CN103075264A - Direct-injection compression-ignition engine - Google Patents
Direct-injection compression-ignition engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN103075264A CN103075264A CN2012105951837A CN201210595183A CN103075264A CN 103075264 A CN103075264 A CN 103075264A CN 2012105951837 A CN2012105951837 A CN 2012105951837A CN 201210595183 A CN201210595183 A CN 201210595183A CN 103075264 A CN103075264 A CN 103075264A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a direct-injection compression-ignition engine. When a suction stroke begins, fuels are injected for the first time by an oil injector (7), a homogeneous mixed gas with an air-fuel ratio between 13.9 and 16.3 is formed in a cylinder, a signal sent by a sensor (8) is received by a controller (9), a control signal is output to control the oil injector (7), and the homogeneous mixed gas is compressed by a piston mechanism under the control of the oil injector (7) so as to enable the mixed gas to lie in a spontaneous ignition zone approaching a spontaneous ignition state; the fuels are injected for a second time by the oil injector (7) before compression to a BTDC (Before Top Dead Center), layering mixed gas is generated under the assistance of the rolling current of the cylinder and the top shape of the piston, and compression ignition is simultaneously carried out; the compression ignition results in the rapid rise of a temperature and a pressure, the fuels injected for the first time in a position close to the spontaneous ignition zone are driven to be in the spontaneous ignition state, and homogeneous inflation compression ignition is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to combustion powered technical field, a kind of straight spray compression-ignition engine has particularly been proposed, propose a kind of classification and sprayed, directly spray compression-ignition, can realize the motor of the third ignition way of complete compression ignite to the complete meaning of the employing HCCI of the perfect transition of part compression ignite.
Background technique
Modern Vehicle Engine is divided into compression ignition engine and spark-ignition engine.Spark-ignition engine is because the deficiencies such as throttling loss and lean flammability limit make it aspect the thermal efficiency significant limitation be arranged.Compare with spark-ignition engine, although the compression ignition engine thermal efficiency is high, it belongs to diffusive combustion, has the too high and localized hyperthermia of firing chamber local concentration, be difficult to the generation of containment nitrogen oxide and soot (comprising particulate matter), and operation is not steady, noise is larger.
Hcci engine is that people develop and aly have both advantages and do not have the new work engine of both shortcomings.HCCI refers to form at intake process the mixed gas of homogeneous, near homogeneous charge involuntary ignition in the time of being compressed to top dead center, and as seen, it combines spark ignitor mode and two kinds of combustion manners of compressing ignition mode, is a kind of novel combustion mode.Owing to not being subjected to the restriction of fuel oil and oxide parting surface place proportions of ingredients, there is not localized hyperthermia's reaction zone of igniting type burning, so that the discharging of NOX and PM is very low in the HCCI burning yet.
The major advantage of HCCI combustion manner has: 1) can obtain the high thermal efficiency identical with diesel engine with direct injection; 2) discharging of NOX and PM is low especially; 3) can use multiple substitute fuel; 4) combine the advantage of petrol engine (homogeneous charge) and diesel engine (without restriction loss); 5) thus the consumption that can use the oil supply system of low jet pressure and save precious metal reduces cost in catalytic reactor.
Yet its problem that faces is equally outstanding with its advantage.The technical report of U.S. Department of Energy points out that the problem that the HCCI combustion technology waits to solve is as follows:
1) controls catch fire regularly (Ignition Timing) with engine speed and changing load; 2) control of rate of combustion slows down rate of heat release and places restrictions on noise or too high firing pressure during high load running; 3) engine cold starting; 4) discharge the particularly development of low-load HC and CO emission control systems; 5) motor variable parameter operation; 6) development of engine control strategy and system's closed loop feedback system and the development of respective sensor; 7) suitable fuel comprises the exploitation of fuel combination; 8) assurance of multi-cylinder engine cylinder uniformity; 9) combustion simulation of HCCI.
Classification pressure point combustion HCCI combustion system (SP HCCI) is a kind of new HCCI combustion process of the internal-combustion engine that draws in conjunction with Combustion ignition mixture spontaneous combustion boundary correlation theory according at present HCCI research.With respect to present HCCI combustion system, classification pressure point combustion HCCI combustion system is the third ignition way on the complete meaning, its essence is that classification sprays, directly sprays the application of compression-ignition in HCCI, it has realized that combustion system by the perfect transition of complete compression ignite to the part compression ignite, has solved the subject matter that present HCCI faces substantially.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be to have proposed a kind of straight spray compression-ignition engine, proposed a kind of classification and sprayed, directly spray compression-ignition, can realize the motor of the third ignition way of complete compression ignite to the complete meaning of the employing HCCI of the perfect transition of part compression ignite.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technological scheme:
A kind of straight spray compression-ignition engine is characterized in that, comprises low pressure oil way (1), high-pressure generator (2), high-pressure storage (4), Flow restrictor (5), pressure-limit valve (6), oil sprayer (7); Low pressure oil way (1) produces low-voltage fuel, transports to high-pressure generator (2); High-pressure generator (2) produces high pressure fuel; High-pressure storage (4) be used for the storage high pressure fuel; Pressure in pressure-limit valve (6) the restriction high-pressure storage (4); Oil in the oil sprayer (7) is from high-pressure storage (4) ejection, and Flow restrictor (5) connects and acts on high-pressure storage (4), controls the flow of oil sprayer (7); Oil sprayer when aspirating stroke begins (7) carries out the burner oil first time, in cylinder, form air fuel ratio at the homogeneous charge of 13.9-16.3, the signal that sends by controller (9) receiving sensor (8), output control signal control oil sprayer (7) control piston mechanism compresses this homogeneous charge, makes it be in spontaneous combustion position near the spontaneous combustion state; Oil sprayer before compression top center (7) carries out the second time and sprays, roll under stream and the help of piston top shape at cylinder and to produce stratified mixtures, the while compression-ignition, compression-ignition causes temperature, pressure to raise rapidly, make to be near spraying the fuel that enters the first time of spontaneous combustion zone position to enter the spontaneous combustion state, realize homogeneous charge compression ignition.
Described classification pressure point combustion HCCI combustion system (SP HCCI) is a kind of new HCCI combustion process of the internal-combustion engine that draws in conjunction with Combustion ignition mixture spontaneous combustion boundary correlation theory according at present HCCI research.
Described straight spray compression-ignition engine adopts classification pressure point combustion HCCI combustion system (SP HCCI), with respect to present HCCI combustion system, classification pressure point combustion HCCI combustion system is the third ignition way on the complete meaning, its essence is that classification sprays, directly sprays the application of compression-ignition in HCCI, it has realized that combustion system by the perfect transition of complete compression ignite to the part compression ignite, has solved the subject matter that present HCCI faces substantially.
Described straight spray compression-ignition engine adopts the classification spraying technique, and burner oil for the first time when aspirating stroke begins forms very rare homogeneous charge in cylinder, and this mixed gas state is near the spontaneous combustion position.This prepares for realizing classification pressure point combustion HCCI burning.
Described straight spray compression-ignition engine adopts the classification spraying technique, before for the second time being injected in compression top center, roll under stream and the help of piston top shape at cylinder and to produce stratified mixtures, the while compression-ignition, compression-ignition causes temperature, pressure to raise rapidly, make to be near spraying the fuel that enters the first time of spontaneous combustion zone position to enter the spontaneous combustion state, realize homogeneous charge compression ignition.Discharge time can solve HCCI and control regularly (Ignition Timing) this subject matter of catching fire with engine speed and changing load for the second time, realizes the accurate control of ignition time.
Described straight spray compression-ignition engine is according to Combustion ignition mixture spontaneous combustion boundary correlation theory, by improving temperature and pressure, the control of rate of combustion slows down rate of heat release to place restrictions on the relevant issues that noise or the HCCI such as too high firing pressure, motor variable parameter operation face when adopting the modes such as container wall of catalyzer and special processing to solve its high load running in the firing chamber.
The classification of described straight spray compression-ignition engine is sprayed and has been realized classification pressure point combustion HCCI combustion system by the perfect transition of complete compression ignite to the part compression ignite, only needs to adjust for the first time burner oil, the ratio between the burner oil gets final product for the second time.If combustion system fuel enters by spraying for the second time fully, then in fact it is exactly the ordinary diesel oil motor, so, can solve the hcci engine cold start problem.
The fuel that described straight spray compression-ignition engine secondary injection enters can be identical, also can be different.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the present invention adopts classification pressure point combustion HCCI combustion system (SP HCCI), with respect to present HCCI combustion system, classification pressure point combustion HCCI combustion system is the third ignition way on the complete meaning, its essence is the classification injection, directly spray the application of compression-ignition in HCCI, it has realized that combustion system is by the perfect transition of complete compression ignite to the part compression ignite.
(2) a kind of new HCCI combustion process of the internal-combustion engine that draws in conjunction with Combustion ignition mixture spontaneous combustion boundary correlation theory is studied according to present HCCI by system of the present invention.
(3) system that adopts of system of the present invention adopts the classification spraying technique, and burner oil for the first time when aspirating stroke begins forms very rare homogeneous charge in cylinder, and this mixed gas state is near the spontaneous combustion position.This prepares for realizing classification pressure point combustion HCCI burning.
(4) system of system of the present invention employing adopts the classification spraying technique, before it is injected in compression top center for the second time, roll under stream and the help of piston top shape at cylinder and to produce stratified mixtures, the while compression-ignition, compression-ignition causes temperature, pressure to raise rapidly, make to be near spraying the fuel that enters the first time of spontaneous combustion zone position to enter the spontaneous combustion state, realize homogeneous charge compression ignition.Discharge time can solve HCCI and control regularly (Ignition Timing) this subject matter of catching fire with engine speed and changing load for the second time, realizes the accurate control of ignition time.
(5) system of the present invention is according to Combustion ignition mixture spontaneous combustion boundary correlation theory, by adjusting the temperature and pressure of firing chamber, namely by adjusting the homogeneous charge state that forms that sprays for the first time, the control of rate of combustion slows down rate of heat release to place restrictions on the relevant issues that noise or the HCCI such as too high firing pressure, motor variable parameter operation face when solving its high load running.
(6) classification of system of the present invention is sprayed and have been realized classification pressure point combustion HCCI combustion system by the perfect transition of complete compression ignite to the part compression ignite, only needs to adjust for the first time burner oil, the ratio between the burner oil gets final product for the second time.If combustion system fuel enters by spraying for the second time fully, then in fact it is exactly the ordinary diesel oil motor, so, is difficult to cold start problem just solve hcci engine.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates an embodiment's of straight spray compression-ignition engine of the present invention basic principle schematic.
Fig. 2 illustrates straight another embodiment's of spray compression-ignition engine of the present invention basic principle schematic.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1 illustrates an embodiment's of straight spray compression-ignition engine of the present invention basic principle schematic.As shown in Figure 1, low pressure oil way 1 produces low-voltage fuel, transports to high-pressure generator 2; High-pressure generator 2 produces high pressure fuel; Pressure regulator valve 3 is installed in high-pressure generator 2 next doors, can be according to the pressure in engine load conditions adjustment and the maintenance high-pressure storage; The effect of high-pressure storage 4 is storage high pressure fuels, keeps pressure constant; Pressure in the pressure-limit valve 6 restriction high-pressure storages; Oil in the oil sprayer 7 is that Flow restrictor 5 connects and acts on high-pressure storage 4, and the flow restriction of expection is provided from high-pressure storage 4 ejections.That is to say, the effect of Flow restrictor 5 is to prevent that oil spout from appearring continuing in oil sprayer 7; Controller 9 is accepted the air quantity signal that sensor 8 sends, control oil sprayer 7 accurate time, fuel injection quantity and fuel injection characteristics to cylinder fuel injection, accurately finish once, secondary fuel injection task, guarantee in cylinder, to form very rare homogeneous charge near the spontaneous combustion position behind the burner oil for the first time, prepare for realizing classification pressure point combustion HCCI burning.So, straight spray compression-ignition engine of the present invention system has adopted the classification spraying technique, oil sprayer 7 carries out the burner oil first time when aspirating stroke begins, in cylinder, form air fuel ratio at the homogeneous charge of 13.9-16.3, by the signal that controller unit 9 receiving sensors 8 send, the compression of output control signal control oil sprayer 7 control piston mechanisms makes this homogeneous charge state be in spontaneous combustion position near the spontaneous combustion state.Oil sprayer 7 carries out the injection second time before compression top center, roll under stream and the help of piston top shape at cylinder and to produce stratified mixtures, the while compression-ignition, compression-ignition causes temperature, pressure to raise rapidly, make to be near spraying the fuel that enters the first time of spontaneous combustion zone position to enter the spontaneous combustion state, realize homogeneous charge compression ignition.So, the 7 burner oil times second time of control oil sprayer can solve HCCI and control regularly (Ignition Timing) this subject matter of catching fire with engine speed and changing load, realize the accurate control of ignition time.
Only need to adjust oil sprayer 7 for the first time burner oil and the ratio between the burner oil for the second time, can realize that classification pressure point combustion HCCI combustion system is by the perfect transition of complete compression ignite to the part compression ignite.Enter if combustion system fuel is sprayed for the second time by oil sprayer 7 fully, then in fact it is exactly the ordinary diesel oil motor.
Fig. 2 illustrates straight another embodiment's of spray compression-ignition engine of the present invention basic principle schematic.As shown in Figure 2, showed two cover fuel oil supply systems among this figure, the fuel delivery aspect is more convenient, can realize the dispensing scheme of multiple fuel, like this, enter motor for the first time, the fuel that sprays for the second time can be identical, also can be different.Can be one or more the ratio mixture in the liquid fuels such as gasoline, diesel oil, alcohols, hydro carbons, also can for one or more the ratio mixture in the gaseous fuels such as liquid gas, hydrogen, also can be the ratio mixture of aforesaid liquid fuel and gaseous fuel.Can easily adjusting for the first time, burner oil, for the second time ratio between the burner oil, even realization combustion system fuel enter by spraying for the second time fully.
The miscellaneous part effect is identical among Fig. 2, and low pressure oil way 1 (two covers, lower with) produces low-voltage fuel, transports to respectively high-pressure generator 2; High-pressure generator 2 produces high pressure fuel; Pressure regulator valve 3 is installed in respectively high-pressure generator 2 next doors, can be according to the pressure in engine load conditions adjustment and the maintenance high-pressure storage; The effect of high-pressure storage 4 is the storage high pressure fuel, keeps pressure constant; Two pressure-limit valves 5 limit respectively two pressure in the high-pressure storage 4; The effect of two Flow restrictors 6 is to prevent that respectively oil spout from appearring continuing in two oil sprayers 7; The air quantity signal that controller 9 sends according to sensor 8, control oil sprayer 7 is to time, fuel injection quantity and the fuel injection characteristic of cylinder fuel injection, accurately finish the first time, for the second time fuel oil injection task, guarantee in cylinder, to form very rare homogeneous charge near the spontaneous combustion position behind the burner oil for the first time, prepare for realizing classification pressure point combustion HCCI burning.So, straight spray compression-ignition engine of the present invention system has adopted the classification spraying technique, one of them oil sprayer burner oil 7 first time forms air fuel ratio at the homogeneous charge of 13.9-16.3 in cylinder when aspirating stroke begins, and this mixed gas state is near the spontaneous combustion position.Carrying out in addition before compression top center, an oil sprayer 7 sprays for the second time, roll under stream and the help of piston top shape at cylinder and to produce stratified mixtures, the while compression-ignition, compression-ignition causes temperature, pressure to raise rapidly, make to be near spraying the fuel that enters the first time of spontaneous combustion zone position to enter the spontaneous combustion state, realize homogeneous charge compression ignition.So, the signal that controller 9 receiving sensors 8 send, output control signal control oil sprayer 7 is the burner oil time for the second time, can solve HCCI and control regularly (Ignition Timing) this subject matter of catching fire with engine speed and changing load, realize the accurate control of ignition time.
Only need to adjust for the first time ratio between burner oil, the oil sprayer burner oil 72 second time of oil sprayer 71, can realize that classification pressure point combustion HCCI combustion system is by the perfect transition of complete compression ignite to the part compression ignite.Enter if combustion system fuel is sprayed for the second time by oil sprayer 72 fully, then in fact it is exactly the ordinary diesel oil motor.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or conversion, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a straight spray compression-ignition engine is characterized in that, comprises low pressure oil way (1), high-pressure generator (2), high-pressure storage (4), Flow restrictor (5), pressure-limit valve (6), oil sprayer (7); Low pressure oil way (1) produces low-voltage fuel, transports to high-pressure generator (2); High-pressure generator (2) produces high pressure fuel; High-pressure storage (4) be used for the storage high pressure fuel; Pressure in pressure-limit valve (6) the restriction high-pressure storage (4); Oil in the oil sprayer (7) is from high-pressure storage (4) ejection, and Flow restrictor (5) connects and acts on high-pressure storage (4), controls the flow of oil sprayer (7); Oil sprayer when aspirating stroke begins (7) carries out the burner oil first time, in cylinder, form air fuel ratio at the homogeneous charge of 13.9-16.3, the signal that sends by controller (9) receiving sensor (8), output control signal control oil sprayer (7) control piston mechanism compresses this homogeneous charge, makes it be in spontaneous combustion position near the spontaneous combustion state; Oil sprayer before compression top center (7) carries out the second time and sprays, roll under stream and the help of piston top shape at cylinder and to produce stratified mixtures, the while compression-ignition, compression-ignition causes temperature, pressure to raise rapidly, make to be near spraying the fuel that enters the first time of spontaneous combustion zone position to enter the spontaneous combustion state, realize homogeneous charge compression ignition.
2. straight spray compression-ignition engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises pressure regulator valve (3), and pressure regulator valve (3) connects high-pressure generator (2), according to the pressure in engine load conditions adjustment and the maintenance high-pressure storage.
3. straight spray compression-ignition engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, adjust oil sprayer (7) for the first time burner oil and the ratio between the burner oil for the second time, realize that classification pressure point combustion HCCI combustion system is by the perfect transition of complete compression ignite to the part compression ignite.
4. straight spray compression-ignition engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the fuel that twice injection that described straight spray compression-ignition engine adopts enters is identical or different.
5. according to claim 1 to 4 arbitrary described straight spray compression-ignition engines, it is characterized in that, described straight spray compression-ignition engine adopts two cover fuel supply systems.
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| CN201210595183.7A CN103075264B (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2012-12-21 | One directly sprays burn engine |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107781026A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-03-09 | 大连理工大学 | Spark ignitor formula internal combustion engine homogeneous charge compression ignition system |
| CN110067638A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-07-30 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of fuel jet ignition type premixed combustion of IC engine system |
| CN112253322A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-22 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Engine control method based on oil rail pressure sensor fault |
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| CN101113683A (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2008-01-30 | 奇瑞汽车有限公司 | Directly jetting diesel engine combustion system |
| CN101858267A (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-13 | 马自达汽车株式会社 | Supercharged direct-injection engine |
| CN102261289A (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2011-11-30 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Method for managing transitions in internal combustion engines with combustion phasing |
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2012
- 2012-12-21 CN CN201210595183.7A patent/CN103075264B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101050734A (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2007-10-10 | 清华大学 | High pressure co-rail electric control fuel injection system |
| CN101113683A (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2008-01-30 | 奇瑞汽车有限公司 | Directly jetting diesel engine combustion system |
| CN101858267A (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-13 | 马自达汽车株式会社 | Supercharged direct-injection engine |
| CN102261289A (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2011-11-30 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Method for managing transitions in internal combustion engines with combustion phasing |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107781026A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-03-09 | 大连理工大学 | Spark ignitor formula internal combustion engine homogeneous charge compression ignition system |
| CN107781026B (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2021-10-15 | 大连理工大学 | Premixed compression ignition system of spark plug ignition type internal combustion engine |
| CN110067638A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-07-30 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of fuel jet ignition type premixed combustion of IC engine system |
| CN112253322A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-22 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Engine control method based on oil rail pressure sensor fault |
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