CN103074152A - Method for preparing soybean oil through enzymatic hydrolysis of immobilized enzyme - Google Patents

Method for preparing soybean oil through enzymatic hydrolysis of immobilized enzyme Download PDF

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CN103074152A
CN103074152A CN2012105780848A CN201210578084A CN103074152A CN 103074152 A CN103074152 A CN 103074152A CN 2012105780848 A CN2012105780848 A CN 2012105780848A CN 201210578084 A CN201210578084 A CN 201210578084A CN 103074152 A CN103074152 A CN 103074152A
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enzymolysis
immobilized enzyme
soybean oil
enzyme
sumizyme
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李杨
江连洲
齐宝坤
冯红霞
王欢
王中江
王胜男
隋晓楠
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Northeast Agricultural University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing soybean oil through enzymatic hydrolysis of an immobilized enzyme, and belongs to a plant oil extracting technology. The method comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving alkaline protease into a phosphate buffer solution, adding ethanol, precipitating and aggregating, adding glutaraldehyde, and crosslinking to obtain a crosslinked enzyme aggregate, namely immobilized alkaline protease; and (2) crushing soybeans, performing extrusion preprocessing to obtain an extruded material, crushing the extruded material, mixing the extruded material with water, regulating pH and temperature, adding the immobilized enzyme obtained in the step (1) for enzymatic hydrolysis, recycling the immobilized enzyme after the enzymatic hydrolysis, and centrifuging enzymatic hydrolysate to obtain the soybean oil. Processing equipment needed in the method is simple; the prepared immobilized enzyme is high in activity; the immobilizing time is short; a high-cost carrier is not required, so that the cost is greatly reduced; when the immobilized enzyme is applied to extraction of the soybean oil through the enzymatic hydrolysis, oil extracting rate is high; the immobilized enzyme can be recycled for reuse, so that resource waste is reduced; therefore, the method has very good economic benefit and development prospect.

Description

A kind of immobilized enzyme enzymolysis is produced the method for soybean oil
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Vegetable oil lipoprotein extractive technique, relate in particular to the method that a kind of immobilized enzyme enzymolysis is produced soybean oil.
Background technology
In the process of aqueous enzymatic extraction soybean oil, enzyme is dissolved in liquid phase and is in the same place with mixing of materials, can't separate from reaction system, has not only increased cost, has also caused the waste of resource, and can certain influence be arranged to product quality.Immobilized enzyme is the new technology that grows up the sixties in 20th century, generally be that enzyme and insoluble carrier are combined, make enzyme in certain space, be closed state, can continuous reacting, reacted enzyme reclaims by the method such as filter or centrifugal and reuses.
Yet the reagent that immobilization is used and carrier is with high costs, fixed efficiency is on the low side, the immobilized enzyme that really drops into industrial applications is few, thereby further easier, the more applicable process for fixation of exploitation is still the target that pursue in this field.The cross-linked enzyme aggregate technology is a kind of Immobilized Enzymes Without Carriers technology, and the immobilization of enzyme is by realizing the covalent cross-linking of the protein example of basic purifying, high density.The immobilized enzyme good stability that this process for fixation obtains, active high, with low cost, equipment is simple, need not other carriers, thereby unit volume is active greatly, space efficiency is high, and range of application is wider.Yet with the cross-linked enzyme aggregate technology---the problems such as the research that the Immobilized Enzymes Without Carriers technology is applied to the aqueous enzymatic extraction soybean oil has no report, and the method that existing immobilized enzyme extracts soybean oil exists the fixation support cost high, and oil extracting rate is low.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of immobilized enzyme enzymolysis to produce the method for soybean oil, reaches the repeating utilization factor of simplifying technique, raising enzyme and the purpose that reduces cost.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of immobilized enzyme enzymolysis is produced the method for soybean oil, the method may further comprise the steps: (1) is dissolved in the protex-6L Sumizyme MP in the phosphate buffered saline buffer, adds glutaraldehyde after adding ethanol precipitation is assembled again and carries out the crosslinked immobilization protex-6L Sumizyme MP that gets; (2) soybean carries out after crushed expelling-expansion pretreatment and obtains expanded material, to be mixed to get mixed solution with water behind the expanded crushing material, described amount of water and expanded material mass ratio are 5-9:1, regulate pH of mixed and temperature, adding the immobilized enzyme that obtains in the step (1) carries out enzymolysis and obtains enzymolysis solution again, reclaim immobilized enzyme behind the enzymolysis, enzymolysis solution namely got soybean oil through centrifugal minute.
Described immobilization protex-6L Sumizyme MP prepares under following processing parameter: crosslinked pH 6-8, glutaraldehyde concentration 10-50%, crosslinking time 1-3h, resolvase addition 8000-12000U/g.
The preferred parameter of described immobilization protex-6L Sumizyme MP preparation is: crosslinked pH 6.98, glutaraldehyde concentration 32.5%, crosslinking time 2.02h, resolvase addition 10010U/g.
Described amount of water and expanded material mass ratio are preferably 6.79:1.
Described enzymolysis carries out under following processing parameter: hydrolysis temperature 55-75 ℃, and enzymolysis pH 8-10, enzymolysis time 2-4h, enzyme concentration 4000-6000U/g.
Described enzymolysis preferred parameter is: 63.5 ℃ of hydrolysis temperatures, enzymolysis pH 9.35, enzymolysis time 3.5h, enzyme concentration 4895U/g.
The inventive method adopts the carrier-free immobilization Sumizyme MP, at first use the precipitation agent aggregation enzyme, adding linking agent makes enzyme aggregate crosslinked again, namely get cross-linked enzyme aggregate---the immobilization Sumizyme MP, therefore this immobilized enzyme greatly reduces cost owing to need not carrier with high costs, use this immobilized enzyme and extract soybean oil, not only oil extracting rate is high, and enzyme is recyclable reuses, and has reduced the waste of resource.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process route chart of the inventive method;
The crosslinked pH of Fig. 2 and glutaraldehyde concentration are alternately to the response surface of enzymatic activity recovery;
The crosslinked pH of Fig. 3 and crosslinking time are alternately to the response surface of enzymatic activity recovery;
The crosslinked pH of Fig. 4 and resolvase addition are alternately to the response surface of enzymatic activity recovery;
Fig. 5 glutaraldehyde concentration and resolvase addition are alternately to the response surface of enzymatic activity recovery;
Fig. 6 hydrolysis temperature and enzymolysis pH are alternately to the response surface of percent of total oil;
Fig. 7 hydrolysis temperature and liquid ratio are alternately to the response surface of percent of total oil;
Fig. 8 enzymolysis pH and enzymolysis time are alternately to the response surface of percent of total oil;
Fig. 9 enzymolysis pH and liquid ratio are alternately to the response surface of percent of total oil;
Figure 10 enzymolysis time and liquid ratio are alternately to the response surface of percent of total oil.
Specific embodiments
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the invention is described in detail,
A kind of immobilized enzyme enzymolysis is produced the method for soybean oil, the method may further comprise the steps: (1) is dissolved in the protex-6L Sumizyme MP in the phosphate buffered saline buffer, adds glutaraldehyde after adding ethanol precipitation is assembled again and carries out the crosslinked immobilization protex-6L Sumizyme MP that gets; (2) soybean carries out after crushed expelling-expansion pretreatment and obtains expanded material, to be mixed to get mixed solution with water behind the expanded crushing material, described amount of water and expanded material mass ratio are 5-9:1, regulate pH of mixed and temperature, adding the immobilized enzyme that obtains in the step (1) carries out enzymolysis and obtains enzymolysis solution again, reclaim immobilized enzyme behind the enzymolysis, enzymolysis solution namely got soybean oil through centrifugal minute.
Described immobilization protex-6L Sumizyme MP prepares under following processing parameter: crosslinked pH 6-8, glutaraldehyde concentration 10-50%, crosslinking time 1-3h, resolvase addition 8000-12000U/g.
The preferred parameter of described immobilization protex-6L Sumizyme MP preparation is: crosslinked pH 6.98, glutaraldehyde concentration 32.5%, crosslinking time 2.02h, resolvase addition 10010U/g.
Described amount of water and expanded material mass ratio are preferably 6.79:1.
Described enzymolysis carries out under following processing parameter: hydrolysis temperature 55-75 ℃, and enzymolysis pH 8-10, enzymolysis time 2-4h, enzyme concentration 4000-6000U/g.
Described enzymolysis preferred parameter is: 63.5 ℃ of hydrolysis temperatures, enzymolysis pH 9.35, enzymolysis time 3.5h, enzyme concentration 4895U/g.
Embodiment 1: the shaker test of preparation carrier-free immobilization Sumizyme MP optimum parameter
1 materials and methods
1.1 material, reagent
The protex-6L Alcalase Denmark novo company
Sodium phosphate dibasic Commercially available analytical pure
SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC Commercially available analytical pure
Ethanol Commercially available analytical pure
Glutaraldehyde Commercially available analytical pure
1.2 key instrument equipment
PHS-25 type acidometer Shanghai great achievement instrument plant
Electronic analytical balance Mei Lete-Tuo benefit instrument (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.
Whizzer Beijing Medical Centrifugal Machine Factory
Electric-heated thermostatic water bath Yuyao City east electric instrument factory
Freeze drier Shanghai Qianjian Instrument Co., Ltd.
1.3 test method
1.3.1 the preparation of carrier-free immobilization Sumizyme MP
Taking by weighing a certain amount of Sumizyme MP, is that Sodium phosphate dibasic/phosphate sodium dihydrogen buffer solution of 7 mixes with pH, drips the dehydrated alcohol precipitation again and assemble under room temperature, and the simultaneously stirring while dripping precipitates rear centrifugation fully wait the proteolytic enzyme that dissociates and gets throw out.In this precipitation, drip certain density glutaraldehyde cross-linking agent, stirring makes it mix again, centrifuging and taking throw out behind 4 ℃ of lower crosslinked certain hours, with the phosphate buffered saline buffer washing for several times, final separation is precipitated freeze-drying and gets cross-linked enzyme aggregate, i.e. the carrier-free immobilization Sumizyme MP.
1.3.2 enzyme activity determination
The Sumizyme MP enzyme activity determination adopts standard SB/T13017-1999, and namely forint-phenol law mensuration Sumizyme MP enzyme is lived, and immobilized enzyme unit is U/g.Enzyme activity, take the enzyme activity maximum value as 100%, its remainder values and its contrast, namely enzyme activity is expressed as a percentage.
2 results and discussion
2.1 empirical factor level code table
On the basis of single factor research, choosing crosslinked pH, glutaraldehyde concentration, crosslinking time and 4 factors of resolvase addition is independent variable(s), take enzymatic activity recovery as response value, according to the center combination principle of design, the experiment of design response surface analysis, its level of factor coding schedule sees Table table 1-1.
Table 1-1 level of factor coding schedule
Figure DEST_PATH_RE-954338DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
2.2 response surface experimental establishment and experimental result
This experimental applications response surface optimized method carries out process optimization.Take A, B, C, D as independent variable(s), take enzymatic activity recovery R as response value, response surface experimental program and the results are shown in Table 1-2.Experiment 1-24 is factorial experiment, and 25-36 is 12 center tests, in order to the estimating experiment error.
Table 1-2 test arrangement and result
Figure DEST_PATH_RE-734075DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
2.3 response surface interpretation
Enzymatic activity recovery R carries out data analysis by statistical analysis software Design-Expert, and it is as follows to set up Quadratic response surface regression model:
R=80.66-0.38A+1.62B+0.51C+0.81D-1.02AB+1.15AC+1.27AD-0.71BC
-2.66BD+0.46CD-4.29A 2-3.24B 2-3.66C 2-3.12D 2
Recurrence and the results of analysis of variance of enzymatic activity recovery R see Table 1-3, and significant response surface analysis is seen Fig. 2-Fig. 5 mutually alternately.
Recurrence and the results of analysis of variance of table 1-3 enzymatic activity recovery
Variable Degree of freedom Sum of squares All square The F value Pr>F
A
1 3.44 3.44 1.67 0.2099
B 1 62.86 62.86 30.62 <0.0001
C 1 6.16 6.16 3.00 0.0979
D 1 15.62 15.62 7.61 0.0118
AB 1 16.52 16.52 8.05 0.0099
AC 1 21.11 21.11 10.29 0.0042
AD 1 25.65 25.65 12.50 0.0020
BD 1 113.42 113.42 55.25 <0.0001
A 2 1 590.02 590.02 287.41 <0.0001
B 2 1 334.93 334.93 163.15 <0.0001
C 2 1 428.12 428.12 208.55 <0.0001
D 2 1 311.54 311.54 151.76 <0.0001
Return 14 1940.98 138.64 67.54 <0.0001
Residue 21 43.11 2.05
Lose and intend 10 16.82 1.68 0.70 0.7064
Error 11 26.29 2.39
Summation 35 1984.09
By table 1-3 as can be known, the linear relationship between equation dependent variable and the independent variable(s) is obvious, and this model returns significantly (p<0.0001), and lose and intend item not significantly (p〉0.05), and this model R 2=97.83%, R 2 Adj=96.38%, illustrate that this model and experimental fit are good, linear relationship is remarkable between independent variable(s) and the response value, and the theory that can be used for this reaction is inferred.Can obtain factor contribution rate by the F check is: B〉D〉C〉A, i.e. glutaraldehyde concentration〉the resolvase addition〉crosslinking time〉crosslinked pH.
Application responds face optimizing analytical procedure is analyzed regression model, seeking the crosslinked pH of optimal response result is 6.98, and glutaraldehyde concentration is 32.5%, and crosslinking time is 2.02h, the resolvase addition is 10010U/g, and it is about 80.89% that the response value enzymatic activity recovery has optimum value.
2.4 confirmatory experiment and simultaneous test
Under the top condition that the response surface analysis method is tried to achieve, namely crosslinked pH is 6.98, and glutaraldehyde concentration is 32.5%, crosslinking time is 2.02h, the resolvase addition is 10010U/g, carries out 3 parallel laboratory tests, and the mean value of 3 parallel laboratory test enzymatic activity recoveries is 81.34%.Experimental value and regression equation predictor that response value is described are coincide good.
Embodiment 2: the shaker test of enzymolysis process optimum parameter
1 materials and methods
1.1 material, reagent
Soybean What Exploitation of Agriculture in Heilongjiang academy of sciences cultivated cultivates agricultural 42
The protex-6L Alcalase Denmark novo company
Sodium phosphate dibasic Commercially available analytical pure
SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC Commercially available analytical pure
Ethanol Commercially available analytical pure
Glutaraldehyde Commercially available analytical pure
1.2 key instrument equipment
PHS-25 type acidometer Shanghai great achievement instrument plant
Electronic analytical balance Mei Lete-Tuo benefit instrument (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.
Whizzer Beijing Medical Centrifugal Machine Factory
The electric precise stirrer Jintan City, Jiangsu Province high honour instrument manufacturing company limited
Electric-heated thermostatic water bath Yuyao City east electric instrument factory
Constant incubator Beijing is bright Medical Instruments factory forever
Freeze drier Shanghai Qianjian Instrument Co., Ltd.
1.3 test method
1.3.1 technical process
Soybean → pulverizing → moisture adjusting → extruding puffing → pulverizing → add water mixes → regulates pH and temperature → adding immobilized enzyme enzymolysis → recovery immobilized enzyme → enzymolysis solution → centrifugation → soybean oil
1.3.2 calculation formula
Figure 191601DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
2 results and discussion
2.1 experimental factor level code table
On the basis of single factor research, choosing hydrolysis temperature, enzymolysis pH, enzymolysis time, liquid ratio, 5 factors of enzyme concentration is independent variable(s), take percent of total oil as response value, according to the center combination principle of design, the test of design response surface analysis, its level of factor coding schedule sees Table table 2-1.
Table 2-1 level of factor coding schedule
Figure 5973DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
2.2 response surface experimental establishment and experimental result
This experimental applications response surface optimized method carries out process optimization.Take A, B, C, D, E as independent variable(s), take percent of total oil as response value R, response surface experimental program and the results are shown in Table 2-2.Experiment 1-26 is factorial experiment, and 27-36 is 10 center tests, in order to the estimating experiment error.
Table 2-2 test arrangement and result
2.3 response surface interpretation
Percent of total oil R carries out data analysis by statistical analysis software Design-Expert, and it is as follows to set up Quadratic response surface regression model:
R=91.93-0.32A-0.17B+0.48C+0.087D-0.40E+1.26AB-0.47AC+1.88AD+0.46AE+2.46BC-2.20BD-0.40BE+1.19CD+0.37CE-0.15DE-0.72A 2-1.77B 2-0.37C 2-1.87D 2-0.66E 2
Regression analysis and the results of analysis of variance of percent of total oil R see Table 2-3, and significant response surface analysis is seen Fig. 6-Figure 10 mutually alternately.
Table 2-3 percent of total oil returns and the results of analysis of variance
Variable Degree of freedom Sum of squares All square The F value Pr>F
A
1 2.51 2.51 2.13 0.1648
B 1 0.73 0.73 0.62 0.4437
C 1 5.59 5.59 4.75 0.0457
D 1 0.18 0.18 0.16 0.6982
E 1 3.81 3.81 3.24 0.0921
AB 1 25.04 25.04 21.59 0.0003
AD 1 56.33 56.33 47.88 <0.0001
BC 1 96.63 96.63 82.14 <0.0001
BD 1 77.70 77.70 66.05 <0.0001
CD 1 22.80 22.80 19.38 0.0005
A 2 1 16.64 16.64 14.14 0.0019
B 2 1 100.23 100.23 85.20 <0.0001
D 2 1 112.03 112.03 95.23 <0.0001
E 2 1 13.83 13.83 11.75 0.0037
Return 20 550.64 27.53 23.40 <0.0001
Residue 15 17.65 1.18
Lose and intend 6 0.88 0.15 0.079 0.9971
Error 9 16.77 1.86
Summation 35 568.28
By table 2-3 as can be known, the linear relationship between equation dependent variable and the independent variable(s) is obvious, and this model returns significantly (p<0.0001), and lose and intend item not significantly (p〉0.05), and this model R 2=96.89%, R 2 Adj=92.75%, illustrate that this model and experimental fit are good, linear relationship is remarkable between independent variable(s) and the response value, and the theory that can be used for this reaction is inferred.Can obtain factor contribution rate by the F check is: C〉E〉A〉B〉D, i.e. enzymolysis time〉enzyme concentration〉hydrolysis temperature〉enzymolysis pH〉liquid ratio.
Application responds face optimizing analytical procedure is analyzed regression model, and searching optimal response as a result hydrolysis temperature is 63.5 ℃, and enzymolysis pH is 9.35, enzymolysis time is 3.5h, liquid ratio is 6.79mL/g, and enzyme concentration is 4895U/g, and the response value percent of total oil has optimum value to be approximately about 92.84%.
2.4 confirmatory experiment and simultaneous test
Under the top condition that the response surface analysis method is tried to achieve, namely hydrolysis temperature is 63.5 ℃, and enzymolysis pH is 9.35, enzymolysis time is 3.5h, and liquid ratio is 6.79mL/g, and enzyme concentration is 4895U/g, carry out 3 parallel laboratory tests, the mean value of 3 parallel laboratory test percent of total oils is 92.22%.Experimental value and regression equation predictor that response value is described are coincide good.
2.5 the operational stability of immobilized enzyme
Utilize immobilized enzyme to carry out 5 soybean behind the hydrolysis extruding puffing and carry oil, the percent of total oil that records respectively and residual enzyme vigor all are more or less the same before, illustrate that the cross-linked enzyme aggregate operational stability is better.

Claims (6)

1. an immobilized enzyme enzymolysis is produced the method for soybean oil, it is characterized in that, the method may further comprise the steps: (1) is dissolved in the protex-6L Sumizyme MP in the phosphate buffered saline buffer, adds glutaraldehyde after adding ethanol precipitation is assembled again and carries out the crosslinked immobilization protex-6L Sumizyme MP that gets; (2) soybean carries out after crushed expelling-expansion pretreatment and obtains expanded material, to be mixed to get mixed solution with water behind the expanded crushing material, described amount of water and expanded material mass ratio are 5-9:1, regulate pH of mixed and temperature, adding the immobilized enzyme that obtains in the step (1) carries out enzymolysis and obtains enzymolysis solution again, reclaim immobilized enzyme behind the enzymolysis, enzymolysis solution namely got soybean oil through centrifugal minute.
2. a kind of immobilized enzyme enzymolysis according to claim 1 is produced the method for soybean oil, it is characterized in that described immobilization protex-6L Sumizyme MP prepares: crosslinked pH 6-8 under following processing parameter, glutaraldehyde concentration 10-50%, crosslinking time 1-3h, resolvase addition 8000-12000U/g.
3. a kind of immobilized enzyme enzymolysis according to claim 2 is produced the method for soybean oil, the preferred parameter that it is characterized in that described immobilization protex-6L Sumizyme MP preparation is: crosslinked pH 6.98, glutaraldehyde concentration 32.5%, crosslinking time 2.02h, resolvase addition 10010U/g.
4. a kind of immobilized enzyme enzymolysis according to claim 1 is produced the method for soybean oil, it is characterized in that described amount of water and expanded material mass ratio are preferably 6.79:1.
5. a kind of immobilized enzyme enzymolysis according to claim 1 is produced the method for soybean oil, it is characterized in that described enzymolysis carries out under following processing parameter: hydrolysis temperature 55-75 ℃, and enzymolysis pH 8-10, enzymolysis time 2-4h, enzyme concentration 4000-6000U/g.
6. a kind of immobilized enzyme enzymolysis according to claim 5 is produced the method for soybean oil, it is characterized in that described enzymolysis preferred parameter is: 63.5 ℃ of hydrolysis temperatures, enzymolysis pH 9.35, enzymolysis time 3.5h, enzyme concentration 4895U/g.
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104593139A (en) * 2015-01-21 2015-05-06 东北农业大学 Method for carrying out enzymolysis on soybean by using gas-solid two-phase magnetically-stabilized fluidized bed
CN104629891A (en) * 2015-01-21 2015-05-20 东北农业大学 Research on method for extracting oil and fat from soybeans through enzymolysis by using gas-liquid-solid three-phase magnetically-stabilized fluidized bed
CN106520735A (en) * 2016-09-23 2017-03-22 天津大学 Crosslinking protease aggregate and application for preparing black soybean hypotensive activity peptide
CN112940839A (en) * 2021-01-28 2021-06-11 江苏国色天香油用牡丹科技发展有限公司 High-yield peony seed oil and processing technology thereof

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CN101113433A (en) * 2007-06-29 2008-01-30 浙江工业大学 Process for preparing chitosan microsphere immobilized lipolytic enzyme
CN102816639A (en) * 2012-09-10 2012-12-12 东北农业大学 Immobilized enzyme-assisted extraction method of soybean oil

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CN101113433A (en) * 2007-06-29 2008-01-30 浙江工业大学 Process for preparing chitosan microsphere immobilized lipolytic enzyme
CN102816639A (en) * 2012-09-10 2012-12-12 东北农业大学 Immobilized enzyme-assisted extraction method of soybean oil

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104593139A (en) * 2015-01-21 2015-05-06 东北农业大学 Method for carrying out enzymolysis on soybean by using gas-solid two-phase magnetically-stabilized fluidized bed
CN104629891A (en) * 2015-01-21 2015-05-20 东北农业大学 Research on method for extracting oil and fat from soybeans through enzymolysis by using gas-liquid-solid three-phase magnetically-stabilized fluidized bed
CN106520735A (en) * 2016-09-23 2017-03-22 天津大学 Crosslinking protease aggregate and application for preparing black soybean hypotensive activity peptide
CN112940839A (en) * 2021-01-28 2021-06-11 江苏国色天香油用牡丹科技发展有限公司 High-yield peony seed oil and processing technology thereof

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