=\∫d{x}_t|\⟨E_r^{*}{(E_1-E_2)\⟩|}^2=\∫d{x}_t|\⟨E_r^{*}{E}_1\⟩-{\⟨E_r^{*}{E}_2\⟩|}^2---\left(9\right)$

(8)-(9) formula substitutions (7) can be got:

$G^{\left(\mathrm{2,2}\right)}\left(x_r\right)\∝\∫d{x}_t\⟨E_r^{*}{E}_1\⟩\⟨E_2^{*}{E}_r\⟩+c.c---\left(10\right)$

Had by Huygens-Frensel principle:

$\⟨E_r^{*}{E}_i\⟩=\∫d{x}_{0}d{x}_0^{\′}{G}^{\left(\mathrm{1,1}\right)}(x_0,x_0^{\′})h_r^{*}(x_r,x_0^{\′})h_i(x_t,x_0),i=\mathrm{1,2}---\left(11\right)$

Under intensity correlation complex value target imaging device shown in Figure 1, the impulse response function that contains target one tunnel to be measured in the thing arm interferometer is:

$h_1(x_t,x_0)\∝\exp \left\{\mathrm{jk}(z_0+z_1+z_2+z_3)\right\}$

$\×\∫{\mathrm{dx}}^{\′}t\left(x^{\′}\right)\exp \left\{\frac{\mathrm{jk}{(x^{\′}-x_0)}^2}{2(z_0+z_1)}\right\}\exp \left\{\frac{\mathrm{jk}}{2(z_2+z_3)}{(x_t-x^{\′})}^2\right\}---\left(12\right)$

The impulse response function that contains phase delay slide one tunnel in the thing arm interferometer is:

$h_2(x_t,x_0)\∝\exp \left(j{\mathrm{\φ}}_0\right)\exp \left\{\mathrm{jk}(z_0+z_4+z_5)\right\}\exp \left\{\frac{\mathrm{jk}{(x_t-x_0)}^2}{2(z_0+z_4+z_5)}\right\}---\left(13\right)$

Wherein: z ₀The distance of expression thermal light source 1 to second Amici prism 4, φ ₀The bit phase delay that causes for the phase delay slide.

The reference path impulse response function is:

$h_r(x_r,x_0)\∝\exp \left\{\mathrm{jkz}\right\}\exp \left\{\frac{\mathrm{jk}{(x_r-x_0)}^2}{2z}\right\}---\left(14\right)$

Wherein: z represents that the test surface of reference path surface detector 3 is to the centre distance of thermal light source 1.

Have for thermal light source:

G ^(1，1)(x ₀,x′ ₀)=G ₀δ(x ₀-x′ ₀) （15）

In formula (11)-(15) substitution formula (10), under the condition that satisfies relational expression (4) (being Fraunhofer approximation), have:

$G^{\left(\mathrm{2,2}\right)}\left(x_r\right)\∝\∫d{x}_t\exp \left\{\mathrm{jk}(z_1+z_2+z_3-z_4-z_5)\right\}t\left(\frac{z_0+z_1}{z}{x}_r\right)$

$\×\exp \left\{j{\mathrm{\φ}}_0\right\}\exp \left\{\frac{\mathrm{jk}}{2(z_2+z_3)}{(z_t-\frac{z_0+z_1}{z}{z}_r)}^2\right\}---\left(16\right)$

$\×\exp \left\{\frac{\mathrm{jk}}{2}\right[\frac{z_0+z_1-z}{z^2}{x}_r^2+\frac{{(x_r-x_t)}^2}{z-z_0-z_4-z_5}\left]\right\}+c.c.$

Because thing arm interferometer is aplanatism optical interference circuit (namely satisfying relational expression (3)) and at z=z ₀+ z ₁Situation under (16) formula can abbreviation be:

G ^(2，2)(x _r)∝[t(x _r)exp{jφ ₀}+t ^*(x _r)exp{-jφ ₀}| （17）

If the phase shifts of phase delay slide is 0 in the thing arm interferometer, then formula (17) can further be reduced to:

G ^(2，2)(x _r)∝|t(x _r)+t ^*(x _r)|=2|t(x _r)|cos[φ(x _r)] （18）

Following formula has been expressed the real part information of complex value target to be measured.

If the phase shifts of phase delay slide is that λ/4(is in the thing arm interferometer ) time, then formula (17) can further be reduced to:

G ^(2，2)(x _r)∝-j[t(x _r)-t ^*(x _r)|=2|t(x _r)|sin[φ(x _r)] （19）

Following formula has been expressed the imaginary part information of complex value target to be measured.Therefore, just can obtain amplitude information and the PHASE DISTRIBUTION information of complex value target to be measured according to formula (18) and (19).

For the intensity correlation imaging, first barrel of detector 10 recited above and second barrel of detector 11 only are used for the strength information after the interference of collection interferometer, even therefore first barrel of detector 10 and second barrel of detector 11 also can not affect the image quality of complex value target to the distance of thing arm interferometer rear end the 3rd Amici prism 9 unequal (even can have phase interference between them).In order to verify above-mentioned this conclusion, we can suppose between the 3rd Amici prism 9 and the bucket detector 10 and have serious phase interference (available normalized function h ^t(x _t, x) expression, i.e. ∫ dx _th ^t(x _t, x) [h ^t(x _t, x)] ^*=δ (x-x ')), this moment I ₁(x _t, t)=∫ dx _t| ∫ dxh ^t(x _t, x) [E ₁(x)+E ₂(x)] | ², in this situation substitution formula (8), have:

$\⟨\mathrm{\Δ}{I}_r(x_r,t)\mathrm{\Δ}{I}_1(x_t,t)\⟩=\∫d{x}_t|\⟨E_r^{*}\∫\mathrm{dx}{h}^t(x_t,x)[E_1\left(x\right)+E_2{\left(x\right)]\⟩|}^2$

$=\∫{\mathrm{dx}}_t{\mathrm{dxdx}}^{\′}{h}^t(x_t,x){\left[h^t(x_t,x^{\′})\right]}^{*}\⟨E_r^{*}[E_1\left(x\right)+E_2\left(x\right)]\⟩\⟨E_r{[E_1\left(x^{\′}\right)+E_2\left(x^{\′}\right)]}^{*}\⟩$

$=\∫\mathrm{dx}\⟨E_r^{*}[E_1\left(x\right)+E_2\left(x\right)]\⟩\⟨E_r{[E_1\left(x\right)+E_2\left(x\right)]}^{*}\⟩$

$=\mathrm{dx}{|\⟨E_r^{*}(E_1\left(x\right)+E_2\left(x\right))\⟩|}^2---\left(20\right)$

By formula (20) as seen, even have serious phase interference between the 3rd Amici prism 9 and first barrel of detector 10, the formula (8) of its result when noiseless is the same, therefore rear its result still is that formula (18) and (19) are described as calculated, and this has just illustrated that also we have stronger antijamming capability by described intensity correlation complex value target imaging device.

Claims (1)

1. intensity correlation complex value target imaging device, be characterised in that its formation comprises thermal light source (1), the working direction of the light beam that sends along this thermal light source (1) is provided with the first Amici prism (2), this first Amici prism (2) is divided into transmitted light beam and folded light beam with incident beam, this folded light beam is reference path, surface detector (3) with high-space resolution ability is set on this light path, and the output terminal of this surface detector (3) links to each other with the input end of computing machine (12); Described transmitted light beam direction is the thing light path, the second Amici prism (4) along this thing light path, this second Amici prism (4) is divided into again the second transmitted light beam and the second folded light beam with described transmitted light beam, this second folded light beam is through the second catoptron (7), phase delay chip (8) enters the 3rd Amici prism (9), described the second transmitted light beam is through complex value target to be measured (5), the first catoptron (6) enters the 3rd Amici prism (9), and see through afterwards the 3rd Amici prism (9) respectively by first barrel of detector (10) and second barrel of detector (11) detection at the light splitting surface place of the 3rd Amici prism (9) and the overlapping interference of described the second transmitted light beam, the output terminal of the output terminal of described first barrel of detector (10) and second barrel of detector (11) links to each other with the input end of described computing machine (12), described the second Amici prism (4), complex value target to be measured (5), the first catoptron (6), the second catoptron (7), phase delay chip (8) and the 3rd Amici prism (9) constituent arm interferometer, following relationship is satisfied in the position between this each element of thing arm interferometer:

z ₁+z ₂+z ₃＝z ₄+z ₅

Wherein: z ₁Represent that the second Amici prism (4) is to the distance of complex value target to be measured (5);

z ₂Represent that complex value target to be measured (5) is to the distance of the first catoptron (6);

z ₃Represent that the first catoptron (6) is to the distance of the 3rd Amici prism (9);

z ₄Represent that the second Amici prism (4) is to the distance of the second catoptron (7);

z ₅Represent that the second catoptron (7) is to the distance of the 3rd Amici prism (9);

Distance (the z of the test surface of described surface detector (3) to the face that is detected of the centre distance z of thermal light source (1) and complex value target to be measured (5) to thermal light source (1) center ₀+ z ₁) satisfy following relationship:

$\left|\frac{z(z_0+z_1)}{z_0+z_1-z}\right|>\frac{2D^2}{\mathrm{\λ}}$

Wherein: z ₀Be that the second Amici prism (4) is to the centre distance of thermal light source (1), D is the trans D size of thermal light source (1), λ is the wavelength of thermal light source, and described thermal light source (1), described surface detector (3), first barrel of detector (10) and second barrel of detector (11) trigger the control synchronous working synchronously by a synchronous generator simultaneously;

Described first barrel of detector (10) and second barrel of detector (11) can receive by all photons after described the 3rd Amici prism (9) light splitting.

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