CN103074096B - Device for extracting shale oil from ultra-critical fluid and method for extracting shale oil by using device - Google Patents

Device for extracting shale oil from ultra-critical fluid and method for extracting shale oil by using device Download PDF

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CN103074096B
CN103074096B CN201310040847.8A CN201310040847A CN103074096B CN 103074096 B CN103074096 B CN 103074096B CN 201310040847 A CN201310040847 A CN 201310040847A CN 103074096 B CN103074096 B CN 103074096B
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pressure control
valve
separator tube
control still
still
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CN103074096A (en
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周红霞
邹彤雯
郑建明
刘佳宁
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Energy and Environment Research Institute of Heilongjiang Province
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Abstract

The invention discloses a device for extracting shale oil from ultra-critical fluid and a method for extracting the shale oil by using the device and relates to a shale oil extracting device and a shale oil extracting method. The problems of more oil residue, high energy consumption, high cost and easily-caused secondary pollution of the current method are solved. The device comprises a pressure control kettle heating sleeve, a pressure control kettle, a double-vertebra ring, a pressure control kettle upper cover, a first bolt, a heating sleeve upper cover, an injection pump interface, a pressure control kettle pressure gauge, a first pipe, a first valve, a heating sleeve cover, a separating pipe heating sleeve, a separating pipe cover, a second bolt, a slide block, a separating pipe, a casing pipe, a separating pipe pressure gauge, a second valve, a second pipe, a condensing kettle, a condenser, a throttle nozzle and a condensing pipe. The method comprises the following steps of filling the shale oil into the separating pipe; closing the valve, adding carbon dioxide liquid into the pressure control kettle, increasing the pressure and opening the first valve; closing the valve, heating the separating pipe, opening the second valve, releasing the pressure, opening the first valve, and adjusting the pressure; and emptying CO2, and recycling oil. The method is used for extracting the shale oil.

Description

A kind of device of supercritical fluid extraction shale oil and utilize the method for this device extraction shale oil
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that extracts the device of shale oil and utilize this device extraction shale oil.
Background technology
At present, test oil shale oil length uses Fischer assay method conventionally, both, under the condition of isolated air, resinous shale sample was placed in to aluminium and discriminates, and is heated to 520 DEG C, and keeps the regular hour with the heat-up rate specifying.The industrial gaseous heat-carrier retorting technique that mainly adopts, the extraction yield of oil is about 65%~85% of Fischer assay.But the method for Fischer assay can not extract whole oily compositions thoroughly from resinous shale, still has more oil remnants in the resinous shale after extraction, and common method for destructive distillation length consuming time, energy expenditure is large, and extraction efficiency is poorer, can cause waste and the secondary pollution of resource.
The method of existing supercritical extraction resinous shale, is used overcritical toluene as medium, and extracting pressure is about 10MPa, and the extraction yield of oil is significantly better than Fischer assay, but owing to having used carcinogenic and expensive organic solvent, therefore application is restricted.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve existing shale oil extracting method to exist oil remaining more, and energy consumption is large, and cost is high, is easy to cause the problem of secondary pollution, a kind of device of supercritical fluid extraction shale oil is provided and utilizes this device to extract the method for shale oil.
The device of supercritical fluid extraction shale oil of the present invention comprises pressure control still heating jacket, pressure control still, two vertebra rings, pressure control still upper cover, the first bolt, heating jacket upper cover, syringe pump interface, pressure control still tensimeter, the first pipeline, the first valve, heating upper shield, separator tube heating jacket, separator tube lid, the second bolt, slide block, separator tube, sleeve pipe, separator tube tensimeter, the second valve, second pipe, condensation still, condenser, throttle notch and prolong, pressure control still outside is provided with pressure control still heating jacket, pressure control still top is fixedly connected with pressure control still upper cover by the first bolt, between pressure control still and pressure control still upper cover, be provided with two vertebra rings, pressure control still heating jacket top is provided with heating jacket upper cover, syringe pump interface is communicated with pressure control still, pressure control still is provided with pressure control still tensimeter, the first pipeline is provided with the first valve, pressure control still is communicated with separator tube by the first pipeline, separator tube inside is provided with sleeve pipe, inside pipe casing is provided with slide block, separator tube opening part is fixedly connected with separator tube lid by the second bolt, separator tube outside is provided with separator tube heating jacket, separator tube heating jacket opening part is provided with heating upper shield, second pipe is provided with the second valve and separator tube tensimeter, separator tube is communicated with condensation still by second pipe, condensation still lower outside is provided with condenser, condensation still side has throttle notch, throttle notch outer setting prolong.
Utilize the method for said apparatus extraction shale oil, carry out according to the following steps:
One, 50~200g resinous shale sample being cut into particle diameter is 2~4mm, is placed in separator tube;
Two, close the first valve and the second valve, in pressure control still, add carbon dioxide liquid by the syringe pump interface on pressure control still with syringe pump, rising pressure control still temperature to the pressure of pressure control still is 12~15MPa, then by the first valve open, make pressure in pressure control still and separator tube maintain 30min~60min at 12~15MPa;
Three, close the first valve, heating and separating pipe to pressure in separator tube is 30~35MPa, maintains 5~15min, then opens the second valve, carry out release, after release finishes, then by the first valve open, regulating pressure in whole device is 12~15MPa, continue 30~60min, then regulate pressure to 16~24MPa in whole device, reduce temperature to 300~350 DEG C of separator tube simultaneously, continue 0~300min;
Four, continue heating and separating pipe and pressure control still, after the carbonic acid gas in emptier, close the first valve and the second valve, decomposition experimental device, reclaim the oil in condensation still and prolong, and take out resinous shale residue in separator tube, complete the extraction of shale oil.
The principle of work of the device of supercritical fluid extraction shale oil of the present invention and process are: resinous shale sample is placed in separator tube, close the first valve and the second valve, in pressure control still, add carbon dioxide liquid by the syringe pump interface on pressure control still with syringe pump, the temperature of rising pressure control still, making liquid carbon dioxide conversion is supercutical fluid, and reaches higher pressure.Then open the first valve, keep the temperature of pressure control still higher than the temperature of separator tube, now supercritical co is to separator tube enrichment, and oil in swelling resinous shale.Then close the first valve, heating and separating pipe, in the time that the supercritical co in separator tube reaches higher pressure (30~35MPa), maintains for some time (about 5~15min).Regulate the throttle notch of condensation still to maximum caliber, and then open the second valve, carry out stress-relief process fast.Can collect shale oil product at condensation still and throttle notch place, because the different molecule of molecular weight is in the gap Flow Velocity difference of nozzle, what in condensation still, collect is heavy oil, and what condensation nozzle was collected is gaseous state small molecules product and lightweight oil.Continue heating and separating pipe and pressure control still, after the carbonic acid gas in emptier, close two valves, decomposition experimental device, reclaims the oil in condensation still and prolong, and takes out resinous shale residue in separator tube.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention is applied to supercritical liquid extraction technique the extraction of shale oil, can effectively utilize supercutical fluid and be easy to infiltration and the feature of mass transfer, makes it be penetrated into fully the inside of resinous shale.Due to supercutical fluid can with gas, comprise the steam of shale oil, with arbitrary proportion mixing, while therefore utilizing oily in supercritical fluid extraction resinous shale, can reduce the energy expenditure in sepn process, improve the efficiency separating.Meanwhile, the surface tension properties of supercutical fluid uniqueness can ensure that the process of extraction is not subject to the impact of capillary force in resinous shale microtexture, and this also can be extracted by the effect of mass transmitting of supercutical fluid the oil in resinous shale slight void.
The present invention use the method for supercritical extraction can the minimizing oil shale residues of maximum amplitude in residual organic matter, be also convenient to the recycling of oil shale residues simultaneously.
The present invention uses nontoxic and cheap supercritical co as spe medium, with rising extracting pressure and add the method for a small amount of cosolvent (naphthane) to improve supercritical co to oily dissolving power, lower for lab analysis and the power consumption of small-scale industrial production, the efficiency of extracting is high, can be close to and utilize completely oil female, thereby have broad application prospects.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the device of supercritical fluid extraction shale oil of the present invention.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to following cited embodiment, also comprises the arbitrary combination between each embodiment.
Embodiment one: present embodiment illustrates present embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 1, the device of present embodiment supercritical fluid extraction shale oil comprises pressure control still heating jacket 1, pressure control still 2, two vertebra rings 3, pressure control still upper cover 4, the first bolt 5, heating jacket upper cover 6, syringe pump interface 7, pressure control still tensimeter 8, the first pipeline 9, the first valve 10, heating upper shield 11, separator tube heating jacket 12, separator tube lid 13, the second bolt 14, slide block 15, separator tube 16, sleeve pipe 17, separator tube tensimeter 18, the second valve 19, second pipe 20, condensation still 21, condenser 22, throttle notch 23 and prolong 24, pressure control still 2 outsides are provided with pressure control still heating jacket 1, pressure control still 2 tops are fixedly connected with pressure control still upper cover 4 by the first bolt 5, between pressure control still 2 and pressure control still upper cover 4, be provided with two vertebra rings 3, pressure control still heating jacket 1 top is provided with heating jacket upper cover 6, syringe pump interface 7 is communicated with pressure control still 2, pressure control still 2 is provided with pressure control still tensimeter 8, the first pipeline 9 is provided with the first valve 10, pressure control still 2 is communicated with separator tube 16 by the first pipeline 9, separator tube 16 inside are provided with sleeve pipe 17, sleeve pipe 17 inside are provided with slide block 15, separator tube 16 opening parts are fixedly connected with separator tube lid 13 by the second bolt 14, separator tube 16 outsides are provided with separator tube heating jacket 12, separator tube heating jacket 12 opening parts are provided with heating upper shield 11, second pipe 20 is provided with the second valve 19 and separator tube tensimeter 18, separator tube 16 is communicated with condensation still 21 by second pipe 20, condensation still 21 lower outsides are provided with condenser 22, condensation still 21 sides have throttle notch 23, throttle notch 23 outer setting prolongs 24.
Embodiment two: present embodiment is different from embodiment one: the inside nominal diameter of the first valve 10 lower than the inside nominal diameter of the second valve 19, the first pipelines 9 lower than second pipe 20.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: present embodiment is different from embodiment one or two: the volume of condensation still 21 is 10~15 times of separator tube 16 useful volumes.Other is identical with embodiment one or two.
Described in present embodiment, separator tube useful volume refers to and in separator tube, packs after sleeve pipe also remaining useful volume into.
Embodiment four: utilize the method for the device extraction shale oil of the supercritical fluid extraction shale oil described in embodiment one, carry out according to the following steps:
One, 50~200g resinous shale sample being cut into particle diameter is 2~4mm, is placed in separator tube 16;
Two, close the first valve 10 and the second valve 19, in pressure control still 2, add carbon dioxide liquid by the syringe pump interface 7 on pressure control still 2 with syringe pump, rising pressure control still 2 temperature to the pressure of pressure control still 2 is 12~15MPa, then the first valve 10 is opened, made pressure in pressure control still 2 and separator tube 16 maintain 30min~60min at 12~15MPa;
Three, close the first valve 10, heating and separating pipe 16 to pressure in separator tube 16 is 30~35MPa, maintains 5~15min, then opens the second valve 19, carry out release, after release finishes, then the first valve 10 is opened, regulating pressure in whole device is 12~15MPa, continue 30~60min, then regulate pressure to 16~24MPa in whole device, reduce temperature to 300~350 DEG C of separator tube 16 simultaneously, continue 0~300min;
Four, continue heating and separating pipe 16 and pressure control still 2, after the carbonic acid gas in emptier, close the first valve 10 and the second valve 19, decomposition experimental device, reclaim the oil in condensation still 21 and prolong 24, and take out resinous shale residue in separator tube 16, complete the extraction of shale oil.
For verifying extracting process of the present invention, use respectively Fischer assay and extracting process of the present invention to investigate the oil yield of four kinds of different resinous shale samples.(resinous shale sample is taken from according to the Da Lian river, basin of relaxing, and No. two resinous shale samples are taken from the ferreous and Sui Ling in loose distant basin, and No. three resinous shale sample is taken from Wu Lin town, Linkou County, sub-basin, willow river, and No. four resinous shale sample is taken from Ning'an area, Mudanjiang, Ning'an basin.) temperature of Fischer assay is 520 DEG C, the heating-up time is about 50min, and holding the temperature time is 20min.Supercritical carbon dioxide method for extracting and condition are as embodiment 1 to embodiment 4.
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment utilizes the method for the device extraction shale oil of supercritical fluid extraction shale oil, carries out according to the following steps:
One, 100g resinous shale sample being cut into particle diameter is 3mm, is placed in separator tube 16;
Two, close the first valve 10 and the second valve 19, in pressure control still 2, add carbon dioxide liquid by the syringe pump interface 7 on pressure control still 2 with syringe pump, rising pressure control still 2 temperature to the pressure of pressure control still 2 is 13MPa, then the first valve 10 is opened, made pressure in pressure control still 2 and separator tube 16 maintain 30min at 13MPa;
Three, close the first valve 10, heating and separating pipe 16 to pressure in separator tube 16 is 30MPa, maintains 10min, then open the second valve 19, carry out release, after release finishes, the first valve 10 is opened, regulating pressure in whole device is 13MPa again, continues 30min;
Four, continue heating and separating pipe 16 and pressure control still 2, after the carbonic acid gas in emptier, close the first valve 10 and the second valve 19, decomposition experimental device, reclaim the oil in condensation still 21 and prolong 24, and take out resinous shale residue in separator tube 16, complete the extraction of shale oil.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment utilizes the method for the device extraction shale oil of supercritical fluid extraction shale oil, carries out according to the following steps:
One, 100g resinous shale sample being cut into particle diameter is 3mm, is placed in separator tube 16;
Two, close the first valve 10 and the second valve 19, in pressure control still 2, add carbon dioxide liquid by the syringe pump interface 7 on pressure control still 2 with syringe pump, rising pressure control still 2 temperature to the pressure of pressure control still 2 is 13MPa, then the first valve 10 is opened, made pressure in pressure control still 2 and separator tube 16 maintain 30min at 13MPa;
Three, close the first valve 10, heating and separating pipe 16 to pressure in separator tube 16 is 30MPa, maintains 10min, then opens the second valve 19, carry out release, after release finishes, then the first valve 10 is opened, regulating pressure in whole device is 13MPa, continue 30min, then regulate pressure in whole device to 16MPa, to reduce the temperature to 300 DEG C of separator tube 16 simultaneously, continue 180min;
Four, continue heating and separating pipe 16 and pressure control still 2, after the carbonic acid gas in emptier, close the first valve 10 and the second valve 19, decomposition experimental device, reclaim the oil in condensation still 21 and prolong 24, and take out resinous shale residue in separator tube 16, complete the extraction of shale oil.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment utilizes the method for the device extraction shale oil of supercritical fluid extraction shale oil, carries out according to the following steps:
One, 100g resinous shale sample being cut into particle diameter is 3mm, is placed in separator tube 16;
Two, close the first valve 10 and the second valve 19, in pressure control still 2, add carbon dioxide liquid by the syringe pump interface 7 on pressure control still 2 with syringe pump, rising pressure control still 2 temperature to the pressure of pressure control still 2 is 13MPa, then the first valve 10 is opened, made pressure in pressure control still 2 and separator tube 16 maintain 30min at 13MPa;
Three, close the first valve 10, heating and separating pipe 16 to pressure in separator tube 16 is 30MPa, maintains 10min, then open the second valve 19, carry out release, after release finishes, the first valve 10 is opened, regulating pressure in whole device is 12MPa again, continues 30min;
Four, continue heating and separating pipe 16 and pressure control still 2, after the carbonic acid gas in emptier, close the first valve 10 and the second valve 19, decomposition experimental device, reclaim the oil in condensation still 21 and prolong 24, and take out resinous shale residue in separator tube 16, complete the extraction of shale oil.
Embodiment 4:
The present embodiment utilizes the method for the device extraction shale oil of supercritical fluid extraction shale oil, carries out according to the following steps:
One, 100g resinous shale sample being cut into particle diameter is 3mm, is placed in separator tube 16;
Two, close the first valve 10 and the second valve 19, in pressure control still 2, add carbon dioxide liquid by the syringe pump interface 7 on pressure control still 2 with syringe pump, rising pressure control still 2 temperature to the pressure of pressure control still 2 is 13MPa, then the first valve 10 is opened, made pressure in pressure control still 2 and separator tube 16 maintain 30min at 13MPa;
Three, close the first valve 10, heating and separating pipe 16 to pressure in separator tube 16 is 30MPa, maintains 10min, then opens the second valve 19, carry out release, after release finishes, then the first valve 10 is opened, regulating pressure in whole device is 12MPa, continue 30min, then regulate pressure in whole device to 18MPa, to reduce the temperature to 300 DEG C of separator tube 16 simultaneously, continue 180min;
Four, continue heating and separating pipe 16 and pressure control still 2, after the carbonic acid gas in emptier, close the first valve 10 and the second valve 19, decomposition experimental device, reclaim the oil in condensation still 21 and prolong 24, and take out resinous shale residue in separator tube 16, complete the extraction of shale oil.
The oil yield of the resinous shale sample that table 1 different methods records
Extracting process A resinous shale No. two resinous shale No. three resinous shale No. four resinous shale
Fischer assay 11.37% 5.65% 10.53% 7.48%
Embodiment 1 13.78% 7.12% 11.96% 9.81%
Embodiment 2 14.22% 7.76% 12.44% 10.20%
Embodiment 3 13.90% 7.30% 12.01% 10.00%
Embodiment 4 14.14% 7.51% 12.27% 10.14%
The oil yield of the resinous shale sample that different methods records is as shown in table 1.According to the experimental data in table 1, adopt the method oil yield of embodiment 1 to embodiment 4 generally higher than Fischer assay, for the lower resinous shale sample of oleaginousness (No. two resinous shale samples), adopt the method for embodiment 1 to embodiment 4 larger with respect to Fischer assay increase rate, can reach 37.3%, and the ratio improving for the higher sample of oleaginousness (a resinous shale sample) is relatively little, be 25%.This shows that the method for supercritical carbon dioxide extraction shale oil is more suitable for the high efficiency shale oil that extracts from extract the resinous shale sample that difficulty is large.The data of the experiment in table 1 also show, by the extraction in two stages, the oil in resinous shale can more thoroughly be extracted.

Claims (4)

1. a device for supercritical fluid extraction shale oil, is characterized in that this device comprises pressure control still heating jacket (1), pressure control still (2), two vertebra rings (3), pressure control still upper cover (4), the first bolt (5), heating jacket upper cover (6), syringe pump interface (7), pressure control still tensimeter (8), the first pipeline (9), the first valve (10), heating upper shield (11), separator tube heating jacket (12), separator tube lid (13), the second bolt (14), slide block (15), separator tube (16), sleeve pipe (17), separator tube tensimeter (18), the second valve (19), second pipe (20), condensation still (21), condenser (22), throttle notch (23) and prolong (24), pressure control still (2) outside is provided with pressure control still heating jacket (1), pressure control still (2) top is fixedly connected with pressure control still upper cover (4) by the first bolt (5), between pressure control still (2) and pressure control still upper cover (4), be provided with two vertebra rings (3), pressure control still heating jacket (1) top is provided with heating jacket upper cover (6), syringe pump interface (7) is communicated with pressure control still (2), pressure control still (2) is provided with pressure control still tensimeter (8), the first pipeline (9) is provided with the first valve (10), pressure control still (2) is communicated with separator tube (16) by the first pipeline (9), separator tube (16) inside is provided with sleeve pipe (17), sleeve pipe (17) inside is provided with slide block (15), separator tube (16) opening part is fixedly connected with separator tube lid (13) by the second bolt (14), separator tube (16) outside is provided with separator tube heating jacket (12), separator tube heating jacket (12) opening part is provided with heating upper shield (11), second pipe (20) is provided with the second valve (19) and separator tube tensimeter (18), separator tube (16) is communicated with condensation still (21) by second pipe (20), condensation still (21) lower outside is provided with condenser (22), condensation still (21) side has throttle notch (23), throttle notch (23) outer setting prolong (24).
2. the device of a kind of supercritical fluid extraction shale oil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the inside nominal diameter of the first valve (10) is lower than the second valve (19), the inside nominal diameter of the first pipeline (9) is lower than second pipe (20).
3. the device of a kind of supercritical fluid extraction shale oil according to claim 1 and 2, the volume that it is characterized in that condensation still (21) is 10~15 times of separator tube (16) useful volume.
4. utilize the method for the device extraction shale oil of a kind of supercritical fluid extraction shale oil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the method carries out according to the following steps:
One, 50~200g resinous shale sample being cut into particle diameter is 2~4mm, is placed in separator tube (16);
Two, close the first valve (10) and the second valve (19), in pressure control still (2), add carbon dioxide liquid by the syringe pump interface (7) on pressure control still (2) with syringe pump, rising pressure control still (2) temperature to the pressure of pressure control still (2) is 12~15MPa, then the first valve (10) is opened, made pressure in pressure control still (2) and separator tube (16) maintain 30min~60min at 12~15MPa;
Three, close the first valve (10), heating and separating pipe (16) to the middle pressure of separator tube (16) is 30~35MPa, maintain 5~15min, then open the second valve (19), carry out release, after release finishes, again the first valve (10) is opened, regulating pressure in whole device is 12~15MPa, continue 30~60min, then regulate pressure to 16~24MPa in whole device, reduce temperature to 300~350 DEG C of separator tube (16) simultaneously, continue 0~300min;
Four, continue heating and separating pipe (16) and pressure control still (2), after the carbonic acid gas in emptier, close the first valve (10) and the second valve (19), decomposition experimental device, reclaim the oil in condensation still (21) and prolong (24), and take out resinous shale residue in separator tube (16), complete the extraction of shale oil.
CN201310040847.8A 2013-02-01 2013-02-01 Device for extracting shale oil from ultra-critical fluid and method for extracting shale oil by using device Expired - Fee Related CN103074096B (en)

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