CN103067065A - Method and system of 60 GHz beam forming based on double-layer circular array - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system of 60 GHz beam forming based on a double-layer circular array. The method of the beam forming comprises codebook designing and training steps. All Quasi-omni modes are obtained by carrying out Quasi-omni codebook designing. An optimum Quasi-omni pair is obtained by matching one by one. Sector codebook designing and corresponding training steps are carried out in the range of the optimum Quasi-omni pair to obtain an optimum Sector pair. Sector codebook designing and corresponding training steps are carried out in the range of the optimum Sector pair to obtain an optimum Beam pair. The three modes are enabled to generate corresponding codebooks, an antenna pattern is enabled to be same in sizes, even in distribution, clear in directing, and an antenna beam with high precision, high gain and small gain loss is searched in a short time, the robustness of relevant phase shifting errors of the circular array codebooks is strong, and the system is stable.

Description

60GHz beam form-endowing method and system based on the double-layer circular antenna array

Technical field

The present invention relates to communication technical field, relate in particular to 60GHz beam form-endowing method and system based on the double-layer circular antenna array.

Background technology

2003, IEEE issue new standard IEEE 802.15.3, " the wireless medium access of WPAN draws (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) standard ", this standard proposes to realize the wireless communication system of gigabit speed rates first in short-range.In order to reach the transmission rate above 5Gbps in the 60GHz frequency range, IEEE 802.15.3c standard in 2009 has been done further to replenish to IEEE 802.15.3 standard and has been improved explanation, in the standard three kinds of physical layer modes are defined explanation, and defined a kind of brand-new wave beam forming agreement, its objective is the transmission range of increase system.

60GHz millimeter wave short-distance wireless communication technology highlights great potential today in short supply at frequency spectrum resource.60GHz millimeter wave band is roomy, and flexibility is strong, yet the ultimate challenge that it faces is too high path loss.For compensate for losses and decay, wave beam forming becomes an important research field of 60GHz millimeter wave.

Wave beam forming agreement in the IEEE 802.15.3c standard is used widely at present, and the code book of wave beam forming protocol definition has following characteristics in the IEEE 802.15.3c standard:

1. the code book design is based on the phase modulation aerial array, and each row is weight vector, corresponding actual beam;

2. only adopt phase-modulation, without amplitude modulation(PAM), reduced the power consumption of 60GHz radio band electronic device;

3. the wave beam of code book design is symmetrical in 360 degree planar range, and purpose is to reduce as far as possible that wave beam moves the gain loss that causes under the different frequency range;

Wave beam forming comprises two parts: code book design and training step, code book refer to a series of fixing wave beam forming vectors that define in advance, and each row of codebook matrix are antenna weight vector, represent a wave beam; Training step refers to find out the search procedure of optimum beam.

The expression formula of 3c wave beam code book is:

$W_{m,k}=j^{\mathrm{floor}\left(\frac{m\×\mathrm{mod}(k+K/2),K}{K/4}\right)}$

m=0,1,2,…M-1；k=0,1,2,…K-1

Wherein m is the line number of matrix, also can be regarded as the numbering to antenna element; K is the matrix column numbering, also can be regarded as the numbering to wave beam, and M is the antenna element number, and K is number of beams.The floor function representation is got and is less than or equal to the maximum integer of specifying expression formula in the bracket.Mod represents modulo operation function, mod(X, Y) be that X is divided by the remainder of Y gained.

One dimension antenna array array factor expression formula can be write as:

$A_k\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\underset{m=0}{\overset{M-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{W}_{m,\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="k\; e\; j"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">k</figure-callout>}}{e}^j{2\mathrm{\&pi;m}\frac{d}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}\cos \mathrm{\&theta;}}^{}$

Wherein k represents wave beam numbering, A _k(θ) k array factor that wave beam is corresponding of expression.For the squaerial array, array factor can be torn the product of being write as x direction of principal axis and y direction of principal axis one dimension antenna array array factor open, so the 3c standard is main around the expansion of one dimension antenna array to definition and the application of code book.

Defined three kinds of patterns (Pattern) of wave beam forming in the 3c standard, be respectively: Quasi-omni pattern, Sector pattern and Beam pattern, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 1A represents the Quasi-omni pattern, and Figure 1B represents the Sector pattern, and Fig. 1 C represents the Beam pattern.Quasi-omni pattern rank is minimum in three kinds of patterns, and covering scope is the widest, and Beam pattern rank is the highest, and scope is minimum.A Quasi-omni pattern comprises a plurality of Sector, can comprise a plurality of Beam in the Sector.The zones of different of each pattern allows overlapped from 0 open numbering between the zone of the different sequence numbers of same pattern.

Corresponding three kinds of patterns, the project training step in the 3c standard was divided into for three steps: the search of Quasi-omni rank, the search of Sector rank and the search of Beam rank.

Phase I (search of Quasi-omni rank): transmit leg matches all Quasi-omni and all Quasi-omni of recipient one by one and carries out transfer of data, the recipient carries out record with all matching methods and corresponding characteristic of channel parameter S NR value, all after the end of transmission, the recipient chooses maximum SNR value, the matching method of correspondence is fed back to transmit leg, so far the phase I finishes, and has found best Q uasi-omni to (i.e. the best Quasi-omni of transmission and reception Quasi-omni).

Second stage (search of Sector rank): in the right scope of the best Q uasi-omni that draws in the phase I, with all transmission Sector with receive Sector and match one by one and carry out transfer of data, found best Sector to (i.e. the best Sector of transmission and reception Sector).

Phase III (search of Beam rank): in the right scope of best Sector that second stage draws, with all transmission Beam with receive Beam and match one by one and carry out transfer of data, found best Beam to (i.e. the best Beam of transmission and reception Beam).

Be divided into three steps among Fig. 2, need altogether 1 * 2+2 * 2+3 * 3=15 training, need 6 * 12=72 time training if directly enumerate one by one the pairing screening in all Beam, by contrast, the training step of 3c agreement proposition can make the training time reduction.

In sum, there is following defective in the prior art in the process of realization one-dimensional array antenna:

1. owing to the characteristic limitations of one dimension aerial array, nearly all wave beam has two main lobe directions, except desired orientation is also pointed to an interference radiating way;

2. only have the Beam pattern to have corresponding code book in three kinds of patterns;

3. the longitudinal axis of three-dimensional antenna directional diagram covers still defectiveness, and some wave beam is dispersed along the z direction of principal axis, points to indefinite;

4. because the gain loss that the code book restriction produces is larger;

Training time also larger, still have larger reduction space, and then raising speed.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem that (one) will solve

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for defects, how to be code book corresponding to each beam-forming mode design, and then to improve a plurality of directions of beam position of 3c code book, point to indefinite problem, further reduce gain loss and wave beam training time simultaneously.

(2) technical scheme

For addressing the above problem, the invention provides the 60GHz beam form-endowing method based on the double-layer circular antenna array, described double-layer circular antenna array comprises inner ring antenna array and outer ring antenna array, described beam form-endowing method comprises code book design and training step, specifically comprises:

S1: according to circular array array factor expression formula $A\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\underset{m=0}{\overset{M-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{W}_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="m\; e\; j"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}}{e}^j{\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_1\cos (\mathrm{\&theta;}-\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;m}}{M})}^{}$ Or $A\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\underset{n=0}{\overset{N-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{W}_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="n\; e\; j"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}{e}^j{\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_2\cos (\mathrm{\&theta;}-\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;n}}{N})}^{}$

With one of the antenna weight vector loopy moving of described circular array, the directional diagram of wave beam rotates 2 π/M or 2 π/N angle, and shape invariance, wherein M is the inner ring antenna element number that comprises in the described inner ring antenna array, m is the antenna element numbering of described inner ring antenna array, and N is the antenna element number of described outer ring antenna array, and n is the antenna element numbering of described outer ring antenna array, λ is wavelength, r ₁Be the radius of described inner ring antenna array, and r ₁=λ/2, r ₂Be the radius of described outer ring antenna array, and r ₂/ λ=N/16;

S2: close described outer ring antenna array, open described inner ring antenna array, utilize formula

Carry out the design of Quasi-omni code book and obtain two kinds of Quasi-omni patterns, wherein m is the antenna element numbering of described inner ring antenna array, and the span of m is 0,1 ... M-1, and M=8, k are Quasi-omni pattern numbering, and value is 0 and 1;

The all reception Quasi-omni of the transmission Quasi-omni that transmit leg is all and recipient match one by one and carry out transfer of data, obtain the maximum transmission Quasi-omni of SNR value and be the best Quasi-omni of transmission, corresponding reception Quasi-omni is optimum reception Quasi-omni, and the described best Quasi-omni of transmission and described optimum reception Quasi-omni form uasi-omni pair of best Q;

S3: according to formula

$W_{m,k}=e^{-\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="j"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">j</figure-callout>}\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_1\cos \left(\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}\&times;\mathrm{mod}(m-k,M)}{M}\right)}$

Carry out the design of Sector code book and cooperate corresponding training step, obtain best Sector pair, wherein m is the antenna element numbering of described inner ring antenna array, and the span of m is 0,1 ... M-1, M is described inner ring antenna element number, k is Sector pattern numbering, and the span of k is 0,1 ... K-1, K is the Sector number, and K=M=8;

S4: close described inner ring antenna array, open described outer ring antenna array, described best Sector to scope in according to formula

$W_{n,i}=e^{-\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="j"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">j</figure-callout>}\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_2\cos \left(\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}\&times;\mathrm{mod}(n-i,N}{N}\right)}$

Carry out the design of Beam code book and cooperate corresponding training step, obtain best Beam pair, wherein the value of N is 8 integral multiple, and N＞8, n is the antenna element numbering of described outer ring antenna array, the n span is 0,1 ... N-1, i are Beam pattern numbering, the span of i is 0,1 ... I-1, I are number of beams, and I=N.

For addressing the above problem, the present invention also provides the 60GHz beam-forming system based on the double-layer circular antenna array, and described system comprises:

The circular antenna array factor unit is according to circular array array factor expression formula $A\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\underset{m=0}{\overset{M-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{W}_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="m\; e\; j"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}}{e}^j{\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_1\cos (\mathrm{\&theta;}-\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;m}}{M})}^{}$ Or $A\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\underset{n=0}{\overset{N-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{W}_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="n\; e\; j"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}{e}^j{\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_2\cos (\mathrm{\&theta;}-\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;n}}{N})}^{}$ With one of the antenna weight vector loopy moving of described circular array, the directional diagram of wave beam rotates 2 π/M or 2 π/N angle, and shape invariance, wherein M is the inner ring antenna element number that comprises in the described inner ring antenna array, m is the antenna element numbering of described inner ring antenna array, and N is the antenna element number of described outer ring antenna array, and n is the antenna element numbering of described outer ring antenna array, λ is wavelength, r ₁Be the radius of described inner ring antenna array, and r ₁=λ/2, r ₂Be the radius of described outer ring antenna array, and r ₂/ λ=N/16;

Quasi-omni code book design cell when closing described outer ring antenna array, utilizes formula when opening described inner ring antenna array

Carry out the design of Quasi-omni code book and obtain two kinds of Quasi-omni patterns, wherein m is the antenna element numbering of described inner ring antenna array, and the span of m is 0,1 ... M-1, and M=8, k are Quasi-omni pattern numbering, and value is 0 and 1;

The all reception Quasi-omni of the transmission Quasi-omni that transmit leg is all and recipient match one by one and carry out transfer of data, obtain the maximum transmission Quasi-omni of SNR value and be the best Quasi-omni of transmission, corresponding reception Quasi-omni is optimum reception Quasi-omni, and the described best Quasi-omni of transmission and described optimum reception Quasi-omni form uasi-omni pair of best Q;

Sector code book design cell is according to formula

$W_{m,k}=e^{-\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="j"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">j</figure-callout>}\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_1\cos \left(\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}\&times;\mathrm{mod}(m-k,M)}{M}\right)}$

Carry out the design of Sector code book and cooperate corresponding training step, obtain best Sector pair, wherein m is the antenna element numbering of described inner ring antenna array, and the span of m is 0,1 ... M-1, M is described inner ring antenna element number, k is Sector pattern numbering, and the span of k is 0,1 ... K-1, K is the Sector number, and K=M=8;

Beam code book design cell, described best Sector to scope in according to formula

$W_{n,i}=e^{-\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="j"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">j</figure-callout>}\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_2\cos \left(\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}\&times;\mathrm{mod}(n-i,N}{N}\right)}$

Carry out the design of Beam code book and cooperate corresponding training step, obtain best Beam pair, wherein the value of N is 8 integral multiple, and N＞8, n is described numbering, and the n span is 0,1 ... N-1, i are described numbering, the span of i is 0,1 ... I-1, I are number of beams, and I=N.

(3) beneficial effect

The present invention proposes 60GHz beam form-endowing method and system based on the double-layer circular antenna array, find all Quasi-omni by carrying out the design of Quasi-omni code book, pairing obtains best Q uasi-omni pair one by one; Carry out Sector code book design and corresponding training step obtains best Sector pair at best Q uasi-omni to interior; Carry out Sector code book design and corresponding training step obtains best Beam pair at best Sector to interior, so that three kinds of patterns all produce corresponding code book, in realizing antenna pattern the wave beam in the same size, be evenly distributed and point to clear and definite in, reach the purpose of the antenna beam that searches high accuracy, high-gain, less gain loss in the short time, and circular array is stronger, more stable about the robustness of phase shift mistake.Because take a phase modulation when producing antenna weight vector, the mode of not amplitude modulation can also reduce the radio-frequency devices complexity.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is Quasi-omni pattern, Sector pattern and three kinds of pattern diagram of Beam pattern of wave beam forming in the IEEE 802.15.3c standard;

Fig. 2 is 3c training step schematic diagram;

Fig. 3 be in the embodiment of the invention one based on Quasi-omni mode code the design schematic diagram in the 60GHz beam form-endowing method of double-layer circular antenna array;

Fig. 4 be in the embodiment of the invention one based on Sector mode code the design schematic diagram in the 60GHz beam form-endowing method of double-layer circular antenna array;

Fig. 5 be in the embodiment of the invention one based on Beam mode code the design schematic diagram in the 60GHz beam form-endowing method of double-layer circular antenna array;

Fig. 6 be in the inventive embodiments one based on training step schematic flow sheet in the 60GHz beam form-endowing method of double-layer circular antenna array;

Fig. 7 is the schematic flow sheet based on training step S3 in the 60GHz beam form-endowing method of double-layer circular antenna array in the embodiment of the invention one;

Fig. 8 is the schematic flow sheet based on training step S4 in the 60GHz beam form-endowing method of double-layer circular antenna array in this embodiment of the invention one;

Fig. 9 is that the circular array code book compares schematic diagram with corresponding x-y plane graph and the 3 D stereo directional diagram of 3c code book in the embodiment of the invention one;

Figure 10 is circular array code book and 3c code book directivity of antenna comparison schematic diagram in the embodiment of the invention one;

Figure 11 is circular array code book and 3c code book gain loss comparison schematic diagram in the embodiment of the invention one;

Figure 12 is the cumulative distribution table contrast schematic diagram of the gain loss that produces at MRA of the phase shift mistake of circular array code book and 3c code book in the embodiment of the invention one;

Figure 13 is circular array code book and 3c code book training time contrast schematic diagram in the embodiment of the invention one;

Figure 14 is that the 60GHz beam-forming system based on the double-layer circular antenna array forms schematic diagram in the embodiment of the invention two;

Figure 15 is the composition schematic diagram of Sector code book design cell in the embodiment of the invention two;

Figure 16 is the composition schematic diagram of Beam code book design cell in the embodiment of the invention two.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used for explanation the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.

Embodiment one

In order to address the above problem, the 60GHz beam form-endowing method based on the double-layer circular antenna array is provided among the embodiment one, wherein the beam form-endowing method of circular array comprises: code book design and training step.

In the present embodiment, inner ring number of antenna elements M=8, the radius of inner ring antenna array and the pass of wavelength are r ₁=λ/2=2.5mm; Outer ring number of antenna elements N is 8 integral multiple (greater than 8), and the radius of outer ring antenna array and the pass of wavelength are r ₂/ λ=N/16, the outer ring antenna amount elects 16 as.

(1) code book design

The circular array wave beam forming code book that the present invention proposes corresponding three kinds of patterns, i.e. Quasi-omni pattern, Sector pattern and Beam pattern.

Below the design of three kinds of code books all be based on the circular array array factor $A\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\underset{m=0}{\overset{M-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{W}_m{e}^{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="j"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">j</figure-callout>}\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_1\cos (\mathrm{\&theta;}-\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;m}}{M})}$ Or $A\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\underset{n=0}{\overset{N-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{W}_n{e}^{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="j"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">j</figure-callout>}\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_2\cos (\mathrm{\&theta;}-\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;n}}{N})}$

Obtain various patterns, wherein Quasi-omni mode code the design and Sector mode code the design utilize the inner ring antenna to search for, so utilize previous formula; Beam mode code the design utilizes the outer ring antenna to search for, so utilize a rear formula.

The first step: Quasi-omni mode code the design, expression formula is

m=0,1,2,...,7；k=0,1

Quasi-omni mode code the design schematic diagram as shown in Figure 3.

Second step: Sector mode code the design, expression formula is

$W_{m,k}=e^{-\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="j"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">j</figure-callout>}\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_1\cos \left(\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}\&times;\mathrm{mod}(m-k,8)}{8}\right)}$

m=0,1,2,...,7；k=,1,2,...,7

Sector mode code the design schematic diagram as shown in Figure 4.

The 3rd step: mode code the design, expression formula is

$W_{n,i}=e^{-\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="j"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">j</figure-callout>}\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_2\cos \left(\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}\&times;\mathrm{mod}(n-i,16}{16}\right)}$

N, i are antenna element numbering and the Beam pattern numbering of circular array, and the antenna element number of outer ring antenna array is 16, thus n=0,1 ... 15; I=0,1 ... 15.

Beam mode code the design schematic diagram as shown in Figure 5, Fig. 5 A is that the outer ring antenna element is Beam mode code the design schematic diagram of 16 o'clock, Fig. 5 B is that the outer ring antenna element is Beam mode code the design schematic diagram of 32 o'clock, Fig. 5 C is that the outer ring antenna element is Beam mode code the design schematic diagram of 64 o'clock, Fig. 5 D is that the outer ring antenna element is Beam mode code the design schematic diagram of 128 o'clock, and Fig. 5 E is that the outer ring antenna element is Beam mode code the design schematic diagram of 256 o'clock.

Wherein the first step is the search of Quasi-omni level, and second step is the search of Sector level, and the first step and second step all are coarse searches, and open the inner ring antenna array this moment, closes the outer ring antenna array;

The 3rd step was the search of Beam level, and the search of Beam level is fine searching, and open the outer ring antenna array this moment, closes the inner ring antenna array.

(2) idiographic flow of training step comprises as shown in Figure 6:

Step S1: according to circular array array factor expression formula $A\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\underset{m=0}{\overset{M-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{W}_m{e}^{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="j"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">j</figure-callout>}\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_1\cos (\mathrm{\&theta;}-\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;m}}{M})}$ Or $A\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\underset{n=0}{\overset{N-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{W}_n{e}^{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="j"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">j</figure-callout>}\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_2\cos (\mathrm{\&theta;}-\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;n}}{N})}$

With one of the antenna weight vector loopy moving of circular array, M wherein is number of antenna elements, for inner ring antenna M=8, the directional diagram of wave beam rotates 2 π/M=2 π/8=π/4, for outer ring antenna N=16, the directional diagram of wave beam rotates 2 π/N=2 π/16=π/8, and shape invariance, circular array has good revolving property, is based on all in step S2, S3 and S4 that the array factor of circular array obtains.

S2: close the outer ring antenna array, open the inner ring antenna array, utilize formula

Carry out the design of Quasi-omni code book and obtain two kinds of Quasi-omni patterns, wherein m is the antenna element numbering of inner ring antenna array, and the span of m is 0,1 ... M-1, and M=8, k are Quasi-omni pattern numbering, value be 0 and 1, λ be wavelength, r ₁Be the radius of inner ring antenna array, and r ₁=λ/2;

The all reception Quasi-omni of the transmission Quasi-omni that transmit leg is all and recipient match one by one and carry out transfer of data, obtain the maximum transmission Quasi-omni of SNR value and be the best Quasi-omni of transmission, corresponding reception Quasi-omni is optimum reception Quasi-omni, and the best Quasi-omni of transmission and optimum reception Quasi-omni form uasi-omni pair of best Q.

S3: according to formula

$W_{m,k}=e^{-\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="j"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">j</figure-callout>}\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_1\cos \left(\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}\&times;\mathrm{mod}(m-k,M)}{M}\right)}$

Carry out the design of Sector code book and obtain 8 Sector, shown in Fig. 4 A, cooperate corresponding training step finally to obtain best Sector pair, wherein the span of k is 0,1 at this moment ... 7.

Suppose that it is Quasi-omni 0 pattern that the best that obtains among the step S3 sends Quasi-omni, optimum reception Quasi-omni is Quasi-omni 1 pattern, and the specific implementation flow chart of step S3 specifically comprises as shown in Figure 7:

S31: the recipient keeps Quasi-omni 1 pattern constant, transmit leg will be corresponding with the Quasi-omni0 model shape four kinds sends Sector(shown in Fig. 4 B) match one by one with Quasi-omni 1 and carry out transfer of data, therefrom selecting the transmission Sector corresponding with maximum S/N R value is the best transmission Sector.

S32: transmit leg keeps the best Sector of transmission constant, recipient will be corresponding with Quasi-omni 1 shape four kinds receives Sector(shown in Fig. 4 C) match one by one with the best Sector of transmission and carry out transfer of data, therefrom selecting the reception Sector corresponding with maximum S/N R value is optimum reception Sector, and best transmission Sector and optimum reception Sector form best Sector pair.

S4: close the inner ring antenna array, open the outer ring antenna array, best Sector to scope in according to formula

$W_{n,i}=e^{-\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="j"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">j</figure-callout>}\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_2\cos \left(\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}\&times;\mathrm{mod}(n-i,N}{N}\right)}$

Carry out the design of Beam code book and cooperate corresponding training step, obtain best Beam pair.

Wherein the value of N is 8 integral multiple, and N＞8, and n is the antenna element numbering of outer ring antenna array, and the n span is 0,1 ... N-1, i are Beam pattern numbering, and the span of i is 0,1 ... I-1, I are number of beams, and I=N.λ is wavelength, r ₂Be the radius of outer ring antenna array, and r ₂/ λ=N/16.

Wherein the particular flow sheet of step S4 specifically comprises as shown in Figure 8:

S41: it is constant that the recipient holds optimum reception Sector, and transmit leg is closed the inner ring antenna array, opens the outer ring antenna array, and sending the interior number of best Sector scope is Num _BBeam and one by one pairing, selecting the transmission Beam corresponding with maximum S/N R value is the best transmission Beam.

Wherein choose and send the Beam number ${\mathrm{Num}}_B=2^{\mathrm{round}\left({\log }_{2}N\right)-3}+1,$ The integer value of round () for rounding up, N is the number 16 of outer ring antenna element.

The value of outer ring antenna amount is except getting 16 in the present embodiment, and N also can get other greater than 8 and be the numerical value of 8 integral multiple, and table 1 has listed several Beam quantity Choices in typical case.

Several typical Beam numbers of table 1 come the Choice table

The outer ring antenna amount	16	32	64	128	256
						The Beam quantity of choosing	3	5	9	17	33

S42: transmit leg keeps the best Beam of transmission constant, and the recipient closes the inner ring antenna array, opens the outer ring antenna array, is Num with number _BBeam received beam and one by one pairing, selecting the reception Beam corresponding with maximum S/N R value is optimum reception Beam, the best transmission Beam and optimum reception Beam form best Beam pair.In the wave beam that each group is chosen, the MRA direction of center Beam is consistent with the MRA direction of best Sector, and the MRA that supposes best Sector is x axle positive axis, and the Beam selection rule is as shown in Figure 5, and is specific as follows:

When the outer ring number of antenna elements was 16, selecting the quantity of Beam was 3, shown in Fig. 5 A; When the outer ring number of antenna elements was 32, selecting the quantity of Beam was 5, shown in Fig. 5 B; When the outer ring number of antenna elements was 64, selecting the quantity of Beam was 9,, shown in Fig. 5 C; When the outer ring number of antenna elements was 128, selecting the quantity of Beam was 17, shown in Fig. 5 D; When the outer ring number of antenna elements was 256, selecting the quantity of Beam was 33, shown in Fig. 5 E ... by that analogy.

If get the communication frequency f=60GHz of antenna, wavelength X=c/f=5mm, inner ring antenna amount M=8, in the double-layer circular antenna array structure of outer ring antenna amount N=16, the performances such as three-dimensional figure, directivity of antenna, gain loss, robustness are analyzed, circular array and IEEE 802.15.3c standard are compared one by one.

1. three-dimensional figure

Three-dimensional figure contrasts as shown in Figure 9, and Fig. 9 A represents 3 D stereo directional diagram and the corresponding x-y plane graph example of circular array code book, and Fig. 9 B represents three-dimensional figure and the corresponding x-y plane graph example of 3c code book.Because circular antenna has revolving property, namely when one of antenna weight vector loopy moving, the beam pattern shape invariance is that angle is rotated 2 π/M.

Therefore, the three-dimensional figure of 3c code book stretches along a plurality of directions of Y, and wave beam dispersions that become pointed to indefinitely, and the covering of the three-dimensional figure longitudinal axis of circular array code book is very good, is equivalent to 2 d plane picture is directly carried out longitudinal stretching along the z axle.

2. directivity of antenna

The power density that directivity of antenna is defined as intense radiation direction and the ratio of the desirable omnidirectional antenna of the same gross power of radiation in the power density of this point.Directivity of antenna has been weighed the sharp-pointed degree of antenna pattern, and the main lobe width of directional diagram is narrower usually, and directivity factor is larger, and directivity is stronger.The expression formula of directivity of antenna D is:

$D=\frac{{\max }_{\mathrm{\&theta;}}{\left|A\right|\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)}^2}{w^H\mathrm{\&Omega;w}}$

Wherein A (θ) is the aerial array factor,

Be illustrated in array factor on the intense radiation direction square,

Be the hermitian transposition of antenna weight vector, the definition of matrix Ω is relevant with the aerial array form.

Antenna gain (being also referred to as the antenna maximum gain factor) G can be expressed as:

G=eD,e∈[0,1]

Wherein, e represents antenna efficiency, can be regarded as constant, usually gets e=1 in the theory analysis, so the directivity factor of antenna can directly be used for reflecting the gain of antenna.In order more fully to compare, antenna amount N is chosen a plurality of value calculated direction property coefficients herein.

Directivity of antenna compares schematic diagram as shown in figure 10, because the beam shape of 3c code book is different, so directivity factor is thereupon different; Fixedly the time, all beam shapes are identical in number of antenna elements for the circular array code book, and directivity factor is constant.

Can find out that the Dmax of circular array code book is between the maximum and minimum value of 3c code book Dmax, the two gain is all comparatively considerable.

3. gain loss

Because the number of beams of antenna codebook design is limited, can not all reach maximum gain in all directions.The most weak radiation direction (normally two wave beam intersections) is compared generation with intense radiation direction gain loss figure as shown in figure 11, obviously the gain loss than 3c code book is little for the gain loss of visible circular array code book.

4. robustness

In circular array code book design of the present invention, the antenna weight coefficient does not have the amplitude modulation operation, only carries out phase-modulation, and the radio frequency phase modulation is more difficult than base band phase modulation, because the gain loss that the phase shift mistake causes is the major criterion that system robustness is analyzed.

The phase shift mistake is relevant with absolute phase, and for each phase place, its issuable phase shift mistake and absolute phase are proportional.Suppose phase shift mistake err Gaussian distributed, average is 0, and standard deviation (std) gets 0.1 and 0.2 two kind of situation, and the phase shift mistake is directly proportional with absolute phase.Through the phase theta that obtains after the phase shift mistake ₁With correct absolute phase θ ₀Relational expression be:

θ ₁=(1+err)θ ₀

Because phase shift mistake, antenna pattern can have with the directional diagram of correct phase modulation certain deviation, array factor greatest irradiation direction was main direction (MRA) when the title phase modulation was correct, Figure 12 has shown because the cumulative distribution table of the gain loss that the phase shift mistake produces at MRA, Figure 12 A is that the outer ring antenna element is the cumulative distribution table of 16 o'clock gain loss, and Figure 12 B is that the outer ring antenna element is the cumulative distribution table of 32 o'clock gain loss.

As seen the cumulative distribution table of circular array code book is faster than the convergence of 3c code book, works as N=16, and during std=0.1, the gain loss of 3c code book is in 0.4dB, and the gain loss of circular array code book can guarantee in 0.2dB.Along with the increase of outer ring number of antenna elements N, the gain loss of two kinds of code books all reduces.When the probability that reaches 100%, the circular array code book is because the gain loss that the phase shift mistake causes is less than 3c code book, and robustness is stronger.

5. training time

The training step of 3c code book and circular array code book is divided into three phases, and the two used training time (frequency of training) is shown in Figure 13 and table 2.

Table 2 training time contrast table

The outer ring antenna amount	16	32	64	128	256
						The 3c code book shortest time	24	36	48	96	144
Fine searching circle this shortest time of horizontal and vertical parity check code	18	22	30	46	78
						Coarse search circle this shortest time of horizontal and vertical parity check code	12	12	12	12	12

Supposing the system is symmetrical system, transmit leg and recipient's antenna amount and pattern quantity homogeneous phase at different levels are together, the used time of thickness search that has shown 3c code book and circular array code book among table 2 and Figure 13, because the 3c code book is not stipulated the number of three kinds of patterns, suppose that number of antennas equals the wave beam number, calculate the Short Training time of 3c in every kind of situation.Can find out that by time contrast among Figure 13 the coarse search stage of circular array code book only needs 12 training just can reach 45 degree with interior accuracy.When taking thin wave beam search, accuracy and antenna gain are strengthened, and the training time is longer than the coarse search time, are approximately half of 3c training shortest time.

To sum up, the 60GHz beam form-endowing method based on the double-layer circular antenna array that provides among the application of the invention embodiment one has been realized following beneficial effect: by closing the outer ring antenna array, open the inner ring antenna array, carry out the design of Quasi-omni code book and obtain two kinds of Quasi-omni patterns, the all reception Quasi-omni of the transmission Quasi-omni that transmit leg is all and recipient match one by one and carry out transfer of data, obtain the maximum transmission Quasi-omni of SNR value and be the best Quasi-omni of transmission, receiving Quasi-omni is optimum reception Quasi-omni, and the best Quasi-omni of transmission and optimum reception Quasi-omni form uasi-omni pair of best Q; Carry out the design of Sector code book and cooperate corresponding training step, obtain best Sector pair; Carry out the design of Beam code book in to scope and cooperate corresponding training step at best Sector, obtain best Beam pair, so that three kinds of patterns all produce corresponding code book, in realizing antenna pattern the wave beam in the same size, be evenly distributed and point to clear and definite in, reach the purpose of the antenna beam that searches high accuracy, high-gain, less gain loss in the short time, and circular array is stronger, more stable about the robustness of phase shift mistake.Because take a phase modulation when producing antenna weight vector, the mode of not amplitude modulation can also reduce the radio-frequency devices complexity.

Embodiment two

For achieving the above object, the 60GHz beam-forming system based on the double-layer circular antenna array also is provided in the embodiments of the invention two, as shown in figure 14, system comprises:

Circular antenna array factor unit 1401, Quasi-omni code book design cell 1402, Sector code book design cell 1403 and Beam code book design cell 1404.

Circular antenna array factor unit 1401 is according to circular array array factor expression formula $A\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\underset{m=0}{\overset{M-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{W}_m{e}^{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="j"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">j</figure-callout>}\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_1\cos (\mathrm{\&theta;}-\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;m}}{M})}$ Or $A\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\underset{n=0}{\overset{N-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{W}_n{e}^{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="j"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">j</figure-callout>}\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_2\cos (\mathrm{\&theta;}-\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;n}}{N})}$

With one of the antenna weight vector loopy moving of circular array, the directional diagram of wave beam rotates 2 π/M or 2 π/N angle, and shape invariance, wherein M is the inner ring antenna element number that comprises in the inner ring antenna array, m is the antenna element numbering of inner ring antenna array, and N is the antenna element number of outer ring antenna array, and n is the antenna element numbering of outer ring antenna array, λ is wavelength, r ₁Be the radius of inner ring antenna array, and r ₁=λ/2, r ₂Be the radius of outer ring antenna array, and r ₂/ λ=N/16.

With M=8, the antenna during N=16 designs in the present embodiment.

Quasi-omni code book design cell 1402 when closing the outer ring antenna array, utilizes formula when opening the inner ring antenna array

Carry out the design of Quasi-omni code book and obtain two kinds of Quasi-omni patterns, wherein m is the antenna element numbering of inner ring antenna array, and the span of m is 0,1 ... M-1, and M=8, k are Quasi-omni pattern numbering, value be 0 and 1, λ be wavelength, r ₁Be the radius of inner ring antenna array, and r ₁=λ/2;

The all reception Quasi-omni of the transmission Quasi-omni that transmit leg is all and recipient match one by one and carry out transfer of data, obtain the maximum transmission Quasi-omni of SNR value and be the best Quasi-omni of transmission, corresponding reception Quasi-omni is optimum reception Quasi-omni, and the best Quasi-omni of transmission and optimum reception Quasi-omni form uasi-omni pair of best Q.

Sector code book design cell 1403 is according to formula

$W_{m,k}=e^{-\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="j"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">j</figure-callout>}\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_1\cos \left(\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}\&times;\mathrm{mod}(m-k,M)}{M}\right)}$

Carry out the design of Sector code book and cooperate corresponding training step, obtain best Sector pair, wherein m is the antenna element numbering of inner ring antenna array, and M is inner ring antenna element number, and k is Sector pattern numbering, and the span of m and k is 0,1 ... 7.

Concrete, Sector code book design cell 1403 comprises:

The best Sector acquiring unit 14031 that sends, the recipient keeps optimum reception Quasi-omni constant, transmit leg will send the corresponding transmission Sector of Quasi-omni shape and optimum reception Quasi-omni with the best and match one by one and carry out transfer of data, and selecting the transmission Sector corresponding with maximum S/N R value is the best Sector of transmission;

Optimum reception Sector acquiring unit 14032, transmit leg keeps the best Sector of transmission constant, the recipient will be corresponding with optimum reception Quasi-omni shape reception Sector match one by one and carry out transfer of data with the best Sector that sends, selecting the reception Sector corresponding with maximum S/N R value is optimum reception Sector, and best transmission Sector and optimum reception Sector form best Sector pair.

Beam code book design cell 1404, best Sector to scope in according to formula

$W_{n,i}=e^{-\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="j"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">j</figure-callout>}\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00002618625100021.png,HDA00002618625100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}_2\cos \left(\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}\&times;\mathrm{mod}(n-i,N}{N}\right)}$

Carry out the design of Beam code book and cooperate corresponding training step, obtain best Beam pair, wherein N is the antenna element number of outer ring antenna array, the value of N is 8 integral multiple, and N＞8, numbering, the n span is 0,1 ... N-1, i be number, the span of i is 0,1 ... I-1, I are number of beams, and I=N, λ is wavelength, r ₂Be the radius of outer ring antenna array, and r ₂/ λ=N/16.

Concrete, Beam code book design cell 1404 comprises:

The best Beam acquiring unit 14041 that sends, the recipient keeps optimum reception Sector constant, and transmit leg is closed the inner ring antenna array, opens the outer ring antenna array, and sending the interior number of best Sector scope is Num _BBeam and one by one pairing, selecting the transmission Beam corresponding with maximum S/N R value is the best transmission Beam, wherein ${\mathrm{Num}}_B=2^{\mathrm{round}\left({\log }_{2}N\right)-3}+1,$ Num _BFor choosing the number of the Beam that sends or receive, round () is the integer value that rounds up, and N is the number 16 of outer ring antenna element.

Optimum reception Beam acquiring unit 14042, transmit leg keep the best Beam of transmission constant, and the recipient closes the inner ring antenna array, opens the outer ring antenna array, is Num with number _BBeam received beam and one by one pairing, selecting the reception Beam corresponding with maximum S/N R value is optimum reception Beam, the best transmission Beam and optimum reception Beam form best Beam pair.

The 60GHz beam-forming system based on the double-layer circular antenna array that provides among the application of the invention embodiment two has been realized following beneficial effect: by closing the outer ring antenna array, open the inner ring antenna array, carry out the design of Quasi-omni code book and obtain two kinds of Quasi-omni patterns, the all reception Quasi-omni of the transmission Quasi-omni that transmit leg is all and recipient match one by one and carry out transfer of data, obtain the maximum transmission Quasi-omni of SNR value and be the best Quasi-omni of transmission, receiving Quasi-omni is optimum reception Quasi-omni, and the best Quasi-omni of transmission and optimum reception Quasi-omni form uasi-omni pair of best Q; Carry out the design of Sector code book and cooperate corresponding training step, obtain best Sector pair; Carry out the design of Beam code book in to scope and cooperate corresponding training step at best Sector, obtain best Beam pair, so that three kinds of patterns all produce corresponding code book, in realizing antenna pattern the wave beam in the same size, be evenly distributed and point to clear and definite in, reach the purpose of the antenna beam that searches high accuracy, high-gain, less gain loss in the short time, and circular array is stronger, more stable about the robustness of phase shift mistake.Because take a phase modulation when producing antenna weight vector, the mode of not amplitude modulation can also reduce the radio-frequency devices complexity.

Above execution mode only is used for explanation the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; in the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims (6)

1. based on the 60GHz beam form-endowing method of double-layer circular antenna array, it is characterized in that described double-layer circular antenna array comprises inner ring antenna array and outer ring antenna array, described beam form-endowing method comprises code book design and training step, specifically comprises:

S1: according to circular array array factor expression formula $A\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\underset{m=0}{\overset{M-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{W}_m{e}^{j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{r}_1\cos (\mathrm{\&theta;}-\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;m}}{M})}$ Or $A\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\underset{n=0}{\overset{N-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{W}_n{e}^{j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{r}_2\cos (\mathrm{\&theta;}-\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;n}}{N})}$

With one of the antenna weight vector loopy moving of described circular array, the directional diagram of wave beam rotates 2 π/M or 2 π/N angle, and shape invariance, wherein M is the inner ring antenna element number that comprises in the described inner ring antenna array, m is the antenna element numbering of described inner ring antenna array, and N is the antenna element number of described outer ring antenna array, and n is the antenna element numbering of described outer ring antenna array, λ is wavelength, r ₁Be the radius of described inner ring antenna array, and r ₁=λ/2, r ₂Be the radius of described outer ring antenna array, and r ₂/ λ=N/16;

S2: close described outer ring antenna array, open described inner ring antenna array, utilize formula

Carry out the design of Quasi-omni code book and obtain two kinds of Quasi-omni patterns, wherein m is the antenna element numbering of described inner ring antenna array, and the span of m is 0,1 ... M-1, and M=8, k are Quasi-omni pattern numbering, and value is 0 and 1;

The all reception Quasi-omni of the transmission Quasi-omni that transmit leg is all and recipient match one by one and carry out transfer of data, obtain sending in the maximum combination of SNR value Quasi-omni and be the best Quasi-omni of transmission, corresponding reception Quasi-omni is optimum reception Quasi-omni, and the described best Quasi-omni of transmission and described optimum reception Quasi-omni form uasi-omni pair of best Q;

S3: according to formula

$W_{m,k}=e^{-j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{r}_1\cos \left(\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}\&times;\mathrm{mod}(m-k,M)}{M}\right)}$

Carry out the design of Sector code book and cooperate corresponding training step, obtain best Sector pair, wherein m is the antenna element numbering of described inner ring antenna array, and the span of m is 0,1 ... M-1, M is described inner ring antenna element number, k is Sector pattern numbering, and the span of k is 0,1 ... K-1, K is the Sector number, and K=M=8;

S4: close described inner ring antenna array, open described outer ring antenna array, described best Sector to scope in according to formula

$W_{n,i}=e^{-j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{r}_2\cos \left(\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}\&times;\mathrm{mod}(n-i,N}{N}\right)}$

Carry out the design of Beam code book and cooperate corresponding training step, obtain best Beam pair, wherein the value of N is 8 integral multiple, and N＞8, n is the antenna element numbering of described outer ring antenna array, the n span is 0,1 ... N-1, i are Beam pattern numbering, the span of i is 0,1 ... I-1, I are number of beams, and I=N.

2. beam form-endowing method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, obtains best Sector among the described step S3 to specifically comprising:

S31: the recipient keeps optimum reception Quasi-omni constant, transmit leg will match one by one with described optimum reception Quasi-omni and carry out transfer of data with the described best corresponding transmission Sector of Quasi-omni shape that sends, and selecting the transmission Sector corresponding with maximum S/N R value is the best transmission Sector;

S32: transmit leg keeps the described best Sector of transmission constant, the recipient will be corresponding with described optimum reception Quasi-omni shape reception Sector and the described best Sector that sends match one by one and carry out transfer of data, selecting the reception Sector corresponding with maximum S/N R value is optimum reception Sector, and described best transmission Sector and described optimum reception Sector form described best Sector pair.

3. beam form-endowing method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, obtains best Beam among the described step S4 to specifically comprising:

S41: the recipient keeps described optimum reception Sector constant, and transmit leg is closed described inner ring antenna array, opens described outer ring antenna array, and sending the interior number of the described best Sector of transmission scope is Num _BBeam and one by one pairing, selecting the transmission Beam corresponding with maximum S/N R value is the best transmission Beam, the transmission Beam number of wherein choosing ${\mathrm{Num}}_B=2^{\mathrm{round}\left({\log }_{2}N\right)-3}+1,$ The integer value of round () for rounding up, N is the number of described outer ring antenna element;

S42: transmit leg keeps the described best Beam of transmission constant, and the recipient closes described inner ring antenna array, opens described outer ring antenna array, is Num with number _BBeam received beam and one by one pairing, selecting the reception Beam corresponding with maximum S/N R value is optimum reception Beam, described the best transmission Beam and described optimum reception Beam form described best Beam pair.

4. based on the system of the 60GHz wave beam forming of double-layer circular antenna array, it is characterized in that described double-layer circular antenna array comprises inner ring antenna array and outer ring antenna array, described system specifically comprises:

The circular antenna array factor unit is according to circular array array factor expression formula $A\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\underset{m=0}{\overset{M-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{W}_m{e}^{j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{r}_1\cos (\mathrm{\&theta;}-\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;m}}{M})}$ Or $A\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\underset{n=0}{\overset{N-1}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{W}_n{e}^{j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{r}_2\cos (\mathrm{\&theta;}-\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;n}}{N})}$ With one of the antenna weight vector loopy moving of described circular array, the directional diagram of wave beam rotates 2 π/M or 2 π/N angle, and shape invariance, wherein M is the inner ring antenna element number that comprises in the described inner ring antenna array, m is the antenna element numbering of described inner ring antenna array, and N is the antenna element number of described outer ring antenna array, and n is the antenna element numbering of described outer ring antenna array, λ is wavelength, r ₁Be the radius of described inner ring antenna array, and r ₁=λ/2, r ₂Be the radius of described outer ring antenna array, and r ₂/ λ=N/16;

Quasi-omni code book design cell when closing described outer ring antenna array, utilizes formula when opening described inner ring antenna array

Carry out the design of Quasi-omni code book and obtain two kinds of Quasi-omni patterns, wherein m is the antenna element numbering of described inner ring antenna array, and the span of m is 0,1 ... M-1, and M=8, k are Quasi-omni pattern numbering, and value is 0 and 1;

The all reception Quasi-omni of the transmission Quasi-omni that transmit leg is all and recipient match one by one and carry out transfer of data, obtain the maximum transmission Quasi-omni of SNR value and be the best Quasi-omni of transmission, corresponding reception Quasi-omni is optimum reception Quasi-omni, and the described best Quasi-omni of transmission and described optimum reception Quasi-omni form uasi-omni pair of best Q;

Sector code book design cell is according to formula

$W_{m,k}=e^{-j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{r}_1\cos \left(\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}\&times;\mathrm{mod}(m-k,M)}{M}\right)}$

Carry out the design of Sector code book and cooperate corresponding training step, obtain best Sector pair, wherein m is the antenna element numbering of described inner ring antenna array, and the span of m is 0,1 ... M-1, M is described inner ring antenna element number, k is Sector pattern numbering, and the span of k is 0,1 ... K-1, K is the Sector number, and K=M=8;

Beam code book design cell, described best Sector to scope in according to formula

$W_{n,i}=e^{-j\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{r}_2\cos \left(\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}\&times;\mathrm{mod}(n-i,N}{N}\right)}$ Carry out the design of Beam code book and cooperate corresponding training step, obtain best Beam pair, wherein the value of N is 8 integral multiple, and N＞8, n is described numbering, and the n span is 0,1 ... N-1, i are described numbering, the span of i is 0,1 ... I-1, I are number of beams, and I=N.

5. system as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described Sector code book design cell specifically comprises:

The best Sector acquiring unit that sends, the recipient keeps optimum reception Quasi-omni constant, transmit leg will match one by one with described optimum reception Quasi-omni and carry out transfer of data with the described best corresponding transmission Sector of Quasi-omni shape that sends, and selecting the transmission Sector corresponding with maximum S/N R value is the best transmission Sector;

Optimum reception Sector acquiring unit, transmit leg keeps the described best Sector of transmission constant, the recipient will be corresponding with described optimum reception Quasi-omni shape reception Sector and the described best Sector that sends match one by one and carry out transfer of data, selecting the reception Sector corresponding with maximum S/N R value is optimum reception Sector, and described best transmission Sector and described optimum reception Sector form described best Sector pair.

6. system as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described Beam code book design cell specifically comprises:

The best Beam acquiring unit that sends, the recipient keeps described optimum reception Sector constant, and transmit leg is closed described inner ring antenna array, opens described outer ring antenna array, and sending the interior number of the described best Sector of transmission scope is Num _BBeam and one by one pairing, selecting the transmission Beam corresponding with maximum S/N R value is the best transmission Beam, wherein ${\mathrm{Num}}_B=2^{\mathrm{round}({\log }_{2}N)-3}+1,$ Num _BFor choosing the number of the Beam that sends or receive, round () is the integer value that rounds up, and N is the number of described outer ring antenna element;

Optimum reception Beam acquiring unit, transmit leg keep the described best Beam of transmission constant, and the recipient closes described inner ring antenna array, opens described outer ring antenna array, is Num with number _BBeam received beam and one by one pairing, selecting the reception Beam corresponding with maximum S/N R value is optimum reception Beam, described the best transmission Beam and described optimum reception Beam form described best Beam pair.

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