CN103072354A - Backing film for photovoltaic module with improved pigment dispersion - Google Patents

Backing film for photovoltaic module with improved pigment dispersion Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103072354A
CN103072354A CN2012105206995A CN201210520699A CN103072354A CN 103072354 A CN103072354 A CN 103072354A CN 2012105206995 A CN2012105206995 A CN 2012105206995A CN 201210520699 A CN201210520699 A CN 201210520699A CN 103072354 A CN103072354 A CN 103072354A
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layer
polyamide
moulding compound
film
weight
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CN103072354B (en
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A·帕夫利克
M·韦尔皮茨
M·贝耶
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Evonik Operations GmbH
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Evonik Industries AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/302—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising aromatic vinyl (co)polymers, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/03—3 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/102—Oxide or hydroxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2270/00—Resin or rubber layer containing a blend of at least two different polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2274/00—Thermoplastic elastomer material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B32B2307/206—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/416—Reflective
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/702—Amorphous
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/704—Crystalline
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/71—Resistive to light or to UV
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/712—Weather resistant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/12—Photovoltaic modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/15—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state
    • B32B37/153—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state at least one layer is extruded and immediately laminated while in semi-molten state
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
    • Y10T428/2495—Thickness [relative or absolute]
    • Y10T428/24967—Absolute thicknesses specified
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31725—Of polyamide
    • Y10T428/31728—Next to second layer of polyamide

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a backing film for a photovoltaic module with improved pigment dispersion. The film comprises (a) a first outer layer made of a molding composition containing at least 35 wt.% polyamide and 1-65 wt.% light reflective filler, (c) a second outer layer made of a molding composition comprising at least 35 wt.% polyamide and 1-65 wt.% filler, respectively based on the total molding composition. The polyamide in the molding composition of the layer (a) and/or the layer (c) is a polyamide elastomer comprising polyether ester amide and polyether amide, where the molding composition of the layer (a) and/or the layer (c) comprise 1-25 wt.% polyamide elastomer. An independent claim is also included for a use of the film as a back cover of a photovoltaic module, where the layer (a) is connected to a solar cell embedded in a sealing layer.

Description

Notacoria for the photovoltaic module with improved pigment-dispersing
Technical field
The present invention relates to as the multilayer film with improved Pigments and fillers dispersed of bonnet for the solar energy module that contains polyamide.
Background technology
Solar energy module also often is called as photovoltaic module, plays a part to produce electric energy by sunshine, and is made of laminate, and described laminate comprises the solar cell system as core layer.This core layer is coated by encapsulating material, the impact that causes with weather that this encapsulating material shields to avoid machinery.
In this case, the active solar energy battery is between protecgulum and bonnet.Protecgulum is transparent and usually is made of glass; With it and the layer combination that comprises solar cell, described adhesion promoter layer is made of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer usually by means of adhesion promoter layer.Bonnet guarantees that electric shield is also as avoiding the protection of for example climatic effect of ultraviolet light and working as the moisture barrier.
At present, will derive from the composite membrane of fluoropolymer membrane and polyester as bonnet according to standard.In this case, the fluoropolymer membrane that is positioned at the outside is guaranteed weatherability, and polyester film is guaranteed mechanical stability and required electrical insulation capability.Be positioned at the sealant that inboard another layer fluoropolymer membrane is used for being connected to solar cell system.Yet such fluoropolymer membrane only has low adhesive force to sealant, and the sealing layer is used as insert material and is used for solar cell itself.In addition, this fluoropolymer membrane only has little contribution to electric insulation, causes thus needs to use quite thick polyester film.
Therefore, propose among the WO2008138022, in such compound, substitute this two-layer fluoropolymer membrane with the film that derives from polyamide 12 (PA12).Thus, in an expansion scheme, in WO2011066595, propose, thermoplastic plastic layer towards solar cell comprises reflective filler such as titanium dioxide, and the thermoplastic plastic layer of solar cell comprises the second filler such as glass fibre, wollastonite or mica dorsad, and it causes this layer to have higher thermal conductivity.Exemplary thermoplastic is from the blend of polyamide, polyester or polyamide and polyester.Clearly mention PA11, PA12 and PA1010 and with polyolefinic blend.
In such photovoltaic module, the distribution of reflective filler has special meaning.Like this, reflectance and thus the electric current productive rate of solar cell increase along with the decentralization that increases.In addition, distribution quality affects the surface quality of notacoria simultaneously.This is unusual important in the layer based on polyamide usually fully at bonnet, and described aspect is to the solar cell of reality and be can be observable in the outside, because here because little layer thickness, it is apparent especially that the pigment agglomerate becomes.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the object of the invention is in two skins of the notacoria of photovoltaic module, obtain improved Pigments and fillers dispersed.
Unexpectedly, have been found that this purpose can be by realizing with the polyamide elastomer of polyether ester amides or polyetheramides type.
Therefore, the invention provides the film that comprises following layer:
A) derive from the first skin of moulding compound, described moulding compound comprises:
I. at least 35 % by weight, preferred at least 40 % by weight, at least 45 % by weight particularly preferably, especially preferred at least 50 % by weight, and the polyamide ratio of at least 55 % by weight most preferably, and
The II.1-65 % by weight, preferred 2-60 % by weight, 3-55 % by weight particularly preferably, especially preferred 4-50 % by weight, and the reflective proportion of filler of 5-45 % by weight most preferably,
B) randomly, the intermediate layer of thermoplastic molding material, and
C) derive from the second skin of moulding compound, described moulding compound has
I. at least 35 % by weight, preferred at least 40 % by weight, at least 45 % by weight particularly preferably, especially preferred at least 50 % by weight, and the polyamide ratio of at least 55 % by weight most preferably, and
The II.1-65 % by weight, 2-60 % by weight preferably, 3-55 % by weight particularly preferably, especially preferred 4-50 % by weight, and the reflective proportion of filler of 5-45 % by weight most preferably,
Wherein, above-mentioned percentage data are in each case based on all moulding compound meters, and wherein the polyamide elastomer by will being selected from polyether ester amides and polyetheramides is used for according to the moulding compound of a) layer as polyamide component and/or is used for according to c) the moulding compound of layer carry out the modification of composite membrane, to such an extent as to according to the moulding compound of a) layer and/or according to c) the moulding compound of layer comprise the 1-25 % by weight, preferred 2-20 % by weight and the polyamide elastomer of 4-20 % by weight particularly preferably.
In this case, preferably according to a), b) and c) the layer directly accompany each other.In addition preferably, according to a) layer with according to c) layer all comprise polyamide elastomer.In addition, can insert in some cases adhesion promoter layer for improvement of according to a) and b) layer between and/or according to b) and c) layer between layer adhesion.
Described polyamide can be the polyamide of partially crystallizable, for example PA6, PA66, PA610, PA612, PA10, PA810, PA106, PA1010, PA11, PA1011, PA1012, PA1210, PA1212, PA814, PA1014, PA618, PA512, PA613, PA813, PA914, PA1015, PA11, PA12, perhaps partially aromatic polyamide, so-called polyphthalamide (PPA).(name of polyamide is according to international standard, and wherein first digit provides, and what be that carbon atom number in the initial diamine and last numeral provide is carbon atom number in the dicarboxylic acids.If only mention a numeral, this means so from α omega-amino-carboxylic acid or from the lactams that is derived by it; In addition can be with reference to H.Domininghaus, 272 pages of Die Kunststoffe und ihre Eigenschaften and with the last few pages, VDI-Verlag, 1976.) PPA that is fit to is, for example, the type of PA66/6T, PA6/6T, PA6T/MPMDT (MPMD represents 2-methylpent methylene diamine), PA9T, PA10T, PA11T, PA12T, PA14T and these back and aliphatic diamine and aliphatic dicarboxylic acid or with the co-condensation polymer of omega-amino-carboxylic acid or lactone.The polyamide of partially crystallizable has the fusion enthalpy greater than 25J/g, according to ISO 11357 usefulness DSC methods when the second heating steps and with the integral measurement of melting peak.
But polyamide also can be hemicrystalline polyamide.Hemicrystalline polyamide has 4 to the fusion enthalpy of 25J/g, according to ISO 11357 usefulness DSC methods when the second heating steps and with the integral measurement of melting peak.The example of the semicrystalline polyamides that is fit to is
-derive from 1,10-decanedioic acid or 1,12-dodecanedioic acid and 4, the polyamide of 4 '-diamino-dicyclohexyl methane (PAPACM10 and PAPACM12), from having the trans of 35-65%, 4 of transisomer ratio, 4 '-diamino-dicyclohexyl methane begins;
-based on the copolymer of the polyamide of partially crystallizable above-mentioned; And
-derive from the polyamide of partially crystallizable above-mentioned and the blend of compatible amorphous polyamide with it.
Described polyamide also can be amorphous polyamide.Amorphous polyamide has the fusion enthalpy less than 4J/g, according to ISO 11357 usefulness DSC methods when the second heating steps and with the integral measurement of melting peak.The example of amorphous polyamide is:
-derive from the polyamide of the isomer mixture of terephthalic acid (TPA) and/or M-phthalic acid and 2,2,4-and 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylenediamine,
-derive from the polyamide of M-phthalic acid and 1,6-hexamethylene diamine,
-derive from the copolyamide of the mixture of terephthalic acid/isophthalic acid and 1,6-hexamethylene diamine, choose wantonly with 4, in the mixture of 4 '-diamino dicyclohexyl methyl hydride,
-derive from terephthalic acid (TPA) and/or M-phthalic acid, 3,3 '-dimethyl-4, the copolyamide of 4 '-diamino-dicyclohexyl methane and lauric lactam or caprolactam,
-derive from 1,12-dodecanedioic acid or decanedioic acid, 3,3 '-dimethyl-4,4 '-diamino-dicyclohexyl methane and the lauric lactam of choosing wantonly or (being total to) polyamide of caprolactam,
-derive from M-phthalic acid, 4, the copolyamide of 4 '-diamino-dicyclohexyl methane and lauric lactam or caprolactam,
-derive from 1,12-dodecanedioic acid and 4, the polyamide of 4 '-diamino-dicyclohexyl methane (trans, in the low situation of transisomer ratio),
-derive from (being total to) polyamide of two (4-aminocyclohexyl) methane homologues that terephthalic acid (TPA) and/or M-phthalic acid and alkyl replace, choose wantonly with the mixture of hexamethylene diamine in,
-derive from the copolyamide of two (4-amino-3-methyl-5-ethyl cyclohexyl) methane and M-phthalic acid, wherein two (4-amino-3-methyl-5-ethyl cyclohexyl) methane are optional with another kind of diamines, M-phthalic acid is optional with another kind of dicarboxylic acids
-deriving from m-xylylenediamine and another kind of the diamines for example mixture of hexamethylene diamine and the copolyamide of M-phthalic acid, M-phthalic acid is optional with another kind of dicarboxylic acids for example terephthalic acid (TPA) and/or NDA,
-derive from the mixture of two (4-aminocyclohexyl) methane and two (4-amino-3-methylcyclohexyl) methane, and the copolyamide with aliphatic dicarboxylic acid of 8-14 carbon atom, and
-De is self-contained 1, the polyamide of the mixture of 14-tetracosandioic acid and aromatics, aliphatic series, araliphatic or alicyclic diamine or copolyamide.
These examples can be by adding in addition other composition (for example caprolactam, lauric lactam or diamines/dicarboxylic acids combination) or by with other component portion ground or fully replace initial composition and make its to a great extent change.
Polyether ester amides is for example known by DE-A-2523991 and DE-A-2712987; They comprise PTMEG as comonomer.Polyetheramides is known from for example DE-A-3006961; They comprise polyether diamine as comonomer.
In polyether Glycols or polyether diamine, polyether units for example can be based on 1,2-ethylene glycol, 1,2-PD, 1,3-PD, BDO or 1,3-BDO.This polyether units also can be mixed structure, for example has the unit that comes from dihydroxylic alcohols random or block distributed.The weight-average molar mass of polyether Glycols or polyether diamine is 200 to 5000g/mol and is preferably 400 to 3000g/mol; Its ratio in polyether ester amides or polyetheramides is preferably the 4-60 % by weight and is particularly preferably the 10-50 % by weight.The polyether diamine that is fit to can transform acquisition by reduction amination or by being coupled to the hydrogenization of following on the acrylonitrile subsequently by corresponding polyether Glycols; They are for example with Huntsman Corp.'s
Figure BSA00000818968900041
D-or ED-type or
Figure BSA00000818968900042
The form of type perhaps is obtained commercially with the form of the Polyetheramine D-series of BASF SE.If should use the polyetheramides of branching, also can use together the polyethers triamine with less amount, for example
Figure BSA00000818968900043
T-shaped.Each ether oxygen atom comprises polyether diamine or the polyethers triamine of average at least 2.3 carbon atoms in the preferred use chain.According to the present invention, because better hydrolytic stability preferred, polyethers acid amides.
Can comprise one of above-mentioned polyamide of mentioning or can comprise multiple as the above-mentioned polyamide of mentioning of mixture according to the moulding compound of a) layer.In addition, based on total polymer ratio meter of moulding compound, can comprise other thermoplastic of the highest 40 % by weight, for example the rubber of impulsive force modification.According to prior art, the rubber that may comprise preferably comprises functional group, with the compatibility of this functional group's acquisition with polyamide matrix.In addition, can comprise auxiliary agent and the additive, the especially light that are customarily used in polyamide-and/or heat stabilizer.Described reflective filler can be to have beguine according to any filler of the higher albedo of the albedo of thermoplastic component of a) layer; It is titanium dioxide (WO2011066595) especially.
According to b) the moulding compound of layer for example can comprise polyamide, polyolefin and/or polyester as thermoplastic.In addition, can comprise auxiliary agent and additive, especially light-and/or heat stabilizer, reflective filler for example glass fibre, wollastonite or mica of titanium dioxide and reinforced filling for example.
Be suitable for according to c) the moulding compound of layer identical with the moulding compound that is used for according to a) layer, and for filler, and be used for according to b) layer moulding compound identical.In addition, according to c) the layer moulding compound can be painted and/or have delustering agent.
In three layers embodiment, each rete has following thickness usually:
According to a) and c) the layer: 15 to 100 μ m and preferred 25 to 50 μ m;
According to b) the layer: 100 to 500 μ m and preferred 150 to 400 μ m.
In two-layer embodiment, the thickness of layer is usually as follows:
According to a) the layer: 15 to 100 μ m and preferred 25 to 50 μ m;
According to c) the layer: 100 to 500 μ m and preferred 150 to 400 μ m.
May be present in according to a) and b) layer and/or according to b) and c) layer between adhesion promoter layer be generally 3 to 40 μ m and preferred 5 to 25 μ m are thick.
Multilayer film used according to the invention can for example be produced by coextrusion or lamination according to the method for all prior aries.
Theme of the present invention also is that claimed film is as the purposes of the bonnet of photovoltaic module., will be combined with sealant by lamination for example or adhesion according to a) layer, solar cell is embedded in the sealing layer for this reason.Owing to according to the polyamide in layer a) or the ratio of polyamide elastomer, when lamination, obtain the good adhesion to sealant.Can use any material habitual according to prior art as sealant.
In addition, theme of the present invention is photovoltaic module, and it comprises the multilayer film as bonnet according to claim, wherein will be bonding with sealant according to layer a), and solar cell is embedded in the sealing layer.
The specific embodiment
Hereinafter, the present invention exemplarily is described.Produce following moulding compound for this reason; " part " is weight portion all the time:
Be used for outer field blend 1:
By means of double screw extruder (Coperion Werner﹠amp; Pfleiderer ZSK 25 WLE, 36L/D) under 220 ℃ barrel temperature with 79.25 parts
Figure BSA00000818968900051
L1901 nf (PA12), 0.5 part
Figure BSA00000818968900052
1098 (a kind of sterically hindered phenolic antioxidants), 0.2 part
Figure BSA00000818968900053
The titanium dioxide Sachtleben R 420 of 312 (ultra-violet absorbers) and 20 parts mixes.Make the extrudate cooling by means of water-bath, and shredded; Subsequently, in circulated air oven, under 80 ℃, with dry 12 hours of pellet.
Be used for outer field blend 2:
By means of double screw extruder (Coperion Werner﹠amp; Pfleiderer ZSK 25WLE, 36L/D) under 220 ℃ barrel temperature with 71.75 parts
Figure BSA00000818968900061
L1901nf, 7.5 parts polyether ester amides (by the dodecanedioic acid of the lauric lactam of 63.796 % by weight, 6.645 % by weight, the PTHF 1000 of 29.492 % by weight and the 50% hypophosphorous acid preparation of 0.067 % by weight), 0.5 part
Figure BSA00000818968900062
1098,0.2 part
Figure BSA00000818968900063
312 and 20 parts titanium dioxide Sachtleben R 420 mixes.Make the extrudate cooling by means of water-bath, and shredded; Subsequently, in circulated air oven, under 80 ℃, with dry 12 hours of pellet.
Be used for outer field blend 3:
By means of double screw extruder (Coperion Werner﹠amp; Pfleiderer ZSK 25WLE, 36L/D) under 220 ℃ barrel temperature with 64.25 parts
Figure BSA00000818968900064
L1901 nf, 15 parts with blend 2 in identical polyether ester amides, 0.5 part
Figure BSA00000818968900065
1098,0.2 part
Figure BSA00000818968900066
312 and 20 parts titanium dioxide Sachtleben R 420 mixes.Make the extrudate cooling by means of water-bath, and shredded; Subsequently, in circulated air oven, under 80 ℃, with dry 12 hours of pellet.
The blend 4 that is used for the intermediate layer:
By means of double screw extruder (Coperion Werner﹠amp; Pfleiderer ZSK 25WLE, 36L/D) under 200 ℃ barrel temperature with 50.6 parts
Figure BSA00000818968900067
L1901,26 parts MOPLEN HP552L (extrusion type HOPP), 20 parts kaolin TEC 110,3 parts
Figure BSA00000818968900068
FG1901 (the maleic anhydride modified styrene-ethylene/butylene of a kind of usefulness-block copolymer) and 0.4 part
Figure BSA00000818968900069
1098 mix.Make the extrudate cooling by means of water-bath, and shredded; Subsequently, in circulated air oven, under 80 ℃, with dry 12 hours of pellet.
Extruding of trilamellar membrane:
Under about 230 ℃ processing temperature, produce trilamellar membrane with the multilayer film equipment of Collin (wide seam nozzle 300mm, slit 0-6mm, be used for the coextrusion feed block of 3 layers or 5 tunics).The intermediate layer is set to 250 μ m, and skin is set to respectively 50 μ m.The result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1: embodiment
Figure BSA000008189689000610
Improved Pigments is so that improved reflectivity shows according to the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. comprise the film with lower floor:
A) derive from the first skin of moulding compound, described moulding compound comprises
I. the polyamide ratio of at least 35 % by weight and
The reflective proportion of filler of II.1-65 % by weight, and
C) derive from the second skin of moulding compound, described moulding compound has
I. the polyamide ratio of at least 35 % by weight and
The proportion of filler of II.1-65 % by weight,
Wherein, above-mentioned percentage data are in each case based on all moulding compound meters,
It is characterized in that,
Be used for according to the moulding compound of a) layer as polyamide component the polyamide elastomer that is selected from polyether ester amides and polyetheramides and/or be used for according to c) the moulding compound of layer so that according to the moulding compound of a) layer and/or according to c) the moulding compound of layer comprise the polyamide elastomer of 1-25 % by weight.
2. film according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that,
The moulding compound of the layer moulding compound and/or described according to c of described layer according to a)) comprises the polyamide elastomer of 2-20 % by weight.
3. according to the described film of aforementioned any one claim,
It is characterized in that,
Described polyamide elastomer is polyetheramides.
4. according to the described film of aforementioned any one claim,
It is characterized in that,
Following layer be present in according to a) and c) layer between:
B) derive from the intermediate layer of thermoplastic molding material.
5. film according to claim 4,
It is characterized in that,
According to a) and b) the layer between and/or be present in according to b) and c) the layer between have adhesion promoter layer.
6. according to claim 1 to 3 any one described film,
It is characterized in that,
According to a) and c) the layer directly accompany each other.
According to claim 4 with 5 in the described film of any one,
It is characterized in that,
-described according to a) and c) the layer have 15 to 100 μ m thickness and
-described according to b) layer have the thickness of 100 to 500 μ m.
According to claim 5 with 7 in the described film of any one,
It is characterized in that,
It is thick that described one or more layers adhesion promoter layer is respectively 3-40 μ m.
9. film according to claim 6,
It is characterized in that,
-described according to a) the layer have 15-100 μ m thickness and
-described according to c) layer have the thickness of 100-500 μ m.
10. according to the described film of aforementioned any one claim,
It is characterized in that,
Described reflective filler is titanium dioxide.
11. according to the purposes of the described film of aforementioned any one claim as the bonnet of photovoltaic module, wherein will be combined with the sealant that embeds therein solar cell according to a) layer.
12. photovoltaic module, it comprises according to claim 1-10 the described film as bonnet of any one, wherein will be combined with the sealant that embeds therein solar cell according to layer a).
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