CN103066879B - Triple frequency injection control method for modular multilevel converter - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of triple frequency injection control method for modular multilevel converter, using the actual value modulator approach of capacitance voltage. And 3 harmonics are added simultaneously in bridge arm common mode current and output voltage, the current component being added With component of voltage Meet expression formula respectively: In formula: ω indicates control frequency.

Description

A kind of triple frequency injection control method for modular multilevel converter

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of control method of multilevel power electronic inverter.

Background technology

Modular multi-level converter (Modular Multilevel Converter, MMC) is a kind of novel electric power electric current transformer obtaining extensive concern recent years, is the earliest to be proposed at about 2002 by A.Lesnicar and R.Marquardt of Germany.Modular multi-level converter power unit module and can cascade structures shape its be specially adapted in be pressed onto the application scenario of high-tension electricity electronics unsteady flow.

The Basic Topological of three-phase modular multilevel current transformer as shown in Figure 1.Three-phase modular multilevel current transformer is made up of three-phase six brachium pontis, often has upper and lower two brachium pontis mutually.Each brachium pontis is formed by the sub module cascade that brachium pontis inductance is identical with several structures respectively.Each module comprises electronic power switch device and a DC capacitor of two band anti-paralleled diodes.

Modular multi-level converter each cross streams side electric current equals upper and lower bridge arm difference between currents, and bridge arm current is the actual electric current by switching device.Analyze the single-phase bridge arm current of current transformer, it can be analyzed to two parts:

i _{up_y}＝i _{com_y}+i _di _{f_y}

i _{down_y}＝i _{com_y}-i _di _{f_y}

Wherein i _{com_y}represent bridge arm current common mode component, i _{dif_y}represent bridge arm current differential-mode component, y=a, b, c, represent A, B, C three-phase respectively.

(1) flow into upper brachium pontis by DC side, do not flow directly into lower brachium pontis by AC, finally flow back into the upper and lower bridge arm common mode component i of DC side _{com_y}, this part completes the energy exchange of DC side and current transformer upper and lower bridge arm submodule electric capacity, and it can be expressed as:

i _{com_y}＝(i _{up_y}+i _{down_y})/2

Wherein i _{up_y}bridge arm current in expression, i _{down_y}represent lower bridge arm current, y=a, b, c, represent A, B, C three-phase respectively.

(2) AC is flowed into respectively by upper and lower bridge arm, not by the upper and lower bridge arm differential-mode component i of another one brachium pontis _{dif_y}, this part completes the energy exchange of current transformer upper and lower bridge arm submodule electric capacity and AC, and it can be expressed as:

i _di _{f_y}＝(iu _{p_y}-i _{down_y})/2＝i _{out_y}/2

Wherein i _{out_y}represent ac-side current instantaneous value, y=a, b, c, represent A, B, C three-phase respectively.

In running, control opening and shutoff of each module switch device, the DC capacitor of each module can be made to access in brachium pontis or be bypassed.By controlling access or the bypass of DC capacitor, each bridge arm voltage can be controlled, thus control AC voltage.

Modular multi-level converter, each module DC capacitor can be charged to a fixed potential at initial time in running when DC capacitor access brachium pontis, bridge arm current will give this capacitor charge and discharge, and the current potential on electric capacity is departed from namely have:

$u_{\mathrm{cap}\_j}\left(t\right)=U_{\mathrm{cap}}^{*}+{\∫}_0^t{s}_j\left(\mathrm{\τ}\right)i_j\left(\mathrm{\τ}\right)\mathrm{d\τ}$

Wherein u _{cap_j}t () represents each module DC capacitor instantaneous voltage value; s _j(τ) represent the switch function of each module, when DC capacitor in module is access in brachium pontis, this functional value is 1, and when in module, DC capacitor is bypassed, this functional value is 0; i _j(τ) bridge arm current flow through in the brachium pontis of each module place is represented.

Because AC side of converter voltage is determined by bridge arm voltage, and bridge arm voltage is obtained by each DC capacitor voltage support, therefore in order to make current transformer to run normally, require in running, each module DC capacitor voltage can realize a kind of dynamic balance, significantly can not depart from U ₀, usually require that deviation oscillation is no more than ± 10%U ₀.Once converter module DC voltage balance cannot be resolved, cannot normally run directly causing current transformer.

For this problem, present stage various countries experts and scholars have also carried out some and have analyzed.Each module DC voltage balance problem, can be summed up as the problem of each module DC capacitor energy balance in the process of discharge and recharge, and this problem can be divided into two subproblems to solve respectively.

1. each module DC capacitor energy balance problem in brachium pontis;

2. energy balance problem between brachium pontis.

For problem 1, document " A New AC/AC Multilevel Converter Family " proposes a kind of solution.The size of each SM submodule DC capacitor voltage of each brachium pontis of period measurement and the direction of each bridge arm current, and classify, the capacitance voltage size of measurement arranged according to order from small to large, the brachium pontis level number then obtained according to algorithm and bridge arm current direction control each SM submodule.If bridge arm current makes each submodule capacitor charging, the submodule so choosing capacitance voltage less is open-minded; If bridge arm current makes each submodule capacitor discharge, the submodule so choosing capacitance voltage value larger is open-minded.Emulation given as can be seen from document and experimental waveform, the method preferably resolves this problem, achieves capacitor voltage balance problem in brachium pontis, all supposes that in each brachium pontis, each module capacitance voltage is equal when following analysis.

For problem 2, in fact the modulator approach commonly used all can this problem of solution of self-balancing present stage.The modulator approach that present stage is commonly used mainly contains voltage approaches method, phase-shifting carrier wave method etc., and all there is a basic assumption in these modulator approaches, namely the voltage of each module capacitance is fixed value illustrate this kind of modulator approach how to realize energy balance between brachium pontis for voltage approaches method below.

Such as according to demand for control, output voltage set-point is y=a, b, c represent A, B, C three-phase.Then upper and lower bridge arm voltage given value is respectively it meets formula below:

$u_{\mathrm{up}\_y}^{*}=\frac{1}{2}{U}_{\mathrm{dc}}-u_{\mathrm{out}\_y}^{*}$

$u_{\mathrm{down}\_y}^{*}=\frac{1}{2}{U}_{\mathrm{dc}}+u_{\mathrm{out}\_y}^{*}$

Wherein U _dcrepresent DC voltage.

According to voltage approaches method, brachium pontis can be obtained and lower brachium pontis opens number of modules N needed in control cycle _{up_y}, N _{down_y}

$N_{\mathrm{up}\_y}=u_{\mathrm{up}\_y}^{*}/U_{\mathrm{cap}}^{*}$

$N_{\mathrm{down}\_y}=u_{\mathrm{down}\_y}^{*}/U_{\mathrm{cap}}^{*}$

According to N _{up_y}with N _{down_y}the control impuls of each module can be generated.

But in fact due to the existence of the fluctuation of capacitance voltage, brachium pontis virtual voltage will depart from the given voltage of brachium pontis.Set upper and lower bridge arm module capacitance voltage u _{cap_up_y}, u _{cap_down_y}can be expressed as:

$u_{\mathrm{cap}\_\mathrm{up}\_y}=U_{\mathrm{cap}}^{*}+{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_{\mathrm{cap}\_\mathrm{up}\_y}$

$u_{\mathrm{cap}\_\mathrm{down}\_y}=U_{\mathrm{cap}}^{*}+{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_{\mathrm{cap}\_\mathrm{down}\_y}$

Wherein ε _{cap_up_y}and ε _{cap_down_y}represent upper brachium pontis and lower bridge arm module voltage fluctuation of capacitor function respectively.

So go up brachium pontis and lower brachium pontis virtual voltage can be expressed as:

$u_{\mathrm{up}\_y}=u_{\mathrm{up}\_y}^{*}(1+\frac{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_{\mathrm{cap}\_\mathrm{up}\_y}}{U_{\mathrm{cap}}^{*}})$

$u_{\mathrm{down}\_y}=u_{\mathrm{down}\_y}^{*}(1+\frac{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_{\mathrm{cap}\_\mathrm{down}\_y}}{U_{\mathrm{cap}}^{*}})$

The single-phase reduced graph of Fig. 2 representation module Multilevel Inverters, in figure, L represents load equivalent inductance, R represents load equivalent resistance, L _bridgerepresent load inductance, current-voltage correlation equation can be listed by this figure:

${2L}_{\mathrm{bridge}}\frac{{\mathrm{di}}_{\mathrm{com}\_y}}{\mathrm{dt}}=U_{\mathrm{dc}}-u_{\mathrm{up}\_y}-u_{\mathrm{down}\_y}$

$u_{\mathrm{out}}=-\frac{1}{2}(u_{\mathrm{up}\_y}-u_{\mathrm{down}\_y})=L\frac{{\mathrm{di}}_{\mathrm{out}\_y}}{\mathrm{dt}}+{\mathrm{Ri}}_{\mathrm{out}\_y}$

Now there is a larger disturbance in the upper brachium pontis of hypothesis, and lower bridge arm module voltage still equals the given voltage of module (hypothesis just proposed in order to easy analysis, module voltage fluctuation is all existence all the time in fact up and down) here, such as:

ε _{cap_up_y}＞0

ε _{cap_down_y}＝0

So according to above formula known due to module voltage fluctuation bridge arm current common mode component will be made less than normal than stable state, output current is also less than normal than stable state, and bridge arm current so will inevitably be caused less than normal than stable state, lower bridge arm current then without with stable state without too large change.Due to the discharge and recharge effect of bridge arm current, the upper bridge arm current part less than normal than stable state will make upper brachium pontis capacitor discharge, also just make brachium pontis capacitance voltage get back to set-point.

By analyzing known employing present stage traditional modulation algorithm above, bridge arm module capacitance voltage has self-regulation, can reach the balance of energy between brachium pontis.

But analyze output voltage and can find out that the method also exists serious problem,

$u_{\mathrm{out}}=\frac{1}{2}(u_{\mathrm{up}\_y}-u_{\mathrm{down}\_y})=u_{\mathrm{out}}^{*}-\frac{1}{2}(u_{\mathrm{up}\_y}^{*}\frac{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_{\mathrm{cap}\_\mathrm{up}\_y}}{U_{\mathrm{cap}}^{*}}-u_{\mathrm{down}\_y}^{*}\frac{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_{\mathrm{cap}\_\mathrm{down}\_y}}{U_{\mathrm{cap}}^{*}})$

Will containing module capacitance voltage fluctuation component from the known output voltage of above formula, when module capacitance voltage fluctuation is not very little relative to output voltage, will there is Severe distortion in output voltage.

As seen from the above analysis present stage conventional modulation methods, module capacitance voltage between brachium pontis can be made to have self-regulation (i.e. vulnerability to jamming), when module capacitance voltage occurs that disturbance to return initial condition, but the method will make output voltage occur Severe distortion when module capacitance voltage fluctuation is serious.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to solve module Multilevel Inverters adopts existing modulation algorithm output voltage by the problem of module voltage fluctuation, propose a kind of actual value modulator approach, and add compensatory algorithm and make algorithm of the present invention have the module capacitance voltage vulnerability to jamming of original modulation algorithm equally.

The present invention adopts the actual value of capacitance voltage to modulate, and actual value modulation algorithm mainly contains following two steps:

(1) DC capacitor voltage of modular multi-level converter brachium pontis submodule is sorted.The size of each submodule DC capacitor voltage of each brachium pontis of period measurement and the direction of each bridge arm current, the capacitance voltage size of measurement arranged according to order from small to large, result is U _c1, U _c2, U _cn.

(2) switch function of each submodule is determined according to modular multi-level converter bridge arm current direction, the given voltage of brachium pontis and each submodule capacitor voltage, be specially: if electric current is greater than 0, then select the submodule that capacitance voltage is less open-minded, if the given voltage of brachium pontis is if meet simultaneously:

$u_{\mathrm{bridge}}^{*}-{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{i=1}^k{U}_{\mathrm{ci}}>0$

$u_{\mathrm{bridge}}^{*}-{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_{i=1}^{k+1}{U}_{\mathrm{ci}}<0$

Then by open-minded for front k level submodule, namely its switch function is S (1,2 ..., k)=1; Kth+1 grade of submodule is in PWM state, and its switch function is $S(k+1)=\frac{u_{\mathrm{bridge}}^{*}-{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_{i=1}^k{U}_{\mathrm{ci}}}{U_{c(k+1)}};$

If electric current is less than 0, then select the submodule that DC capacitor voltage is larger open-minded, if meet simultaneously:

$u_{\mathrm{bridge}}^{*}-{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_{i=1}^k{U}_{\mathrm{ci}}>0$

$u_{\mathrm{bridge}}^{*}-{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_{i=k-1}^n{U}_{\mathrm{ci}}<0$

Then, k level submodule is in opening state, and its switch function is S (k, k+1 ..., n)=1; Kth-1 grade of submodule is in pulse-width modulation state, $S(k+1)=\frac{u_{\mathrm{bridge}}^{*}-{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_{i=k}^k{U}_{\mathrm{ci}}}{U_{c(k-1)}},$ Switch function finally by each submodule obtains the trigger impulse of each switching tube.

In order to not destroy the advantage of voltage vulnerability to jamming between brachium pontis that original modulation algorithm has, the present invention adds 3 harmonics simultaneously and solves module capacitance voltage vulnerability to jamming problem in brachium pontis common mode current and output voltage.Suppose that three-phase alternating current side output voltage set-point is respectively:

Then added current component with component of voltage meet following formula respectively:

$\tilde{i}=k\sin 3\mathrm{\&omega;t}$

$\tilde{u}=\tilde{U}\sin 3\mathrm{\&omega;t}$

In formula: representation module Multilevel Inverters AC output voltage set-point, subscript y=a, b, c, represent A respectively, B, C three-phase; U _outrepresent AC given voltage phase voltage peak value; ω represents control frequency; K is determined by the deviation size of upper brachium pontis and lower bridge arm module average voltage, adopts pi regulator to control to obtain in actual algorithm; to represent in output voltage add the amplitude of frequency tripling component, experimentally condition can provide in reality, be generally fixed value.

After adding this component, the instantaneous power of upper and lower bridge arm is respectively:

$=(\frac{U_{\mathrm{dc}}}{2}{i}_{\mathrm{com}\_y}-u_{\mathrm{out}\_y}^{*}\frac{i_{\mathrm{out}\_y}}{2}-\tilde{U}\frac{i_{\mathrm{out}\_y}}{2}\sin 3\mathrm{\&omega;t}+k\frac{U_{\mathrm{dc}}}{2}\sin 3\mathrm{\&omega;t})\&PlusMinus;(\frac{U_{\mathrm{dc}}}{2}\frac{i_{\mathrm{out}\_y}}{2}$

From above formula, in upper and lower bridge arm instantaneous power, add contrary DC component respectively thus can according to the balance of module voltage bias adjustment upper and lower bridge arm module capacitance voltage.

Control method of the present invention has following steps:

(1) the every mutually upper and lower bridge arm current of measurement mode blocking Multilevel Inverters, computing module Multilevel Inverters AC transient current i _{out_y}:

i _{out_y}=i _{up_y}-i _{down_y}

In formula: i _{up_y}bridge arm current in expression, i _{down_y}represent lower bridge arm current;

(2) bridge arm current common mode component set-point is calculated bridge arm current common mode component set-point expression formula be:

$i_{\mathrm{com}\_y}^{*}=\frac{u_{\mathrm{out}\_y}^{*}{i}_{\mathrm{out}\_y}}{U_{\mathrm{dc}}}$

In formula: U _dcrepresent DC side busbar voltage, represent the given voltage of AC, i _{out_y}the instantaneous value of ac-side current;

(3) mean value of brachium pontis and lower brachium pontis each direct current submodule voltage in calculating, upper brachium pontis capacitance voltage mean value and lower brachium pontis are held average voltage subtract each other, the difference of gained is sent in pi regulator, the component sin 3 ω t of the result k obtained is multiplied by amplitude to be again 1 frequency be output voltage 3 times, the result obtained, as the Part I correction of bridge arm current common mode component, joins in the set-point of bridge arm current common mode component;

(4) mean value of upper brachium pontis and lower brachium pontis each direct current submodule voltage sum and d-c bus voltage value are subtracted each other, the difference of gained is sent in pi regulator, the result obtained, as the Part II correction of bridge arm current common mode component, joins in the set-point of bridge arm current common mode component;

(5) according to upper bridge arm current i _{up_y}with lower bridge arm current i _{down_y}calculate the actual value i of bridge arm current common mode component _{com_y}, the expression formula of the actual value of bridge arm current common mode component is:

i _{com_y}＝(i _{up_y}+i _{down_y})/2；

(6) difference of the actual value of the set-point of bridge arm current common mode component and bridge arm current common mode component sent in pi regulator, the result obtained is the correction value Δ (u of bridge arm voltage _up+ u _down);

(7) in current transformer output voltage set-point, add frequency tripling component, and calculate the given voltage of upper brachium pontis according to the given magnitude of voltage of modular multi-level converter AC, DC bus-bar voltage and bridge arm voltage correction value with the given voltage of lower brachium pontis expression formula is:

$u_{\mathrm{up}\_y}^{*}=\frac{U_{\mathrm{dc}}}{2}-(u_{\mathrm{out}\_y}^{*}+\tilde{U}\sin 3\mathrm{\&omega;t})+0.5\&times;\mathrm{\&Delta;}(u_{\mathrm{up}}+u_{\mathrm{down}})$

$u_{\mathrm{down}\_y}^{*}=\frac{U_{\mathrm{dc}}}{2}+(u_{\mathrm{out}\_y}^{*}+\tilde{U}\sin 3\mathrm{\&omega;t})+0.5\&times;\mathrm{\&Delta;}(u_{\mathrm{up}}+u_{\mathrm{down}})$

(8) upper brachium pontis step (7) obtained and the given voltage of lower brachium pontis are sent in above-mentioned actual value modulation algorithm, obtain the control signal of brachium pontis and each switching device of lower brachium pontis on modular multi-level converter, thus upper brachium pontis described in controlling and each switching device of lower brachium pontis.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 three-phase modular multilevel current transformer Basic Topological schematic diagram;

The single-phase rough schematic view of Fig. 2 modular multi-level converter;

Fig. 3 control method schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 4 application control method experimental waveform of the present invention figure.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.

Fig. 1 is three-phase modular multilevel current transformer Basic Topological schematic diagram.Described current transformer is often followed in series to form by upper and lower two brachium pontis and AC reactor, and each brachium pontis is in series by several power modules SM.Each submodule SM is made up of a semi-bridge inversion unit and a DC energy storage electric capacity, and each semi-bridge inversion unit is formed by the full control electronic power switch devices in series of two band anti-paralleled diodes.By controlling conducting and the shutoff of electronic power switch device, the exportable voltage 0 in each SM submodule two ends or capacitance voltage, during setting submodule SM output voltage 0, assert this submodule conducting, when submodule SM output capacitance magnitude of voltage, assert that this submodule turns off.Conducting so by controlling each submodule SM can realize the conversion of direct voltage to alternating voltage with shutoff.

Fig. 2 is the single-phase rough schematic view of modular multi-level converter, and each brachium pontis serial module structure can be equivalent to variable voltage source, by regulating the conducting of each submodule in brachium pontis to turn off, can control the actual value of this variable voltage source.U in figure _dcrepresent DC side busbar voltage, upper and lower bridge arm current is respectively i _{up_y}and i _{down_y}, subscript up and down represents brachium pontis and lower brachium pontis respectively; Subscript j=a, b, c, represent a respectively, b, c three-phase.The upper and lower bridge arm voltage of direct current sub module cascade is respectively u _{up_y}and u _{down_y}, subscript meaning is the same.Phase current is respectively i _{out_y}.L _bridgerepresent brachium pontis inductance, R, L represent equivalent load.

The current transformer low frequency control method that the present invention proposes comprises the following steps:

(1) the every mutually upper and lower bridge arm current of measurement mode blocking Multilevel Inverters, calculates AC transient current i _{out_y}:

i _{out_y}=i _{up_y}-i _{down_y}

In formula: i _{up_y}bridge arm current in expression, i _{down_y}represent lower bridge arm current;

(2) bridge arm current common mode component set-point is calculated bridge arm current common mode component set-point expression formula be:

$i_{\mathrm{com}\_y}^{*}=\frac{u_{\mathrm{out}\_y}^{*}{i}_{\mathrm{out}\_y}}{U_{\mathrm{dc}}}$

In formula: U _dcrepresent DC side busbar voltage, represent the given voltage of AC, i _{out_y}the instantaneous value of ac-side current;

(3) mean value of brachium pontis and lower brachium pontis each direct current submodule voltage in calculating, upper brachium pontis capacitance voltage mean value and lower brachium pontis are held average voltage subtract each other, the difference of gained is sent in pi regulator, the component sin3 ω t of the result k obtained is multiplied by amplitude to be again 1 frequency be output voltage 3 times, the result obtained joins in the set-point of bridge arm current common mode component as the Part I correction of bridge arm current common mode component;

(4) mean value of upper brachium pontis and lower brachium pontis each direct current submodule voltage sum and d-c bus voltage value are subtracted each other, the difference of gained sent in pi regulator, the result obtained joins in the set-point of bridge arm current common mode component as the Part II correction of bridge arm current common mode component;

(5) according to upper bridge arm current i _{up_y}with lower bridge arm current i _{down_y}calculate the actual value i of bridge arm current common mode component _{com_y}, the expression formula of the actual value of bridge arm current common mode component is:

i _{com_y}＝(i _{up_y}+i _{down_y})/2；

(6) difference of the actual value of the set-point of bridge arm current common mode component and bridge arm current common mode component sent in pi regulator, the result obtained is the correction value Δ (u of bridge arm voltage _up+ u _down);

(7) in current transformer output voltage set-point, add frequency tripling component, and calculate the given voltage of upper brachium pontis according to the given magnitude of voltage of modular multi-level converter AC, DC bus-bar voltage and bridge arm voltage correction value with the given voltage of lower brachium pontis expression formula is:

$u_{\mathrm{up}\_y}^{*}=\frac{U_{\mathrm{dc}}}{2}-(u_{\mathrm{out}\_y}^{*}+\tilde{U}\sin 3\mathrm{\&omega;t})+0.5\&times;\mathrm{\&Delta;}(u_{\mathrm{up}}+u_{\mathrm{down}})$

$u_{\mathrm{down}\_y}^{*}=\frac{U_{\mathrm{dc}}}{2}+(u_{\mathrm{out}\_y}^{*}+\tilde{U}\sin 3\mathrm{\&omega;t})+0.5\&times;\mathrm{\&Delta;}(u_{\mathrm{up}}+u_{\mathrm{down}})$

(8) upper brachium pontis step (7) obtained and the given voltage of lower brachium pontis are sent in actual value modulation algorithm, obtain the control signal of brachium pontis and each switching device of lower brachium pontis on modular multi-level converter, thus upper brachium pontis described in controlling and each switching device of lower brachium pontis.

(9) capacitance voltage actual value modulation algorithm comprises following two steps:

I. capacitance voltage sorts.The size of each SM submodule DC capacitor voltage of each brachium pontis of period measurement and the direction of each bridge arm current, it is U that the capacitance voltage size of measurement is carried out rank results according to order from small to large _c1, U _c2, U _cn.

II. the switch function of each submodule is determined according to modular multi-level converter bridge arm current direction, the given voltage of brachium pontis and each submodule capacitor voltage, concretely: if electric current is greater than 0, then select the submodule that capacitance voltage is less open-minded, if the given voltage of brachium pontis is if meet simultaneously:

$u_{\mathrm{bridge}}^{*}-{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_{i=1}^k{U}_{\mathrm{ci}}>0$

$u_{\mathrm{bridge}}^{*}-{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_{i=1}^{k+1}{U}_{\mathrm{ci}}<0$

Then by open-minded for front k level module, namely its switch function is S (1,2 ..., k)=1; Kth+1 grade of module is in PWM state, and its switch function is $S(k+1)=\frac{u_{\mathrm{bridge}}^{*}-{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_{i=1}^k{U}_{\mathrm{ci}}}{U_{c(k+1)}};$

If electric current is less than 0, then select the submodule that capacitance voltage is larger open-minded, if meet simultaneously:

$u_{\mathrm{bridge}}^{*}-{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_{i=k}^n{U}_{\mathrm{ci}}>0$

$u_{\mathrm{bridge}}^{*}-{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_{i=k-1}^n{U}_{\mathrm{ci}}<0$

Then, k level module is in opening state, and its switch function is S (k, k+1 ..., n)=1; Kth-1 grade of module is in PWM state, $S(k+1)=\frac{u_{\mathrm{bridge}}^{*}-{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_{i=k}^k{U}_{\mathrm{ci}}}{U_{c(k-1)}};$ Switch function finally by individual module obtains the trigger impulse of each switching tube.

Below in conjunction with embodiment, implementation result of the present invention is described, but the present invention not limit by described specific embodiment.

In experiment, each brachium pontis is formed by 10 module-cascades, and module voltage initial value is 1700V, and output line voltage effective value set-point is 6kV, 50Hz, output loading be 30mH, 32 ohm.

Fig. 4 is experimental waveform, is followed successively by three-phase current i from top to bottom _{out_a}, i _{out_b}, i _{out_c}, A phase bridge arm current i _{up_a}, i _{down_a}, brachium pontis and lower bridge arm module voltage U in A phase _{c_up_a}, U _{c_down_a}, A phase output voltage u _{out_a}waveform, as can be seen from the figure three-phase output current sine degree is good, and upper brachium pontis and lower bridge arm module voltage all fluctuate near 1700, have Wind Resistance.The validity of the inventive method is not difficult to find out from experiment.

Claims (2)

1. a triple frequency injection control method for modular multilevel converter, is characterized in that, described control method adopts the actual value modulator approach of capacitance voltage, and adds 3 harmonics in brachium pontis common mode current and output voltage simultaneously;

Suppose that three-phase alternating current side output voltage set-point is respectively:

Then added current component with component of voltage meet following formula respectively:

$\tilde{i}=k\sin 3\mathrm{\&omega;t}$

$\tilde{u}=\tilde{U}\sin 3\mathrm{\&omega;t}$

In formula: representation module Multilevel Inverters AC output voltage set-point, subscript y=a, b, c, represent A respectively, B, C three-phase; U _outrepresent AC given voltage phase voltage peak value; ω represents control frequency; K is determined by the deviation size of upper brachium pontis and lower bridge arm module average voltage, adopts pi regulator to control to obtain in actual algorithm; to represent in output voltage add the amplitude of frequency tripling component;

Described capacitance voltage actual value modulation algorithm comprises following two steps:

I. capacitance voltage sorts: the size of each brachium pontis of period measurement modular multi-level converter each submodule (SM) DC capacitor voltage and the direction of each bridge arm current, the capacitance voltage size of measurement arranged according to order from small to large, result is U _c1, U _c2, U _cn;

II. determine the switch function of each submodule according to modular multi-level converter bridge arm current direction, the given voltage of brachium pontis and each submodule capacitor voltage, if electric current is greater than 0, then select the submodule that capacitance voltage is less open-minded, if the given voltage of brachium pontis is if meet simultaneously:

$u_{\mathrm{bridge}}^{*}-{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_{i=1}^k{U}_{\mathrm{ci}}>0$

$u_{\mathrm{bridge}}^{*}-{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_{i=1}^{k+1}{U}_{\mathrm{ci}}<0$

Then by open-minded for front k level submodule, namely its switch function is S (1,2 ..., k)=1; Kth+1 grade of submodule is in PWM state, and its switch function is $S(k+1)=\frac{u_{\mathrm{bridge}}^{*}-{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_{i=1}^k{U}_{\mathrm{ci}}}{U_{c(k+1)}};$

If electric current is less than 0, then select the submodule that capacitance voltage is larger open-minded, if meet simultaneously:

$u_{\mathrm{bridge}}^{*}-{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_{i=k}^n{U}_{\mathrm{ci}}>0$

$u_{\mathrm{bridge}}^{*}-{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_{i=k-1}^n{U}_{\mathrm{ci}}<0$

Then, k level submodule is in opening state, and its switch function is S (k, k+1 ..., n)=1; Kth-1 grade of submodule is in PWM state, switch function finally by each submodule obtains the trigger impulse of each switching tube.

2. control method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described control method comprises the steps:

(1) the every mutually upper and lower bridge arm current of measurement mode blocking Multilevel Inverters, computing moduleization many level AC transient current i _{out_y}:

i _{out_y}＝i _{up_y}-i _{down_y}

In formula: i _{up_y}bridge arm current in expression, i _{down_y}represent lower bridge arm current;

(2) bridge arm current common mode component set-point is calculated bridge arm current common mode component set-point expression formula be:

$i_{\mathrm{com}\_y}^{*}=\frac{u_{\mathrm{out}\_y}^{*}{i}_{\mathrm{out}\_y}}{U_{\mathrm{dc}}}$

In formula: U _dcrepresent DC side busbar voltage, represent the given voltage of AC, i _{out_y}the instantaneous value of ac-side current;

(3) mean value of brachium pontis and lower brachium pontis each direct current submodule voltage in calculating, upper brachium pontis capacitance voltage mean value and lower brachium pontis are held average voltage subtract each other, the difference of gained is sent in pi regulator, the component sin3 ω t of the result k obtained is multiplied by amplitude to be again 1 frequency be output voltage 3 times, the result obtained joins in the set-point of bridge arm current common mode component as the Part I correction of bridge arm current common mode component;

(4) mean value of upper brachium pontis and lower brachium pontis each direct current submodule voltage sum and d-c bus voltage value are subtracted each other, the difference of gained sent in pi regulator, the result obtained joins in the set-point of bridge arm current common mode component as the Part II correction of bridge arm current common mode component;

(5) according to upper bridge arm current i _{up_y}with lower bridge arm current i _{down_y}calculate the actual value i of bridge arm current common mode component _{com_y}, the expression formula of the actual value of bridge arm current common mode component is:

i _{com_y}＝(i _{up_y}+i _{down_y})/2；

(6) difference of the actual value of the set-point of bridge arm current common mode component and bridge arm current common mode component sent in pi regulator, the result obtained is the correction value Δ (u of bridge arm voltage _up+ u _down);

(7) in modular multi-level converter output voltage set-point, frequency tripling component is added sin3 ω t, and the given voltage calculating upper brachium pontis according to the given magnitude of voltage of modular multi-level converter AC, DC bus-bar voltage and bridge arm voltage correction value with the given voltage of lower brachium pontis expression formula is:

$u_{\mathrm{up}\_y}^{*}=\frac{U_{\mathrm{dc}}}{2}-(u_{\mathrm{out}\_y}^{*}+\tilde{U}\sin 3\mathrm{\&omega;t})+0.5\&times;\mathrm{\&Delta;}(u_{\mathrm{up}}+u_{\mathrm{down}})$

$u_{\mathrm{down}\_y}^{*}=\frac{U_{\mathrm{dc}}}{2}-(u_{\mathrm{out}\_y}^{*}+\tilde{U}\sin 3\mathrm{\&omega;t})+0.5\&times;\mathrm{\&Delta;}(u_{\mathrm{up}}+u_{\mathrm{down}})$

(8) upper brachium pontis step (7) obtained and the given voltage of lower brachium pontis are sent in capacitance voltage actual value modulation algorithm, obtain the control signal of brachium pontis and each switching device of lower brachium pontis on modular multi-level converter, thus upper brachium pontis described in controlling and each switching device of lower brachium pontis.